· Technical Memorandum on Noise from Places other than Domestic Premises Public Places or Construction Sites (IND-TM);
· Technical Memorandum on Noise from Construction Work in Designated Areas (DA-TM);
· Technical Memorandum on Noise from Construction Work other than Percussive Piling (GW-TM); and
· Technical Memorandum on Noise from Percussive Piling (PP-TM).
Table 4.1 Area Sensitivity Ratings
Type of Area Containing NSR |
Degree to which NSR is affected by Influencing Factor |
||
Not Affected |
Indirectly Affected |
Directly Affected |
|
Rural Area |
A |
B |
B |
Urban Area |
B |
C |
C |
Low density residential area consisting of low-rise or isolated high-rise developments |
A |
B |
C |
Construction Activities
Table 4.2 Construction Noise Criteria for Activity other than Percussive Piling
Time Period |
Basic Noise Level (BNLs) in dB(A) |
||
ASR A |
ASR B |
ASR C |
|
Evening (1900 to 2300 hours) 1 |
60 |
65 |
70 |
Night (2300 to 0700 hours) |
45 |
50 |
55 |
Notes: 1 includes Sundays and Public Holidays during daytime and evening
Table 4.3 Acceptable Noise Levels (ANLs) in dB(A)
Time Period |
ASR A |
ASR B |
ASR C |
Day (0700 to 1900 hours) |
60 |
65 |
70 |
Evening (1900 to 2300 hours) |
|||
Night (2300 to 0700 hours) |
50 |
55 |
60 |
Table 4.4 Background Noise Levels in the Study Area
Location ID |
Description |
Measured Noise Level, Leq (30-mins) dB(A) |
M1 |
Chung Mei Village No.30 |
59* (46-66) |
M2 |
Chung Mei Village No. 1 |
54* (47-60) |
M3 |
Village house nearby Tin Hau Temple |
52* (40-58) |
M4 |
Leisure and Cultural Services Department Sok Kwu Wan Office |
60* (52-65) |
M5 |
Peach Garden Seafood Restaurant |
54* (51-57) |
M6 |
Ta Shui Wan |
56* (53-58) |
Note:
* Arithmetic average
( ) Range
Distance Attenuation in dB(A) = 20 log D + 8 [where D is the distance in metres]
· All PME items required for a particular construction activity would be located at the notional or probable source position of the segment where such activity would be performed.
· A +3 dB(A) façade correction was added to the predicted noise levels in order to account for the façade effect at each NSR.
· Noise impacts at the nearest sensitive façades of the residential buildings to the source positions were assessed.
· Construction of the pumping stations;
· Construction of the STW;
· Construction of the sewers, and
· Operation of the pumping stations and the STW.
1) Chung Mei Village
Chung Mei Village is located immediately to the western end of the study area. Some of the residential dwellings in this area would have a direct line of sight to the Pumping Station P1a and P1b, and pipeline construction activities in the vicinity. These dwellings would represent some of the closest NSRs to the construction sites and would be highly susceptible to the noise impact.
2) Sok Kwu Wan Village
The village houses along the existing Sok Kwu Wan First Street would be most affected by the construction of the sewers. Short distance of the receivers from the proposed routing of sewer is likely to cause noise exceedance at these receivers.
3) Isolated Receivers along the Coast of Ta Shui Wan
Village houses are scattered between the proposed Pumping Station P2 and the STW. These houses were built at a level lower than the existing footpath where the sewers would be buried underground.
4) Mo Tat Wan
The village is located to the eastern end of the study area. The receivers in this village would be located more than 300 m from the major construction activities. However, the construction of the submarine outfall would likely have cause noise nuisance to a few isolated houses, which would be close to the outfall alignment.
Table 4.5 Summary of Representative Noise Sensitive Receivers
Receiver |
Name |
Type |
1) Chung Mei Village |
||
CMV1 |
27, Chung Mei Village |
R |
CMV2 |
30, Chung Mei Village |
R |
CMV3 |
4, Chung Mei Village |
R |
CMV4 |
1, Chung Mei Village |
R |
CMV5 |
Village house, Chung Mei Village |
R |
CMV6 |
Village house, Chung Mei Village |
R |
2) Sok Kwu Wan Village |
||
THT |
Tin Hau Temple |
T |
SKW1 |
29, Sok Kwu Wan |
R |
SKW2 |
25, Sok Kwu Wan |
R |
SKW3 |
20, Sok Kwu Wan |
R |
SKW4 |
13, Sok Kwu Wan |
R |
SKW5 |
6, Sok Kwu Wan |
R |
SKW6 |
1B, Sok Kwu Wan (northern façade) |
R |
SKW7 |
28, Sok Kwu Wan |
R |
SKW8 |
21, Sok Kwu Wan |
R |
SKW9 |
15, Sok Kwu Wan |
R |
SKW10 |
2, Sok Kwu Wan |
R |
SKW11 |
1B, Sok Kwu Wan (eastern façade) |
R |
SKW 12 |
Public library |
L |
3) Isolated Receivers along the Coast of Ta Shui Wan |
||
TSW1 |
2-storey village house at Ta Shui Wan |
R |
TSW2 |
3A, Ta Shui Wan |
R |
TSW3 |
3E, Ta Shui Wan |
R |
TSW4 |
1, Ta Shui Wan |
R |
4) Mo Tat Wan |
||
MTW1 |
18, Mo Tat Wan |
R |
MTW2 |
17A, Mo Tat Wan |
R |
Note: R – Residential T – Temple L - Library
Sewage Treatment Plant (STW)
Sewer Alignment
Submarine Outfall
Cumulative Impact
Table 4.6Cumulative Construction Noise Levels at Representative NSRs (Without Mitigation)
NSRs |
Maximum Noise Level, dB(A) |
Cumulative Noise Levels, dB(A) |
||||
|
P1a |
P1b |
P2 |
Sewer |
Submarine Outfall |
|
CMV1 |
81.4 |
64.7 |
-- |
102.0 |
-- |
102 |
CMV2 |
89.4 |
77.7 |
-- |
99.5 |
-- |
100 |
CMV3 |
70.6 |
76.7 |
-- |
91.5 |
-- |
92 |
CMV4 |
82.7 |
82.7 |
-- |
89.9 |
-- |
91 |
CMV5 |
83.7 |
77.7 |
-- |
95.9 |
-- |
96 |
CMV6 |
87.5 |
77.4 |
-- |
95.9 |
-- |
97 |
THT |
70.8 |
74.9 |
-- |
95.9 |
-- |
96 |
SKW1 |
69.4 |
72.4 |
-- |
99.5 |
-- |
100 |
SKW2 |
68.5 |
61.8 |
58 |
99.5 |
-- |
100 |
SKW3 |
-- |
59.9 |
59 |
102.0 |
-- |
102 |
SKW4 |
-- |
58.3 |
60 |
102.0 |
-- |
102 |
SKW5 |
-- |
-- |
62 |
85.5 |
-- |
86 |
SKW6 |
-- |
-- |
65 |
79.9 |
-- |
80 |
SKW7 |
59.0 |
72.2 |
-- |
79.9 |
-- |
81 |
SKW8 |
57.5 |
70.1 |
59 |
79.9 |
-- |
80 |
SKW9 |
-- |
68.6 |
60 |
79.9 |
-- |
80 |
SKW10 |
-- |
-- |
74 |
105.5 |
-- |
106 |
SKW11 |
-- |
-- |
75 |
95.9 |
-- |
96 |
SKW12 |
-- |
-- |
77 |
102.0 |
|
102 |
TSW1 |
-- |
-- |
84 |
95.9 |
-- |
96 |
TSW2 |
-- |
-- |
76 |
91.5 |
-- |
92 |
TSW3 |
-- |
-- |
74 |
95.9 |
-- |
96 |
TSW4 |
-- |
-- |
72 |
99.5 |
-- |
99 |
MTW1 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
65.9 |
67.1 |
70 |
MTW2 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
63.9 |
65.1 |
68 |
Note:
3 dB(A) facade effect was added in the calculation
-- The noise level at this particular NSR was negligible as it would be more than 300m away from the construction activity.
Boldface indicates an exceedance of the noise criteria of 75dB(A) for residential uses and 70dB(A) for Temple and library.
Pumping Stations
Table 4.7Cumulative Operational Noise Levels at Representative NSRs (Without Mitigation)
Sensitive receiver |
Distance between Noise Source and NSR, m |
Single Noise Level, dB(A) |
Cumulative Noise Level, dB(A) |
||||
P1a |
P1b |
P2 |
P1a |
P1b |
P2 |
|
|
CMV1 |
60 |
130 |
-- |
39.9 |
33.2 |
-- |
41 |
CMV2 |
24 |
92 |
-- |
47.9 |
36.2 |
-- |
48 |
CMV3 |
66 |
104 |
-- |
39.1 |
35.2 |
-- |
41 |
CMV4 |
52 |
52 |
-- |
41.2 |
41.2 |
-- |
44 |
CMV5 |
46 |
92 |
-- |
42.2 |
36.2 |
-- |
43 |
CMV6 |
30 |
96 |
-- |
46.0 |
35.9 |
|
46 |
THT |
204 |
128 |
-- |
29.3 |
33.4 |
-- |
35 |
SKW1 |
240 |
170 |
-- |
27.9 |
30.9 |
-- |
33 |
SKW2 |
266 |
182 |
288 |
27.0 |
30.3 |
26.3 |
33 |
SKW3 |
-- |
226 |
256 |
-- |
28.4 |
27.3 |
31 |
SKW4 |
-- |
272 |
212 |
-- |
26.8 |
29.0 |
31 |
SKW5 |
-- |
-- |
168 |
-- |
-- |
31.0 |
31 |
SKW6 |
-- |
-- |
130 |
-- |
-- |
33.2 |
33 |
SKW7 |
250 |
174 |
-- |
27.5 |
30.7 |
-- |
32 |
SKW8 |
300 |
222 |
260 |
26.0 |
28.6 |
27.2 |
32 |
SKW9 |
-- |
262 |
223 |
-- |
27.1 |
28.5 |
31 |
SKW10 |
-- |
-- |
140 |
-- |
-- |
32.6 |
33 |
SKW11 |
-- |
-- |
120 |
-- |
-- |
33.9 |
34 |
SKW12 |
-- |
-- |
103 |
-- |
-- |
35.2 |
35 |
TSW1 |
-- |
-- |
44 |
-- |
-- |
42.6 |
43 |
TSW2 |
-- |
-- |
118 |
-- |
-- |
34.1 |
34 |
TSW3 |
-- |
-- |
138 |
-- |
-- |
32.7 |
33 |
TSW4 |
-- |
-- |
188 |
-- |
-- |
30.0 |
30 |
MTW1 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
MTW2 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
Note:
Criteria: 55dB(A) (0700-2300 hrs); 45dB(A) (2300-0700 hrs)
3 dB(A) facade effect was added in the calculation
‘--' Not applicable because NSR would be over 300m from the construction activities, unoccupied or unaffected Boldface indicate an exceedance of the noise criterion of 45dB(A)
STW
Pumping stations
Use of Quiet PME
Equipment |
Reference |
SWL, dB(A) |
Hydraulic Breaker, excavator mounted |
BS5228, Table C.8, item 13 |
110 |
Air Compressor |
BS5228, Table C.7, item 24 |
95 |
Vibratory Poker, hand-held (Electric) |
BS 5228, Table C.6, item 32 |
100 |
Use of Temporary and Movable Noise Barriers
Sewer Alignment
· Good site practices.
· Use of quiet PME or method; and
· Restriction on the number plant.
Good Site Practices
- Only well-maintained plant should be operated on-site and plant should be serviced regularly during the construction program.
- Mobile plant, if any, should be sited as far away from NSRs as possible.
- Machines and plant (such as trucks) that may be in intermittent use should be shut down between work periods or should be throttled down to a minimum.
- Plant known to emit noise strongly in one direction should, wherever possible, be orientated so that the noise is directed away from the nearby NSRs.
- Material stockpiles and other structures should be effectively utilised, wherever practicable, in screening noise from on-site construction activities.
Use of Quiet PME
Equipment |
Reference |
SWL, dB(A) |
Air Compressor |
BS5228, C.7, item 17 |
90 |
Vibratory Poker, hand-held (Electric)
|
BS 5228, Table C.6, item 40 |
98 |
Restriction on Number of Plant Operating
Table 4.8Cumulative Construction Noise Levels at Representative NSRs (With Mitigation)
NSRs |
Maximum Noise Level, dB(A) |
Cumulative Noise Levels, dB(A) |
||||
|
P1a |
P1b |
P2 |
Sewer |
Submarine Outfall |
|
CMV1 |
65.1 |
53.4 |
-- |
94.1 |
-- |
94 |
CMV2 |
73.1 |
66.4 |
-- |
91.6 |
-- |
92 |
CMV3 |
|
65.4 |
-- |
83.6 |
-- |
84 |
CMV4 |
66.4 |
71.4 |
-- |
82.0 |
-- |
82 |
CMV5 |
67.4 |
66.4 |
-- |
88.0 |
-- |
88 |
CMV6 |
71.2 |
66.1 |
-- |
88.0 |
-- |
88 |
THT |
54.5 |
63.6 |
-- |
88.0 |
-- |
88 |
SKW1 |
53.1 |
61.1 |
-- |
91.6 |
-- |
92 |
SKW2 |
52.2 |
50.5 |
46.5 |
91.6 |
-- |
92 |
SKW3 |
-- |
48.6 |
47.5 |
94.1 |
-- |
94 |
SKW4 |
-- |
47.0 |
49.2 |
94.1 |
-- |
94 |
SKW5 |
-- |
-- |
51.2 |
77.6 |
-- |
78 |
SKW6 |
-- |
-- |
53.4 |
72.0 |
-- |
72 |
SKW7 |
42.7 |
60.9 |
-- |
72.0 |
-- |
72 |
SKW8 |
41.2 |
58.8 |
47.4 |
72.0 |
-- |
72 |
SKW9 |
-- |
57.3 |
48.7 |
72.0 |
-- |
72 |
SKW10 |
-- |
-- |
62.8 |
97.6 |
-- |
98 |
SKW11 |
-- |
-- |
64.1 |
88.0 |
-- |
88 |
SKW12 |
-- |
-- |
65.4 |
94.1 |
-- |
94 |
TSW1 |
-- |
-- |
72.8 |
88.0 |
-- |
88 |
TSW2 |
-- |
-- |
64.3 |
83.6 |
-- |
84 |
TSW3 |
-- |
-- |
62.9 |
88.0 |
-- |
88 |
TSW4 |
-- |
-- |
60.2 |
91.6 |
-- |
92 |
Note:
3 dB(A) facade effect was added in the calculation
-- The noise level at this particular NSR was negligible as it would be more than 300m away from the construction activity.
Boldface indicates an exceedance of the noise criteria of 75dB(A) for residential uses and 70dB(A) for temple and library.
Other Possible Mitigation Measures
Other Possible Mitigation Measures
Use of Noise Screening Structures
·
Owing to the severity of noise exceedances,
the use of noise
screening structures such as temporary/movable noise barrier or acoustic
enclosure/shed for the sewer construction has been considered. According to the GW-TM, a 10dB(A) noise
reduction could be achieved when all items of PME to be used on site are
totally screened by a substantial barrier.
In accordance with the EPD’s A
Practical Guide for the Reduction of Noise from Construction Works, an
acoustic enclosures with inside lined with sound absorbing material can achieve
a noise reduction of up to 20dB(A). The
proposed sewers would be aligned along the existing footpaths from Chung Mei
Village through Sok Kwu Wan First Street, Second Street, Side Streets and Mo
Tat Road to the proposed STW. The
majority of the footpath and streets within the villageswere
only a few metres in width and sometimes with structures such as air
conditioners and canopies protruding. Considering of the site constraints, the use
of noise screening structures would maynot
be practicablein most areas large sized PME, such
as excavator, lorry and mobile crane.
·
·
·
For the section of sewer construction along the
footpath or streets outside the villages, the use of movable noise barriers is
considered more feasible
owing to the provision of more space for erecting the noise screening structure
and without the air conditioners and canopies protruding. Considering the low rise nature of the NSRs
(2-3 storeys village houses), a noise screening structure (with a superficial
density of at least 7 kg/m2, with no substantial gaps) located close
to the noise generating part of a PME could produce at least 10 dB(A) screening
for stationary plant such as poker vibratorhand-held breaker
and 5 dB(A) for mobile plant such as excavator, mobile
cranekick
ripper and compactor, provided it blocked the direct line of sight
between the PME and the NSR. Figure 4.3
shows a typical design of the noise screening structures.
· During pavement breaking, rock removal in the course of trench excavation and concreting work of manhole, the use of PME such as kick ripper, hand-held breaker and vibratory poker would likely be necessary. As mentioned above, due to the space constraints and protruding structures, the use of noise screening structures within the alleyways of villages would not be feasible in most areas. Up to 23 dB(A) noise exceedances were predicted at some NSRs due to the physical constraints of the work area that the acoustic shed could not be employed and the close proximity of the NSRs to the work sites. Considering the substantial noise exceedances from the operation of these equipment, noise screening structure in the form of acoustic shed as shown in Figure 4.3 should be adopted wherever practicable in an area with sufficient clearance and headroom and this should be determined by the Contractor on site. It is assumed that 10 dB(A) noise reduction could be achieved for hand-held breaker and 5 dB(A) reduction for kick ripper (Appendix 4.14a) with the use of the acoustic shed. As indicated in Appendix 4.14b, around 2-14 dB(A) noise exceedances would be expected with the implementation of the acoustic shed. Since individual section of the sewer construction work would be carried out in a linear fashion, any given sensitive receiver experiencing worst-case noise impact would last for only a short period. In general, for every 20 m length of sewer, it would take about ½ day for breaking pavement and 7 days for trenching. It is noted that the trenching work would continue intermittently over the period of a day but would also be on-going for only 1-2 hours in one go. In addition, the use of breaker would only be applied for rock removal in the course of trench excavation. Hence, the residual impact would be infrequent and transient.
Manual working for Sewer Construction
For area where the
use of noise screening structures could not be applied and/or
exceedances were predicted, the use of manual working (i.e. use of hand tools)
has been considered. Adoption of manual
working for sewer construction (breaking up
pavement, excavation of trench, installation of pipes and bedding, backfilling
and reinstatement)could
eliminate noise impact arising from the use of PME. However, this method would be slower and require more manpower in
comparison with the method using PME and its practicability would depend on the
nature of the works. A longer
construction period would cause greater inconvenience to the residents, visitors
and in particular, the restaurants. The
use of the manual working would be subject to the construction programme,
manpower constraints and the nature of works.
Notwithstanding, in view of the substantial exceedances of the
criterion, it is recommended that manual working should be adopted wherever
practicable and feasible in areas where the worksites of the proposed sewer
alignment are located less than 20 m from the residential NSRs and less than 30
m from the temple (THT) and the public library. Figure 4.4 shows the
areas (including Chung Mei Village, Sok Kwu Wan Village and Ta Shui Wan) where
the use of PME should not be adopted wherever possible.
Table 4.8aCumulative Construction Noise Levels at Representative NSRs (With the Adoption of Quiet Equipment, Restriction on Number of Plant Operating, Use of Noise Screening Structures and Manual Working)
NSRs |
Maximum Noise Level, dB(A) |
Cumulative Noise Levels, dB(A) |
||||
|
P1a |
P1b |
P2 |
Sewer |
Submarine Outfall |
|
CMV1 |
65.1 |
53.4 |
-- |
71.1 |
-- |
72 |
CMV2 |
73.1 |
66.4 |
-- |
71.1 |
-- |
76 |
CMV3 |
|
65.4 |
-- |
71.1 |
-- |
72 |
CMV4 |
66.4 |
71.4 |
-- |
71.1 |
-- |
75 |
CMV5 |
67.4 |
66.4 |
-- |
71.1 |
-- |
74 |
CMV6 |
71.2 |
66.1 |
-- |
71.1 |
-- |
75 |
THT |
54.5 |
63.6 |
-- |
67.6 |
-- |
69 |
SKW1 |
53.1 |
61.1 |
-- |
71.1 |
-- |
72 |
SKW2 |
52.2 |
50.5 |
46.5 |
71.1 |
-- |
71 |
SKW3 |
-- |
48.6 |
47.5 |
71.1 |
-- |
71 |
SKW4 |
-- |
47.0 |
49.2 |
71.1 |
-- |
71 |
SKW5 |
-- |
-- |
51.2 |
71.1 |
-- |
71 |
SKW6 |
-- |
-- |
53.4 |
61.1 |
-- |
62 |
SKW7 |
42.7 |
60.9 |
-- |
61.1 |
-- |
64 |
SKW8 |
41.2 |
58.8 |
47.4 |
61.1 |
-- |
63 |
SKW9 |
-- |
57.3 |
48.7 |
61.1 |
-- |
63 |
SKW10 |
-- |
-- |
62.8 |
71.1 |
-- |
72 |
SKW11 |
-- |
-- |
64.1 |
71.1 |
-- |
72 |
SKW12 |
-- |
-- |
65.4 |
67.6 |
-- |
70 |
TSW1 |
-- |
-- |
72.8 |
71.1 |
-- |
75 |
TSW2 |
-- |
-- |
64.3 |
71.1 |
-- |
72 |
TSW3 |
-- |
-- |
62.9 |
71.1 |
-- |
72 |
TSW4 |
-- |
-- |
60.2 |
71.1 |
-- |
71 |
Note:
3 dB(A) facade effect was added in the calculation
-- The noise level at this particular NSR was negligible as it would be more than 300m away from the construction activity.
Boldface indicates an exceedance of the noise criteria of 75dB(A) for residential uses and 70dB(A) for temple and library.
·No works should be
carried out during the summer months, weekends and the public holidays
·Works be completed before dinner time
on each working day with works area clear of obstruction and trenches
covered;and
·Ground breaking
activities be confined to limited hours before lunch.
Table 4.9Cumulative Operational Noise Levels at Representative NSRs (With the Installation of Silencer)
Sensitive receiver |
Distance between Noise Source and NSR, m |
Single Noise Level, dB(A) |
Cumulative Noise Level, dB(A) |
||||
P1a |
P1b |
P2 |
P1a |
P1b |
P2 |
||
CMV1 |
60 |
130 |
-- |
35.9 |
33.2 |
-- |
38 |
CMV2 |
24 |
92 |
-- |
43.9 |
36.2 |
-- |
45 |
CMV3 |
66 |
104 |
-- |
35.1 |
35.2 |
-- |
38 |
CMV4 |
52 |
52 |
-- |
37.2 |
41.2 |
-- |
43 |
CMV5 |
46 |
92 |
-- |
38.2 |
36.2 |
-- |
40 |
CMV6 |
30 |
96 |
-- |
42.0 |
35.9 |
|
43 |
THT |
204 |
128 |
-- |
25.3 |
33.4 |
-- |
34 |
SKW1 |
240 |
170 |
-- |
23.9 |
30.9 |
-- |
32 |
SKW2 |
266 |
182 |
288 |
23.0 |
30.3 |
26.3 |
32 |
SKW3 |
-- |
226 |
256 |
-- |
28.4 |
27.3 |
31 |
SKW4 |
-- |
272 |
212 |
-- |
26.8 |
29.0 |
31 |
SKW5 |
-- |
-- |
168 |
-- |
-- |
31.0 |
31 |
SKW6 |
-- |
-- |
130 |
-- |
-- |
33.2 |
33 |
SKW7 |
250 |
174 |
-- |
23.5 |
30.7 |
-- |
31 |
SKW8 |
300 |
222 |
260 |
22.0 |
28.6 |
27.2 |
31 |
SKW9 |
-- |
262 |
223 |
-- |
27.1 |
28.5 |
31 |
SKW10 |
-- |
-- |
140 |
-- |
-- |
32.6 |
33 |
SKW11 |
-- |
-- |
120 |
-- |
-- |
33.9 |
34 |
SKW12 |
-- |
-- |
103 |
-- |
-- |
35.2 |
35 |
TSW1 |
-- |
-- |
44 |
-- |
-- |
42.6 |
43 |
TSW2 |
-- |
-- |
118 |
-- |
-- |
34.1 |
34 |
TSW3 |
-- |
-- |
138 |
-- |
-- |
32.7 |
33 |
TSW4 |
-- |
-- |
188 |
-- |
-- |
30.0 |
30 |
Note:
Criteria: 55dB(A) (0700-2300 hrs); 45dB(A) (2300-0700 hrs)
3 dB(A) facade effect was added in the calculation
‘--' Not applicable because NSR would be over 300m from the construction activities, unoccupied or unaffected Boldface indicate an exceedance of the noise criterion of 45dB(A)
[1]Table 1B, Annex 5 of the Technical Memorandum on Environmental Impact Assessment Process, EPD.
[2]Table 1A, Annex 5 of the Technical Memorandum on Environmental Impact Assessment Process, EPD.
[3] BS5228: Part 1: 1997, Noise and Vibration Control on Construction and Open Sites, British Standards Institution.