Terrestrial Ecological Resources for South Soko

Table 1 Plant Species Recorded Within the Study Area of South Soko

Species	Growth Form	Origin	Status	Local Abundance
				P	W	S	G	AWAL	BS	ADAL	R	St	D
Acacia confusa	T	E	VC	D		O	S						O
Acalypha wilkeesiana	S	N	VC		O								O
Ageratum conyzoides	H	N	VC				F
Alocasia macrorrhiza	H	N	VC					F
Alysicarpus bupleurifolius	S	N	C				O
Aporusa dioica	S	N	VC	O	F	O
Araucaria heterophylla	T	N	C										F
Archidendron lucidum	S	N	VC	O	F	F	O
Asparagus cochinchinensis	H	N	C			O
Atalantia buxifolia	S	N	VC	O	O	F						F
Avicennia marina	S	N	C						O
Berchemia lineata	C	N	C				S
Bidens pilosa	H	N	VC	O	F	O	O	O	O	F	O	O	A
Blechnum orientale	F	N	VC										O
Breynia fruticosa	S	N	VC	O	F	A							O
Bridelia tomentosa	S	N	VC	O	F
Broussonetia papyrifera	S	E	C		O			O
Caesalpinia vernalis	C	N	C	O	O	O
Callicarpa cathayana	S	N	C	O	O	O
Canthium dicoccum	S	N	C		O
Carex chinensis	Se	N	C					F		A	F	F
Cassytha filiformis	C	N	VC			F	O	F				O	O
Casuarina equisetifolia	T	N	VC	O
Celtis sinensis	T	N	C	O	F	O	S	O		O		O	O
Centella asiatica	H	N	VC				O	O		F		O
Cerbera manghas	T	E	C			O			F
Chloris barbata	G	E	VC				S			O
Cinnamomum camphora	T	N	C		F
Citrus maxima	S	E	C		O
Clerodendrum fragrans	S	N	C		O	F						O
Clerodendrum inerme	S	N	C		O							O	O
Cocculus orbiculatus	C	N	C		O	F	O
Colocasia esculenta	H	N	VC					A
Commelina communis	H	N	C					O
Cratoxylum cochinchinensis	S	N	VC	O		A							O
Crinum asiaticum	S	N	C			O
Cyperus malaccensis	Se	N	C					F
Dalbergia millettii	C	N	VC			F
Daphniphyllum calycinum	T	N	C	F	F	F
Derris trifoliata	C	N	C	O	O
Desmos cochinchinensis	S	N	VC	F	F
Dicranopteris linearis	F	N	VC			O	S						O
Digitaria sanquinalis	G	N	C				A			F		F	O
Dimocarpus longan	T	N	C		F			O
Duranta repens	S	E	C										O
Eichhornia crassipes	H	E	VC					O			O
Embelia laeta	C	N	VC	F	F	F							O
Embelia ribes	C	N	C			O
Eulophia flava	H	N	R			S
Euphorbia hirta	H	N	VC										F
Eurya nitida	S	N	VC			F							O
Ficus hispida	T	N	VC		O			F				F	O
Ficus microcarpa	T	N	VC		F	O						F	O
Ficus pumila	C	N	VC		O
Ficus superba	T	N	VC		F	F		O				F	O
Garcinia oblongifolia	T	N	C		F
Gardenia jasminoides	S	N	C	O	O	F
Gymnema sylvestre	C	N	C	O	O	F							O
Helicteres angustifolia	S	N	VC			F	F			F
Ilex asprella	S	N	VC	F	F	A							O
Ipomoea brasiliensis	C	N	VC						F
Ipomoea cairica	C	N	VC					F
Ischaemum aristatum	G	N	VC			F	A	F		F			F
Lantana camara	S	E	VC	F	F	O	F	F			F	O	F
Ligustrum sinense	S	N	VC	F	F
Liriope spicata	H	N	VC			O
Litsea glutinosa	T	N	VC	F	F	F			O			O	O
Litsea rotundifolia	S	N	VC	O	F	F
Ludwigia epilobioides	H	N	VC					F		F
Lygodium dichotomum	C	N	VC	O	O	O		O				O
Macaranga tanarius	T	N	VC									O	F
Machilus chinensis	T	N	C		F	S
Mallotus paniculatus	T	N	C	O	F	O							O
Melastoma candidum	S	N	VC	O	O	F							F
Melastoma sanguineum	S	N	VC	O	O	F
Melia azedarach	T	N	VC		O
Microcos paniculata	T	N	C	O	O	F
Mikania micrantha	C	E	VC	O		O	O	O		A			F
Millettia reticulata	C	N	VC			F				O
Mimosa pudica	S	N	C				O			F
Miscanthus floridulus	G	N	VC	O									O
Miscanthus sinensis	G	N	VC			O	O	O		O
Morus alba	S	N	C		F	O		S		O
Mussaenda pubescens	S	N	VC	F	F	F
Neyraudia arundinacea	G	N	VC			O	O					O
Osmunda cinnamomea	F	N	C					A		F
Paederia scandens	C	N	C	F				F	O	A			A
Pandanus forceps	S	N	C		O	O		O	O	O		F	O
Pandanus tectorius	S	N	VC	O	O	F						F	O
Paspalum conjugatum	G	N	C				F			F		F
Pennisetum purpureum	G	N	C					O		O
Phoenix hanceana	P	N	C		O	F			O				S
Phragmites australis	G	N	C					A	O		O
Phyllanthus cochinchinensis	S	N	VC			O				O
Pistia stratiotes	H	N	VC					O			O
Polygonum sp.	H	N	C	O				F		F	F	F
Psidium guajava	S	E	C		O
Psychotria rubra	S	N	VC	A	F	F						O
Pteroloma triquetrum	H	N	VC			F
Pueraria lobata	C	N	VC	O	O	O				O			A
Rhaphiolepis indica	S	N	VC	O	O	A							O
Rhapis excelsa	P	N	C		O
Rhodomyrtus tomentosa	S	N	VC	F	F	A	O					F
Rhus chinensis	S	N	VC	O	O	F
Rhus succedanea	S	N	VC	F	F	F							F
Rhynchelytrum repens	G	N	VC			F	O	O					F
Ricinus communis	H	N	C					O					O
Sageretia theezans	C	N	C	O	O	F
Sapium discolor	S	N	C	O	O	O						O
Sapium sebiferum	S	N	C	O	O	O	S	O
Scaevola sericea	H	N	VC			O			F
Schefflera octophylla	S	N	VC	F	O	F						O	F
Scleria levis	Se	N	VC					F		F
Scolopia chinensis	S	N	VC			A	S
Smilax china	C	N	VC	O	O	F				O
Sterculia lanceolata	T	N	C		F	F		O		O		F
Strophanthus divaricatus	C	N	VC		F	F
Strychnos cathayensis	S	N	C			O			S
Taxillus chinensis	C	N	C			O
Thespesia populnea	T	N	C		O				A			O
Thunbergia fragrans	C	N	C		S
Trema orientalis	S	N	VC	O	F			S
Tricalysia dubia	S	N	VC	O	F	F
Wedelia chinensis	C	N	VC	O	O	S	O	O	F	O		O	F
Wikstroemia chinensis	S	N	VC	O	O	F
Wikstroemia indica	S	N	VC	O	O	F	O
Urena lobata	S	N	VC	F	F		O	F
Verbena officinalis	H	N	C										O
Viburnum odoratissimum	S	N	C	O	O
Zanthoxylum avicennae	S	N	VC	F	F	F
Zanthoxylum nitidum	S	N	C	O	O
Zoysia matrella	G	N	C			O			F	O
Total no. of species				54	72	75	28	37	14	27	7	28	41

Code for habitat: P = plantation, W = secondary woodland, S = shrubland, G = grassland, AWAL = abandoned wet agricultural land, BS = backshore shrubland, ADAL = abandoned dry agricultural land, R = Reservoir, St = Stream, D = Developed area

Code for abundance: A=Abundant; F=Frequent; O=Occasional; S=Scarce

Code for Status: C=Common; VC=Very Common; P=Protected, R=Rare

Code for Plant Form: G=Grass; Climber; H=Herb; Se=Sedge; G=Grass; F=Fern; P=Palm; S=Shrub; T=Tree

Code for Origin: N=Native; E=Exotic

Table 2a Woodlands Recorded on South Soko in Comparison with Other Outlying Islands and South Lantau

Location	Size of the Study Area (ha)	Size and % Coverage of Woodland	Number of Plant Species Record	Floristic Diversity	Structural Complexity	Dominant Plant Species	Number of Species of Ecological/Conservation Interest
South Soko
Current study	120	Secondary woodland and plantation 12.5 ha (10.4%)	79	Low to moderate for plantation and moderate for secondary woodland	Low to moderate for plantation and moderate for woodland	Acacia confusa for plantation and Ficus microcarpa for secondary woodland	Nil
ERM 1997	120	Woodland & exotic plantation 6 ha (5%) (1)	No information	No information	No information	Not specified.	1
North Soko
ERM 1997	52	Woodland & exotic plantation 5.2 ha (10%) (1)	No information	No information	No information	Acacia confusa	1
Aerial Photograph 2004a	52	Woodland and exotic plantation 7.8 ha (15%) (2)	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable
Shek Kwu Chau
ERM 1997	117	Exotic plantation 11.7 ha (10%) (1)	No information	Low	Low to moderate	Tristania conferta	Nil
Aerial photograph 2004b	117	Exotic plantation 11.7 ha (10%) (2)	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable
Sunshine Island
ERM 1997	53	Exotic Plantation 2.7 ha (5%) (1)	No information	Low	Low	Tristania conferta	Nil
Aerial photograph 2004c	53	Nil	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable
Hei Ling Chau
Aerial photograph 2004d	190	Exotic Plantation 38 ha (20%) (2)	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable
Lamma Island
ERM 2004b	79	Secondary woodland 20.5 ha (26%)	64	Medium	Moderate	Cinnamomum camphora, Mallotus paniculatus, Sterculia lanceollata and Macraranga tanarius	1
CUHK 1999	670	Fung shui forest and secondary woodland 20.1 ha (3%)	28	High	Moderate	Aporusa dioica, Litchi chinensis, Psychotria rubra and Sterculia lanceolata	No information
Tung Lung Chau
CUHK 1999	245	Woodland 4.9 ha (2%)	34	Low to medium	Low	Dimocarpus longan, Ficus variolosa, Litsea rotundifolia, Schefflera octophylla and Sterculia lanceolata	Nil
Po Toi
ERM 1998	373	Woodland 3.7ha (~ 1%) (1)	Not specified	Not specified	Not specified	Not specified	7
CUHK 1999	373	Woodland 1.6 ha (0.42%) (1)	27	Low	Low	Rhaphiolepis indica, Sterculia lanceolata, Litsea glutinosa, Heterosmilax gaudichaudiana	7
Green Island
BMT/ERM 1999	11	Secondary Woodland 8.8 ha (> 80%) (1)	120	High	High	Mallotus paniculatus, Sterculia lanceolata, Microcos paniculata and Schefflera ocotphylla	9
Little Green Island
BMT/ERM 1999	1.5	Secondary Woodland 1.2 ha (> 80%) (1)	58	High	High	Microcos paniculata and Mallotus paniculatus	1
Chi Ma Wan Peninsula and Pui O
MCL 1999	384	Fung Shui Forest and Lowland Forest 76ha (20%)	113	High	Moderate to high	Aquilaria sinensis, Bischofia javanica, Machilus chekiangensis, Ailanthus fordii, and Sterculia lanceolata	8
Cheung Sha to Lung Tseng Tau
MAL 2001	601	Secondary woodland and plantation 274ha (46%)	Not specified	Moderate	Moderate to high	Tristania conferta, Litsea glutinosa, Microcos paniculatus, Celtis tetrandra, Bridelia tomentosa, Ficus variegata, Schefflera octophylla and Microcos paniculatus	4
Tai O
ERM 2001	350	Natural woodland 100 ha (28%)	15	Moderate	High	Not specified	3

Notes: (1) Area estimated from the habitat map presented in the report.

ERM 1997 - ERM (1997). Seabed Ecology Studies: Sokos Final Report CED.

Aerial photograph 2004a - Aerial photograph of North Soko Island at 8,000 feet dated 2nd February 2004.

Aerial photograph 2004b - Aerial photograph of Shek Kwu Chau at 8,000 feet dated 2nd February 2004.

Aerial photograph 2004c - Aerial photograph of Sunshine Island at 8,000 feet dated 2nd February 2004.

Aerial photograph 2004c - Aerial photograph of Hei Ling Chau at 8,000 feet dated 2nd February 2004.

CUHK 1999 – CUHK (1999). Feasibility Study of Lamma Island, Po Toi and Tung Lung Chau as Country Park.

ERM 1998 - ERM HK Ltd (1998d). Po Toi Island: Terrestrial Ecological Study for the Hongkong Electric Company Limited.

BMT/ERM 1999 - Babtie BMT (Hong Kong) Ltd (1999). Green Island Development EWQIA & MTIA Studies. Final Environmental and Water Quality Impact Assessment Report. For the Territory Development Department.

MCL 1999- Mott Cornell Ltd (1999). 132 KV Supply Circuit from Pui O via Chi Ma Wan Peninsula via Sea Crossing towards Cheung Chau. EIA Report.

MAL 2001-Moucel Asia Ltd (2001). Improvement to Tung Chung Road between Lung Tseng Tau and Cheung Sha. EIA Report.

ERM 2001- ERM HK Ltd (2001). Study on Revitalisation of Tai O for planning Department. Final report.

(2) Area estimated from the aerial photographs at 2004.

Table 2b Shrubland Recorded on South Soko in Comparison with Other Outlying Islands and South Lantau

Location	Size of the Areas (ha)	Size and % Coverage of Shrubland	Number of Plant Species Record	Floristic Diversity	Structural Complexity	Dominant Plant Species	Number of Species of Ecological/Conservation Interest
South Soko
Current Study	120	Shrubland 86 ha (72%)	75	Moderate	Low to moderate	Cratoxylum cochinchinense, Celtis sinensis, Rhodomyrtus tomentosa, Melastoma candidum, Ilex asprella, Ficus microcarpa, Phyllanthus emblica, Litsea glutinosa and Daphniphyllum calycinum.	1
ERM 1997	120	Tall shrubland, low shrubland and shrubland with grass ~108 ha (85%) (1)	Not specified	Moderate	Low to moderate	Cratoxylum cochinchinense, Schefflera octophylla, Rhodomyrtus tomentosa and Melastoma sanguineum.	Nil
North Soko
ERM 1997	52	Tall shrubland, Tall shrub with grass, Low shrubland with grass 39 ha (75%) (1)	No information	Low to moderate	Low to moderate	Rhodomyrtus tomentosa, Breynia fruticosa, Phoenix hanceana, Phyllanthus emblica, Cratoxylum cochinchinense, Melastoma sanguineum, Sapium sebiferum and Rhaphiolepis indica, Schefflera octophylla.	1
Aerial photograph 2004a	52	Shrubland 42 ha (80%) (2)	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable
Shek Kwu Chau
ERM 1997	117	Tall shrubland, low shrubland and shrubland with grass 99 ha (>85%) (1)	No information	Moderate	Moderate	Rhus chinensis, Litsea glutinosa, Machilus velutina, Zanthoxylum avicennia, Gnetum montanum, Morinda umbellata, Rhodomyrtus tomentosa and Breynia fruticosa.	Nil
Aerial photograph 2004b	117	Shrubland 93.6 ha (>85%) (2)	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable
Sunshine Island
ERM 1997	53	Tall Shrubland, low shrubland with grass, and low shrub 40 ha (75%) (1)	No information	Low	Low	Psychotria rubra, Litsea rotundifolia, Melastoma sanguineum, Rhodomyrtus tomentosa, Schefflera octophylla, Litsea glutinosa, Sterculia lanceolata and Zanthoxyllum avicennia.	Nil
Aerial photograph 2004c	53	Shrublands 45 ha (85%) (2)	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable
Hei Ling Chau
Aerial photograph 2004	190	Shrubland 76 ha (40%) (2)	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable
Lamma Island
ERM 2004	79	Shrublands 49.5 ha (63%) (1)	74	Low to moderate	Low	Rhodomrytus tomentosa, Cratoxylum cochinchinense, Eurya nitida and Embelia laeta.	Nil
CUHK 1999	670	Tall shrubland and low shrub 29 ha (43%)	56	Moderate to high	Moderate to high	Psychotria rubra, litsea rotundifolia, Melastoma sanguineum, Rhodomrytus tomentosa, Schefflera octophylla, Litsea glutinosa and Sterculia lanceolata.	1
Tung Lung Chau
CUHK 1999	245	Tall shrubland, Low shrubland, Grassland with low shrub 171.5 ha (70%)	64	Low to moderate	Low to moderate	Psychotria rubra, Litsea rotundifolia, Melastoma sanguineum, Rhodomyrtus tomentosa, Schefflera octophylla, Litsea glutinosa and Sterculia lanceolata.	Nil
Po Toi
ERM 1998	373	Tall shrubland, shrubland, shrubland with grass 223ha (60%) (1)	179	Moderate	Low to moderate	Sterculia lanceolata, Cratoxylum cochinchinense, Machilus velutina, Dalbergia milliti, Rhodomrytus tomentosa, Rhaphiolepis indica and Smilax spp.	7
CUHK 1999	373	Tall shrubland and low shrubland 164 ha (44%) (1)	54	Moderate	Low	Sterculia lanceolata, Cratoxylum cochinchinense, Machilus velutina, Dalbergia millettii, Rhodomyrtus tomentosa, Rhaphiolepis indica and Smilax spp.	Nil
Green Island
BMT/ERM 1999	11	Shrubland 1ha (10%) (1)	128	High	High	Schefflera octophylla, Microcos paniculata, Mallotus paniculatus, Sterculia lanceolata, Desmos cochinchinensis, Psychotria rubra and Litsea rotundifolia	9
Little Green Island
BMT/ERM 1999	1.5	Shrubland 0.2ha (13%) (1)	93	High	High	Melastoma sanguineum, Rhodomrytus tomentosa, Raphiolepis indica and Litsea rotundifolia.	Nil
Chi Ma Wan Peninsula and Pui O
MCL 1999	384	Shrubland 126ha (33%)	127	Moderate to high	Moderate to high	Litsea rotundifolia, Rhodomyrtus tomentosa, Cratoxylum cochinchinense, Eurya nitida and Strophanthus divaricatus	5
Cheung Sha to Lung Tseng Tau
MAL 2001	601	Tall shrubland and shrubland and grassland mosaic 247ha (41%)	Not specified	Moderate	Moderate	Sapium discolor, Rhus chinensis, Mallotus paniculatus, Litsea rotundifolia, Raphiolepis indica, Embelia ribes, Dalbergia hancei, Dianella ensifolia, Baeckea fruticosa, Ilex asprella, Rhodomyrtus tomentosa and Dicranopteris linearis.	Nil
Tai O
ERM 2001	350	Shrubland and grassland mosaic ~ 105 ha (30%) (1)	Not specified	Low	Low	Not specified	Nil

Notes: (1) Area estimated from the habitat map presented in the report.

ERM 1997 - ERM (1997). Seabed Ecology Studies: Sokos Final Report CED.

Aerial photograph 2004a - Aerial photograph of North Soko Island at 8,000 feet dated 2^nd February 2004.

Aerial photograph 2004b - Aerial photograph of Shek Kwu Chau at 8,000 feet dated 2^nd February 2004.

Aerial photograph 2004c - Aerial photograph of Sunshine Island at 8,000 feet dated 2^nd February 2004.

Aerial photograph 2004c - Aerial photograph of Hei Ling Chau at 8,000 feet dated 2^nd February 2004.

CUHK 1999 – CUHK (1999). Feasibility Study of Lamma Island, Po Toi and Tung Lung Chau as Country Park.

ERM 1998 - ERM HK Ltd (1998d). Po Toi Island: Terrestrial Ecological Study for the Hongkong Electric Company Limited.

BMT/ERM 1999 - Babtie BMT (Hong Kong) Ltd (1999). Green Island Development EWQIA & MTIA Studies. Final Environmental and Water Quality Impact Assessment Report. For the Territory Development Department.

MCL 1999- Mott Cornell Ltd (1999). 132 KV Supply Circuit from Pui O via Chi Ma Wan Peninsula via Sea Crossing towards Cheung Chau. EIA Report.

MAL 2001-Moucel Asia Ltd (2001). Improvement to Tung Chung Road between Lung Tseng Tau and Cheung Sha. EIA Report.

ERM 2001- ERM HK Ltd (2001). Study on Revitalisation of Tai O for planning Department. Final report.

(2) Area estimated from the aerial photographs at 2004.

Table 2c Backshore Shrubland Recorded on South Soko in Comparison with Other Outlying Islands and South Lantau

Location ^(1)	Size of the Areas (ha)	Size and % Coverage of Backshore Shrubland	Number of Plant Species Record	Floristic Diversity	Structural Complexity	Dominant Plant Species	Number of Plant Species of Ecological/Conservation Interest
South Soko
Current Study	120	0.6ha (0.5%)	14	Low	Low	Thespesia populnea, Ipomoea brasiliensis, Pittosporum tobira and Cerbera manghas	Nil
Chi Ma Wan Peninsula and Pui O
MCL 1999	384	3.5 ha (1%)	24	Low to moderate	Moderate	Caesalpinia bonduc, Pandanus tectorius and Casuarina equisetifolia	Nil

Note: (1) Other outlying islands and south Lantau areas without the specified habitat are not shown in the table.

MCL 1999- Mott Cornell Ltd (1999). 132 KV Supply Circuit from Pui O via Chi Ma Wan Peninsula via Sea Crossing towards Cheung Chau. EIA Report.

.

Table 2d Grassland Recorded on South Soko in Comparison with Other Outlying Islands and South Lantau

Location^(3)	Size of the Areas (ha)	Size and % Coverage of Grassland	Number of Plant Species Record	Floristic Diversity	Structural Complexity	Dominant Plant Species	Number of Plant Species of Ecological/ Conservation Interest
South Soko
Current Study	120	2 ha (1.8%)	28	Low	Low	Digitaria sanquinalis, Ischaemum aristatum and Paspalum conjugatum	Nil
ERM 1997	120	4 ha (3 %) (1)	Not specified	Not specified	Not specified	Not specified	Nil
North Soko
ERM 1997	52	5 ha (10%) (1)	No information	Low	Low	Arundinella setosa, Ischaemum spp., and Neyraudia reynaudiana	Nil
Aerial photograph 2004	52	8 ha (15%) (2)	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable
Shek Kwu Chau
ERM 1997	117	6 ha (5%) (1)	No information	Low	Low	Arundinella setosa, Ischaemum spp., and Neyraudia reynaudiana	Nil
Aerial photograph 2004	117	6 ha (5%) (2)	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable
Sunshine Island
ERM 1997	53	11 ha (20%) (1)	No information	Low	Low	No information	Nil
Aerial photograph 2004	53	8 ha (15%) (2)	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable
Hei Ling Chau
Aerial photograph 2004	190	19 ha (10%) (2)	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable
Lamma Island
ERM 2004b	79	Shrubby grassland 8 ha (10 %)	25	Low	Low	Ischaemum aristatum and Eriachne pallescens	Nil
CUHK 1999	670	Grassland with lowshrub 230 ha (31%)	20	Low	Low	Ischaemum spp. and Rhodomyrtus tomentosa	Nil
Tung Lung Chau
CUHK 1999	245	46 ha (19%)	23	Low	Low	Axonopus compressus, Digitaria spp. and Eleusina indica	Nil
Po Toi
ERM 1998D	373	60 ha (15%)	Not specified	Low	Low	Arundinella nepalensis, Eulalia spp., Ischaemom spp. and Cymbopogon spp.	Nil
CUHK 1999	373	12 ha (3%)	22	Low	Low	Arundinella setosa, Ischaemum spp., and Neyraudia reynaudiana
Green Island
BMT/ERM 1999	11	6 ha (5%)	56	Moderate	Moderate	Embelia laeta, Cymbopogon sp.	4
Little Green Island
BMT/ERM 1999	1.5	0.1 ha (5%)	71	Moderate	Moderate	Embelia laeta, Cymbopogon sp.	4
Chi Ma Wan Peninsula and Pui O
MCL 1999	384	29 ha (7.6%)	56	Low	Low	Arundinella setosa, Ischaemum spp., Neyraudia reynaudiana, Axonopus compressus, Digitaria spp. and Eleusina indica	Nil
Cheung Sha to Lung Tseng Tau
MAL 2001	601	43.5 ha or 7.3%	Not specified	Low	Low	Arundinella setosa, Ischaemum sp. and Cymbopogon sp.	Nil

Notes: (1) Area estimated from the habitat map presented in the report.

ERM 1997 - ERM (1997). Seabed Ecology Studies: Sokos Final Report CED.

Aerial photograph 2004a - Aerial photograph of North Soko Island at 8,000 feet dated 2^nd February 2004.

Aerial photograph 2004b - Aerial photograph of Shek Kwu Chau at 8,000 feet dated 2^nd February 2004.

Aerial photograph 2004c - Aerial photograph of Sunshine Island at 8,000 feet dated 2^nd February 2004.

Aerial photograph 2004c - Aerial photograph of Hei Ling Chau at 8,000 feet dated 2^nd February 2004.

CUHK 1999 – CUHK (1999). Feasibility Study of Lamma Island, Po Toi and Tung Lung Chau as Country Park.

ERM 1998 - ERM HK Ltd (1998d). Po Toi Island: Terrestrial Ecological Study for the Hongkong Electric Company Limited.

BMT/ERM 1999 - Babtie BMT (Hong Kong) Ltd (1999). Green Island Development EWQIA & MTIA Studies. Final Environmental and Water Quality Impact Assessment Report. For the Territory Development Department.

MCL 1999- Mott Cornell Ltd (1999). 132 KV Supply Circuit from Pui O via Chi Ma Wan Peninsula via Sea Crossing towards Cheung Chau. EIA Report.

MAL 2001-Moucel Asia Ltd (2001). Improvement to Tung Chung Road between Lung Tseng Tau and Cheung Sha. EIA Report.

ERM 2001- ERM HK Ltd (2001). Study on Revitalisation of Tai O for planning Department. Final report.

(2) Area estimated from the aerial photographs at 2004.

(3) Other outlying islands and south Lantau areas without the specified habitat are not shown in the table.

Table 2e Abandoned Wet Agricultural Land Recorded on South Soko in Comparison with Other Outlying Islands and South Lantau

Location ^(2)	Size of the Areas (ha)	Size and % Coverage of Abandoned Wet Agricultural Land	Number of Plant Species Recorded	Floristic Diversity	Structural Complexity	Dominant Plant Species	Number of Plant Species of Ecological/Conservation Interest
South Soko
Current Study	120	1.1 ha (0.9%)	37	Low	Low	Phragmites communis and Polygonum sp.	Nil
Chi Ma Wan Peninsula and Pui O
MCL 1999	384	29 ha (7.6%)	52	High	Moderate	Bacopa monnieri, Sacciolepis indica, Isachne globosa, Rotala indica and Chrysopogon aciculatus	4
Cheung Sha to Lung Tsung Tau
MAL 2001	601	1 ha (0.2%)	Not specified	Moderate	Moderate	Panicum typheron, Digitaria sp., Cyperus sp., Panicum typheron, Digitaria sp. and Cyperus sp., Ludwigia adscendens, Mikania micrantha and Ipomoea sp.	Nil
Tai O
ERM 2001	350	17.5 ha (5%) (1)	Not specified	Moderate to high	Moderate	Not specified	Nil

Notes: (1) Areas estimated from the habitat map presented in the report.

MCL 1999- Mott Cornell Ltd (1999). 132 KV Supply Circuit from Pui O via Chi Ma Wan Peninsula via Sea Crossing towards Cheung Chau. EIA Report.

MAL 2001-Moucel Asia Ltd (2001). Improvement to Tung Chung Road between Lung Tseng Tau and Cheung Sha. EIA Report.

ERM 2001- ERM HK Ltd (2001). Study on Revitalisation of Tai O for planning Department. Final report.

(2) Other outlying islands and south Lantau areas without the specified habitat are not shown in the table.

Table 2f Abandoned Dry Agricultural Land Recorded on South Soko in Comparison with Other Outlying Islands and South Lantau

Location (2)	Size of the Areas (ha)	Size and % Coverage of Abandoned Dry Agricultural Land	Number of plant Species Record	Floristic Diversity	Structural Complexity	Dominant Plant Species	Number of Plant Species of Ecological/Conservation Interest
South Soko
Current Study	120	0.5 ha (0.4%)	27	Low	Low	Mikania micrantha, Paederia scandens and Wedelia chinensis	Nil
ERM 1997	120	1.2 ha (1%) (1)	Not specified	Not specified	Not specified	Not specified	Not specified
North Soko
ERM 1997	52	0.3 ha (5%) (1)	Not specified	Not specified	Not specified	Not specified	Not specified
Lamma Island
CUHK 1999	670	33.5 ha (5%)	No information	No information	No information	No information	No information
Chi Ma Wan Peninsula and Pui O
MAL 2001	384	12 ha (3%)	16	Low	Low	Ipomoea batatas, Lactuca sativa, Clausena lansium, and Dimocarpus longan	Nil

Notes: (1) Area estimated from the habitat map presented in the report.

ERM 1997 - ERM (1997). Seabed Ecology Studies: Sokos Final Report CED.

CUHK 1999 – CUHK (1999). Feasibility Study of Lamma Island, Po Toi and Tung Lung Chau as Country Park.

MAL 2001-Moucel Asia Ltd (2001). Improvement to Tung Chung Road between Lung Tseng Tau and Cheung Sha. EIA Report.

(2) Other outlying islands and south Lantau areas without the specified habitat are not shown in the table.

Table 2g Streams Recorded on South Soko in Comparison with Other Outlying Islands and South Lantau

Location (1)	Size of the Areas (ha)		Number of Streams and Length (Km)	Seasonal or Permanent		Floristic Diversity	Natural or Artificial	Abundance of Stream Fauna	Number of Species of Ecological/Conservation Interests
South Soko
Current Study	120		2 streams Length: 0.09 km	Both seasonal		Low to moderate	Mostly natural	Nil	Nil
Lamma Island
ERM 2004b	79		4 streams Length: 1.1 Km	Seasonal		Low to moderate	Partially disturbed	Low, Low to moderate and High	1 (Romer’s Tree Frog tadpole)
Tung Lung Chau
CUHK 1999	245		1 stream Length: short length	Seasonal	Low		Partially disturbed	No information	No information
Po Toi
ERM 1998	373	1 stream Length: not provided		Seasonal	Low		Natural	Low	1 (Romer’s Tree Frog tadpoles)
Chi Ma Wan Peninsula and Pui O
MCL 1999	384		4 streams Length: not provided	Seasonal and permanent		Low to moderate	Mostly natural	High	Parazacco spilurus, Atyid shrimps Caridina apodosis and Caridina serrata
Cheung Sha to Lung Tseng Tau
MCL 2003	601		~ 40 streams Length: generally excess 0.5 Km in length	Seasonal and permanent		High	Mostly natural	High	Romer’s Tree Frog, Short-legged Toad, Rice Fish and Lesser Spiny Frog, Beijiang Thick-lipped Barb, Black-headed Thick-lipped Goby and Philippine Neon Goby.
Tai O
ERM 2001	350		1 stream Length: long than 0.5 Km	Permanent		Not specified	Mostly natural	Low to moderate	Nil

Note: (1) Other outlying islands and south Lantau areas without the specified habitat are not shown in the table.

ERM 1997 - ERM (1997). Seabed Ecology Studies: Sokos Final Report CED.

CUHK 1999 – CUHK (1999). Feasibility Study of Lamma Island, Po Toi and Tung Lung Chau as Country Park.

ERM 1998 - ERM HK Ltd (1998d). Po Toi Island: Terrestrial Ecological Study for the Hongkong Electric Company Limited.

BMT/ERM 1999 - Babtie BMT (Hong Kong) Ltd (1999). Green Island Development EWQIA & MTIA Studies. Final Environmental and Water Quality Impact Assessment Report. For the Territory Development Department.

MCL 1999- Mott Cornell Ltd (1999). 132 KV Supply Circuit from Pui O via Chi Ma Wan Peninsula via Sea Crossing towards Cheung Chau. EIA Report.

MAL 2001-Moucel Asia Ltd (2001). Improvement to Tung Chung Road between Lung Tseng Tau and Cheung Sha. EIA Report.

ERM 2001- ERM HK Ltd (2001). Study on Revitalisation of Tai O for planning Department. Final report.

ERM 2004-ERM HK Ltd (2004). Renewable Energy by a Wind Turbine System on Lamma Island: Final Environmental Impact Assessment for the Hongkong Electric Company Limited. Final Report

Table 2h Abandoned Reservoir Recorded on South Soko in Comparison with Other Outlying Islands and South Lantau

Location (1)	Size of the Areas (ha)	Size and % Coverage of Pond	Number of Plant Species Recorded	Floristic and Faunal Diversity	Structural Complexity	Dominant Plant Species	Number of Plant Species of Ecological/Conservation Interest
South Soko
Current Study	120	0.2 ha (0.2%)	7	Low	Low	Polygonum sp., and Pistia stratiotes	Nil
Tai O
ERM 2001	350	7 ha (~ 2%)	Not specified, fringed with mangrove trees.	Low	Low	Not specified	Nil

Note: (1) Other outlying islands and south Lantau areas without the specified habitat are not shown in the table.

ERM 2001- ERM HK Ltd (2001). Study on Revitalisation of Tai O for planning Department. Final report.

Table 2i Disturbed Area Recorded on South Soko in Comparison with Other Outlying Islands and South Lantau

Location ^(3)	Size of the Areas (ha)	Size and % Coverage of Disturbed Area		Number of Plant Species Recorded	Components of Disturbed Area	Floristic Diversity	Dominant Plant Species	Number of Plant Species of Ecological/Conservation Interest
South Soko
Current Study	120	7.2 ha (6%)		41	Concrete path, helicopter landsite, pier and abandoned houses.	Low	Araucaria heterophylla and Acalypha wilkeesiana	Nil
ERM 1997	120	6 ha (5%) (1)		No information	Detention Centre, artificial shore and abandoned villages.	Low	No information	Nil
North Soko
ERM 1997	52	0.5 ha (1%) (1)		No information	Village houses	Low	No information	Nil
Shek Kwu Chau
ERM 1997	117	5.9 ha (5%) (1)		No information	Village houses and pier.	No information	No information	Nil
Hei Ling Chau
Aerial photograph 2004	190	19 ha (10%) (2)		Not applicable	Village houses, pier and concrete paths.	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable
Lamma Island
ERM 2004	79	3.9 ha (0.05%) (1)		25	Village houses and concrete path.	Low	Michelia alba and Ficus microcarpa.	Nil
CUHK 1999	670	67 ha (10%)		18	Electric power station, Village houses, pier and concrete paths.	Low	Michelia alba and Ficus microcarpa.	Nil
Tung Lung Chau
CUHK 1999	245	2.5 ha (< 1 %)		No Information	Village houses, concrete path, hiking trails and radar station.	Low	Mikania micrantha, Ipomoea cairica and Lantana camara,	Nil
Po Toi
CUHK 1999	373	3.7 ha (< 1%)		No information	Village house, concreted and hiking trails.	Low	No information	Nil
Green Island
BMT/ERM 1999	11	1 ha (< 1%)		No information	Government houses.	No information	No information	No information
Little Green Island
BMT/ERM 1999	1.5	0.2 ha (< 1%)		No information	Abandoned village house.	No information	No information	No information
Chi Ma Wan Peninsula and Pui O
MCL 1999	384	115 ha (30%)		50	Village houses, concrete roads, and buildings.	Low	Acacia confusa, Mikania micrantha, Ipomoea cairica, Lantana camara, and Eupatorium catarium		Nil
Cheung Sha to Lung Tseng Tau
MCL 2003	601	23 ha (3.9 %)	No information		Village house, services drainage and Roads.	Low	No information		Nil
Tai O
ERM 2001	350	<17 ha (5%)	No information		Village houses, concrete roads and buildings.	Low	No information		Nil

Notes: (1) Area estimated from the habitat map presented in the report.

ERM 1997 - ERM (1997). Seabed Ecology Studies: Sokos Final Report CED.

Aerial photograph 2004 - Aerial photograph of Hei Ling Chau at 8,000 feet dated 2^nd February 2004.

CUHK 1999 – CUHK (1999). Feasibility Study of Lamma Island, Po Toi and Tung Lung Chau as Country Park.

ERM 1998 - ERM HK Ltd (1998d). Po Toi Island: Terrestrial Ecological Study for the Hongkong Electric Company Limited.

BMT/ERM 1999 - Babtie BMT (Hong Kong) Ltd (1999). Green Island Development EWQIA & MTIA Studies. Final Environmental and Water Quality Impact Assessment Report. For the Territory Development Department.

MCL 1999- Mott Cornell Ltd (1999). 132 KV Supply Circuit from Pui O via Chi Ma Wan Peninsula via Sea Crossing towards Cheung Chau. EIA Report.

MAL 2001-Moucel Asia Ltd (2001). Improvement to Tung Chung Road between Lung Tseng Tau and Cheung Sha. EIA Report.

ERM 2001- ERM HK Ltd (2001). Study on Revitalisation of Tai O for planning Department. Final report.

ERM 2004-ERM HK Ltd (2004). Renewable Energy by a Wind Turbine System on Lamma Island: Final Environmental Impact Assessment for the Hongkong Electric Company Limited. Final Report

(2) Area estimated from the aerial photographs at 2004.

(3) Other outlying islands and south Lantau areas without the specified habitat are not shown in the table.

Table 3 Bird Species Recorded within the Study Area of South Soko

Common Name	Species Name	Habitat (Dry Season)	Habitat (Wet Season)	Common-ness	Status
Artic Warbler	Phylloscopus borealis		P, R	U	PM
Asian Brown Flycatcher	Muscicapa dauurica		P, AW	U	PM &WV
Asian Stubtail Warbler	Urosphena squameiceps	P		U	WV
Barn Swallow	Hirundo rustica	Sh, P	W, G, Sh, P	CW	SV, PM
Black Drongo	Dicrurus macrocercus	D	G, R, Sh, W	CW	SV
Black Kite	Milvus migrans	Sh, P, AW, S, R, G, SS	W, D, R, Sh, P, G, S, SS	CW	R
Black-faced Bunting	Emberiza spodocephala	P		CW	WV
Black-naped Tern	Sterna sumatrana		(Sea)	R	SV
Blue Rock Thrush	Monticola solitarius	R, RS, D, Sh	Sh	U	R
Blue Whistling Thrush	Myophonus caeruleus	P		CW	R
Broad-billed Roller	Eurystomus orientalis		R	R	PM
Brown Shrike	Lanius cristatus		P	CW	PM
Brownish-flanked Bush Warbler	Cettia fortipes	S		R	PM &WV
Chestnut Bulbul	Hypsipetes castanonotus	P, R		R	R
Chinese Bulbul	Pycnonotus sinensis	W, S, Sh, P, SS, AW	AW, R, Sh, SS, P, S	CW	R
Chinese Pond Heron	Ardeola bacchus		AW, R	CW	R
Common Black Bird	Turdus merula	P		U	WV
Common Buzzard	Buteo buteo	D, G		U	WV
Common Kingfisher	Alcedo atthis	R, RS	R, AW, SS	CW	R
Common Magpie	Pica pica	SS, AW, R, G, P	P, AW, SS, R	CW	R
Common Sandpiper	Actitis hypoleucos		RS	CW	PM, WV
Common Tailorbird	Orthotomus sutorius	W, Sh, P, S, R	Sh, P, AW	CW	R
Crested Goshawk	Accipiter trivirgatus	S		R	R
Crested Myna	Acridotheres cristatellus	W, D, RS, Sh, SS, P, AW	D, RS, Sh, SS, P, S	CW	R
Crested Serpent Eagle	Spilornis cheela		Sh	R	R
Daurian Redstart	Phoenicurus auroreus	Sh, P, G	W, P, Sh, S, R, AW	U	WV
Dollarbird	Eurystomus orientalis		SS, R	R	PM
Dusky Warbler	Phylloscopus fuscatus	Sh, P, AW		U	WV
Eurasian Hobby	Falco subbuteo	D, W		R	PM
Eurasian Woodcock	Scolopax rusticola		AW (Night Survey)	R	WV
Fan-tailed Warbler	Cisticola juncidis		Sh, G	U	PM &WV
Great Frigatebird	Fregata minor		(soar high in sky)	VR	Uncertain (SV?)
Greater Coucal	Centropus sinensis	D, Sh, SS, P	Sh, P, AW	CW	R
Grey Wagtail	Motacilla cinerea		SS	CW	WV
Grey-backed Thrush	Turdus hortulorum	P, S		U	WV
Grey-streaked Flycatcher	Muscicapa griseisticta		P	R	PM
Grey-tailed Tattler	Heteroscelus brevipes		SS	R	PM
Hair-crested Drongo	Dicrurus hottentottus		D	R	SV
Indian Cuckoo	Cuculus micropterus		P	U	SV
Japanese Bush Warbler	Cettia diphone	P, S		U	WV
Japanese Thrush	Turdus cardis	P		R	WV
Japanese White-eye	Zosterops japonicus	W, Sh, P, AW, R	P, S, AW	CW	R
Large-billed Crow	Corvus macrorhynchos	D, G, Sh, SS, P, R	W, Sh, P, SS, D	CW	R
Little Egret	Egretta garzetta		SS	CW	R &WV
Little Swift	Apus affinis	Sh	P	CW	R, PM
Long-tailed Shrike	Lanius schach	W, D, Sh, P, AW, G, R	W, G, Sh, P, AW	CW	R
Olive-backed Pipit	Anthus hodgsoni	Sh, P	P	CW	WV
Oriental Reed Warbler	Acrocephalus orientalis	AW		U	PM
Oriental Turtle Dove	Streptopelia orientalis	Sh, P		CW	PM, WV
Osprey	Pandion haliaetus		D	U	R
Pacific Reef Egret	Egretta sacra	RS, SS	RS, SS	U	R
Pale-legged Leaf Warbler	Phylloscopus tenellipes		P	R	PM
Pallas' Warbler	Phylloscopus proregulus	P, S		U	PM & WV
Peregrine Falcon	Falco peregrinus		RS	R	R
Pintail / Swinhoe's Snipe	Gallinago stenuramegala	AW	AW	R	PM, WV
Red-flanked Blue-tail	Tarsiger cyanurus	P		U	WV
Red-whiskered Bulbul	Pycnonotus jocosus	AW, Sh, P	Sh, P, AW, R	CW	R
Reef Egret	Egretta sacra	D		R	R
Richard’s Pipit	Anthus richardi	D, G		CW	R, PM, WV
Rufous Turtle Dove	Streptopelia orientalis	S, R, P		CW	WV
Rufous-tailed Robin	Luscinia sibilans	P		R	WV
Savanna Nightjar	Caprimulgus affinis		P (Night Survey)	R	R
Scaly Thrush	Zoothera dauma	D, S		R	WV
Scarlet-backed Flowerpecker	Dicaeum cruentatum		P, AW	R	R
Siberian Stonechat	Saxicola maurus		W	CW	WV
Spotted Dove	Streptopelia chinensis	D, S, Sh, P, AW	W, Sh, SS, P, AW	CW	R
White Wagtail	Motacilla alba	RS, SS, AW	D, SS, R, G	CW	WV
White-bellied Sea Eagle	Haliaeetus leucogaster	R, Sh, P	P, SS	U	R
White-backed Munia	Loncchura striata	P		CW	R
White-breasted Waterhen	Amaurornis phoenicurus		AW, D	CW	R
White-rumped Munia	Lonchura striata	P	S, R	U	R
White-shouldered Starling	Sturnus sinensis		W
White-throated Kingfisher	Halcyon smyrnensis	AW, R, P, SS	R, P	CW	R
Yellow-bellied Prinia	Prinia flaviventris	Sh, P	Sh, P	CW	R
Yellow-browed Warbler	Phylloscopus inornatus	P, Sh, S, AW, R	P	CW	WV
Number of Species Recorded		49	53

Habitats: D = disturbed area, G = grassland, AW = abandoned wet agricultural land, R = abandoned reservoir, RS = rocky shore, S = stream, Sh = shrubland, SS = sandy shore, P = plantation, W = secondary woodland. Commonness: CW = common and widespread, U = uncommon and localised, R = rare and localized, VR = very rare. Status: PM-Passage migrant, R-Resident, SV-Summer visitor, WV-Winter visitor.

Commonness and status of birds are reference to C Viney, Karen Philipps and Lam Chiu Ying (1993) Birds of Hkng Kong and South China.

Table 4 Bird Species Recorded Within the Study Area of South Soko

Common Name	Species Name	Secondary Woodland			Disturbed Area			Grassland			Abandoned Wet Agricultural Land			Abandoned Reservoir			Stream			Shrubland			Plantation
		Dry	Wet	All	Dry	Wet	All	Dry	Wet	All	Dry	Wet	All	Dry	Wet	All	Dry	Wet	All	Dry	Wet	All	Dry	Wet	All
Artic Warbler	Phylloscopus borealis																							2	2
Asian Brown Flycatcher	Muscicapa dauurica											1	1											3	3
Barn Swallow	Hirundo rustica		1	1					2	2					1	1								1	1
Black Drongo	Dicrurus macrocercus				1		1		1	1					9	9					7	7		11	11
Black-faced Bunting	Emberiza spodocephala																						1		1
Black Kite	Milvus migrans	1		1	1		1	1	3	4		4	4	1	3	4		1	1	3	3	6	2		2
Blue Rock Thrush	Monticola solitarius				2		2														1	1
Blue Whistling Thrush	Myophonus caeruleus																						1		1
Broad-billed Roller	Eurystomus orientalis														1	1
Brownish-flanked Bush Warbler	Cettia fortipes																1		1
Chestnut Bulbul	Hypsipetes castanonotus													13		13							2		2
Chinese Bulbul	Pycnonotus sinensis	2		2	1		1		1	1	9	15	24		2	2	7	4	11	29	3	32	27	15	42
Common Black Bird	Turdus merula																						1		1
Common Buzzard	Buteo buteo	1		1	1		1	1		1				1		1
Common Kingfisher	Alcedo atthis											2	2	5	4	9
Common Magpie	Pica pica				1		1				1	1	2	1	1	2
Common Tailorbird	Orthotomus sutorius		1	1								1	1	1		1	1		1	1	2	3	1	3	4
Crested Goshawk	Accipiter trivirgatus																1		1
Crested Myna	Acridotheres cristatellus		3	3	234	2	236		2	2	9	6	15		2	2		14	14	62	12	74	15	31	46
Daurian Redstart	Phoenicurus auroreus		1	1				1		1		1	1		1	1					1	1	2	1	3
Dusky Warbler	Phylloscopus fuscatus										1		1										1		1
Fan-tailed Warbler	Cisticola juncidis								2	2											2	2
Greater Coucal	Centropus sinensis											5	5	1		1				3		3	1	2	3
Grey Wagtail	Motacilla cinerea					1	1								1	1
Grey-backed Thrush	Turdus hortulorum																1		1				7		7
Hair-crested Drongo	Dicrurus hottentottus					1	1
Indian Cuckoo	Cuculus micropterus																							1	1
Japanese Bush Warbler	Cettia diphone																2		2				1		1
Japanese Thrush	Turdus cardis																						2		2
Japanese White-eye	Zosterops japonicus										8	1	9	3		3		2	2	19		19	23	9	32
Large-billed Crow	Corvus macrorhynchos		2	2	2	1	3	2		2				2		2				1		1	1	2	3
Little Egret*	Egretta garzetta
Long-tailed Shrike	Lanius schach	2	2	4	2		2		1	1	2	1	3	1		1	1		1	6	1	7	4	5	9
Olive-backed Pipit	Anthus hodgsoni																						2		2
Oriental Reed Warbler	Acrocephalus orientalis										1		1
Oriental Turtle Dove	Streptopelia orientalis																						3		3
Osprey	Pandion haliaetus														1	1
Pale-legged Leaf Warbler	Phylloscopus tenellipes					1	1
Pallas' Warbler	Phylloscopus proregulus																						2		2
Pintail / Swinhoe's Snipe	Gallinago stenura / megala											1	1				3		3
Red-flanked Blue-tail	Tarsiger cyanurus																						3		3
Red-whiskered Bulbul	Pycnonotus jocosus										1	2	3		2	2				2		2	2	2	4
Richard’s Pipit	Anthus richardi				2		2	4	1	5
Rufous Turtle Dove	Streptopelia orientalis													1		1	1		1				2		2
Scaly Thrush	Zoothera dauma
Scarlet-backed Flowerpecker	Dicaeum cruentatum											2	2											1	1
Siberian Stonechat	Saxicola maurus		1	1
Spotted Dove	Streptopelia chinensis		1	1					2	2	1	2	3				1		1	1		1	2	1	3
White Wagtail	Motacilla alba								1	1	1		1		1	1
White-backed Munia	Loncchura striata													1	1	2		2	2				1		1
White-bellied Sea Eagle	Haliaeetus leucogaster													1		1								1	1
White-breasted Waterhen	Amaurornis phoenicurus													1		1
White-shouldered Starling	Sturnus sinensis		2	2
Yellow-bellied Prinia	Prinia flaviventris										1		1							3		3		2	2
Yellow-browed Warbler	Phylloscopus inornatus										4		4	2		2	1		1	2		2	10		10
	Total Species	4	10	12	10	5	13	5	10	13	12	16	21	15	15	26	11	5	15	12	9	16	26	18	34
	Total number of bird	6	14	20	247	6	253	9	16	25	39	46	85	35	31	66	20	23	43	132	35	167	119	93	213

* bird species recorded qualitatively within the Study Area, but outside the point count location.

Table 5 Bird Species Recorded on South Soko in Comparison with Other Outlying Islands and South Lantau

Location (1)	Size of Study Area (ha)	Habitats Recorded within the Study Area	Survey Effort	Number of Species Record	Total Number of Individuals Recorded	Number of Species of Ecological/Conservation Interest
South Soko
Current study	120	Secondary woodland, plantation, shrubland, grassland, abandoned wet agricultural land, stream, disturbed area, abandoned reservoir, abandoned dry agricultural land and backshore vegetation.	6 days in dry season and 6 days in wet season (Feb - Jul 2004, September 2005 – January 2006).	Total: 75 Secodnary woodland (20), Plantation (34), Shrubland (16), grassland (13), Abandoned wet agricultural land (21), stream (16), disturbed area (13) and abandoned reservoir (26).	868	Total: 11 Secondary woodland (2), Plantation (1), shrubland (3), Grassland (2), abandoned wet agricultural land (4), abandoned reservoir (1) and rock and boulder (3).
ERM 1997	120	Woodland, tall shrub, low shrub, urban area, bare soil, grassland, other wetland, abandoned cultivation, tall shrub with grass, Building mixed with cultivation and inland water.	No details on survey effort available.	Total: 12	> 30	Total: 2 (Habitat not mentioned).
North Soko
ERM 1997	52	Grassland, low scrub with grass, plantation woodland, tall shrub, bare soil, low scrub, urban area, abandoned cultivation, woodland and tall scrub with grass.	No details on survey effort available.	Total: 21	No information	Total: 2 (Habitat not specified).
Shek Kwu Chau
ERM 1997	117	Plantation woodland, tall shrub, bare soil, low shrub, urban area, abandoned cultivation, tall shrub with grass, building mixed with cultivation, abandoned cultivation and woodland, and inland water.	No details on survey effort available.	Total: 24	No information	Total: 1 (Habitat not specified).
Sunshine Island
ERM 1997	53	Grassland, low shrub with grass, plantation woodland, tall shrub, bare soil and low shrub.	No details on survey effort available.	Total: 5	No information	Nil
Hei Ling Chau
Aerial photograph 2004	190	Woodland, tall shrubland, low shrubland, grassland, backshore shrubland, and plantation.	No details on survey effort available.	No information	No information	No information
Lamma Island
ERM 2004b	79	Secondary woodland, shrubland, shrubby grassland, natural and modified stream, village/developed area.	6 days and 2 night surveys in wet season (May – Jun 2004).	Total: 38 Secondary woodland (30), shrubland (19) and shrubby grassland (18).	578	Total: 3 Secondary woodland (1), Shrubland (1) and soaring in the sky (2).
CUHK 1999	670	Abandoned cultivation land, bareland, grassland, grassland with bareland, grassland with low shrub, grassland /low shrub/bareland, low shrubland, human settlement and woodland.	One day in July 1999 of the wet season.	Total: 10 Urban area (5), water bodies (5), tall shrub (5), woodland (6), and grassland (1).	57	Nil recorded in the survey, but at least 14 in the literature review. (Habitat not specified).
Tung Lung Chau
CUHK 1999	245	Woodland, tall shrubland, low shrubland, grassland, bareland, human settlement, grassland with low shrubland, low shrubland with bareland, grassland with bareland, and grassland/low shrubland/bareland.	One day in June 1999 of the wet season.	Total: 11 Woodland (2), tall shrubland (5), cultivated land (4) and sandy shore (6).	67	Nil recorded in the survey but at least 3 in the literature review.
Po Toi
ERM 1998D	373	Bare soil grassland, land shrub, land shrub with grass, tall shrub, tall shrub with grass, woodland, rural area (building and developed area)	Twice per month in a year (total 24 survey days covering wet and dry seasons)	Total: 123 Scrubland (27), woodland (20), and coastal areas (6). Other habitat not specified.	No information	Total: 27 Coastal areas (2), Fung shui forest (1)
CUHK 1999	373	Woodland, tall shrubland, low shrubland, grassland, bareland, human settlement, grassland with low shrubs, low shrubland with bareland, grassland/low shrubland/bareland and others.	One day in July 1998 of the wet season	Total: 7 Woodland (5), Estuary (4), tall shrubland (3) and grassland with bareland (1)	54	Nil
Green Island
BMT/ERM 2000	11	Woodland, shrubland, grassland and human settlement.	10 survey days (Jul 1999 – May 2000) covering both wet and dry season.	Total: 75	Not specified	Total: 8
Little Green Island
BMT/ERM 2000	1.5	Woodland, shrubland, grassland and human settlement.	10 survey days (July 1999 - May 2000) covering both wet and dry season.	Total: 25	Not specified	Total: 5
Chi Ma Wan Peninsula and Pui O
MCL 1999	384	Forest, tall shrubland, shrubland and grass mixture, wetland, farmland, abandoned farmland, rocky shore, sandy beach, backshore shrubland, mangrove, brackish mudflat, plantation, wasteland, stream and village area.	3 days in dry season (Oct– Dec 1998)	Total: 47 Wetland (9), mangrove (8), Brackish mudflat (9), stream (2), shrubland and grassland mixture (6), tall shrub (5), rocky shore (1) and forest (14).	188	Total: 5 Wetland (2), Sandy beach (1), Tall shrub (1) and Estuary (1).
Cheung Sha to Lung Tseng Tau
MAL 2001	601	Secondary woodland, Plantation woodland, Tall shrubland, Shrubland-grassland mosaic, Grassland, Stream and riparian, Agricultural land, Wasteland, Freshwater marsh (Fong Yuen) and Village area	10 days and 4 nights survey covering both wet and dry season (May 2000 – Jan 2001).	Total: 46	Not quantified	Total: 5 (Habitat not specified).

Note: (1) Other outlying islands and south Lantau areas without the specified habitat are not shown in the table.

ERM 2004-ERM HK Ltd (2004). Renewable Energy by a Wind Turbine System on Lamma Island: Final Environmental Impact Assessment for the Hongkong Electric Company Limited. Final Report

ERM 1997 - ERM (1997). Seabed Ecology Studies: Sokos Final Report CED.

Aerial photograph 2004c - Aerial photograph of Hei Ling Chau at 8,000 feet dated 2^nd February 2004.

CUHK 1999 – CUHK (1999). Feasibility Study of Lamma Island, Po Toi and Tung Lung Chau as Country Park.

ERM 1998 - ERM HK Ltd (1998d). Po Toi Island: Terrestrial Ecological Study for the Hongkong Electric Company Limited.

BMT/ERM 1999 - Babtie BMT (Hong Kong) Ltd (1999). Green Island Development EWQIA & MTIA Studies. Final Environmental and Water Quality Impact Assessment Report. For the Territory Development Department.

MCL 1999- Mott Cornell Ltd (1999). 132 KV Supply Circuit from Pui O via Chi Ma Wan Peninsula via Sea Crossing towards Cheung Chau. EIA Report.

MAL 2001-Moucel Asia Ltd (2001). Improvement to Tung Chung Road between Lung Tseng Tau and Cheung Sha. EIA Report.

ERM 2001- ERM HK Ltd (2001). Study on Revitalisation of Tai O for planning Department. Final report.

Table 6a Butterfly Species and Their Abundance Recorded During Point Count at South Soko in Dry Season

Common Names	Species Name	W	P	Sh	G	D	AD	R	AW	St	Commonness
Papilionidae
Common Mormon	Papilio polytes		1				1				VC
Pieridae
Common Grass Yellow	Eurema hecabe		1				1	1	1		VC
Lycaenidae
Lime Blue	Chilades lajus		1		1			1			VC
Plum Judy	Abisara echerius		1	6				1			VC
Punchinello	Zemeros flegyas		1						1		C
Nymphalidae
Common Evening Brown	Melanitis leda		2								C
Common Sailor	Neptis hylas		4				2		2		VC
Dark Brand Bush Brown	Mycalesis mineus							1			VC
Rustic	Cupha erymanthis		1						1		VC
Straight Five-ring	Ypthima lisandra			1							C
Total butterflies		0	12	7	1	0	4	4	5	0
Total species		0	8	2	1	0	3	4	4	0

Habitat: AW = abandoned wet agricultural land, W = secondary woodland, P= plantation, Sh = shrubland, R = abandoned reservoir, D = disturbed area, AD = abandoned dry agricultural land, St = stream. Commonness: VC = very common, C = common, UC = uncommon, R =rare. Commonness of butterflies is reference to Yiu V (2004). Field Guide to the butterflies of Hong Kong.

Table 6b Butterfly Species and Their Abundance Recorded During Point Count at South Soko in Wet Season

Common Name	Species Name	W	P	Sh	G	D	AD	R	AW	St	Commonness
Hesperiidae
Chestnut Angle	Odontoptilum angulatum	2	1								C
Banded Awl	Hasora chromus							2	2		UC
Bush Hopper	Ampittia dioscorides								3		UC
Forest Hopper	Astictopterus jama		1								C
Formosan Swift	Borbo cinnara								1		UC
Indian Palm Bob	Suastus gremius				1						UC
Oriental Straight Swift	Parnara bada							2			C
Greenish Palm Dart	Telicota ancilla								2		C
Papilionidae
Chinese Peacock	Papilio bianor			2							VC
Common Bluebottle	Graphium sarpedon		1	2				4	1		VC
Common Mime	Chilasa clytia		1	2					1		C
Common Mormon	Papilio polytes	2	5	2	1		1	11	6		VC
Five-bar Swordtail	Pathysa antiphates		1								C
Great Mormon	Papilio memnon		17						5		VC
Lime Butterfly	Papilio demoleus		1	3			1				C
Paris Peacock	Papilio paris		3					1	2		VC
Red Helen	Papilio helenus	2	6								VC
Spangle	Papilio protenor		4				1	1			VC
Pieridae
Common Grass Yellow	Eurema hecabe		10	6	1		1	8	7	2	VC
Common Gull	Cepora nerissa		3				1	2	1		C
Indian Cabbage White	Pieris canidia		2					2			VC
Lemon Migrant	Catopsilia pomona		2					1	1		C
Mottled Emigrant	Catopsilia pyranthe			1							C
Red-based Jezebel	Delias pasithoe			3			1				VC
Three-spot Grass Yellow	Eurema blanda		1								UC
Yellow Orange Tip	Ixias pyrene							1			C
Lycaenidae
Dark Grass Blue	Zizeeria karsandra			2							R
Lime Blue	Chilades lajus		7	2		1	1		3		VC
Long-banded Silverline	Spindasis lohita							5			UC
Pale Grass Blue	Zizeeria maha		13					4	11		VC
Plain Cupid	Chilades pandava								1		UC
Plum Judy	Abisara echerius		3	3			1	4	2		VC
Punchinello	Zemeros flegyas		2	3						1	C
Nymphalidae
Blue Pansy	Junonia orithya					1					UC
Blue Tiger	Tirumala limniace		2	3				3	1		C
Blue-spotted Crow	Euploea midamus		3	1				5			VC
Ceylon Blue Glassy Tiger	Ideopsis similis		1	1							VC
Common Crow	Euploea core			1							VC
Common Duffer	Discophora sondaica		1								C
Common Five Ring	Ypthima baldus		1	1				2			VC
Common Jester	Symbrenthia lilaea							1			C
Common Lascar	Pantoporia hordonia		1								VC
Common Nawab	Polyura athamas		1								UC
Common Sailor	Neptis hylas		7	1				4	4		VC
Dark Brand Bush Brown	Mycalesis mineus							1	4		VC
Glassy Tiger	Parantica aglea		2				1		1		VC
Great Eggfly	Hypolimnas bolina								1		C
Indian Fritillary	Argyreus hyperbius				1						UC
Large Faun	Faunis eumeus	2									VC
Mapwing	Cyrestis thyodamas		2				1				C
Peacock Pansy	Junonia almana								5		C
Rustic	Cupha erymanthis	1	15					5	3		VC
Staff Sergeant	Athyma selenophora		1								C
Straight Five-ring	Ypthima lisandra			4		2		1			C
Striped Blue Crow	Euploea mulciber	1	1	1							UC
White Commodore	Parasarpa dudu		1								UC
Yellow Pansy	Junonia hierta		1				2		1		UC
Total butterflies		10	124	44	4	4	12	70	69	3
Total species		6	35	20	4	3	11	22	24	2

Habitat: AW = abandoned wet agricultural land, W = secondary woodland, P = plantation, Sh = shrubland, R = abandoned reservoir, D = disturbed area, AD = abandoned dry agricultural land, St = stream. Commonness: VC = very common, C = common, UC = uncommon, R =rare. Commonness of butterflies is reference to Yiu V (2004). Field Guide to the butterflies of Hong Kong.

Table 6c Butterfly Species Recorded at South Soko

Common Names		Species Name	Habitat Recorded in Dry Season	Habitat Recorded in Wet Season	Commonness
Banded Awl	Hasora chromus			R, AW	UC
Blue Pansy	Junonia orithya			D	UC
Blue Tiger	Tirumala limniace			Sh, R, P, AW	C
Blue-spotted Crow	Euploea midamus			Sh, R, P	VC
Bush Hopper	Ampittia dioscorides			AW	UC
Ceylon Blue Glassy Tiger	Ideopsis similis			Sh, P	VC
Chestnut Angle	Odontoptilum angulatum			W, P	C
Chinese Peacock	Papilio bianor			Sh	VC
Common Bluebottle	Graphium sarpedon			Sh, R, P, AW	VC
Common Crow	Euploea core			Sh	VC
Common Duffer	Discophora sondaica			P	C
Common Evening Brown		Melanitis leda	P		C
Common Five Ring	Ypthima baldus			Sh, R, P	VC
Common Grass Yellow		Eurema hecabe	AD, R, TW, AW	Sh, G, AD, R, W, AW, St	VC
Common Gull	Cepora nerissa			AD, R, P, AW	C
Common Indian Crow	Euploea core			AD, R, AW	VC
Common Jester	Symbrenthia lilaea			R	C
Common Lascar	Pantoporia hordonia			P	VC
Common Mapwing	Cyrestis thyodamas			AD, P	C
Common Mime	Chilasa clytia			Sh, P, AW	C
Common Mormon		Papilio polytes	AD, P	Sh, G, AD, R, W, AW	VC
Common Nawab	Polyura athamas			P	UC
Common Sailor		Neptis hylas	AD, P, AW	Sh, R, P, AW	VC
Common Straight Swift		Parnara guttata		AW, R	C
Common Tiger		Danaus genutia		AW, R	VC
Conjoined Swift		Pelopidas conjunctus		P, R	UC
Contiguous Swift		Polytremis lubricans		AW, R	C
Dark Brand Bush Brown		Mycalesis mineus	R	R, AW	VC
Dark Grass Blue	Zizeeria karsandra			Sh	R
Five-bar Swordtail	Pathysa antiphates			P	C
Forest Hopper	Astictopterus jama			P	C
Formosan Swift	Borbo cinnara			AW	UC
Glassy Tiger	Parantica aglea			AD, P, AW	VC
Great Eggfly	Hypolimnas bolina			AW	C
Great Mormon	Papilio memnon			P, AW, W	VC
Greenish Palm Dart	Telicota ancilla			AW	C
Indian Cabbage White	Pieris canidia			R, W	VC
Indian Fritillary	Argyreus hyperbius			G	UC
Indian Palm Bob	Suastus gremius			G	UC
Large Faun	Faunis eumeus			W	VC
Lemon Emigrant	Catopsilia pomona			R, P, AW	C
Lime Blue		Chilades lajus	G, R, P	Sh, D, AD, P, AW	VC
Lime Butterfly	Papilio demoleus			Sh, AD, P	C
Long-banded Silverline	Spindasis lohita			R	UC
Mottled Emigrant	Catopsilia pyranthe			Sh	C
Oriental Straight Swift	Parnara bada			R	C
Pale Grass Blue	Zizeeria maha			R,P, AW	VC
Paris Peacock	Papilio paris			R, P, AW	VC
Peacock Pansy	Junonia almana			AW	C
Plain Cupid	Chilades pandava			AW	UC
Plum Judy		Abisara echerius	Sh, R, P	Sh, AD, R, W, AW	VC
Punchinello		Zemeros flegyas	P, AW	Sh, P, St	C
Red Helen	Papilio helenus			P, W	VC
Red Lacewing		Cethosia biblis	P		R
Red-based Jezebel	Delias pasithoe			Sh, AD	VC
Rustic		Cupha erymanthis	P, AW	R, P, W, AW	VC
South Sullied Sailer	Neptis clinia			R	C
Spangle	Papilio protenor			AD, R, P	VC
Staff Sergeant	Athyma selenophora			AW	C
Straight Five-ring		Ypthima lisandra	Sh	Sh, D, R	C
Striped Blue Crow	Euploea mulciber			Sh, W, P	UC
Tailed Jay	Graphium agamemnon			R, P	VC
Tawny Rajah	Charaxes bernardus			P, R, AW	VC
Three-spot Grass Yellow	Eurema blanda			P	UC
Tree Filter	Hyarotis adrastus		AW		UC
Water Snow Flat	Tagiades litigiosus			P, AW, R	VC
White Commodore	Parasarpa dudu			P	UC
Yellow Orange Tip	Ixias pyrene			R	C
Yellow Pansy	Junonia hierta			AD, P, AW	UC

Habitat: AW = abandoned wet agricultural land, W = secondary woodland, p = plantation, Sh = shrubland, R = abandoned reservoir, D = disturbed area, AD = abandoned dry agricultural land, St = stream. Commonness: VC = very common, C = common, UC = uncommon, R =rare. Commonness of butterflies is reference to Yiu V (2004). Field Guide to the butterflies of Hong Kong.

Table 7 Butterfly Species Recorded on South Soko in Comparison with Other Outlying Islands and South Lantau

Location (1)	Size of Study Area (ha)	Habitats Recorded within the Study Area	Survey Efforts	Number of Species Recorded	Total Number of Individuals Recorded	Number of Species of Ecological/Conservation Interests
South Soko
Current study	120	Secondary woodland, plantation, shrubland, grassland, abandoned wet agricultural land, stream, disturbed area, abandoned reservoir, abandoned dry agricultural land and backshore vegetation.	6 days during dry season (Feb – Mar 04, Nov 05- Jan 06) and 6 days during wet season (Apr – July 04, Sept – Oct 05).	Total: 56 Secondary woodland (5), plantation (35), shrubland (21), disturbed area (3), Abandoned dry agricultural land (12), abandoned reservoir (23), abandoned wet agricultural land (24), and stream (2).	372	Total: 17 Disturbed area (2), Abandoned wet agricultural land (4), Grassland (2), Plantation (9), Shrubland (2) and abandoned reservoir (1).
Lamma Island
ERM 2004	79	Secondary woodland, shrubland, shrubby grassland, natural and modified stream, and village/developed area.	3 days transect surveys in the wet season (May – Jun 2004).	Total: 63 Secondary woodland (61), Shrubland (26), shrubby grassland (23) and village/developed area (3).	Not provided	Total: 16 (All recorded in Secondary woodland).
Green Island
BMT/ERM 2000	11	Secondary woodland, shrubland, grassland and developed areas.	September – November 1997; March – May 1998, monthly.	Total: 61	969	Total: 10 (all recorded in woodland)
Little Green Island
BMT/ERM 2000	11	Secondary woodland, shrubland and grassland.	September – November 1997; March – May 1998, monthly.	Total: 34	194	Total: 2 (Both recorded in woodland).
Chi Ma Wan Peninsula and Pui O
MCL 1999	384	Forest, tall shrubland, shrubland and grass mixture, wetland, farmland, abandoned farmland, rocky shore, sandy beach, backshore shrubland, mangrove, brackish mudflat, plantation, wasteland, stream and village area.	2 survey days in dry season (Oct and Nov 2000).	Total 28: Wetland (12), forest (28), wasteland (17), abandoned farmland (12) and stream (6).	190	Total: 4 (All recorded in forest).
Cheung Sha to Lung Tseng Tau
MAL 2001	601	Secondary woodland, Plantation woodland, Tall shrubland, Shrubland-grassland mosaic, Grassland, Stream, Agricultural land, Wasteland, Freshwater marsh and Village area.	12 survey days in wet season (Jun - Oct 2001) and 9 days in dry season (Sept and Oct 200).	Total: 104	Not provided	Total: 8 (All recorded in woodland).

Note: (1) Other outlying islands and south Lantau areas without the specified habitat are not shown in the table.

ERM 2004-ERM HK Ltd (2004). Renewable Energy by a Wind Turbine System on Lamma Island: Final Environmental Impact Assessment for the Hongkong Electric Company Limited. Final Report

ERM 1998 - ERM HK Ltd (1998d). Po Toi Island: Terrestrial Ecological Study for the Hongkong Electric Company Limited.

BMT/ERM 1999 - Babtie BMT (Hong Kong) Ltd (1999). Green Island Development EWQIA & MTIA Studies. Final Environmental and Water Quality Impact Assessment Report. For the Territory Development Department.

MCL 1999- Mott Cornell Ltd (1999). 132 KV Supply Circuit from Pui O via Chi Ma Wan Peninsula via Sea Crossing towards Cheung Chau. EIA Report.

MAL 2001-Moucel Asia Ltd (2001). Improvement to Tung Chung Road between Lung Tseng Tau and Cheung Sha. EIA Report.

Table 8 Dragonfly Species and Their Abundance Recorded at South Soko in Wet Season

Common Name	Species Name	W	P	D	G	AD	R	AW	S	Commonness
Asian Pintail	Acisoma panorpoides							1		C
Blue Dasher	Brachydiplax chalybea							1		C
Blue Percher	Diplacodes trivialis			1						A
Common Blue Jewel	Rhinocypha perforate perforata		1	1
Common Blue Skimmer	Orthetrum glaucum		3				3	1	1	A
Common Bluetail	Ischurna senegalensis						6	3		A
Common Red Skimmer	Orthetrum pruinosum			1	1	2			1	A
Crimson Dropwing	Trithemis aurora			1		2				A
Evening Skimmer	Tholymis tillarga						3			C
Greater Blue Skimmer	Orthetrum melania			1		1		1		UC
Green Skimmer	Orthetrum sabina			1	1	2				C
Marsh Dancer	Onychargia atrocyana							3		C
Marsh Skimmer	Orthetrum luzonicum					1		21		A
Orange-tailed Sprite	Ceriagrion auranticum		1				6	27		A
Pied Skimmer	Pseudothemis zonata		2				8		3	C
Red-faced Skimmer	Orthetrum chrysis							5	3	C
Variegated Flutterer	Rhyothemis variegata		1				3	1		C
Wandering Glider	Pantala flavescens		2	2		2	10	23	25	A
Total dragonflies		0	10	8	2	10	39	87	33
Total species		0	6	7	2	6	7	11	5

Habitat : AW = abandoned wet agricultural land, W = secondary woodland, R = abandoned reservoir, D = disturbed area, AD = abandoned dry agricultural land, S = stream, G = grassland. No dragonfly was recorded in shrubland. Commonness: A = abundant, C = common, UC = uncommon. Commonness of dragonflies is reference to Wilson, K.D.P. (2004). Field Guide to the Dragonflies of Hong Kong. Friends of Country Park.

Table 9 Dragonfly Species Recorded on South Soko in Comparison with Other Outlying Islands and South Lantau

Location^1	Size of Study Area (ha)	Habitats Recorded within the Study Area	Survey Effort	Number of Species Recorded	Total Number of Individuals Recorded	Number of Species of Ecological/Conservation Interest
South Soko
Current study	120	Secondary woodland, plantation, shrubland, grassland, abandoned wet agricultural land, stream, disturbed area, abandoned reservoir, abandoned dry agricultural land and backshore vegetation.	6 days in wet season (Feb - Mar 04, Sept – Oct 05) and 6 days in dry season (Apr - Jul 04, Nov 05-Jan 06) with two night surveys in June 2004 and Sept 2005	Total: 18 Abandoned wet agricultural land (11), Plantation (6), abandoned reservoir (7), disturbed area (7), abandoned dry agricultural land (6), stream (5).	189	Total: 3 Grassland (1), sandy shore (1), abandoned reservoir (1)
Chi Ma Wan Peninsula and Pui O
MCL 1999	384	Forest, tall shrubland, shrubland and grass mixture, wetland, farmland, abandoned farmland, rocky shore, sandy beach, backshore shrubland, mangrove, brackish mudflat, plantation, wasteland, stream and village area.	2 survey days in dry season (Oct – Nov 2000).	Not specified, mainly found near to wetland and stream.	17	Nil
Cheung Sha to Lung Tseng Tau
MAL 2001	601	Secondary woodland, Plantation woodland, Tall shrubland, Shrubland-grassland mosaic, Grassland, Stream and riparian, Agricultural land, Wasteland, Freshwater marsh (Fong Yuen) and Village area.	12 survey days in wet season (Jun – Sept 2000) and 9 survey days in dry season (Oct – Nov 2000).	Total: 37 Mainly found at stream and shrubland.	Note quantified.	Total: 4 Tall shrubland (1) and Stream (4).

Note: (1) Other outlying islands and south Lantau areas without the specified habitat are not shown in the table.

MCL 1999- Mott Cornell Ltd (1999). 132 KV Supply Circuit from Pui O via Chi Ma Wan Peninsula via Sea Crossing towards Cheung Chau. EIA Report.

MAL 2001-Moucel Asia Ltd (2001). Improvement to Tung Chung Road between Lung Tseng Tau and Cheung Sha. EIA Report.

Table 10 Herpetofauna Species Recorded on South Soko in Comparison with Other Outlying Islands and South Lantau

Location ^(1)	Size of Study Area (ha)	Habitats Recorded within the Study Area	Survey Effort	Number of Species Recorded	Total Number of Individuals Recorded	Number of Species of Ecological/Conservation Interest
South Soko
Current study	120	Secondary woodland, plantation, shrubland, grassland, abandoned wet agricultural land, stream, disturbed area, abandoned reservoir, abandoned dry agricultural land and backshore vegetation.	6 survey days in wet season (Feb – Mar 2004, Sept – Nov 05) and 6 survey days in dry season (April - Jul 2004, Nov 05 –Jan 06) and two night survey in June 04 and Sept 05.	Total: 14 6 amphibian species 8 reptile species	Not quantified.	Total: 2 Abandoned wet agricultural land (1), disturbed area (1)
Lamma Island
ERM 2004	79	Secondary woodland, shrubland, shrubby grassland, natural and modified stream, and village/developed area.	3 survey days in wet season and one night survey (May – Jun 2004).	Total: 8 5 amphibian species 3 reptile species	Not quantified.	Total: 1 Secondary woodland (1), shrubland (1), Stream (1) and village/developed area (1).
Po Toi
ERM 1998	373	Bare soil grassland, land shrub, land shrub with grass, tall shrub, tall shrub with grass, woodland, rural area (building and developed area)	No information.	Total: 9 3 amphibian species 6 reptile species	Not quantified.	Total: 2
Green Island
BMT/ERM 2000	11	Woodland, shrubland, stream and developed area.	Survey undertaken during spring and early summer 1998 including a night survey.	Total: 7	57	Nil
Chi Ma Wan Peninsula and Pui O
MCL 1999	384	Forest, tall shrubland, shrubland and grass mixture, wetland, farmland, abandoned farmland, rocky shore, sandy beach, backshore shrubland, mangrove, brackish mudflat, plantation, wasteland, stream and village area.	2 survey days in dry season (Oct and Nov 2000).	Total: 9 4 amphibian species 5 reptile species (All found in Pui O Marsh and Taro Bed).	Not quantified.	Total: 2 Pui O Marsh and Taro Bed (2)
Cheung Sha to Lung Tseng Tau
MAL 2001	601	Secondary woodland, Plantation woodland, Tall shrubland, Shrubland-grassland mosaic, Grassland, Stream and riparian, Agricultural land, Wasteland, Freshwater marsh (Fong Yuen) and Village area.	4 survey days in wet season (Jun 2001) and 4 survey days in dry season (Oct – Nov 2001) for both day and night surveys.	Total: 29 12 amphibian species 17 reptile species	Not quantified	Total: 4 for amphibian species Stream (4), Plantation woodland (1) and Tall Shrub (1). Total: 3 for reptile species Plantation woodland (2), Tall shrub (1) and Stream (1).

Note: (1) Other outlying islands and south Lantau areas without the specified habitat are not shown in the table.

ERM 2004-ERM HK Ltd (2004). Renewable Energy by a Wind Turbine System on Lamma Island: Final Environmental Impact Assessment for the Hongkong Electric Company Limited. Final Report

ERM 1998 - ERM HK Ltd (1998d). Po Toi Island: Terrestrial Ecological Study for the Hongkong Electric Company Limited.

BMT/ERM 1999 - Babtie BMT (Hong Kong) Ltd (1999). Green Island Development EWQIA & MTIA Studies. Final Environmental and Water Quality Impact Assessment Report. For the Territory Development Department.

MCL 1999- Mott Cornell Ltd (1999). 132 KV Supply Circuit from Pui O via Chi Ma Wan Peninsula via Sea Crossing towards Cheung Chau. EIA Report.

MAL 2001-Moucel Asia Ltd (2001). Improvement to Tung Chung Road between Lung Tseng Tau and Cheung Sha. EIA Report.

Table 11 Aquatic Fauna Recorded on South Soko in Comparison with Other Outlying Islands and South Lantau

Location ^(1)	Size of Study Area (ha)	Habitats Recorded within the Study Area	Survey Effort	Number of Species Recorded	Total Number of Individuals Recorded	Number of Species of Ecological/Conservation Interest
South Soko
Current study	120	Secondary woodland, plantation, shrubland, grassland, abandoned wet agricultural land, stream, disturbed area, abandoned reservoir, abandoned dry agricultural land and backshore vegetation.	2 survey days in dry season (Feb- Mar 2004) and 4 survey days in wet season (April and July 2004, Sept 2005).	Total: 9 Abandoned wet agricultural land (1), abandoned reservoir (9)	Not quantified.	Nil
Lamma Island					Not quantified	Nil
ERM 2004	79	Secondary woodland, shrubland, shrubby grassland, natural and modified stream, village/developed area	2 survey days in wet season (May and Jun 2004).	Total: 3 Stream (3)		Total: 1 Stream (1)
Po Toi					Not quantied	Nil
ERM 1998	373	Bare soil grassland, land shrub, land shrub with grass, tall shrub, tall shrub with grass, woodland, rural area (building and developed area)	One survey day (July 1997) and one survey day for dry season (Feb 1997).	Total: 31 Stream (31)		Nil
Chi Ma Wan Peninsula and Pui O
MCL 1999	384	Forest, tall shrubland, shrubland and grass mixture, wetland, farmland, abandoned farmland, rocky shore, sandy beach, backshore shrubland, mangrove, brackish mudflat, plantation, wasteland, stream and village area.	3 survey days in dry season in October and November 2000.	Total: 29 Stream (20), Marsh (9)	Not quantified	Total: 3 Abandoned cultivation land (2), Stream (1)
Cheung Sha to Lung Tseng Tau
MAL 2001	601	Secondary woodland, Plantation woodland, Tall shrubland, Shrubland-grassland mosaic, Grassland, Stream and riparian, Agricultural land, Wasteland, Freshwater marsh (Fong Yuen) and Village area	At least 14days (Jul 2000 - Jan 2001).	Total: 18 Stream (14), Marsh (4)	Not quantified.	Total: 4 Stream (3), Marsh (1)

Note: (1) Other outlying islands and south Lantau areas without the specified habitat are not shown in the table.

ERM 2004-ERM HK Ltd (2004). Renewable Energy by a Wind Turbine System on Lamma Island: Final Environmental Impact Assessment for the Hongkong Electric Company Limited. Final Report

ERM 1998 - ERM HK Ltd (1998d). Po Toi Island: Terrestrial Ecological Study for the Hongkong Electric Company Limited.

MCL 1999- Mott Cornell Ltd (1999). 132 KV Supply Circuit from Pui O via Chi Ma Wan Peninsula via Sea Crossing towards Cheung Chau. EIA Report.

MAL 2001-Moucel Asia Ltd (2001). Improvement to Tung Chung Road between Lung Tseng Tau and Cheung Sha. EIA Report.

Table 12 Plant Species Recorded Within the Study Area of Shek Pik

Species	Growth Form	Origin	Status	Local Abundance
				Plantation	Shrubland	Sandy Shore	Disturbed Area
Acacia confusa	T	E	VC	D	O		A
Acalypha wilkeesiana	S	N	VC				O
Ageratum conyzoides	H	N	VC	O	O
Alangium chinense	S	N	C		O
Alocasia macrorrhiza	H	N	VC		O
Antirhoea chinensis	S	N	C	O	O
Aporusa dioica	S	N	VC	O	F
Atalantia buxifolia	S	N	VC		F
Baeckea frutescens	S	N	VC		F
Bauhinia blackeana	T	N	VC	O			F
Berchemia racemosa	C	N	C		O
Bidens pilosa	H	N	VC		O
Breynia fruticosa	S	N	VC	O	F
Bridelia tomentosa	S	N	VC	O	F
Caesalpinia vernalis	C	N	C	O
Cansjera rheedii	S	N	C		O
Carex chinensis	Se	N	C		O
Cassia siamea	T	E	C				O
Cassytha filiformis	C	N	VC	O	F
Casuarina equisetifolia	T	N	VC	O
Celtis sinensis	T	N	C		F	O
Cerbera manghas	T	E	C		O	O
Cinnamomum camphora	T	N	C				O
Cocculus orbiculatus	C	N	C				O
Cratoxylum cochinchinensis	S	N	VC	O	F
Cyperus malaccensis	Se	N	C		O
Daphniphyllum calycinum	T	N	C	O	O
Delonix regia	T	E	VC				F
Desmos cochinchinensis	S	N	VC		O
Dianella ensifolia	H	N	VC		F
Dicranopteris linearis	F	N	VC		F
Dimocarpus longan	T	N	C				O
Embelia laeta	C	N	VC	O	F
Embelia ribes	C	N	C		F
Erythrina variegata	T	E	C				F
Eurya nitida	S	N	VC		F
Excoecaria agallocha	S	N	C			F
Ficus hispida	T	N	VC		F
Ficus microcarpa	T	N	VC				F
Ficus pumila	C	N	VC	S	S
Ficus variegata	T	N	C		O
Ficus variolosa	S	N	C	O	O
Gardenia jasminoides	S	N	C		F
Glochidion eriocarpum	S	N	VC	O
Glochidion wrightii	S	N	VC				O
Gymnema sylvestre	C	N	C		F
Ilex asprella	S	N	VC
Ilex rotunda	S	N	VC		O
Illigera celebica	C	N	C
Inula cappa	H	N	VC		F
Ipomoea brasiliensis	C	N	VC		S	F
Ipomoea cairica	C	N	VC
Ischaemum aristatum	G	N	VC		O	O
Lantana camara	S	E	VC				O
Litsea cubeba	S	N	VC		F
Litsea glutinosa	T	N	VC		F
Litsea rotundifolia	S	N	VC		A
Lygodium dichotomum	C	N	VC		F
Macaranga tanarius	T	N	VC				O
Mallotus paniculatus	T	N	C
Melastoma candidum	S	N	VC		F
Melastoma sanguineum	S	N	VC		F
Melia azedarach	T	N	VC		S
Microcos paniculata	T	N	C		F
Mikania micrantha	C	E	VC		S
Millettia reticulata	C	N	VC		O
Mimosa pudica	S	N	C		O		O
Miscanthus floridulus	G	N	VC		O
Miscanthus sinensis	G	N	VC		O
Mussaenda pubescens	S	N	VC		F
Paederia scandens	C	N	C		O	S
Pandanus forceps	S	N	C		O	O
Pandanus tectorius	S	N	VC		O
Paspalum conjugatum	G	N	C		O	O
Pavetta hongkongensis	S	N	P		S
Phoenix hanceana	P	N	C		O	O
Phyllanthus cochinchinensis	S	N	VC				O
Phyllanthus emblica	S	N	VC		F
Pinus elliottii	T	E	VC		O
Psychotria rubra	S	N	VC		F
Rhaphiolepis indica	S	N	VC		F
Rhapis excelsa	P	N	C		O
Rhodomyrtus tomentosa	S	N	VC		F
Rhus chinensis	S	N	VC		O
Rhus succedanea	S	N	VC		F
Ricinus communis	H	N	C		O	F
Sageretia theezans	C	N	C		F
Sansevieria trifasciata	H	E	C				O
Sapium discolor	S	N	C		F
Sapium sebiferum	S	N	C		F
Schefflera octophylla	S	N	VC	O	F
Scolopia chinensis	S	N	VC	O	O
Smilax china	C	N	VC		F
Sterculia lanceolata	T	N	C	O
Strophanthus divaricatus	C	N	VC		F
Taxillus chinensis	C	N	C		O
Tetracera asiatica	C	N	VC	O	O
Thespesia populnea	T	N	C			S
Trema orientalis	S	N	VC				O
Wedelia chinensis	C	N	VC	S		O
Wikstroemia chinensis	S	N	VC		F
Wikstroemia indica	S	N	VC		F	O
Uvaria microcarpa	C	N	C	O			O
Vitex negundo	S	N	C	O
Vitex rotundifolia	S	N	C		O	A
Zanthoxylum avicennae	S	N	VC	O
Zanthoxylum nitidum	S	N	C		O
Zoysia matrella	G	N	C			F
Total no. of species				24	78	15	18

Code for abundance: A=Abundant; F=Frequent; O=Occasional; S=Scarce

Code for Status: C=Common; VC=Very Common; P=Protected

Code for Plant Form: G=Grass; Climber; H=Herb; Se=Sedge; G=Grass; F=Fern; P=Palm; S=Shrub; T=Tree

Code for Origin: N=Native; E=Exotic

Table 13a Mammal Species Recorded at Shek Pik in Dry Season

Common Name	Species Name	Status	Shrubland	Plantation
Japanese Pipistrelle	Pipistrellus abramus	P	3
Tanezumi Rat	Rattus tanezumi	A		1
Brown Musk Shrew	Suncus murinus	C		1

Note: A = Abundant, C = Common, UC = Uncommon, P =Protected. Commonness of mammal species is reference to Shek, C.T. (2006). A Field Guide to the Terrestrial Mammals of Hong Kong. AFCD.

Table 13b Mammal Species Recorded at Shek Pik in Wet Season

Common Name	Species Name	Status	Developed Area
Tanezumi Rat	Rattus tanezumi	A	1

Note: A = Abundant, C = Common, UC = Uncommon, P =Protected. Commonness of mammal species is reference to Shek, C.T. (2006). A Field Guide to the Terrestrial Mammals of Hong Kong. AFCD.

Table 14 Bird Species Recorded within the Study Area at Shek Pik

Common Name	Species Name	Habitats Recorded in Dry Season	Habitat Recorded in Wet Season	Commonness	Status in Hong Kong	Remark
Barn Swallow	Hirudo rustica		D	CW	PM	Flying over
Black Drongo	Dicrurus macrocercus		Sh, D	CW	SV
Black Kite	Milvus migrans	Sh, D, P	Sh	CW	R, WV	Flying over
Black-capped Kingfisher	Halcyon pileata	SS		U	WV, PM
Black-collared Starling	Sturnus nigricollis	D, P	Sh, P	CW	R
Black-faced Bunting	Emberiza spodocephala	Sh		CW	WV, PM
Blue Rock Thrush	Monticola solitarius	SS		U	WV, PM
Bonelli's Eagle	Hieraaetus fasciatus	P		R	R	Flying over
Cattle Egret	Bubulcus ibis		D	CW	R	22 seen
Chestnut Bulbul	Hypsipetes castanonotus	Sh		R	R, WV
Collared Crow	Corvus torquatus	Sh, D		U	R
Collared Scops Owl	Otus lettia	Sh		U	R	Heard
Common Black Bird	Turdus merula	Sh, D, P		U	WV, PM
Common Buzzard	Buteo buteo	Sh, Re		U	WV	Flying over
Common Kestrel	Falco tinnunculus	Sh		U	WV, PM	Flying over
Common Kingfisher	Alcedo atthis	SS		CW	R
Common Koel	Eudynamis scolopacea		P	CW	R
Common Magpie	Pica pica	Sh, D, P	Sh, P	CW	R
Common Sandpiper	Actitis hypoleucos	SS		CW	WV, PM
Common Tailorbird	Orthotomus sutorius	P, SS	Sh, P	CW	R
Crested Myna	Acridotheres cristatellus	D, P	D	CW	R	Up to 36
Daurian Redstart	Phoenicurus auroreus	Sh, D, P		U	WV
Dusky Thrush	Turdus naumanni	Sh		R	WV
Dusky Warbler	Phylloscopus fuscatus	Sh, P		U	WV, PM
Eurasian Tree Sparrow	Passer montanus	D		CW	R
Eurasian Woodcock	Scolopax rusticola	Sh		R	WV
Great Tit	Parus major	Sh, D, P	Sh	CW	R
Greater Coucal	Centropus sinensis	P	Sh, P	CW	R
Grey-backed Thrush	Turdus hortulorum	Sh, D, P		U	WV
Hair-crested Drongo	Dicrurus hottentottus		Sh	U	R, PM
Hwamei	Garrulax canorus		Sh	U	R
Japanese White-eye	Zosterops japonicus	Sh, D, P	Sh, P	CW	R, WV
Large-billed Crow	Corvus macrorhynchos	Sh, D, P	Sh, P	CW	R
Light-vented Bulbul	Pycnonotus sinensis	Sh, D, P	Sh, P	CW	R
Masked Laughing Thrush	Garrulax perspicillatus	D	Sh, P	CW	R
Olive-backed Pipit	Anthus hodgsoni	Sh, D, P		CW	WV, PM
Oriental Magpie Robin	Copsychus saularis	D, P	Sh, P	CW	R
Oriental Turtle Dove	Streptopelia orientalis	Sh, D, P		CW	WV, PM
Pacific Reef Egret	Egretta sacra	SS	SS	U	R
Red-flanked Blue-tail	Tarsiger cyanurus	Sh, D		U	WV, PM
Red-throated Flycatcher	Ficedula albicilla	P, SS		R	WV, PM
Red-whiskered Bulbul	Pycnonotus jocosus	Sh, D, P	Sh, P	CW	R
Richard's Pipit	Anthus richardi	D	D	CW	WV, PM
Scaly Thrush	Zoothera dauma	D		R	WV, PM
Siberian Rubythroat	Luscinia calliope	Sh		U	WV, PM
Sooty-headed Bulbul	Pycnonotus augrigaster	P		CW	R
Spotted Dove	Streptopelia chinensis	Sh, D, P	Sh, D, P	CW	R
White Wagtail	Motacilla alba	Sh, D, SS		CW	WV, PM
White-breasted Waterhen	Amaurornis phoenicurus	Sh		CW	R
White-rumped Munia	Lonchura striata	Sh		CW	R
White-throated Kingfisher	Halcyon smyrnensis	Sh, SS		CW	R
Yellow-bellied Prinia	Prinia flaviventris	Sh, P	Sh, P	CW	R
Yellow-browed Warbler	Phylloscopus inornatus	Sh, D, P	P	CW	WV, PM

Habitats: Sh = Shrubland, P = Plantation, SS = Backshore Shrubland, D = Developed Area, Re = Reservoir

Commonness & Distribution: CW = common and widespread, U = uncommon and localised, R = rare and localized, VR = very rare. Commonness of bird species is reference to Commonness and status of birds are reference to C Viney, Karen Philipps and Lam Chiu Ying (1993) Birds of Hkng Kong and South China.

Main Status: R = Resident, WV = Winter Visitor, SV = Summer Visitor, PM = Passage Migrant

Table 15a Bird Species Recorded within Each Habitat of Shek Pik in Dry Season

Common Name	Species Name	Habitat
		Plantation	Shrubland	Backshore Shrubland	Developed Area
Black Kite	Milvus migrans	1	3		1
Black-capped Kingfisher	Halcyon pileata			2
Black-collared Starling	Sturnus nigricollis	38			14
Black-faced Bunting	Emberiza spodocephala		2
Blue Rock Thrush	Monticola solitarius			1
Bonelli's Eagle	Hieraaetus fasciatus	1
Chestnut Bulbul	Hypsipetes castanonotus		7
Collared Crow	Corvus torquatus		2		1
Common Black Bird	Turdus merula	4	4		1
Common Kingfisher	Alcedo atthis		1	2
Common Magpie	Pica pica	2	8		3
Common Sandpiper	Actitis hypoleucos			1
Common Tailorbird	Orthotomus sutorius	2		1
Crested Myna	Acridotheres cristatellus	14			36
Daurian Redstart	Phoenicurus auroreus	4	1	1	1
Dusky Warbler	Phylloscopus fuscatus	1	3
Eurasian Tree Sparrow	Passer montanus				5
Great Tit	Parus major	7	9		1
Greater Coucal	Centropus sinensis	1
Grey-backed Thrush	Turdus hortulorum	4	11		2
Japanese White-eye	Zosterops japonicus	20	25		8
Kestrel	Falco tinnunculus		1
Large-billed Crow	Corvus macrorhynchos	16	9		2
Light-vented Bulbul	Pycnonotus sinensis	65	80		37
Masked Laughing Thrush	Garrulax perspicillatus				2
Olive-backed Pipit	Anthus hodgsoni	5	2		16
Oriental Magpie Robin	Copsychus saularis	1		1	1
Red-flanked Blue-tail	Tarsiger cyanurus		1		1
Red-throated Flycatcher	Ficedula albicilla	1		1
Red-whiskered Bulbul	Pycnonotus jocosus	12	7		16
Reef Egret	Egretta sacra			8
Richard's Pipit	Anthus richardi				9
Rufous Turtle Dove	Streptopelia orientalis	1	1		1
Scaly Thrush	Zoothera dauma				1
Siberian Rubythroat	Luscinia calliope		1
Sooty-headed Bulbul	Pycnonotus augrigaster	3
Spotted Dove	Streptopelia chinensis	11	17		5
White Wagtail	Motacilla alba		2	3	1
White-backed Munia	Lonchura striata		2
White-throated Kingfisher	Halcyon smyrnensis		1	1
Yellow-bellied Prinia	Prinia flaviventris	1	1
Yellow-browed Warbler	Phylloscopus inornatus	1	5		2
	Total number of individual	216	206	22	167
	Total number of species	24	26	11	24

Table 15b Bird Species Recorded within Each Habitat of Shek Pik in Wet Season

Common Name	Species Name	Shrubland	Developed Area	Plantation	Backshore Shrubland
Barn Swallow	Hirudo rustica		3
Black Drongo	Dicrurus macrocercus	2	1
Black Kite	Milvus migrans	3
Black-collared Starling	Sturnus nigricollis	1		2
Cattle Egret	Bubulcus ibis		22	2
Common Koel	Eudynamis scolopacea			3
Common Magpie	Pica pica	1		2
Common Tailorbird	Orthotomus sutorius	1		1
Crested Myna	Acridotheres cristatellus		4
Great Tit	Parus major	2
Greater Coucal	Centropus sinensis	3		2
Hair-crested Drongo	Dicrurus hottentottus	3
Hwamei	Garrulax canorus	1
Japanese White-eye	Zosterops japonicus	2		3
Large-billed Crow	Corvus macrorhynchos	3		8
Light-vented Bulbul	Pycnonotus sinensis	29		8
Masked Laughing Thrush	Garrulax perspicillatus	11		5
Oriental Magpie Robin	Copsychus saularis	2		1
Red-whiskered Bulbul	Pycnonotus jocosus	20		2
Reef Egret	Egretta sacra				1
Richard's Pipit	Anthus richardi		1
Spotted Dove	Streptopelia chinensis	7	1	3
Yellow-bellied Prinia	Prinia flaviventris	1		1
Yellow-browed Warbler	Phylloscopus inornatus			1
	Total number of individual	92	32	44	1
	Total number of species	17	6	15	1

Table 16a Butterfly Species Recorded at Shek Pik in Dry Season

Common Name	Scientific Name	Status	Shrubland	Developed Area	Plantation
Papilionidae
Common Mormon	Papilio polytes	VC			1
Pieridae
Red-base Jazebel	Delias pasithoe	VC			1
Indian Cabbage White	Pieris canidia	VC		1
Common Grass Yellow	Eurema hecabe	VC	1
Lycaenidae
Pale Grass Blue	Zizeeria maha	VC	2	3
Plum Judy	Abisara echerius	VC	3
Nymphalidae
Blue Pansy	Junonia orithya	UC		1
Common Evening Brown	Melanitis leda	C	1
Rustic	Cupha erymanthis	VC			1
Angled Castor	Ariadne ariadne	C	1
Common Tiger	Danaus genutia	VC		1
Ceylon Blue Glassy Tiger	Ideopsis similis	VC			1

Notes: Status VC = Very Common, C = Common, UC = Uncommon, R = Rare. Commonness of butterflies is reference to Yiu V (2004). Field Guide to the butterflies of Hong Kong.

Table 16b Butterfly Species Recorded at Shek Pik in Wet Season

Common Name	Scientific Name	Status	Shrubland	Plantation
Hesperiidae
Banded Awl	Hasora chromus	UC		1
Chestnut Angle	Odontoptilum angulatum	C	1
Papilionidae
Common Bluebottle	Graphium sarpedon	VC	3
Five-bar Swordtail	Pathysa antiphates	C	1	1
Chinese Peacock	Papilio bianor	VC		1
Red Helen	Papilio helenus	VC	1	2
Great Mormon	Papilio memnon	VC	1
Paris Peacock	Papilio paris	VC	3
Common Mormon	Papilio polytes	VC	1	2
Spangle	Papilio protenor	VC		1
Pieridae
Indian Cabbage White	Pieris canidia	VC	1
Yellow Orange Tip	Ixias pyrene	UC		1
Common Grass Yellow	Eurema hecabe	VC	2
Lycaenidae
Plum Judy	Abisara echerius	VC	4
Chocolate Royal	Remelana jangala	UC	1	3
Slate Flash	Rapala manea	C		1
Transparent Six-line Blue	Nacaduba kurava	C	1
Nymphalidae
Common Evening Brown	Melanitis leda	C	1
Dark-brand Bush Brown	Mycalesis mineus	VC	2
Common Faun	Faunis eumeus	VC		1
Common Sergeant	Athyma perius	C		1
Common Sailer	Neptis hylas	VC		1

Note: Status VC = Very Common, C = Common, UC = Uncommon, R = Rare, Commonness of butterflies is reference to Yiu V (2004). Field Guide to the butterflies of Hong Kong.

Table 17 Dragonflies Species Recorded at Shek Pik in Wet Season

Common Name	Scientific Name	Status	Shrubland	Developed Area	Plantation
Yellow Featherlegs	Copera marginipes	A	2	1	1
Evening Skimmer	Tholymis tillarga	C	1
Wandering Glider	Pantala flavescens	A	54

Note: Status A = Abundant, C = Common, UC = Uncommon, R = Rare, Commonness of dragonflies is reference to Wilson, K.D.P. (2004). Field Guide to the Dragonflies of Hong Kong. Friends of Country Park.

Table 18a Amphibians and Reptiles Species Recorded at Shek Pik in Dry Season

Common Name	Scientific Name	Status	Shrubland	Developed Area	Plantation
Amphibians
Gunther’s Frog	Rana guentheri	A	1		2
Romer’s Tree Frog	Philautus romeri	UC			1
Brown Tree Frog	Polypedates megacephalus	A			1
Asiatic Painted Frog	Kaloula pulchra	C			2
Reptiles
Chinese Gecko	Gekko chinensis	A			2
Bowring’s Gecko	Hemidactylus bowringii	A	3	1	3
Changeable Lizard	Calotes versicolor	A	1
Reeves’ Smooth Skink	Scincella reevesii	A			2

Note: Abundance: A = Abundant, C = Common, UC = Uncommon, Commonness of amphibian is reference to AFCD (2005). A Field Guide to the Amphibians of Hong Kong. AFCD.

Table 18b Amphibians and Reptiles Species Recorded at Shek Pik in Wet Season

Common Name	Scientific Name	Status	Shrubland	Developed Area	Plantation
Amphibians
Paddy Frog	Fejervarya llimnocharis	A	1	1	1
Gunther’s Frog	Rana guentheri	A	6		4
Brown Tree Frog	Polypedates megacephalus	A	4
Asiatic Painted Frog	Kaloula pulchra	C	2		6
Reptiles
Bowring’s Gecko	Hemidactylus bowringii	A	1	4	10
Reeves’ Smooth Skink	Scincella reevesii	A			1
Common Blind Snake	Ramphotyphlops braminus	A	1

Note: Abundance: A = Abundant, C = Common Commonness of amphibian is reference to AFCD (2005). A Field Guide to the Amphibians of Hong Kong. AFCD.