7.1
Introduction
This section
identifies the potential wastes arising from the construction and operation of
a LNG terminal at Black Point and assesses the environmental impacts associated
with waste handling and disposal.
The main issues are:
·
The management of dredged marine
sediment;
·
Handling and disposal of contaminated
soil/sediments;
·
Handling and disposal of construction
and demolition (C&D) materials ()
arising from the demolition, excavation and construction works; and
·
Chemical wastes, sewage, general refuse
and industrial wastes.
Opportunities
for waste reduction, recycling, storage, collection, transport and disposal
have been examined and appropriate measures for waste reduction and management
are proposed.
7.2
Legislation Requirements and Evaluation Criteria
The following
discussion on legislative requirements and evaluation criteria applies to both
the construction and operational phases of the LNG terminal.
The criteria
and guidelines for evaluating potential waste management implications are laid
out in Annexes 7 and 15 of the EIAO-TM under the EIAO (Cap
499). The following legislation covers,
or has some bearing upon, the handling, treatment and disposal of wastes in
Hong Kong, and will also be considered in this Project.
·
Waste
Disposal Ordinance (Cap 354);
·
Waste
Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation (Cap 354C);
·
Land
(Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Cap 28)
·
Public
Health and Municipal Services Ordinance (Cap 132) - Public Cleansing and
Prevention of Nuisances Regulation; and
·
Dumping
at Sea Ordinance (Cap 466).
7.2.1
Waste
Disposal Ordinance (Cap 354)
The Waste Disposal Ordinance (WDO) prohibits
the unauthorised disposal of wastes, with waste defined as any substance or
article, which is abandoned.
Construction waste is not directly defined in the WDO but is considered to fall within the category of ‘trade
waste’. Trade waste is defined as
waste from any trade, manufacturer or business or any wasted building, or civil
engineering materials, but does not include animal waste.
Under the WDO, wastes can only be disposed of at a
licensed site. The WDO also provides for the issuing of
licences for the collection and transport of wastes. Licences are not, however, currently
issued for the collection and transport of construction waste or trade waste.
The Waste Disposal (Charges for Disposal of
Construction Waste) Regulation defines construction waste as any substance,
matter or thing that is generated from construction work and abandoned, whether
or not it has been processed or stockpiled before being abandoned, but does not
include any sludge, screening or matter removed in or generated from any desludging, desilting or dredging
works.
The
Construction Waste Disposal Charging Scheme entered into operation on 1
December 2005. From that time, any
main contractor who undertakes construction work under a contract with value of
$1 million or above is required to open a billing account solely for the
contract. Application shall be made
within 21 days after the contract is awarded.
For
construction work under a contract with value less than $1 million, such as minor
construction or renovation work, any person such as the owner of the premises
where the construction work takes place or his/her contractor can open a
billing account; the account can also be used for contracts each with value
less than $1 million. The premises
owner concerned may also engage a contractor with a valid billing account to
make arrangement for disposal of construction waste.
Under the new
construction waste charging scheme, charging for disposal of construction waste
started on 20 January 2006 and will also apply to the Project when commenced.
Depending on
the percentage of inert materials in the construction waste, inert construction
waste can be disposed at public fill reception facilities and mixed
construction waste can be disposed of at construction waste sorting facilities,
landfills and outlying islands transfer facilities where different disposal
cost would be applied. The scheme
encourages reducing, reusing and sorting of construction waste such that the
waste producer can minimise their disposal fee. Table
7.1 summarises the government construction waste disposal facilities, types
of waste accepted and disposal cost.
Table 7.1 Government
Facilities for Disposal of C&D Materials
|
Government Waste
Disposal Facilities
|
Type of
Construction Waste Accepted
|
Charge Per Tonne
|
|
Public fill reception facilities
|
Consisting entirely of inert
construction waste
|
$27
|
|
Sorting facilities
|
Containing more than 50% by weight of
inert construction waste
|
$100
|
|
Landfills
|
Containing not more than 50% by
weight of inert construction waste
|
$125
|
|
Outlying Islands Transfer Facilities
|
Containing any percentage of inert
construction waste
|
$125
|
7.2.2
Waste
Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation (Cap 354C)
Chemical waste
as defined under the Waste Disposal
(Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation includes any substance being scrap
material, or unwanted substances specified under Schedule 1 of the Regulation,
if such a substance or chemical occurs in such a form, quantity or
concentration so as to cause pollution or constitute a danger to health or risk
of pollution to the environment.
A person
should not produce, or cause to be produced, chemical wastes without
registration with the EPD. Chemical
wastes must either be treated using on-site facility licensed by EPD or be
collected by a licensed collection for off-site treatment at a licensed
facility. Under EPD Regulations,
the waste producer, collector and disposal facility must sign all relevant
parts of a computerised trip ticket for each consignment of waste. The computerized system is designed to
allow the transfer of wastes to be traced from cradle-to-grave.
The EPD Regulation prescribes the storage
facilities to be provided on site which include labelling and warning
signs. To reduce the risks of
pollution and danger to human health or life, the waste producer is required to
prepare and make available written emergency procedures for spillage, leakage
or accidents arising from the storage of chemical wastes. They must also provide their employees
with training on such procedures.
7.2.3
Land
(Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Cap 28)
The inert
portion of C&D materials (also called public fill) may be taken to public
fill reception facilities. Public
fill reception facilities usually form part of land reclamation schemes and are
operated by the Civil Engineering and Development Department (CEDD) and others.
The Land (Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance requires that individuals
or companies who deliver public fill to the public fill reception facilities to
obtain Dumping Licences. The
licences are issued by CEDD under delegated authority from the Director of
Lands.
Individual
licences and windscreen stickers are issued for each vehicle involved. Under the licence conditions, public
fill reception facilities will only accept earth, soil, sand, rubble, brick,
tile, rock, boulder, concrete, asphalt, masonry or used bentonite. In addition, in accordance with
paragraph 11 of the ETWB TC(W) No.31.2004, Public Fill
Committee will advise on the acceptance criteria (e.g. no mixing of
construction waste, nominal size of the materials less than 250mm, etc). The material will, however, be free from
marine mud, household refuse, plastic, metal, industrial and chemical wastes,
animal and vegetable matter and any other materials considered unsuitable by
the public fill reception facility supervisor.
7.2.4
Public
Health and Municipal Services Ordinance (Cap 132) - Public Cleansing and
Prevention of Nuisances Regulation
This
Regulation provides a further control
on the illegal dumping of wastes on unauthorised (unlicensed) sites.
7.2.5
Dumping
at Sea Ordinance (Cap 466)
This Ordinance came into operation in April
1995 and empowers the Director of Environmental Protection (DEP) to control the
disposal and incineration of substances and articles at sea for the protection
of the marine environment. Under
the Ordinance, a permit from the DEP
is required for the disposal of regulated substances within and outside the
waters of the Hong Kong SAR. The
permit contains terms and conditions that includes the following
specifications:
·
Type and quantity of substances
permitted to be dumped;
·
Location of the disposal grounds;
·
Requirement of equipment for monitoring
the disposal operations; and
·
Environmental monitoring requirements.
Management of
Dredged/Excavated Sediments for Marine Disposal
Marine disposal of any
dredged/excavated sediment is subject to control under the Dumping at Sea Ordinance 1995.
Dredged/excavated sediment destined for marine disposal is
classified based on its contaminant levels with reference to the Chemical Exceedance
Levels (CEL), as stipulated in ETWBTC
No. 34/2002: Management of
Dredged/Excavated Sediment.
This Technical Circular includes a set of sediment quality criteria, as
presented in Table 7.2, which
includes heavy metals and metalloids, organic pollutants and a class of
contamination level for highly contaminated sediment not suitable for marine
disposal.
Table 7.2 Dredged/Excavated
Sediment Quality Criteria for the Classification under the ETWBTC No 34/2002
|
Contaminants
|
Lower Chemical Exceedance Level
(LCEL)
|
Upper Chemical Exceedance Level
(UCEL)
|
|
Metals
(mg kg-1 dry weight)
|
|
Cd
|
1.5
|
4
|
|
Cr
|
80
|
160
|
|
Cu
|
65
|
110
|
|
Hg
|
0.5
|
1
|
|
Ni (a)
|
40
|
40
|
|
Pb
|
75
|
110
|
|
Silver (Ag)
|
1
|
2
|
|
Zinc (Zn)
|
200
|
270
|
|
Metalloid
(mg kg-1 dry weight)
|
|
Arsenic (As)
|
12
|
42
|
|
Organic-PAHs (mg
kg-1 dry weight)
|
|
Low Molecular Weight (LMW) PAHs
|
550
|
3,160
|
|
High Molecular Weight (HMW) PAHs
|
1,700
|
9,600
|
|
Organic-non-PAHs (mg
kg-1 dry weight)
|
|
Total PCBs
|
23
|
180
|
|
Organometallics (mgTBT l-1 in interstitial water)
|
|
Tributyl-tin (a)
|
0.15
|
0.15
|
|
Note:
(a)
The contaminant level is considered to
have exceeded the UCEL if it is greater than the value shown.
|
The DEP, as
the Authority under the Dumping at Sea
Ordinance (DASO), will classify sediments based on their contaminant levels
with reference to the CEL laid down in the Table
7.2. In accordance with ETWBTC
34/2002, the sediment is classified into three categories based on its
contamination levels:
Category L : Sediment
with all contaminant levels not exceeding the LCEL. The material must be dredged,
transported and disposed of in a manner which reduces the loss of contaminants
either into solution or by re-suspension.
Category
M : Sediment
with any one or more contaminant levels exceeding the LCEL with none exceeding
the UCEL. The material must be
dredged and transported with care, and must be effectively isolated from the
environment upon final disposal unless appropriate biological tests demonstrate
that the material will not adversely affect the marine environment.
Category
H : Sediment
with any one or more contaminant levels exceeding the UCEL. The material must be dredged and
transported with great care, and must be effectively isolated from the
environment upon final disposal.
Figure 7.1
summarises the sediment classification and disposal arrangements. The determination of the most
appropriate open sea or confined marine disposal site will be based on the
chemical and biological test results of the sediment.
Figure 7.1 Management Framework for Dredged/Excavated Sediment
Notes:
1.
Most open sea disposal sites are
multi-user facilities and as a consequence their management involves a
flexibility to accommodate varying and unpredictable circumstances. Contract
documents will include provisions to allow the same degree of flexibility to
divert from one disposal site to another during the construction period of a
contract.
2.
Dedicated Sites will be monitored to
confirm that there is no adverse impact.
3.
For sediment requiring Type 2 or Type 3
disposal, contract documents will state the allocation conditions of Marine
Fill Committee (MFC) and DEP. At present, East Sha Chau mud pits are designated for confined marine disposal.
4.
If any sediment suitable for Type 3
disposal (Category H sediment failing the biological dilution test) is identified,
it is the responsibility of the project proponent, in consultation with DEP, to
identify and agree, the most appropriate treatment
and/or disposal arrangement. Such a proposal is likely to be very site and
project specific and therefore cannot be prescribed. This does not preclude
treatment of this sediment to render it suitable for confined marine disposal.
5.
The allocation of disposal space may
carry a requirement for the project proponent to arrange for chemical analysis
of the sediment sampled from 5% of the vessels en-route to the disposal site.
For Category M and certain Category H sediment, the chemical tests will be
augmented by biological tests. Vessel sampling will normally entail mixing five
samples to form a composite sample from the vessel and undertaking laboratory
tests on this composite sample. All marine disposal sites will be monitored
under the general direction of the CEDD. However, exceptionally large
allocations might require some additional disposal site monitoring. These will
be stipulated at the time of allocation.
6.
Trailer suction hopper dredgers
disposing of sediment at East Sha Chau
must use a down-a-pipe disposal method, the design of which must be approved in
advance by Director of the CEDD. The dredging contractor must provide equipment
for such disposal.
Source: Appendix C, ETWBTC 34/2002
In
addition, in accordance with Building
Ordinance Office Practice Note for Authorised Persons and Registered Structural
Engineers No 155, any proposal to remove more than 500,000 m3 of
clean mud or any quantity of contaminated mud must be justified on both cost
and environmental grounds. The
rationale for such removal will also be provided to enable an allocation for
disposal to be considered. It is
desirable, therefore, to demonstrate that any proposed mud dredging has been
reduced as far as reasonably and safely practicable, and to obtain in-principle
agreement from the Secretary of the MFC of the CEDD at an early stage. For projects which involve marine
disposal of dredged/excavated sediments, the Practice Note for Authorised Persons No 252 will be followed.
7.2.6
Other
Relevant Guidelines
Other
guideline documents, which detail how the Contractor will comply with the WDO
and its associated regulations include:
·
Waste
Disposal Plan for Hong Kong (December 1989), Planning, Environment
and Lands Branch Government Secretariat, Hong Kong Government;
·
Chapter 9 Environment (1999),
Hong Kong Planning Standards and Guidelines, Hong Kong Government;
·
New
Disposal Arrangements for Construction Waste (1992), EPD
& CED, Hong Kong Government;
·
Code
of Practice on the Packaging, Labelling and Storage of Chemical Wastes
(1992), EPD, Hong Kong Government;
·
Works
Branch Technical Circular (WBTC) No. 32/92, The Use of Tropical Hard Wood on
Construction Site; Works Branch, Hong Kong Government;
·
WBTC
No. 2/93, Public Dumps. Works Branch, Hong Kong Government;
·
WBTC
No. 2/93B, Public Filling Facilities, Works
Branch, Hong Kong Government;
·
WBTC
No. 16/96, Wet Soil in Public Dumps; Works
Branch, Hong Kong Government;
·
WBTC
Nos. 4/98 and 4/98A, Use of
Public Fill in Reclamation and Earth Filling Projects; Works Bureau, Hong
Kong SAR Government.
·
Waste
Reduction Framework Plan, 1998 to 2007, Planning,
Environment and Lands Bureau, Government Secretariat, 5 November 1998;
·
WBTC
Nos. 25/99, 25/99A and
25/99C, Incorporation of Information on Construction and Demolition Material
Management in Public Works Sub-committee Papers; Works Bureau, Hong Kong
SAR Government;
·
WBTC
No. 12/2000, Fill Management; Works Bureau, Hong Kong SAR
Government;
·
WBTC
No. 19/2001, Metallic Site Hoardings and Signboards; Works
Bureau, Hong Kong SAR Government;
·
WBTC
Nos. 6/2002 and 6/2002A, Enhanced Specification for Site Cleanliness and
Tidiness. Works Bureau, Hong Kong SAR Government;
·
WBTC
No. 11/2002, Control of Site Crusher. Works Bureau,
Hong Kong SAR Government;
·
WBTC
No. 12/2002, Specification Facilitating the Use of Recycled Aggregates. Works
Bureau, Hong Kong SAR Government;
·
ETWBTC
No. 33/2002, Management of Construction and Demolition Material Including Rock; Environment, Transport and Works
Bureau, Hong Kong SAR Government;
·
ETWBTC
No. 34/2002, Management of Dredged/Excavated Sediment; Environment,
Transport and Works Bureau, Hong Kong
SAR Government;
·
ETWBTC
No. 31/2004, Trip Ticket System for Disposal of Construction & Demolition
Materials, Environment, Transport and Works Bureau, Hong Kong SAR
Government; and
·
ETWBTC
No. 19/2005, Environmental Management of Construction Site, Environment,
Transport and Works Bureau, Hong Kong SAR Government.
7.3
Expected Waste sources
7.3.1
Construction
Phase
Optioneering
has been conducted to try to avoid waste generation and reuse and recycling of
waste generated from the construction of the terminal during the planning and
design stages and consideration of options for layout, construction methods and
programme, and the proposed scheme comprises the Applicants’ proposed best
balance. During the construction
phase, the main activities, which will potentially result in the generation of
waste, include site clearance, site formation, blasting, dredging, reclamation, seawall construction, filling and concreting.
The typical
waste types associated with these activities include:
·
Dredged marine sediment;
·
C & D Materials;
·
Chemical waste;
·
Sewage; and
·
General refuse.
Proper waste
management is important to prevent and mitigate potential environmental
impacts.
7.3.2
Operational
Phase
The following
wastes will be generated from the operation of the LNG terminal:
·
Dredged Sediment;
·
Industrial waste;
·
Chemical waste;
·
Sewage; and
·
General refuse.
7.4
Assessment Methodology
The potential
environmental impacts associated with the handling and disposal of waste
arising from the construction and operation of the LNG terminal at Black Point
are assessed in accordance with the criteria presented in Annexes 7 and 15 of the EIAO-TM, which are summarised as
follows:
·
Estimation of the types and quantities
of the wastes to be generated based on information provided by the engineering
design team and the relevant researches and studies on waste arisings;
·
Assessment of the secondary
environmental impacts due to the management of waste with respect to potential
hazards, air and odour emissions, noise, wastewater discharges and traffic; and
·
Assessment of the potential impacts on
the capacity of waste collection, transfer and disposal facilities.
7.5
Waste
Management Assessment
7.5.1
Construction
Phase
Dredged Marine
Sediment
To enable the
safe transit of the LNG carrier, dredging along the approach channel, berthing area,
and turning basin will be necessary.
The quantities of sediment to be dredged are considered as the best
estimate based on the available site investigation data.
In Section 2.2.1, the “partially dredged”
option is selected to be the preferred option for the reclamation in this
Project, therefore, the following assessment is carried out based on the
“partially dredged” approach.
Approximately
16 hectares of land will be reclaimed immediately adjacent to the Black Point
headland. Works will also include
the construction of an approximately 1.1 km long seawall.
Taking
into account the development programme and the long-term stability of the LNG
infrastructure, all marine sediment beneath the seawall will be dredged. The dredging work under the seawalls
will be carried out between the late 2009 and early 2010 and a total of
approximately 0.66 Mm3 of marine sediment is estimated to be dredged
from this area (see Table 7.7).
The dredging
work for the turning basin and approach channel will be carried out for four
months between late 2009 and early 2010.
Approximately 2.49 Mm³ of marine sediments are to be removed along the
proposed approach channel and turning basin (see Table 7.5).
In
summary, a total of about 3.15 Mm3 of marine sediment will be
dredged (which has considered leaving the marine sediment in place as far as
possible) and disposed offsite.
Contaminated
Dredged Marine Sediment
A preliminary marine sediment sampling
programme has been undertaken as part of the EIA Study to provide an indication
of the quality of the sediment and the volumes of different types of sediment
to be dredged. The sediment
sampling programme (including the sampling stations, the chemical analysis
suite and the biological testing programmes) was developed based on the guidelines
described in ETWBTC 34/2002. The sampling and testing programmes are
summarised in Table 7.3 and the sampling locations presented in Figure 7.2.
Table 7.3 Marine
Sediment Sampling and Testing Programme
|
Sampling Location
|
ETWBTC
Grab (a)
|
ETWBTC
Vibrocore (b)
|
|
GV 1
|
ü
|
ü
|
|
GV 2
|
ü
|
ü
|
|
GV 3
|
ü
|
ü
|
|
GV 4
|
ü
|
ü
|
|
GV 5
|
ü
|
ü
|
|
Notes:
(a)
All
sediment grab samples were analysed for sediment quality parameters as listed
in the Appendix A of the ETWBTC 34/2002.
(b)
Vibrocore
samplings were conducted and samples analysed for sediment quality parameters
as listed in the Appendix A of the ETWBTC 34/2002 at these locations.
|
A
combination of grab samples and vibrocore samples
were taken within the proposed Project area. Vibrocore
samples were taken down to the proposed dredging depth (i.e. at seabed, 0.9 m,
1.9 m, 2.9 m below the seabed, every 3 m thereafter and at the end of the vibrocore sampling) or upon refusal, or when encountering
rock head in order to determine the depth of contaminated marine deposit. The contaminants tested include all the
contaminants stated in Table 1 - Analytical Methodology in Appendix B
of ETWBTC No 34/2002 plus PCBs and 12 Chlorinated Pesticides.
Tier III
biological screening was also performed on samples with one or more contaminant
levels exceeding the Lower Chemical Exceedance Level
(LCEL) and exceeded 10 times the Upper Chemical Exceedance
Level (UCEL) (). The ecotoxicological-testing
programme featured a suite of tests that include three phylogenetically
distinct species (amphipod, polychaete and bivalve
larvae) which interact with bedded sediments in different ways. The objective of the bioassays is to
determine if there are any potential risks of toxicological impacts from the
sediment to the marine biota, and whether there is any difference in the
toxicity of the sediments samples taking from the Project site and the
reference station (collected from a clean area in Port Shelter, New
Territories).
The chemical
and biological analysis results of the marine sediment are presented in Table
7.4. All sediment samples
tested have negligible concentration of toxic organics, since they were all
below the detection limits of the chemical analysis. Preliminary estimates of the quantities
of different types of marine sediment to be disposed are presented in Table
7.5.
Based on the
results of the preliminary marine sediment quality testing, heavy metal
contamination exceeding the LCEL (including arsenic and silver) were found in
the surface sediment at four of the five sampling locations (). The sediments were classified as
Category M sediment. Some of the
sediment samples (at locations GV1 and GV2) failed the biological screening.
A
total of 2.49 Mm3 of sediment would be dredged in the turning basin
area. About 2.14 Mm3 of
the sediments within the proposed dredging in the turning basin area were found
to be Category L sediment and could be disposed of at a Type 1 open sea
disposal site. About 0.15 Mm3
of dredged surface sediments (down to approximately 1 m depth) were classified
as Category M (failed the biological screening) and will require to be disposed
of at a confined marine disposal site (i.e. Type 2 disposal) (see Figure 7.2). About 0.20 Mm3 of category M
sediments (GV3 down to 2 m depth) which passed the biological screening could
be disposed at Type 1 dedicated open sea disposal site.
At present the
East of Sha Chau Mud Pits
are designated for confined marine disposal. Due to the size of these pits it is noted
that capacity may not be available at the time of disposal. In view of such a situation an
alternative site for confined marine disposal would be identified in discussion
with the Marine Fill Committee (MFC) and the EPD.
A
total of 0.66 Mm3 of sediments would be dredged along the seawall,
berthing trench and intake/outfall.
Majority of sediments to be dredged (about 0.62 Mm3) was
uncontaminated and hence could be disposed of at a Type 1 open sea disposal
site. A small portion of sediments
to be dredged (about 0.04 Mm3) were found to be category M
contaminated but passed the biological screening and hence could be disposed at
Type 1 dedicated open sea disposal site ()
(see Table 7.5).
Table 7.5 Estimated
Quantities of Different Types of Marine Sediment to be Dredged (Mm3)
|
Sediment Type
|
Turning Basin & Approach
Channel
|
Seawall, Berthing Trench and
Intake/ Outfall
|
Total
|
|
Type 1 Open Sea Disposal Site
|
2.14
(86%)
|
0.62
(94%)
|
2.76
(87%)
|
|
Type 1 Dedicated Open Sea Disposal
Site
|
0.20
(8%)
|
0.04
(6%)
|
0.24
(9%)
|
|
Type 2 Confined Marine Disposal Site
|
0.15
(6%)
|
-
|
0.15
(4%)
|
|
Total
|
2.49
|
0.66
|
3.15
(100%)
|
The dredging works
for the seawall, berthing trenching and intake/outfall construction will take
about 160 days with approximately 6 barge trips per day (). The dredging duration for the turning
basin and approach channel is estimated at around 254 days with approximately
13 barge trips per day.
The dredged
marine sediments will be loaded onto barges using closed grabs and transported
to designated disposal sites depending on their level of contamination. In accordance with the ETWBTC No 34/2002, the Category M sediment
will be dredged and transported with great care in order to avoid leakage of
contaminated sediment into the sea.
With the implementation of the mitigation measures recommended in Section
7.6.2, sediment disposal at
the designated marine disposal sites is not expected to cause adverse
environmental impacts.
The testing
results presented in this report are for EIA purposes only. The procedures detailed below will be
followed prior to obtaining a dumping license. A proposal for sampling and chemical testing
of the sediment will be prepared and submitted to the EPD for approval. The approved detailed sampling and
chemical testing will be carried out prior to the commencement of the dredging
activities to confirm the sediment disposal method. After carrying out the
sampling and testing, a Sediment Quality Report (SQR) will be prepared
for EPD approval as required under the Dumping
at Sea Ordinance. The SQR will
include the sampling details, the chemical testing results, quality control
records, proposed classification and delineation of sediment according to the
requirements of the Appendix A of ETWB TC
34/2002.
The final
disposal site will be determined by the MFC and a dumping licence will be
obtained from the DEP prior to the commencement of the dredging works.
The potential
water quality impacts due to the dredging and disposal of these sediments are
assessed and presented in Section 6,
Water Quality Impact Assessment.
The assessment concluded that the dredging works can meet the relevant
assessment criteria with the implementation of mitigation measures recommended
in Section 6.
C&D
Materials
To accommodate
the necessary infrastructures of the LNG terminal at Black Point, a total of
approximately 32 ha of land will be required. The majority of the land will be formed
through reclamation, however, excavation of the Black Point headland will be
undertaken to provide suitable screening for the LNG tanks.
Approximately
3 hectares of land within the northern face of the existing Black Point
headland will be excavated to approximately +6 mPD
for the two LNG storage tanks. A
third LNG storage tank can be constructed on the reclaimed land. Site clearance and slope cutting of the
Black Point Headland by blasting and excavation will be required. The excavated materials will comprise of
both rock and soft materials and small amount of site clearance wastes.
Excavated
Materials
Rock and soil
will be excavated from site formation works and that will be reused as fill material
for the reclamation within the Project as far as practicable. A rock crushing plant will be provided
to process excavated rock to the required size for reuse. The quantities of excavated/filling
materials are presented in Table 7.6.
Table
7.6 Summary
of Quantity of Excavated/Fill Materials
|
Construction
Works
|
Rock
|
Soil
|
|
In-situ
Volume (m3)
|
Period
|
In-situ
Volume (m3)
|
Period
|
|
Excavation
|
770,000
|
early 2009 – early 2010
|
220,000
|
early 2009 – end 2009
|
|
Filling
|
785,000
|
early 2009 – late 2009
|
2,100,000 (a)
|
mid 2009 – end 2009
|
|
Surplus (+) / Deficit (-)
|
-15,000
|
early 2009 – late 2009
|
-1,880,000
|
early 2009 – early 2010
|
|
Note:
(a) 2,100,000 m3 of fill comprise 1,560,000 m3
of marine fill and 540,000 m3 of public fill.
|
Excavated Soil
Due
to limited space at the Black Point site, all excavated soil (about 0.22 Mm3)
will need to be initially removed from site and stored at a suitable stockpile
site. It is intended that the
material will be returned to the site and reused as fill for the site formation
works or within the reclamation.
Several possible stockpile sites, which can be accessed by barge, have
been identified and the availability of these sites is being investigated with
the District Land Office (DLO).
An alternative
option is to reuse the excavated soil in other concurrent public and private
construction projects either in Hong Kong or China. If all these options are not feasible,
as a last resort, the excavated soil will be delivered to the public fill
reception facilities such as Tuen Mun
Area 38 or other locations as agreed with CEDD.
Excavated Rock
Due
to limited space at the site, all rock material (about 0.77 Mm3)
will need to be initially removed from site. It is intended that the excavated rock
will be taken to a quarry in China for processing. The processed material will be
subsequently reused within the project for the submarine gas pipeline bedding
works or within the reclamation.
However, this option of sending the excavated rock to quarry in China
will be subject to obtaining approval from the PRC government for which further
investigation will be required.
To supplement
the above, some of the excavated rock may be sent to the Lam Tei Quarry. The
amount that may be sent to the quarry will be limited in order to reduce the
impact on existing road traffic.
Construction
Waste
The
non-inert construction waste consisting of timber, paper, plastics and general
refuse (about 0.07 Mm3) ([6]) generated
from site clearance works cannot be reused and need to be disposed of at the
West New Territories (WENT) Landfill.
C&D
Materials Arising from New Building Construction
C&D
materials consisting of waste concrete, packing materials, plastics, metal, concrete, wood, etc will be generated from the new
building construction. The gross
floor areas (GFA) of the main structures to be constructed are summarized in Table 7.7.
Table
7.7 GFA
of Major New Buildings
|
New
Building
|
GFA (m2)
|
|
Administration building
|
1,000
|
|
Control room
|
750
|
|
Maintenance / warehouse building
|
800
|
|
Electrical substation
|
800
|
|
Gate house
|
50
|
|
Total GFA:
|
3,400
|
Based
on a generation rate of 0.1 m3 per m2 of GFA constructed ([7]),
it is estimated that a total of about 340 m3 of C&D materials
will be generated. These materials
will be sorted on-site for public fill (inert portion) (about 272 m3)
and construction waste (68 m3) ([8]) in order to
reduce the amount of construction waste to be disposed of at landfills and the
cost for disposal of the C&D materials arising from the Project.
With proper
implementation of good construction site practice and the mitigation measures
recommended in Sections 4, 5 and 6, the handling and transportation of
C&D materials to the disposal sites will not cause adverse dust, noise or
water quality impacts.
Chemical
Wastes
Chemical
waste, as defined under the Waste
Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation, includes any substance
being scrap material, or unwanted substances specified under Schedule 1 of the Regulation. A complete
list of such substances is provided under the Regulation; however, substances likely to be generated from the
construction of the LNG terminal will, for the most part, arise from the
maintenance of construction plant and equipment. These may include, but not limited to
the following:
·
Scrap batteries or spent acid/alkali
from their maintenance;
·
Used paint, engine oils, hydraulic fluids
and waste fuel;
·
Spent mineral oils/cleaning fluids from
mechanical machinery; and
·
Spent solvents/solutions from equipment
cleaning activities.
Chemical
wastes may pose environmental, health and safety hazards if not stored and
disposed of in an appropriate manner as outlined in the Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation and the Code of Practice on the Packaging, Labelling
and Storage of Chemical Wastes.
These hazards may include:
·
Toxic effects to workers;
·
Adverse effects on air, water and land
from spills; and
·
Fire hazards.
The amount of
chemical waste that will arise from the construction activities will be highly
dependent on the Contractor’s on-site maintenance activities and the quantity
of plant and equipment utilized.
With respect to the nature of construction works, it is estimated that a
few hundred litres of used lubricant oil will be generated per month during the
construction period. It is
anticipated that the quantities of waste solvent and wasted paint will be
minimal.
With the
incorporation of suitable arrangements for the storage, handling,
transportation and disposal of chemical wastes under the requirements stated in
the Code of Practice on the Packaging,
Labelling and Storage of Chemical Waste, no adverse environmental and
health impacts, and hazards will result from the handling, transportation and
disposal of chemical waste arising from the Project.
Sewage
Sewage will
arise from the construction workforce, site office’s sanitary facilities and
from portable toilets. If not
properly managed, these materials could cause odour and potential health risks
to the workforce by attracting pests and other disease vectors.
It
is conservatively assumed up to 1,600 construction workers will be involved in
the construction of the LNG terminal.
With a sewage generation rate of 0.15 m3/worker/day ([9]), about 240 m3
of sewage will be generated per day.
The sewage generated will either be conveyed to public sewage treatment
works (STW) or treated by on-site STW (see Section
6.6.7). If a small sewage
treatment work (STW) will be used, the sewage will be treated to the required
effluent discharge standards as stipulated in the Technical Memorandum on
Standards for Effluents Discharged into Drainage and Sewerage Systems, Inland
and Coastal Waters before discharging into sea. Therefore, no adverse water quality
impacts are envisaged. The
wastewater discharge impacts have also been discussed in Section 6. Since the
site is remote and the plant will be designed and operated to reduce odour,
adverse odour and noise impacts are not expected.
About
0.26 m3 (at 30% dry solids) of dewatered sewage sludge will be
produced per day from the operation of the sewage treatment plant. It will be disposed of directly to the
WENT Landfill. Due to the small
quantity of sludge to be disposed of at landfill, it will not have adverse
operational to the landfill.
Since the STW
will be enclosed and the nearest ASR is identified at 600 m away, potential
odour impact from the STW will be negligible.
General Refuse
The presence
of a construction site with workers and associated site office will result in
the generation of general refuse (mainly consist of food waste, aluminium cans
and waste paper) which requires off-site disposal. The storage of general refuse has the
potential to give rise to adverse environmental impacts. These include odour if the waste is not
collected frequently, windblown litter, water quality impacts if waste enters
water bodies, and visual impact.
These secondary impacts are discussed in Section 6. The site may also attract pests, vermin,
and other disease vectors if the waste storage areas are not well maintained
and cleaned regularly. Licensed
chemical waste management contractor will be engaged for the collection,
handling, transportation and disposal of the general refuse.
Assuming up to
1,600 construction workers will be working on site at any one time. With a general refuse generation rate of
0.65 kg per worker per day (),
the amount of general refuse to be generated will be about 1,040 kg per day.
Recyclable
materials such as paper and aluminium cans will be separated and delivered to
the recyclers. Adequate number of
waste containers will be provided to avoid over-spillage of waste. The non-recyclable waste will be
collected and disposed of at the North West New Territories refuse transfer
station on daily basis. With
respect to the small quantity of general refuse to be transferred via the North
West New Territories refuse transfer station or directly to the WENT Landfill,
it is not anticipated that it will cause adverse operational impact to these
facilities.
Provided that
the mitigation measures recommended in Section
7.6 are adopted,
no adverse environmental impacts caused by the storage, handling, transport and
disposal of general refuse are expected.
7.5.2
Operational
Phase
Dredged Marine
Sediment
As the
proposed Project area is located within the Pearl River Delta, it is
anticipated that continuous deposition of marine sediment will occur through
out the project period. In order to
enable the safe transit of the LNG carrier, periodic maintenance dredging of
the approach channel and turning basin for the LNG carrier will be required. It is anticipated that approximately 10
to 20 cm of marine sediment deposition per year (please refer to Section 6) will occur in the Project
area. Based on this estimate,
maintenance dredging will be required once every four to five years and will be
restricted to the turning basin and approach channel areas. Bathymetric surveys will be carried out
to ascertain the volume of marine sediment to be removed due to siltation.
Regarding the
sediment quality testing results at the turning basin and surrounding area
(summarized in Table 7.4), the
dredged sediment within the turning basin is anticipated to be contaminated and
would be disposed at respective designated sites according to the level of
contamination. However, a separate
sediment quality testing would be conducted prior to the maintenance dredging
works to confirm the level of contamination and to identify the disposal
method. The sediment quality
testing would follow the requirement set out in the ETWBTC 34/2002. The
final disposal site would be determined by the MFC and a dumping licence will
be obtained from the DEP prior to the commencement of the maintenance dredging
works.
Other
potential impact from the maintenance dredging activities, such as water
quality has been discussed in Section 6. Proposed mitigation measures, monitoring
and audit requirement have also been discussed in Section 6.
Industrial
Waste
Industrial waste will arise from the
maintenance activities at the LNG terminal. The materials may include scrap
materials from maintenance of plant and equipment and cleaning materials. Provided the scrap materials are
collected regularly for recycling, it is not expected that storage, handling,
transport and disposal of industrial waste will cause any adverse environmental
impacts. General industrial waste
such as plastic, metal cans and waste paper, will be
collected together with the general refuse disposed of at the refuse transfer
station at North West
New Territories
or directly to WENT Landfill.
Chemical Waste
With
respect to the operation activities of the terminal, it is anticipated that
chemical waste will be generated from laboratory and also the maintenance
activities at the LNG terminal. The
chemical wastes include various chemical reagents, lubricants from air and BOG
compressors, firewater and potable water pumps, generators, and hydraulic
loading arm package. The quantity
of laboratory waste (including various chemical reagents) and used lubricant
oil to be generated are estimated to be 550 m3 and 1.5 m3
per year, respectively([11]). The quantity of the chemical wastes generated
is small. The chemical waste will
be collected by a licensed chemical waste collector for disposal at the
Chemical Waste Treatment Centre at Tsing Yi. The handling, storage, collection and
transportation of chemical waste will be undertaken in accordance with
requirement stated in the Code of
Practice on the Packaging, Labelling and Storage of Chemical Waste, and no
adverse environmental impacts and hazards are anticipated.
Sewage
Sewage
will arise from the operation staff and canteen facilities. Assuming up to 100 staff will be working
on-site and the sewage generated from the sanitary system (about 6 m3
per day) and
kitchen (about 29 m3 per day) will be approximately 35 m3
per day ([12]). A small sewage treatment system will be
provided on-site to treat the wastewater to the required effluent discharge
standards as stipulated in the Technical Memorandum on Standards for
Effluents Discharged into Drainage and Sewerage Systems, Inland and Coastal
Waters before discharging into sea.
Therefore, no adverse water quality impacts are envisaged. Since the site is remote and the plant
will be designed and operated to reduce odour and noise, therefore adverse
odour and noise impacts from the sewage treatment system are not expected.
About
0.02 m3 (at 30% dry solids) of dewatered sewage sludge per day ([13])will
arise from the operation of the sewage treatment plant. It will be disposed of directly to the
WENT Landfill. Due to the small
quantity of sludge to be disposed of at landfill, it will not have any adverse
operational effect to the landfill.
General Refuse
General
refuse will arise from the operation staff and administrative activities. General refuse may consist of food
waste, plastic, aluminium can and waste paper. With a general refuse generation rate of
0.65 kg per worker per day (),
the amount of general refuse to be generated will be about 65 kg per day.
Recyclable materials (i.e. paper,
plastic bottle and aluminium can) will be separated and delivered to recyclers
in order to reduce the amount of general refuse to be disposed of at
landfill. The non-recyclable
general refuse will be disposed of by barge to the refuse transfer station at
North West New Territories or directly to landfill on a regular basis. With respect to the small quantity of
general refuse to be disposed of, no adverse environmental impact associated
with the handling and disposal of the refuse is anticipated.
7.6
Mitigation of Adverse Impacts
This section
recommends the mitigation measures to avoid or reduce potential adverse
environmental impacts associated with handling, collection and disposal of
waste arising from the construction and operation of the proposed LNG terminal.
The
Contractors will incorporate these recommendations into a Waste Management Plan
for the construction works. The
Contractors will submit the plan to CAPCO’s Engineer
Representative for endorsement prior to the commencement of the construction
works. Such plan will incorporate
site-specific factors, such as the designation of areas for the segregation and
temporary storage of reusable and recyclable materials.
It is the
Contractor’s responsibility to ensure that only reputable licensed waste
collectors are used and that appropriate measures to reduce adverse impacts,
including windblown litter and dust from the transportation of these wastes,
are employed. In addition, the
Contractor must ensure that all the necessary permits or licences required
under the Waste Disposal Ordinance
are obtained for the construction and operational phases.
Waste Management
Hierarchy
The various
waste management options are categorised in terms of preference from an
environmental viewpoint. The
options considered to be most preferable have the least environmental impacts
and are more sustainable in the long term.
The hierarchy is as follows:
·
Avoidance and reduction;
·
Reuse of materials;
·
Recovery and recycling; and,
·
Treatment and disposal.
The above
hierarchy has been used to evaluate and select waste management options. The aim has been to reduce waste
generation and reduce waste handling and disposal costs.
CAPCO will
ensure that their contractors consult the EPD for the final disposal of wastes
and as appropriate implement the good site practices and mitigation measures recommended
in this EIA Study and those given below.
·
Nomination of approved personnel to be
responsible for good site practices, arrangements for collection and effective
disposal to an appropriate facility of all wastes generated at the site;
·
Training of site personnel in proper
waste management and chemical handling procedures;
·
Provision of sufficient waste disposal
points and regular collection for disposal;
·
Appropriate measures to reduce
windblown litter and dust transportation of waste by either covering trucks or
by transporting wastes in enclosed containers;
·
Separation of chemical wastes for
special handling and appropriate treatment at the Chemical Waste Treatment
Centre;
·
Regular cleaning and maintenance
programme for drainage systems, sumps and oil interceptors; and
·
A recording system for the amount of
wastes generated/recycled and disposal sites.
Waste
Reduction Measures
Good
management and control can prevent generation of significant amount of
waste. Waste reduction is best
achieved at the planning and design stage, as well as by ensuring the
implementation of good site practices.
Recommendations to achieve waste reduction include:
·
Segregation and storage of different
types of waste in different containers, skips or stockpiles to enhance reuse or
recycling of material and their proper disposal;
·
Encourage collection of aluminium cans
and waste paper by individual collectors during construction with separate
labelled bins provided to segregate these wastes from other general refuse by
the workforce;
·
Any unused chemicals and those with
remaining functional capacity will be recycled as far as possible;
·
Use of reusable non-timber formwork to
reduce the amount of C&D materials;
·
Prior to disposal of construction
waste, wood, steel and other metals will be separated to the extent practical,
for re-use and/or recycling to reduce the quantity of waste to be disposed of
to landfill;
·
Proper storage and site practices to
reduce the potential for damage or contamination of construction materials; and
·
Plan and stock construction materials
carefully to reduce amount of waste generated and avoid unnecessary generation
of waste.
7.6.1
Dredged
Materials
For sediments
dredged during the construction of the LNG terminal, their disposal will be as
indicated in Section 7.5.1, and in accordance with the requirements
of the ETWBTC No 34/2002.
Detailed
sampling and chemical testing will be carried out prior to the commencement of
the dredging activities to confirm the sediment disposal method. The final disposal site will be determined
by the Marine Fill Committee (MFC) and a dumping licence will be obtained from
EPD prior to the commencement of the dredging works. Uncontaminated sediments
will be disposed of at open sea disposal sites designated by the MFC. For contaminated sediments requiring
Type 2 confined marine disposal, CAPCO will ensure that the relevant contract
documents will specify the allocation conditions of the MFC and EPD.
7.6.2
Excavated
Materials
Management of
Waste Disposal
The contractor will open a billing account
with EPD in accordance with the Waste
Disposal (Charges for Disposal of Construction Waste) Regulation for the
payment of disposal charges. Every
waste load transferred to Government waste disposal facilities such as public
fill, sorting facilities, landfills or transfer station will require a valid
“Chit” which contains the information of the account holder to facilitate waste
transaction recording and billing to the waste producer. A trip-ticket system will be established
in accordance with ETWBTC No. 31/2004
to monitor the reuse of surplus excavated materials offsite and disposal of
C&D waste and general refuse at transfer stations/landfills, and to control
fly-tipping. The billing “chit” and
trip-ticket system will be included as one of the contractual requirements and
implemented by the contractor.
CAPCO will also conduct regular audits of the waste management measures
implemented on site as described in the Waste Management Plan.
A recording system (similar to summary
table as shown in Annex 5 and Annex 6 of Appendix G of ETWBTC No. 19/2005) for the amount of waste generated, recycled and
disposed of (including the disposal sites) will be established during the
construction stage.
Measures for the Reduction of C&D
Materials Generation
Majority of the inert C&D materials
(rock and soil) will be reused within the Project. Public fill and construction waste shall
be segregated and stored in different containers or skips to facilitate reuse
or recycling of materials and their proper disposal. Specific areas of the work site will be
designated for such segregation and storage if immediate use is not
practicable.
7.6.3
Chemical
Waste
Chemical waste producers will be
registered with the EPD.
Chemical
waste, as defined by Schedule 1 of
the Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste)
(General) Regulation, will be handled in accordance with the Code of Practice on the Packaging, Handling
and Storage of Chemical Wastes as follows. Containers used for storage of chemical
wastes will:
·
Be suitable for the substance they are
holding, resistant to corrosion, maintained in a good condition, and securely
closed;
·
Have a capacity of less than 450 L
unless the specifications have been approved by the EPD; and
·
Display a label in English and Chinese
in accordance with instructions prescribed in Schedule 2 of the Regulations.
The storage area for chemical wastes
will:
·
Be clearly labelled and used solely for
the storage of chemical waste;
·
Be enclosed on at least 3 sides;
·
Have an impermeable floor and bunding, of capacity to accommodate 110% of the volume of
the largest container or 20% by volume of the chemical waste stored in that
area, whichever is the greatest;
·
Have adequate ventilation;
·
Be covered to prevent rainfall entering
(water collected within the bund must be tested and disposed of as chemical
waste, if necessary); and
·
Be arranged so that incompatible
materials are appropriately separated.
Chemical waste will be disposed of:
·
Via a licensed waste collector; and
·
To a facility licensed to receive
chemical waste, such as the Chemical Waste Treatment Facility which also offers
a chemical waste collection service and can supply the necessary storage
containers.
7.6.4
Sewage
An adequate number of portable toilets
will be provided for the on-site construction workforce. The sewage generated from the
construction works will be treated by on-site sewage treatment plant. The sludge will be sent to the WENT
Landfill by licensed collector on a regular basis.
7.6.5
General
Refuse
General refuse will be stored in
enclosed bins or compaction units separately from construction and chemical
wastes. A reputable waste collector
will be employed by the Contractor to remove general refuse from the site,
separately from construction and chemical wastes, on a daily basis to minimise
odour, pest and litter impacts. The
burning of refuse on construction sites is prohibited by law.
Recycling bins will be provided at
strategic locations to facilitate recovery of aluminium can and waste paper
from the site. Materials recovered
will be sold for recycling.
7.6.6
Industrial
Wastes
Industrial waste arising from
maintenance activities will be segregated.
It is recommended to send scrap metals for recycling to reduce the
overall quantity of waste disposed from these activities.
7.6.7
Staff
Training
Training will be provided to workers on
the concepts of site cleanliness and appropriate waste management procedures,
including waste reduction, reuse and recycling at the beginning of the
construction works.
7.7
Residual Environmental Impacts
With the implementation of the
recommended mitigation measures no adverse residual impacts are anticipated
from the construction and operation of the LNG terminal.
7.8
Environmental Monitoring and Audit Requirements
7.8.1
Construction
Phase
To facilitate
monitoring and control over the contractors’ performance on waste management, a
waste monitoring and audit programme will be implemented throughout the
construction phase. The aims of the
monitoring and audit programme are:
·
To review the Contractor’s WMP
including the quantities and types of C&D materials generated, reused and
disposed of off-site; the amount of fill materials exported from/imported to
the site and the quantity of timber used in temporary works construction for
each process/activity;
·
To monitor the implementation and
achievement of the WMP on site to assess its effectiveness; and
·
To monitor the follow-up action on
deficiencies identified.
Joint site audits by the CAPCO and the
contractor will be undertaken on a weekly basis. Particular attention will be given to
the contractor’s provision of sufficient spaces, adequacy of resources and
facilities for on-site sorting and temporary storage of C&D materials. The C&D materials to be disposed of
from the site will be visually inspected.
The public fill for delivery to the off-site stockpiling area will
contain no observable non-inert materials (e.g. general refuse, timber,
etc). Furthermore, the waste to be
disposed of at refuse transfer stations or landfills will as practicable contains
no observable inert or reusable/recyclable C&D materials (e.g. soil, broken
rock, metal, and paper/cardboard packaging, etc). Any irregularities observed during the
weekly site audits will be raised promptly to the contractor for rectification.
To facilitate assessment of the
effectiveness of the waste management measures, the WMP will state the
performance targets to be achieved in reducing or minimising generation of
C&D materials taking account the site constraints. The performance targets will cover the
following items and will be agreed with the CAPCO at the beginning of the
contract.
·
The percentage of excavated materials
to be sorted to recover the soil and broken rock for reuse on site or deliver
to the off-site stockpiling area;
·
The percentage of metal to be recovered
for collection by recycling contractors; and
·
The percentage of cardboard and paper
packaging (for plant, equipment and materials) to be recovered. The recovered materials will be properly
stockpiled in dry and covered condition to prevent cross contamination by other
wastes.
The findings of the waste audits will
be reported in the Environmental Monitoring and Audit Reports.
7.8.2
Operational
Phase
As it is not expected that large
quantities of waste will be generated from the operation of the LNG terminal
and no adverse environmental impacts will arise with the implementation of good
waste management practices, waste monitoring and audit programme
for the operational phase of the LNG terminal is not required.
7.9
Conclusions
7.9.1
Construction
Phase
Optioneering
has been conducted to try to avoid waste generation and reuse and recycling of
waste generated from the construction of the terminal during the planning and
design stages and consideration of options for layout, construction methods and
programme, and the proposed scheme comprises the Applicants’ proposed best
balance. The key potential impacts
during the construction phase are related to wastes generated from site
clearance, site formation, blasting, dredging, reclamation,
seawall construction, filling and concreting.
It
is estimated that a total of approximately 3.15 Mm3 of marine
sediment will be dredged between late 2008 and early 2010. It is estimated that about a total of
2.76 Mm3 of the sediments are uncontaminated and could be disposed
of at open sea disposal site. About
0.24 Mm3 of the contaminated sediment will be disposed of dedicated
open sea disposal site. The
remaining portion of contaminated sediment (0.15 Mm3) will have to
be disposed of at the confined marine disposal site. The final disposal site will be subject
to detailed sediment sampling, testing and analysis in accordance with the ETWBTCW
34/2002 and disposal method reviewed prior to the commencement of the
dredging activities. In addition,
CAPCO will liaise with the MFC for the designated disposal site and a dumping
licence will be applied from the DEP prior to the commencement of the dredging
work.
Approximately
0.07 Mm3 construction wastes will be generated from the site
clearance works and will be disposed of at the WENT Landfill.
Approximately
0.22 Mm3 of excavated soil will need to be initially removed from
site. Suitable stockpiling sites
are currently being sought at this stage and if this is not possible, the
excavated soil will be reused in other concurrent construction projects either
in Hong Kong or China. If all these
options are not feasible, as a last resort, the surplus excavated soil may have
to be disposed of at the public fill reception facilities at Tuen Mun Area 38 or other
locations as agreed with CEDD.
Due
to limited space on site, it is intended that all the excavated rock
(approximately 0.77 Mm3) generated from the site formation works
will be taken to a quarry in China for processing and subsequently reused
within the project. Some of the
excavated rock may also be sent to the Lam Tei
Quarry.
The
construction programme is preliminary and subject to reduce, therefore, the
Contractor's programme will be reviewed by CAPCO when the construction
programme is finalized.
About
340 m3 of C&D materials will be generated during the construction
of new buildings. A few hundred
litres of used lubrication oil will be generated per month and a maximum of
about 1,040 kg of general refuse will be generated each day. A small quantity of dewatered sludge
(i.e. approximately 0.26 m3 per day) will be generated from the
on-site sewage treatment works. In
view of the small quantity of waste generated, the handling and disposal of the
waste generated from construction of new buildings, chemical wastes, general
refuse and sludge to licensed facilities will not cause any significant
environmental impacts. With the
implementation of the recommendations in Section
7.6, the potential environmental impacts arising from storage, handling,
collection, transport and disposal of wastes is expected to meet the criteria
specified in the EIAO-TM. No adverse waste management impact is
anticipated based on the information available. No residual and cumulative environmental
impacts and hazards associated with handling and disposal of wastes arising
from the construction of the LNG terminal proposed at Black Point are
anticipated.
A Waste
Management Plan will be prepared by the Contractors and will be audited through
the environmental monitoring and auditing (EM&A) programme recommended in Section 7.8 to reduce the potential
environmental impact arising from waste management.
7.9.2
Operational
Phase
With good site
practice, the potential environmental impacts associated with the storage,
handling, collection, transport and disposal of a small quantity of industrial,
general refuse, sewage and chemical wastes arising from the operation of the
LNG terminal proposed at Black Point will meet the criteria specified in the EIAO-TM and no unacceptable waste
management impact is anticipated.
Handling of
marine sediments resulting from maintenance dredging will be carried out in
accordance with the ETWBTCW 34/2002 and disposal method reviewed prior
to the commencement of the dredging activities.
No residual
and cumulative environmental impacts and hazards associated with handling and
disposal of wastes arising from the operation of the LNG terminal proposed at
Black Point are anticipated.