EIA Report -Part 3 Section 8

Table 1 Plant Species Recorded Within the Study Area

				Local Abundance
Species	Growth Form	Origin	Status	Plantation	Shrubland	Shrubby Grassland	Stream/ Channel	Orchard	Developed Area
Acacia confusa	T	E	VC	A	S		F		F
Ageratum conyzoides	H	N	VC		A
Albizia lebbeck	T	N	C	A			F
Aporusa dioica	S	N	VC		F		F
Aquilaria sinensis	T	N	C		O
Arundina graminifolia	H	E	P		S
Arundinella setosa	G	N	C			F
Averrhoa carambola	S	N	C		O
Bambusa sp.	T	N	C		S		S
Bauhinia blackeana	T	N	VC	O				S	F
Breynia fruticosa	S	N	VC		F
Bridelia tomentosa	S	N	VC		F		F
Caesalpinia vernalis	C	N	C		F
Callicarpa cathayana	S	N	C		F
Canthium dicoccum	S	N	C		F
Carex chinensis	Se	N	C				F
Cassia surattensis	T	E	VC	F					F
Cassytha filiformis	C	N	VC		A	O
Casuarina equisetifolia	T	E	VC	O	S
Celtis sinensis	T	N	C		A
Cerbera manghas	T	E	C		O
Cinnamomum camphora	T	N	C		O
Citrus sinensis	S	E	C					F
Clausena lansium	S	N	VC					F
Cocculus orbiculatus	C	N	C		O
Dalbergia benthami	C	N	C	F	F		O
Dalbergia millettii	C	N	VC	F	F
Daphniphyllum calycinum	T	N	C		F
Desmos cochinchinensis	S	N	VC		F
Dicranopteris linearis	F	N	VC				O
Digitaria sanquinalis	G	N	C			A
Dimocarpus longan	T	N	C					D
Diospyros morrisiana	S	N	C		O	O
Duranta repens	S	E	C						F
Embelia laeta	C	N	VC		F	F	O
Embelia ribes	C	N	C		O	F
Eurya nitida	S	N	VC		F	F
Ficus hispida	T	N	VC				O
Ficus microcarpa	T	N	VC		O				O
Ficus superba	T	N	VC		F
Garcinia oblongifolia	T	N	C		F
Glochidion lanceolatum	S	N	C		F
Gnetum montanum	C	N	C		O
Gordonia axillaris	S	N	C		A	O
Ilex asprella	S	N	VC		F	O
Ilex pubescens	S	N	C		F	O
Ilex rotunda	S	N	VC		O
Ischaemum aristatum	G	N	VC			A
Lantana camara	S	E	VC		F	O
Leucaena leucocephala	S	N	VC		F
Ligustrum sinensis	S	N	VC		F	O
Litchi chinensis	T	N	C					D
Litsea glutinosa	T	N	VC		F	O
Litsea rotundifolia	S	N	VC		A
Lophostemon conferta	T	E	VC	F
Lygodium dichotomum	C	N	VC				F
Macaranga tanarius	T	N	VC		S			F
Mallotus paniculatus	T	N	C		O
Melaleuca leucadendron	T	E	C	A					F
Melastoma candidum	S	N	VC	F	F	O
Melastoma sanguineum	S	N	VC	F	F	O
Millettia reticulata	C	N	VC		F
Miscanthus floridulus	G	N	VC	O	O	O	F
Miscanthus sinensis	G	N	VC	O	O	F
Morus alba	S	N	C		S
Nepenthes mirabilis	H	N	P		S
Neyraudia arundinacea	G	N	VC	F	O	O	F
Pandanus forceps	S	N	C		O		F
Pandanus tectorius	S	N	VC		O		F
Panicum maximum	G	N	C	O		O
Phoenix hanceana	P	N	C		O
Phyllanthus emblica	T	N	C		F
Phyllanthus cochinchinensis	S	N	VC		F	O
Pluchea indica	H	N	C		S
Psychotria rubra	S	N	VC		F
Rapanea neriifolia	S	N	C		O
Rhaphiolepis indica	S	N	VC		F	O
Rhodomyrtus tomentosa	S	N	VC	F		O
Rhus chinensis	S	N	VC		F		O
Rhus succedanea	S	N	VC	F	F		O
Rhynchelytrum repens	G	N	VC			F
Sapium discolor	S	N	C		O
Schefflera octophylla	S	N	VC	O	F				F
Smilax china	C	N	VC		F
Sterculia lanceolata	T	N	C		A
Thespesia populnea	T	N	C		O
Trema orientalis	S	N	VC		F
Wikstroemia chinensis	S	N	VC		F	O
Uvaria microcarpa	C	N	C		O
Zanthoxylum nitidum	S	N	C		O
Zoysia matrella	G	N	C				O
Total no. of species				18	70	25	18	6	7

Notes: Code for abundance: A=Abundant; F=Frequent; O=Occasional; S=Scarce; Code for Status: C=Common; VC=Very Common; P=Protected; Code for Plant Form: C=Climber; H=Herb; Se=Sedge; G=Grass; F=Fern; P=Palm; S=Shrub; T=Tree; Code for Origin: N=Native; E=Exotic

Table 2a Plantation Recorded at Black Point in Comparison with Other Areas in the Vicinity and North Lantau

Location ⁽¹⁾	Size of the Study Area (ha)	Size and % Coverage of Woodland	Number of Plant Species Record	Floristic Diversity	Structural Complexity	Dominant Plant Species	Number of Species of Ecological/Conservation Interest
Black Point
Current study	120	Plantation 2.9 ha (2.4%)	18	Low	Low	Acacia confusa, Albizia lebbeck, Melaleuca leucadendron, Lophostemon conferta and Cassia surrattensis	Nil
Lung Kwu Chau
MCAL 2001	39	Only a few stands of exotic trees 0.4 ha (< 1%) ⁽²⁾	3	No information	No information	Acacia confusa, Casuarina equisetifolia and Leucaena leucocephala	Nil
Penny’s Bay
ERM 2000a	514	51 ha (<1%) ⁽²⁾	5	Low	Low	Acacia confusa and Leucaena leucocephala	Nil
North Lantau
ERM 2000b	2,600	130 ha (< 5%) ⁽²⁾	5	Low	Low	Acacia confusa and Leucaena leucocephala	Nil

Notes: (1) Other areas without the specified habitat are not shown.

MCAL 2001- Mouchel Asia Ltd (2001). Improvement to Tung Chung Road between Lung Tseng Tau and Cheung Sha. EIA Report.

ERM 2000a – ERM HK Ltd (2000). Environmental Impact Assessment of the Construction of an International Theme Park in Penny’s Bay of North Lantau and its Essential Associated Infrastructures, prepared for Civil Engineering Department.

ERM 2000b - ERM – HK Ltd (2000). Environmental Impact Assessment of the Northshore Lantau Development Feasibility Study, prepared for Civil Engineering Department.

(2) Area estimated from the habitat map presented in the report.

Table 2b Shrubland Recorded at Black Point in Comparison with Other Areas in the Vicinity and North Lantau

Location ⁽¹⁾	Size of the Areas (ha)	Size and % Coverage of Shrubland	Number of Plant Species Record	Floristic Diversity	Structural Complexity	Dominant Plant Species	Number of Species of Ecological/Conservation Interest
Black Point
Current Study	120	Shrubland 86 ha (72%)	70	Low to moderate or moderate	Low to moderate or moderate	Celtis sinensis, Aporusa dioica, Cassytha filiformis, Gordonia axillaries, Litsea rotundifolia, Sterculia lanceolata and Caesalpinia vernalis	Bamboo Orchid and Pitcher Plant
Lung Kwu Chau
MCAL 2001	39	Shrubland 2 ha (< 5%) ⁽²⁾	Not provided	Not provided	Not provided	Not provided	Not provided
Nim Wan
ERM 2000a	27	8.1 ha (30%) ⁽²⁾	13	Low	Low	Rhodomyrtus tomentosa, Baeckea frutescens and Rhaphiolepis indica.	Nil
Siu Ho Wan
ERM 2000a	110	Shrubland 38.5 ha (35%) ⁽²⁾	53	Moderate	Moderate	Trema orientalis, Mallotus paniculata, Dalbergia hancei and Liquidamber formosana	Pavetta hongkongensis
WENT landfill Extensions
Scott Wilson 2003	150	Mixed shrubland 90 ha (60%) ⁽²⁾	Not mentioned	Low	Low	Not mentioned	Pitcher Plant
Penny’s Bay
ERM 2000b	514	Tall shrubland 103 ha (20%) ⁽²⁾	53	Low	Low	Cratoxylum cochinchinense, Litsea rotundifolia, Litsea glutinosa, Microcos paniculata and Rhus succedanea.	Nil
North Lantau
ERM 2000c	2,600	Shrubland 1560 ha (60%) ⁽²⁾	93	Medium	Moderate	Cratoxylum cochinchinense, Litsea rotundifolia, Litsea glutinosa, Schefflera octophylla and Rhus succedanea	7

Notes: (1) Other areas without the specified habitat are not shown.

MCAL 2001- Mouchel Asia Ltd (2001). Improvement to Tung Chung Road between Lung Tseng Tau and Cheung Sha. EIA Report.

ERM 2000a- ERM - Hong Kong Ltd (2000a). Sludge Treatment and Disposal Strategy: Site Specific Feasibility Study of Sludge Management Strategy (SMS) and Sludge Disposal Plan (SDS) – Volume 2 (Annexes). Final Report. For the Environmental Protection Department

Scott Wilson 2003-Scott Wilson (Hong Kong) Ltd (2000). Tai O Sheltered Boat Anchorage Environmental and Drainage Impact Assessment for Civil Engineering Department. Environmental Impact Assessment-Final Assessment Report.

ERM 2000c - ERM – HK Ltd (2000). Environmental Impact Assessment of the Northshore Lantau Development Feasibility Study, prepared for Civil Engineering Department.

(2) Area estimated from the habitat map presented in the report.

Table 2c Shrubby Grassland Recorded at Black Point in Comparison with Other Area in the Vicinity and North Lantau

Location ⁽¹⁾	Size of the Areas (ha)	Size and % Coverage of Shrubland	Number of Plant Species Record	Floristic Diversity	Structural Complexity	Dominant Plant Species	Number of Species of Ecological/Conservation Interest
Black Point
Current Study	120	Shrubby grassland 46.6 ha (39%)	25	Low	Low	Ischaemum aristatum, Digitaria sanquinalis and Rhynchelytrum repens	Nil
Lung Kwu Chau
MCAL 2001	39	Shrubby grassland 35 ha (> 90%)⁽²⁾	Only 6 representative plant species listed	Low	Low	Rhodomrytus sp. And Gordonia sp.	Nil
Siu Ho Wan
ERM 2000a	110	Shrubland and grassland mosaic 16.5 ha (15%) ⁽²⁾	33	Low	Low	Arundinella critinum, Miscanthus floridulus, Eremochloa ciliaris and Eulalia contorta.	Rhododendron spp.
WENT Landfill Extensions
Scott Wilson 2003	150	Approximately 22.5 ha (15%) ⁽²⁾	Not provided	Not provided	Not provided	Not provided	Not provided
Penny’s Bay
ERM 2000b	514	Grassland & shrubland mosaic 359 ha (70%) ⁽²⁾	68	Low to moderate	Low to moderate	Baeckea frutescens, Arundinella setosa, Cymbopogon goeringii, Eulalia quadrinervis, Isachaemum barbartum and the fern Dicranopteris pedata	Nil
North Lantau
ERM 2000c	2, 600	Shrubland and grassland mosaic 260 ha (10%) ⁽²⁾	90	Low to moderate	Low to moderate	Baeckea frutescens, Arundinella setosa, Cymbopogon goeringii, Eulalia quadrinervis, Isachaemum barbartum and the fern Dicranopteris linearis	Nil

Notes: (1) Other areas without the specified habitat are not shown.

MCAL 2001- Mouchel Asia Ltd (2001). Improvement to Tung Chung Road between Lung Tseng Tau and Cheung Sha. EIA Report.

ERM 2000b- ERM – Hong Kong Ltd (2000b). Environmental Impact Assessment, Construction of an International Theme Park in Penny’s Bay of North Lantau and its Essential Associated Infrastructures. Final EIA Report Annex (Volume 1)ERM 2000c - ERM – HK Ltd (2000). Environmental Impact Assessment of the Northshore Lantau Development Feasibility Study, prepared for Civil Engineering Department.

(2) Area estimated from the habitat map presented in the report.

Table 2d Stream Recorded at Black Point in Comparison with Other Area in the Vicinity and North Lantau

Location ⁽¹⁾	Size of the Areas (ha)	Number of Streams and Length (Km)	Seasonal or Permanent	Floristic Diversity	Natural or Artificial	Abundance of Stream Fauna	Number of Species of Ecological/Conservation Interests
Black Point
Current Study	120	1 stream Length: 0.72 km	Seasonal	Low to moderate	Mostly natural	Nil	1 (Lesser Spiny Frog)
Nim Wan
ERM 2000a	27	3	Permanent	Low	Natural	Low	Pitcher Plant and Eriocaulon wallichianum
Siu Ho Wan
ERM 2000a	110	1	Seasonal		Partially artificial	Nil	Nil
WENT Landfill Extensions
Scott Wilson 2003	150	1 (Tseng Kok stream)	Permanent	Not mentioned	Natural	Moderate	Nil
Penny’s Bay
ERM 2000b	514	4	Permanent	Low	Natural	Low	Nil
North Lantau
ERM 2000c	2,600	9	Permanent	Moderate	Natural	Low	Nil

Notes: (1) Other areas without the specified habitat are not shown.

ERM 2000b- ERM – Hong Kong Ltd (2000b). Environmental Impact Assessment, Construction of an International Theme Park in Penny’s Bay of North Lantau and its Essential Associated Infrastructures. Final EIA Report Annex (Volume 1) ERM 2000c - ERM – HK Ltd (2000). Environmental Impact Assessment of the Northshore Lantau Development Feasibility Study, prepared for Civil Engineering Department.

Table 2e Orchard Recorded at Black Point in Comparison with Other Areas in the Vicinity and North Lantau

Location ⁽¹⁾	Size of the Areas (ha)	Size and % Coverage of Orchard	Number of Plant Species Record	Floristic Diversity	Structural Complexity	Dominant Plant Species	Number of Species of Ecological/Conservation Interest
Black Point
Current Study	120	Orchard 1.4 ha (1.1%)	6	Low	Low	Dimocarpus longan and Litchi chinensis	Nil
Penny’s Bay
ERM 2000b	514	Orchard 5 ha (< 1%) ⁽²⁾	Not mentioned	Low to moderate	Low to moderate	Dimocarpus longan, Acacia confusa, Albizia lebbeck and Clausena lansium	Nil
North Lantau
ERM 2000c	2,600	Orchard 26 ha (< 1 %) ⁽²⁾	42	Low	Low	Acacia confusa and Albizia lebbeck	Nil

Notes: (1) Other areas without the specified habitat are not shown.

ERM 2000c - ERM – HK Ltd (2000). Environmental Impact Assessment of the Northshore Lantau Development Feasibility Study, prepared for Civil Engineering Department.

(2) Area estimated from the habitat map presented in the report.

Table 2f Developed Area Recorded at Black Point in Comparison with Other Areas in the Vicinity and North Lantau

Location ⁽¹⁾	Size of the Areas (ha)	Size and % Coverage of Developed Area	Number of Plant Species Recorded	Components of Disturbed Area	Floristic Diversity	Dominant Plant Species	Number of Plant Species of Ecological/Conservation Interest
Black Point
Current Study	120	43.6 ha (36.6%)	7	Concrete path, helicopter landsite, pier and abandoned houses.	Low	Araucaria heterophylla and Acalypha wilkeesiana	Nil
Lung Kwu Chau
MCAL 2001	39	2 ha (< 5 %) ⁽²⁾	Not provided	Concrete path, radar station and facilities.	Not provided	Not provided	Not provided
Siu Ho Wan
ERM 2000a	110	55 ha (50%) ⁽²⁾	Not provided	North Lantau Highway, car service facilities and water treatment plant.	Not provided	Not provided	Not provided

Notes: (1) Other areas without the specified habitat are not shown.

MCAL 2001- Mouchel Asia Ltd (2001). Improvement to Tung Chung Road between Lung Tseng Tau and Cheung Sha. EIA Report.

(2) Area estimated from the habitat map presented in the report.

Table3 Bird Species Recorded Within the Study Area

Common Name	Species Name	Habitat (Dry Season)	Habitat (Wet Season)	Commonness	Status
Barn Swallow	Hirundo rustica	SG, ST	P, SG, ST	CW	SV, PM
Black Drongo	Dicrurus macrocercus		P, SG	CW	SV
Black Kite	Milvus migrans	D, SG, ST	SG, ST	CW	R
Black-collared Starling	Sturnus nigricollis		C, P	CW	R
Black-faced Bunting	Emberiza spodocephala	SG		CW	WV
Blue Rock Thrush	Monticola solitarius	SG		U	R
Blue Whistling Thrush	Myophonus caeruleus		SG	CW	R
Chestnut Bulbul	Hypsipetes castanonotus	P, ST		R	R
Chinese Bulbul	Pycnonotus sinensis	OR, P, ST, SG, ST	OR, P, ST, SG, ST	CW	R
Chinese Bush Warbler	Cettia canturians		ST	U	WV
Chinese Francolin	Francolinus pintadeanus		P	CW	R
Chinese Pond Heron	Ardeola bacchus		(Sea)	CW	R
Common Kingfisher	Alcedo atthis		C	CW	R
Common Koel	Eudynamys scolopacea		P	CW	R
Common Magpie	Pica pica	D, P, SG	D, P	CW	R
Common Sandpiper	Actitis hypoleucos	C, RS		CW	PM, WV
Common Tailorbird	Orthotomus sutorius	OR, P, SG, ST	OR, P, SG	CW	R
Crested Myna	Acridotheres cristatellus	D, SG, ST	D, P, ST	CW	R
Daurian Redstart	Phoenicurus auroreus	D, P, SG, ST		U	WV
Domestic Pigeon	Columba livia	D	SG	U	R
Dusky Warbler	Phylloscopus fuscatus	ST		U	WV
Eurasian Tree Sparrow	Passer montanus		D, P	CW	R
Great Tit	Parus major	OR, P, ST	P	CW	R
Greater Coucal	Centropus sinensis	ST	P, SG, ST	CW	R
Grey Wagtail	Motacilla cinerea	C, D, OR, ST	C, D, P	CW	WV
Grey-backed Thrush	Turdus hortulorum	OR, P, SG, ST		U	WV
Grey-capped Greenfinch	Carduelis sinica		ST	R	R
Hair-crested Drongo	Dicrurus hottentottus		OR	U	SV
Indian Cuckoo	Cuculus micropterus		P	U	SV
Japanese White-eye	Zosterops japonicus	D, OR, P, S	P, SG, S	CW	R
Large-billed Crow	Corvus macrorhynchos	D, SG, S	D, S	CW	R
Little Bunting	Emberiza pusilla	SG		U	PM, WV
Little Egret	Egretta garzetta	RS, (Sea)	RS, (Sea)	CW	R
Little Swift	Apus affinis	SG, S	SG, S	CW	R, PM
Long-tailed Shrike	Lanius schach	P, SG, S	P, SG	CW	R
Masked Laughing Thrush	Garrulax perspicillatus	OR, SG, S	OR, P, S, SG, S	CW	R
Olive-backed Pipit	Anthus hodgsoni	C, D, S	OR	CW	WV
Oriental Magpie Robin	Copsychus saularis	C, D, OR, P, S, TS	C, D, OR, P, TS	CW	R
Pallas’s Leaf Warbler	Phylloscopus proregulus	P		U	WV
Plumbeous Redstart	Rhyacornis fuliginosus	RS		R	WV
Red Turtle Dove	Streptopelia tranquebarica		SG	R	PM, WV
Red-flanked Bluetail	Tarsiger cyanurus	OR		U	WV
Red-whiskered Bulbul	Pycnonotus jocosus	OR, P, S, TS	OR, P, S, SG, TS	CW	R
Richard’s Pipit	Anthus richardi	SG		CW	R, PM, WV
Scaly-breasted Munia	Lonchura punctulata		D, TS	U	R
Sooty-headed Bulbul	Pycnonotus aurigaster	D, P, TS	P, SG	CW	R
Spotted Dove	Streptopelia chinensis	D, OR, SG, TS	D, OR, P, SG	CW	R
White Wagtail	Motacilla alba	C, D, P, RS, S	C, D, RS, S	CW	WV
White-bellied Sea Eagle	Haliaeetus leucogaster		SG	U	R
White-rumped Munia	Lonchura striata		P	U	R
White-throated Kingfisher	Halcyon smyrnensis		C, S, SG, TS	CW	R
Yellow-bellied Prinia	Prinia flaviventris	SG, TS	SG, TS	CW	R
Yellow-browed Warbler	Phylloscopus inornatus	P		CW	WV

Habitats: C = channel, D = developed area, OR = orchard, P = plantation, RS = rocky shore, ST = stream, SG = shrubby grassland, S = shrubland.

Commonness & Distribution: CW = common and widespread, U = uncommon and localised, R = rare and localized, VR = very rare.

Status: PM-Passage migrant, R-Resident, SV-Summer visitor, WV-Winter visitor

Commonness and status of birds are reference to C Viney, Karen Philipps and Lam Chiu Ying (1993) Birds of Hong Kong and South China.

Table 4 Bird Species Recorded Within the Study Area during Point Count Survey

Common Name	Species Name	Developed Area			Orchard			Plantation			Stream/Channel			Shrubby Grassland			Shrubland
		Dry	Wet	Overall	Dry	Wet	Overall	Dry	Wet	Overall	Dry	Wet	Overall	Dry	Wet	Overall	Dry	Wet	Overall
Barn Swallow	Hirundo rustica								2	2				18	12	30	8	6	14
Black Kite	Milvus migrans		1	1					1	1				5	1	6		1	1
Chinese Bulbul	Pycnonotus sinensis					6	6	9	3	12	2	14	16	5	17	22	18	16	34
Common Kingfisher	Alcedo atthis											1	1
Common Magpie	Pica pica	1		1					1	1
Common Tailorbird	Orthotomus sutorius				2	7	9		1	1
Crested Myna	Acridotheres cristatellus	4	3	7								1	1
Daurian Redstart	Phoenicurus auroreus							2		2
Dusky Warbler	Phylloscopus fuscatus										1		1
Great Tit	Parus major				1		1		2	2
Grey Wagtail	Motacilla cinerea				1		1				1		1
Grey-backed Thrush	Turdus hortulorum				1		1				1		1
Grey-capped Greenfinch	Carduelis sinica											2	2
Hair-crested Drongo	Dicrurus hottentottus					2	2
Japanese White-eye	Zosterops japonicus							2	1	3
Large-billed Crow	Corvus macrorhynchos	1		1
Little Bunting	Emberiza pusilla													2		2
Little Swift	Apus affinis																1	1	2
Long-tailed Shrike	Lanius schach								1	1				1	1	2
Masked Laughingthrush	Garrulax perspicillatus				4		4		2	2		4	4	2	7	9	2	2	4
Olive-backed Pipit	Anthus hodgsoni					1	1					2	2
Oriental Magpie Robin	Copsychus saularis				1	3	4		4	4	1	5	6				2		2
Pallas' Leaf Warbler	Phylloscopus proregulus							1		1
Red-flanked Bluetail	Tarsiger cyanurus				1		1
Red-whiskered Bulbul	Pycnonotus jocosus					3	3	2	9	11	8	4	12	2	7	9	9	7	16
Scaly-breasted Munia	Lonchura punctulata		3	3					4	4
Sooty-headed Bulbul	Pycnonotus aurigaster							6	1	7					1	1
Spotted Dove	Streptopelia chinensis	2		2	1	7	8		3	3							3		3
White Wagtail	Motacilla alba	5	1	6				1		1	8	2	10
White-throated Kingfisher	Halcyon smyrnensis											2	2
Yellow-bellied Prinia	Prinia flaviventris														3	3	1		1
	Total number of species	5	4	7	8	7	12	7	14	17	7	10	13	7	8	9	8	6	9
	Total number of birds	13	8	21	12	29	41	23	35	58	22	37	59	35	49	84	44	33	77

Table 5 Bird Species Recorded at Black Point in Comparison with Other Areas in the Vicinity and North Lantau

Location ⁽¹⁾	Size of Study Area (ha)	Habitats Recorded within the Study Area	Survey Effort	Number of Species Record	Total Number of Individuals Recorded	Number of Species of Ecological/Conservation Interest
Black Point
Current study	120	Plantation, shrubland, shrubby grassland, stream/channel, orchard and developed area.	4 days in dry season and 4 days in wet season (Feb – Jul 2004).	Total: 53 plantation (24), shrubland (23), shrubby grassland (22), stream/channel (7), orchard (13) and developed area (14).	340	Total: 3 (Greater Coucal, White-bellied Sea Eagle and Black Kite) Shrubby grassland (3), shrubland (2), stream (1)
Lung Kwu Chau
MCAL 2001	39	Backshore vegetation, shrubland grassland mosaic	3 days in dry season and 1 day in wet season (Feb 2001 to Feb 2002)	Total: 19 Habitat not mentioned	Not quantified	Total: 2 Habitat not mentioned
Nim Wan
ERM 2000a	27	Woodland, shrubland, marsh, intertidal channel, stream and cultural site	1 day in dry season and 1 day in wet season (June 1999 and Jan 2000).	Total: 20 Woodland (17) Intertidal channel (6), marsh (8).	Not quantified	Total: 5 (Black Kite, Chinese Pond Heron, Greater Coucal, Chinese Francolin and Little Egret) Woodland (4), intertidal channel (2), marsh (1).
Siu Ho Wan
ERM 2000a	110	Grassland, Shrubland, woodland, stream, shore habitat,	Not mentioned	Woodland (4)	Not quantified	Total: 1 (Greater Coucal) Woodland (1)
WENT Landfill Extensions
Scott Wilson 2003	150	Woodland, shrubland and grassland	Not mentioned	Not mentioned	Not quantified	Total: 2 (Little Grebe and Little Ringed Plover)

Penny’s Bay
ERM 2000b	514	Secondary Woodland, plantation, tall shrubland, grass mosaic, stream, wasteland, wetland orchard/village, backshore vegetation, wetland, and abandoned farmland.	5 days in dry season (Jan 1999) and 2 days in wet season (Jul1999).	32	Not quantified	Total: 2 (Black Kite and Sparrowhawk) Tall shrubland (2)
North Lantau
ERM 1998	2,600	Secondary woodland, plantation, tall shrubland, grass mosaic, stream, wasteland, wetland orchard/village, backshore vegetation, wetland, and abandoned farmland.	5 days in dry season (Jan, Feb, Nov and Dec 1999) and 2 days in wet season (July 1999).	59	Not quantified	Total: 4 (Black Kite, White-bellied Sea Eagle, Woodcock and Sparrowhawk) Tall shrubland (4)

Notes: (1) Other areas without the specified habitat are not shown.

MCAL 2001- Mouchel Asia Ltd (2001). Improvement to Tung Chung Road between Lung Tseng Tau and Cheung Sha. EIA Report.

ERM 2000a- ERM - Hong Kong Ltd (2000). Sludge Treatment and Disposal Strategy: Site Specific Feasibility Study of Sludge Management Strategy (SMS) and Sludge Disposal Plan (SDS) – Volume 2 (Annexes). Final Report. For the Environmental Protection Department

ERM 2000b-ERM – Hong Kong Ltd (2000). Environmental Impact Assessment, Construction of an International Theme Park in Penny’s Bay of North Lantau and its Essential Associated Infrastructures. Final EIA Report Annex (Volume 1)

Scott Wilson 2000- Scott Wilson (Hong Kong) Ltd (2000). Tai O Sheltered Boat Anchorage Environmental and Drainage Impact Assessment for Civil Engineering Department. Environmental Impact Assessment-Final Assessment Report.

ERM 1998-ERM (1998). Environmental Impact Assessment of a 1800 MW Gas-Fired Power Station at Lamma Extension: Marine Ecological Assessment – Final Benthic Ecology Survey Report, Final Survey Report, prepared for the Hong Kong Electric Co Ltd.

Table 6a Butterfly Species Recorded within the Study Area at Black Point

Common Name	Species Name	Habitat Dry Season	Habitat Record in Wet Season	Commonness
Angled Castor	Ariadne ariadne	P		C
Black Prince	Rohana parisatis		SG	C
Blue-spotted Crow	Euploea midamus		SG	VC
Ceylon Blue Tiger	Ideopsis similis		SG	VC
Chestnut Angle	Odontoptilum augulatum		SG	C
Common Black Jezebel	Delias pasithoe	S, SG		VC
Common Bluebottle	Graphium sarpedon	SG	SG, P	VC
Common Five Ring	Ypthima baldus		OR, SG	C
Common Grass Yellow	Eumeces hecabe	P, SG	P, S, SG	VC
Common Gull	Cepora nerissa		P, S, SG	C
Common Mormon	Papilio polytes	P, S	P, S, SG, OR	VC
Common Sailor	Neptis hylas	OR, SG	P, S, SG, OR	VC
Dark-band Bush Brown	Mycalesis mineus		P, S, SG	VC
Great Eggfly	Hypolimnas bolina	OR, SG	S, SG, OR	C
Great Mormon	Papilio memnon		P, S, SG	VC
Great Orange Tip	Hebomoia glaucippe	P	P	C
Indian Cabbage White	Pieris canidia	S	P, S, SG, OR	VC
Indian Fritillary	Argyreus hyperbius		SG	C
Large Faun	Faunis eumeus		P, OR	VC
Lemon Pansy	Junonia lemonias		SG	C
Lime Blue	Chilades lajus	OR	P, S, SG	VC
Mapwing	Cyrestis thalamus		P	C
Pale Grass Blue	Zizeeria maha		S, SG, OR	VC
Paris Peacock	Papilio paris		P, SG	VC
Plum Judy	Abisara echerius	S, SG	P, S	VC
Punchinello	Zemeros flegyas	P, S	OR, SG	C
Red Helen	Papilio helenus	S	P, SG	VC
Red Lacewing	Cethosia biblis		S	R
Red Ring Skirt	Hestina assimilis	S		C
Rustic	Cupha erymanthis		S	VC
Spangle	Papilio protenor		S	VC
Spotted Sawtooth	Prioneris thestylis		P	R
Straight Five-ring	Ypthima lisandra	P	P	VC
Tailed Cupid	Everes lacturnus		SG	C
Tailed Jay	Graphium agamemnon	SG		VC
Tailed Sulphur	Dercas verhuelli		SG	UC
Yellow Pansy	Junonia hierta	SG	SG	UC

Notes: Habitat: SG = shrubby grassland, S = shrubland, P = plantation, OR = orchard

Commonness of butterflies is reference to Yiu V (2004). Field Guide to the butterflies of Hong Kong.

Table 6b Butterfly Species and Their Abundance Recorded at Black Point in Dry Season

Common Name	Species Name	Habitat				Commonness
		P	OR	S	SG
Angled Castor	Ariadne ariadne	1				C
Common Black Jezebel	Delias pasithoe			1	2	VC
Common Bluebottle	Graphium sarpedon				2	VC
Common Grass Yellow	Eumeces hecabe	1			2	VC
Common Mormon	Papilio polytes	5		2		VC
Common Sailor	Neptis hylas		1		1	VC
Great Eggfly	Hypolimnas bolina		1		1	C
Indian Cabbage White	Pieris canidia			1		VC
Lime Blue	Chilades lajus		4			VC
Plum Judy	Abisara echerius			1	1	VC
Punchinello	Zemeros flegyas	1		7		C
Red Helen	Papilio helenus			1		VC
Red Ring Skirt	Hestina assimilis			1		C
Straight Five-ring	Ypthima lisandra	1				VC
Tailed Jay	Graphium agamemnon				1	VC
Yellow Pansy	Junonia hierta				1	UC
Total butterflies		9	6	14	11
Total species		5	3	7	8

Notes: Habitat: SG = shrubby grassland, S = shrubland, P = plantation, OR = orchard. No butterfly was recorded in stream/channel. Commonness: VC = very common, C = common, UC = uncommon, R =rare. Commonness of butterflies is reference to Yiu V (2004). Field Guide to the butterflies of Hong Kong.

Table 6c Butterfly Species and Their Abundance Recorded at Black Point in Wet Season

Common Name	Species Name	Habitat				Commonness
		P	OR	S	SG
Black Prince	Rohana parisatis				2	C
Blue-spotted Crow	Euploea midamus				1	VC
Ceylon Blue Tiger	Ideopsis similis				1	VC
Chestnut Angle	Odontoptilum augulatum				1	C
Common Bluebottle	Graphium sarpedon	2			13	VC
Common Five Ring	Ypthima baldus		2		1	C
Common Grass Yellow	Eumeces hecabe	8		9	6	VC
Common Gull	Cepora nerissa	2		1	1	C
Common Mormon	Papilio polytes	4	1	5	7	VC
Common Sailor	Neptis hylas	1	1	1	3	VC
Dark-band Bush Brown	Mycalesis mineus	1		1	3	VC
Great Eggfly	Hypolimnas bolina		1	1	1	C
Great Mormon	Papilio memnon	3		2	1	VC
Indian Cabbage White	Pieris canidia	2	2	7	7	VC
Large Faun	Faunis eumeus	1	1			VC
Lemon Pansy	Junonia lemonias				1	C
Lime Blue	Chilades lajus	2		5	10	VC
Mapwing	Cyrestis thalamus	1				C
Pale Grass Blue	Zizeeria maha		1	3	2	VC
Paris Peacock	Papilio paris	4			8	VC
Plum Judy	Abisara echerius	5		1		VC
Punchinello	Zemeros flegyas		1		4	C
Red Helen	Papilio helenus	1			2	VC
Red Lacewing	Cethosia biblis			1		R
Rustic	Cupha erymanthis			1		VC
Spangle	Papilio protenor			3		VC
Spotted Sawtooth	Prioneris thestylis	1				R
Straight Five-ring	Ypthima lisandra	1				VC
Tailed Cupid	Everes lacturnus				1	C
Tailed Sulphur	Dercas verhuelli				3	UC
Yellow Pansy	Junonia hierta				1	UC
Total butterflies		39	10	41	80
Total species		16	8	14	23

Habitat: SG = shrubby grassland, S = shrubland, P = plantation, OR = orchard

No butterfly was recorded in channel. Commonness: VC = very common, C = common, UC = uncommon, R =rare. Commonness of butterflies is reference to Yiu V (2004). Field Guide to the butterflies of Hong Kong.

Table 7 Butterfly Species Recorded at Black Point in Comparison with Other Areas and North Lantau

Location ⁽¹⁾	Size of Study Area (ha)	Habitats Recorded within the Study Area	Survey Efforts	Number of Species Recorded	Total Number of Individuals Recorded	Number of Species of Ecological/Conservation Interests
Black Point
Current study	120	Plantation, shrubland, shrubby grassland, orchard, stream/channel and developed area.	4 days during dry season (Feb – Mar 04) and 4 days during wet season (Apr – July 04).	Total: 37 Plantation (12), shrubland (12), shrubby grassland (29), Orchard (11).	210	Total: 4 (Yellow Pansy, Red Lacewing, Tailed Sulphur and Spotted Sawtooth) Shrubland (1), shrubby grassland (2), plantation (1).
Lung Kwu Chau
MCAL 2001	39	Backshore vegetation, shrubland and grassland mosaic	1 day during dry season (Feb 2001) and 1 day during wet season (Aug 2001).	Nil	Nil	Nil
Penny’s Bay
ERM 2000b	514	Secondary woodland, tall shrubland, shrubland and grassland mosaic, plantation, abandoned farmland, orchard/village, stream and wasteland.	2 days in wet season (June 1999)	34	Not quantified	Nil
North Lantau
ERM 2000c	2,600	Secondary woodland, tall shrubland, shrubland and grassland mosaic, plantation, abandoned farmland, orchard/village, stream and wasteland.	2 days in wet season (June 1999).	69	Not quantified	Nil

Notes: (1) Other areas without the specified habitat are not shown in the table.

MCAL 2001- Mouchel Asia Ltd (2001). Improvement to Tung Chung Road between Lung Tseng Tau and Cheung Sha. EIA Report.

ERM 2000b-ERM – Hong Kong Ltd (2000). Environmental Impact Assessment, Construction of an International Theme Park in Penny’s Bay of North Lantau and its Essential Associated Infrastructures. Final EIA Report Annex (Volume 1).ERM 2000c - ERM – HK Ltd (2000). Environmental Impact Assessment of the Northshore Lantau Development Feasibility Study.

Location⁽¹⁾	Size of Study Area (ha)		Habitats Recorded within the Study Area	Survey Effort	Number of Species Recorded	Total Number of Individuals Recorded	Number of Species of Ecological/Conservation Interest
Black Point
Current study	120		Plantation, shrubland, shrubby grassland, stream/channel, orchard and developed area.	4 days in wet season (Feb – Mar 2004) and 4 days in dry season (Apr – Jul 2004) with one night survey in June 2004.	Total: 5 Orchard (1), and shrubland (1) plantation (1), stream/channel (2) and shrubby grassland (3).	19	Nil
Lung Kwu Chau
MCAL 2001	39		Backshore vegetation, shrubland and grassland mosaic	1 day during dry season (Feb 2001) and 1day during wet season (Aug 2001).	Nil	Nil	Nil
Penny’s Bay
ERM 2000b	514		Secondary woodland, tall shrubland, shrubland and grassland mosaic, plantation, abandoned farmland, orchard/village, stream and wasteland.	2 days in wet season (June 1999)	9	Not quantified	Nil
North Lantau
ERM 2000c	2,600	Secondary woodland, tall shrubland, shrubland and grassland mosaic, plantation, abandoned farmland, orchard/village, stream and wasteland.		2 days in wet season (June 1999).	24	Not quantified	Nil

Common Name	Species Name	Habitat					Commonness
		P	OR	S	C	SG
Saddlebag Glider	Tramea virginia		1				C
Wandering Glider	Pantala flavescens			1			A
Total dragonflies		0	1	1	0	0
Total species		0	1	1	0	0

Common Name	Species Name	Habitat					Commonness
		P	OR	S	C	SG
Blue Percher	Diplacodes trivialis					1	A
Lesser Emperor	Anax parthenope				1		C
Orange-tailed Midget	Ceriagrion auranticum					1	A
Wandering Glider	Pantala flavescens	1			2	12	A
Total dragonflies		1	0	0	3	14
Total species		1	0	0	2	3