TABLE OF CONTENTS
6 Waste Management ImplicationS.. 6-1
6.1 Introduction.
6-1
6.2 Environmental
Legislation, Standards and Criteria. 6-1
6.3 Assessment
Methodology. 6-4
6.4 Identification
of Waste Management Implications. 6-5
6.5 Prediction
and Evaluation of Waste Implications. 6-5
6.6 Mitigation
of Adverse Environmental Impacts. 6-20
6.7 Evaluation
of Residual Impacts. 6-28
6.8 Environmental
Monitoring and Audit Requirements. 6-29
6.9 Conclusion.
6-29
List of Tables
Table 6.1
Other Relevant Documents and Information
Table 6.2
Tentative Programme for Management of C&D Materials
Table 6.3
Estimated Quantities of C&D Materials during Major Construction Activities
Table 6.4
Summary of Chemical Screening Results
Table 6.5
Estimated Quantities of Sediment under each Disposal Option
Table 6.6
Summary of General Refuse during Construction Phase
Table 6.7
Tentative Transportation Routings for Waste Disposal during Construction Phase
Table 6.8
Summary of Estimated Amount of Waste to be Generated and Handled during
Construction Phase
Table 6.9
Tentative Transportation Routings for Waste Disposal during Operational Phase
Table 6.10
Summary of Estimated Amount of Waste to be Generated and Handled during
Operational Phase
List of Figures
Figure
6.1
Proposed and As-built Sediment Sampling Locations (Sheet 1 of 2)
Figure
6.2
Proposed and As-built Sediment Sampling Locations (Sheet 2 of 2)
Figure
6.3
Potential Hot Spots for Floating Refuse Accumulation
List of Appendices
Appendix 6.1
Sediment Sampling and Testing Plan (SSTP) (Marine Section)
Appendix 6.2
Summary of Chemical Screening Results and Disposal Options
Appendix 6.3
Laboratory Analytical Report (Chemical Screening)
Appendix 6.4
Extract of Geotechnical Fieldwork and Laboratory Test Report under the Feasibility Review Study
Appendix 6.5
Summary of Laboratory Testing Results from Feasibility Review Study and the
Determined Sediment Category / Disposal Option
Appendix 6.6
Details of Sediment Quantity Estimation
6
Waste Management ImplicationS
6.1
Introduction
6.1.1.1
This section identifies the types of wastes that are likely to be
generated during the construction and operation of the Project and evaluates
the potential environmental impacts that may result from the handling,
transport and disposal of these wastes.
6.1.1.2
Mitigation measures and good site practices regarding waste handling,
storage, collection and disposal have been recommended with reference to the
criteria and guidelines as stated in the requirements given in Clause 3.4.7 and
Appendix E of the EIA Study Brief (ESB-359/2023), as well as Annexes 7
and 15 of the Technical Memorandum on Environmental Impact Assessment Process
(EIAO-TM) and relevant waste legislation and guidelines.
6.2
Environmental
Legislation, Standards and Criteria
6.2.1
General
6.2.1.1
The criteria and
guidelines for assessing waste management implications are outlined in Annexes
7 and 15 of the EIAO-TM, respectively.
6.2.1.2
The following legislation and guidelines also cover the handling,
treatment and disposal of wastes in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
(HKSAR):
l Waste Disposal Ordinance (Cap. 354)
and subsidiary regulations;
l Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste)
(General) Regulation (Cap. 354C);
l Waste Disposal (Charges for Disposal
of Construction Waste) Regulation (Cap. 354N);
l Land (Miscellaneous Provisions)
Ordinance (Cap. 28);
l Public Health and Municipal Services
Ordinance (Cap. 132) – Public Cleansing and Prevention of Nuisances Regulation
(Cap. 132 BK);
l Dumping at Sea Ordinance (Cap. 466);
l Paragraph 4.2.1 of Chapter 4 of the
Project Administration Handbook for Civil Engineering Works (PAH) - Management
of Dredged/Excavated Sediment; and
l Works Bureau Technical Circular (WBTC) No.
12/2000 Fill Management
Waste Disposal Ordinance (Cap.
354)
6.2.1.3
The Waste Disposal Ordinance (WDO) prohibits the unauthorised
disposal of wastes. Construction waste is defined under Cap. 354N of the
WDO as any substance, matter or thing that is generated and abandoned from
construction works regardless of whether or not it has been processed or
stockpiled before being abandoned, excluding sludge, screenings or any matter
removed or generated from desludging, desilting or dredging works. Under
WDO, waste can be disposed of only at designated waste disposal facilities
licensed by the Environmental Protection Department (EPD).
Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste)
(General) Regulation (Cap. 354C)
6.2.1.4
Issued under the WDO, the Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General)
Regulation controls the possession, storage, collection, transport and
disposal of chemical wastes. EPD has also issued three guidelines
(updated in 2022) detailing how the Contractor should comply with the
regulations on chemical wastes, namely A Guide to the Chemical Waste Control
Scheme, A Guide to the Registration of Chemical Waste Producers and Code
of Practice on the Packaging, Labelling and Storage of Chemical Wastes.
Waste Disposal (Charges for
Disposal of Construction Waste) Regulation (Cap. 354N)
6.2.1.5
Under the Waste Disposal (Charges for Disposal of Construction Waste)
Regulation, construction waste delivered to a landfill for disposal must
not contain more than 50% by weight of inert material. Construction waste
delivered to a sorting facility for disposal must contain more than 50% by
weight of inert material, and construction waste delivered to a Public Fill Reception Facility (PFRF) for disposal
must consist entirely of inert material.
Land (Miscellaneous Provisions)
Ordinance (Cap. 28)
6.2.1.6
The inert portion of Construction and Demolition (C&D) materials
(including rocks, soil, broken concrete, building debris etc.) may be taken to
Public Fill Reception Facilities (PFRFs) operated by the Civil Engineering and
Development Department (CEDD). The Land (Miscellaneous Provisions)
Ordinance requires that individuals or companies who deliver public fill to
the PFRFs are required to obtain Dumping Licences. The licences are
issued by CEDD under delegated authority from the Director of Lands.
6.2.1.7
Individual licences and windscreen stickers are issued for each vehicle
involved. Under the licence conditions, public fill reception facilities
will only accept soil, sand, rubble, brick, tile, rock, boulder, concrete,
asphalt, masonry or used bentonite. In addition, in accordance with
paragraph 12 of the Development Bureau Technical Circular (Works) (DEVB
TC(W)) No.6/2010, Public Fill Committee (PFC) will advise on the acceptance
criteria. The material will, however, be free from marine mud, household
refuse, plastic, metal, industrial and chemical wastes, animal and vegetable
matter and any other materials considered unsuitable by the PFRF supervisor.
Public
Health and Municipal Services Ordinance – Public Cleansing and Prevention of
Nuisances Regulation (Cap. 132BK)
6.2.1.8
The Public Cleansing and Prevention of Nuisances Regulation
provides control on illegal dumping of wastes on unauthorised / unlicensed
sites. The illegal dumping of wastes can lead to a fine and/or
imprisonment.
Dumping
at Sea Ordinance (Cap. 466)
6.2.1.9
This Ordinance came into operation in April 1995 and empowers the
Director of Environmental Protection (DEP) to control the disposal and dumping
of substances and articles at sea for the protection of the marine
environment. Under the Ordinance, a dumping permit from the DEP is
required for the disposal of regulated substances within and outside the waters
of Hong Kong. The permit contains terms and conditions which include the
following specifications, but not limited to:
l Type and quantity of substances permitted to be
dumped;
l Location of the disposal grounds;
l Requirement of equipment for monitoring the
disposal operations; and
l Environmental monitoring requirements.
Paragraph 4.2.1 of Chapter 4 of
the Project Administration Handbook for Civil Engineering Works (PAH) -
Management of Dredged/Excavated Sediment
6.2.1.10
The paragraph 4.2.1 of Chapter 4 of the PAH is subsumed from
Environment, Transport and Works Bureau Technical Circular (Works) (ETWB TC(W))
No. 34/2002 – Management of Dredged/Excavated Sediment.
6.2.1.11
Paragraph 4.2.1 of Chapter 4 of the PAH sets out the procedure
for seeking approval to and the management framework for marine disposal of
dredged / excavated sediment. It outlines the requirements to be followed
in assessing and classifying the sediment and explains the marine disposal
arrangement for the classified material. Based on paragraph 4.2.1 and
Appendix 4.30 of the PAH, there are three types of disposal options for
dredged/excavated sediments.
l Type 1 – Open Sea Disposal;
l Type 2 – Confined Marine Disposal; and
l Type 3 – Special Treatment/Disposal.
6.2.1.12
For Type 3 disposal, the Project Proponent shall be responsible for
identifying and agreeing with the DEP the most appropriate treatment and/or
disposal arrangement.
Works Bureau Technical Circular
(WBTC) No. 12/2000 - Fill Management
6.2.1.13
WBTC No. 12/2000 explains how fill resources, C&D material,
and dredged / excavated sediment disposal are managed.
6.2.2
Other Relevant Environmental Guidelines
6.2.2.1
Other relevant circulars / guidelines are applicable to waste management
practices for the Project are tabulated in Table 6.1.
Table 6.1 Other Relevant
Documents and Information
Bureau / Development
|
Documents / Guidelines / Technical Circulars
|
Development
Bureau
|
· WBTC No.
2/93 - Public Dumps
· WBTC No.
2/93B - Public Filling Facilities
· WBTC No.
12/2000 - Fill Management
· WBTC No.
16/96 - Wet Soil in Public Dumps
· WBTC Nos.
4/98 and 4/98A - Use of Public Fill in Reclamation and Earth Filling Projects
· WBTC No.
19/2001 - Metallic Site Hoardings and Signboards
· WBTC No.
12/2002 - Specifications Facilitating the Use of Recycled Aggregates
· ETWB
TC(W) No. 19/2005 - Environmental Management on Construction Sites
· Development
Bureau Technical Circular (Works) (DEVB TC(W)) No. 06/2010 - Trip Ticket
System for Disposal of Construction and Demolition Materials
· DEVB
TC(W) No. 08/2010 - Enhanced Specification for Site Cleanliness and Tidiness
· DEVB
TC(W) No. 09/2011 - Enhanced Control Measures for Management of Public Fill
|
CEDD
|
· Section
4.1.3 of Chapter 4 of the PAH for Civil Engineering Works, Management of
Construction/Demolition Materials including Rock
|
EPD
|
· A Guide
to the Chemical Waste Control Scheme
· A Guide
to the Registration of Chemical Waste Producers
· Code of
Practice on the Packaging, Labelling and Storage of Chemical Wastes
|
6.3
Assessment
Methodology
6.3.1.1
The assessment of waste management impacts arising from the construction
and operational activities of the Project has been undertaken in accordance
with the EIA Study Brief and criteria given in Annexes 7 and 15 of the EIAO-TM,
including the following tasks:
l Identification of the construction and
operation activities of the Project which could give rise to waste;
l Estimation of types and quantities of waste
generated;
l Examination of opportunities for waste
reduction and re-use (both on-site and off-site) and the required disposal
options for each type of waste; and
l Evaluation of potential impacts caused by
improper handling, collection, transportation and re-use / disposal of wastes
with respect to potential hazards, air and odour emissions, noise, wastewater
discharges and public transport.
6.3.1.2
Prior to considering the disposal options for various types of waste,
opportunities for reducing waste generation, on-site or off-site reuse and
recycling have been evaluated. Measures which can be taken in the
planning and design phases (e.g. by modifying the design approach), and in the
construction phases for maximising waste reduction have been separately
considered. Practices to promote segregation of waste materials are
additionally considered for advancing the waste management efficiency.
6.3.1.3
After considering all the opportunities for reducing waste generation
and maximising reuse, the types and quantities of the waste required to be
disposed of have been estimated and the disposal options for each type of waste
have been described. The disposal method recommended for each type of
waste has taken into account the results of the assessment. The impacts
caused by handling (including stockpiling, labelling, packaging and storage),
collection, transportation and reuse / disposal of waste have been addressed
and appropriate mitigation measures have been proposed.
6.4
Identification of
Waste Management Implications
6.4.1
Construction Phase
6.4.1.1
Potential waste mainly generated from the construction works of the
Project. The construction activities to be carried out for the Project
mainly include site clearance, slope works, demolition / removal of existing
facilities, excavation, piling works, tunnelling
(e.g. drill-and-blast), road works and pavement, dredging of sediments, etc.
The types of waste associated with these construction activities include:
l C&D materials;
l Sediments;
l Chemical waste;
l General refuse; and
l Floating refuse.
6.4.2
Operational Phase
6.4.2.1
Minor chemical waste during maintenance activities, and floating refuse
at artificial seawall are expected to be generated during the operation of the
Project. Since no administration building would be constructed under the
Project, no general refuse would be generated during operation phase.
6.5
Prediction and Evaluation of Waste Implications
6.5.1
Construction Phase
Construction and demolition
(C&D) materials
6.5.1.1
C&D materials would be generated from construction works of the
Project mainly from site clearance, excavation / foundation works, piling
works, demolition of existing structures, earthworks and slope works,
tunnelling and construction works. The C&D materials would comprise
both inert C&D materials (e.g. soil, rock and concrete, etc.) and non-inert
C&D materials (e.g. vegetation, timber, paper, etc.). The non-inert
C&D materials would be reused and recycled before disposal to
landfill. Yard waste would be sent to the Yard Waste Recycling Centre in
Y-Park for recycling prior to disposal at the designated landfill site.
Given that a certain amount of yard waste is anticipated arising from the
construction activities of the Project, it should be required to be handled in
accordance with the principles of reduce, reuse, and recycle (3Rs). The
following guidelines have to be taken into account when handling yard waste:
l Relevant guidelines posted by EPD
through EPD’s website (https://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/english/environmentinhk/waste/manage_facility/ypark.html)
and Y Park’s website (https://www.ypark.hk/zh-hant/)
l "Guidelines on Yard Waste
Reduction and Treatment" issued by Development Bureau
l "Development Bureau Technical
Circular (Works) No. 4/2020 Tree Preservation"
6.5.1.2
During general layout design, devising construction method described in Section
2 and planning of construction programme, considerations have been given to
minimise the generation of inert C&D materials and maximise the use of
generated inert C&D materials for other construction works.
6.5.1.3
Based on the current latest design information, it was estimated that
the total quantity of C&D materials generated would be approximately
2,366,500 m3 (2,227,500 m3 of inert materials and 139,000
m3 of non-inert materials) which will be generated during
construction phase of the Project. The major construction activities that
generate C&D materials would be carried out from Year 2027 to Year
2029. It should be noted that these quantities are initial estimates only
and would need to be further reviewed and updated as the design progresses. Table 6.2 below shows the tentative programme
for disposal of C&D materials and import fill required.
Table 6.2
Tentative Programme for Management of C&D Materials
|
Period
|
Estimated Quantities (m3) [1][2]
|
|
|
Disposal of Non-inert C&D Materials, m3
|
Inert C&D Materials, m3
|
|
|
Total Generated Inert C&D Materials
|
On-site
reuse
|
Delivered to PFRF
|
Import
|
|
|
Soft Public Fill
|
Rock Public Fill
|
|
|
Soft Public Fill
|
Rock Public Fill
|
|
|
2027
|
116,600 *
|
1,126,094
|
1,126,094
|
-
|
-
|
120,626
|
80,418
|
|
|
2028
|
22,400
|
799,059
|
647,886
|
30,235
|
120,939
|
308,506
|
205,670
|
|
|
2029 [3]
|
-
|
302,347
|
-
|
60,469 *
|
241,877 *
|
-
|
-
|
|
|
2030 to 2033 [3] [4]
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
|
Sub-Total
|
139,000
|
2,227,500
|
1,773,980
|
90,704
|
362,816
|
429,132
|
286,088
|
|
|
Total
|
139,000
|
2,227,500
|
1,773,980
|
453,520
|
715,220
|
|
Note:
[1] The bulk factor 1.4 has been applied.
[2] Figures
in Table 6.2 may not sum
exactly to totals due to rounding.
[3] Estimated
only small amount of non-inert C&D materials would be generated during 2029
to 2033 subject to actual site conditions.
[4] No
major construction works would generate inert C&D materials starting from
Year 2030 and most of the inert C&D materials would be re-use and recycled
subject to actual site conditions.
*
The peak periods for non-inert C&D materials and inert C&D materials
sent off-site.
6.5.1.4
The inert C&D materials should be reused on-site, subject to the
review at detailed design stage, before delivered to PFRF (such as Tuen Mun
Area 38 Fill Bank, subject to the designation from the PFC) for beneficial use
in other projects with potential fill demand. Referring to Table 6.2, the estimated amount of inert
C&D materials generated during the construction phase would be around
2,227,500 m3, of which around 453,520 m3 is expected to
deliver to PFRF and around 1,773,980 m3 is expected to be reused
on-site as backfill material. As estimated, the generated inert C&D
materials would not be sufficient for reclamation works until 2028. Therefore,
importing of inert C&D materials from public fill is required. After completion
of reclamation works, all generated inert C&D materials would be delivered
to PFRF in 2029 according to Table 6.2.
6.5.1.5
For non-inert C&D materials, they are mainly generated from the site
clearance and removal of vegetation prior to the site formation works, upon
exhaustion of reuse / recycle effort, they would be disposed of at landfill. As
shown in Table 6.2, the amount of non-inert
materials generated during the construction phase is expected to be around
139,000 m3. It is the Contractor’s responsibility
to separate the inert and non-inert C&D materials on-site. A
stockpiling area should be assigned to facilitate the sorting of inert and
non-inert C&D materials and store the inert C&D materials for
subsequent backfilling. Limited spatial area is available within the site
boundary and subject to actual on-site conditions, land required for stockpile
area would be minimised.
6.5.1.6
A summary of the estimated quantities of C&D materials generated
from the site clearance, excavation / foundation works, tunnelling, slope works
and other construction activities together with the estimated volumes of
C&D material to be disposed of at the public filling area designated by
CEDD and at landfill during construction phase are presented in Table 6.3.
Table 6.3 Estimated Quantities of C&D
Materials during Major Construction Activities
|
Handling of C&D Material
|
Estimated Amount of C&D Materials to be
Generated (m3)
(with Bulk Volume) [1]
|
Total C&D Materials (m3)
[1]
|
|
Inert C&D Materials
|
Non-inert C&D Materials
|
|
Reuse on-site
|
1,773,980
|
-
|
1,773,980
|
|
Deliver to PFRFs / Reuse in other Concurrent Projects
|
453,520
|
-
|
453,520
|
|
Disposal at Landfills
|
-
|
139,000
|
139,000
|
|
Total C&D Materials
|
2,227,500
|
139,000
|
2,366,500
|
Note:
[1] The bulk factor 1.4 has been applied.
6.5.1.7
A Construction and Demolition Material Management Plan (C&DMMP)
would be prepared in accordance with Section 4.1.3 of the PAH and
submitted to PFC for approval. With the implementation of proper
management for C&D materials and good site practices, no unacceptable
environmental impacts (including potential hazard, air and odour emissions,
noise, wastewater discharges and ecology) and public transport impact caused by
handling, collection, transportation and reuse / disposal of C&D materials
arising from the Project would be anticipated.
Sediment
6.5.1.8
Sediment would be generated mainly from reclamation works as well as
piling and excavation works for construction of towers and anchorages after
reclamation at/near Tsing Yi, Ma Wan and Kap Shui Mun. Based on the
latest construction methods as detailed in Section 2, both dredged and
non-dredged methods would be adopted for the reclamation works. The evaluation
of the minimisation of dredging extent can be referenced in S2.9.3 and S2.11.4.
Review
of Existing Sediment Quality Data
6.5.1.9
EPD conducts routine monitoring of the marine sediment quality across
the territory of Hong Kong waters. The nearest EPD’s sediment monitoring
station is Tsing Yi South (WS1) located within the Western Buffer Water Control
Zone. The latest available sediment quality data (from 2019 to 2023) are
summarised in the Annual Marine Water Quality Report 2023 published by
EPD.
6.5.1.10
Based on the EPD’s annual report, except for copper and zinc, all the
levels of metals, organic-PAHs and non-organic PAHs were not exceeding the
LCEL. For copper, the highest level measured (78 mg/kg) was above the
corresponding LCEL but not exceeding the UCEL. For zinc, the highest level
measured (300 mg/kg) was above the corresponding UCEL but not exceeding 10
times the LCEL.
Sediment Sampling and Testing Plan (SSTP)
6.5.1.11
In order to characterise the proposed excavated/dredged sediment for
marine disposal option and pursuant to Clause 3 in Appendix E of the EIA Study
Brief, a Sediment Sampling and Testing Plan (SSTP) (Marine Section) was
prepared with reference to Paragraph 4.2.1 of Chapter 4 of the PAH and
was agreed by EPD on 26 March 2024. The SSTP details the ranges of
parameters to be analysed; the number, type and methods of sampling; sample
preservation; chemical and biological laboratory test methods to be used.
The agreed SSTP is enclosed in Appendix 6.1.
It should be noted that the SSTP and the related sediment sampling and testing
would only serve the purpose for fulfilling the EIA Study of the Project.
To fulfil the requirements under the Dumping at Sea Ordinance (DASO),
separate SSTP and additional ground investigation (GI) works may need to be
carried out at a later stage of the Project.
6.5.1.12
As proposed in the agreed SSTP under the EIA Study, a volume-based
approach with reference to Appendix 4.21 of the PAH was adopted to
determine the number of sampling locations. Based on the adopted sampling
arrangement, a total of 39 marine-based
sampling locations were proposed within the possible reclamation areas and
tentative excavation/dredging extent for sediment sampling and testing (i.e.
Tier II chemical and Tier III biological screenings) under the PAH. The
proposed sampling locations, sampling grids, possible reclamation areas,
tentative excavation / dredging extent are shown in Figure 5.1.1 and 5.1.2 in Appendix 6.1.
Sediment Sampling and Testing Works
6.5.1.13
Ground Investigation (GI) works was conducted between February and March
2024 and in April 2025 according to the agreed SSTP. The sampling works
were conducted by Fugro Geotechnical Services Limited. The laboratory
testing was carried out by Fugro Technical Services Limited, an HOKLAS
accredited laboratory.
6.5.1.14
The sediment sampling locations were conducted taken into consideration
the site constraints (e.g. restricted access due to shallow water depth and
opposition of private owner of nearby land lots). Apart from VC-32, all
as-built sampling locations were still within the corresponding sampling grid
and are shown in Figure 6.1
and Figure 6.2.
6.5.1.15
The sediment sampling was carried out by means of grab sampling at the
seabed level and the vibrocoring method for the vertical sediment profiles
below. Undisturbed samples using vibrocore were collected from seabed
surface, 0.9 m down, 1.9 m down, 2.9 m down and thereafter every 3 m down to
the proposed termination depth. The sediment sampling was terminated at
least 1 m below the base of sediment layer, subject to site condition.
6.5.1.16
As biological screening is not required (refer to Section 6.5.1.23 below),
no reference grab sediment sample was collected from EPD’s routine sediment
monitoring station PS6 at Port Shelter (850234E, 820057N).
6.5.1.18
Of the 11
sampling locations near Tsing Yi, sampling works at 7 sampling locations (i.e.
VC-32 to VC-35, VC-37, VC-38 and VC-58) were opposed by the private owner of
nearby land lots due to the possible adverse impact to its operations. Thus, no
sampling works for the 7 sampling locations were possible. For VC-32, a
sampling attempt was carried out approximately 20 m west of the proposed
sampling grid but no sediment was encountered. For the remaining 4
sampling locations (viz. VC-36, VC-55, VC-56 and VC-57), as
requested by the private owner of nearby land lots to minimise impact to its
operations, the sampling locations (viz. VC-36, VC-55A, VC-56A/VC-56B (for
VC-56) and VC-57A) were relocated but were still well within the corresponding sampling
grids. Two sampling attempts were made for VC-56 (i.e. VC-56A/VC-56B) but no
sediments were encountered. The proposed and as-built sampling locations
near Tsing Yi are shown in Figure 6.2.
6.5.1.19
Based on the
above, sampling was conducted at 30 marine-based sampling locations (24 near Ma
Wan and 6 near Tsing Yi (including 2 sampling attempts for VC-56
(VC-56A/VC-56B) and a sampling attempt for VC-32 (approximately 20 m west
of the proposed sampling grid). Nine (9) of the 30 sampling locations (viz.
VC-12, VC-23, VC-32 (approximately 20 m west of the proposed sampling grid),
VC-45, VC-49, VC-52, VC-55A, VC-56A and VC-56B; refer to Figure 6.1 and Figure 6.2) did not encounter sediment and as such, no
sediment samples were collected and tested from these locations.
6.5.1.20
Following the
above, 59 sediment samples were collected from the remaining 21 sampling locations for laboratory testing. The
relevant sampling locations are listed below.
· VC-05
· VC-13
· VC-16
· VC-17
· VC-18
· VC-24
· VC-26
· VC-27
· VC-28
· VC-29
· VC-30
· VC-31
· VC-36
· VC-46
· VC-47
· VC-48
· VC-50
· VC-51
· VC-53
· VC-54
· VC-57A
6.5.1.21
The collected sediment samples
were tested for chemical screening with parameters as stated in paragraph 4.2.1
of Chapter 4 of the PAH. The chemical screening results are
summarised in Table
6.4 with details provided in Appendix 6.2.
Laboratory analytical reports for chemical screening are provided in Appendix 6.3.
6.5.1.22
Based on the chemical screening results, Category M sediment was found
in 4 samples
at sampling locations VC-46 and VC-57A, with silver, zinc, copper and/or
mercury levels above the corresponding LCEL but not exceeding the UCEL. The
remaining samples were identified as Category L sediment.
Table 6.4
Summary of Chemical Screening Results
|
Sediment Category
|
No. of Samples
|
Percentage
|
|
Category L
(equal to or not exceeding LCEL)
|
55
|
93.2%
|
|
Category M (above
LCEL but equal to or not exceeding UCEL)
|
4
|
6.8%
|
|
Category H
(above UCEL but equal to or not exceeding 10x LCEL)
|
0
|
0%
|
|
Category H
(above 10x LCEL)
|
0
|
0%
|
|
Total:
|
59
|
100%
|
6.5.1.23
Based on the
chemical screening results and according to paragraph 4.2.1 of Chapter 4 of the
PAH, no biological screening is required.
Sediment Disposal Options and Quantities
6.5.1.24
Based on the
screening results and the above findings, the disposal options for each of the
sediment samples were determined in accordance with paragraph 4.2.1 of Chapter
4 of the PAH. The sediment quantities to be generated under each
disposal option were then estimated with consideration of (i) the reclamation
works as well as piling and excavation works for construction of towers and
anchorages after reclamation at/near Tsing Yi, Ma Wan and Kap Shui Mun,
(ii) the depths and thicknesses of the underlying sediment based on the
sediment sampling works and (iii) the determined disposal options of the
sediment samples as based on the chemical screening results.
6.5.1.25
As discussed in Section 6.5.1.17, no samples were able to be
collected from the sampling grids of VC-06, VC-09 and VC-11 near Ma Wan.
In order to categorise the possible sediment within the sampling grids of VC-06
and VC-09, the results from adjacent VC-05 and VC-16 (both as Category L / Type
1 – Open Sea Disposal) were adopted for the respective sampling grids.
For VC-11, as no sediment was encountered in its nearest sampling location
(VC-45), it is assumed that no sediment is present within the grid of VC-11.
6.5.1.26
Referring to Section
6.5.1.18, due to opposition of private owner of nearby
land lots, no sampling works were carried out for 7 sampling locations near
Tsing Yi (i.e. VC-32 to VC-35, VC-37, VC-38 and VC-58). For VC-32, as no
sediment was encountered in the sampling attempt approximately 20 m west of the
proposed sampling grid, it is assumed that no sediment is present within the
grid of VC-32.
6.5.1.27
For the remaining 6 sampling locations near Tsing Yi (i.e. VC-33 to
VC-35, VC-37, VC-38 and VC-58), references were made to the findings of the Geotechnical
Fieldwork and Laboratory Test Report prepared under the Feasibility Review Study (Contract
No. HY/2021/22 Tsing Yi – Lantau Link – Ground Investigation). Extract of the report is shown in Appendix 6.4.
Based on the report, environmental GI works were conducted in 2022 and a total
of 10 vibrocore sediment samples were collected at 2 sampling locations (VC01
and VC02) as shown in Figure 6.2. According to the laboratory test reports
and with reference to the sediment quality criteria in Appendix 4.28 of PAH,
all the collected sediment samples were classified as Category L / Type 1 –
Open Sea Disposal. The laboratory testing results from the Feasibility Review Study and
the determined category / disposal option are summarised in Appendix 6.5.
6.5.1.28
Based on the testing results from this EIA study (i.e. from VC-36 and
VC-57A) and the above Feasibility
Review Study, only
Category L / Type 1 – Open Sea Disposal and Category M / Type 2 - Confined
Marine Disposal sediments were
identified near Tsing Yi. Nevertheless, considering the
past and present land uses in the area (e.g. former floating dock, dockyard and
concrete batching plant), it is assumed that all sediment within the 6
inaccessible sampling grids (i.e. VC-33 to VC-35, VC-37, VC-38 and VC-58) are
contaminated Category H / Type 2 – Confined Marine Disposal sediment as a
conservative approach.
6.5.1.29
In addition, as discussed in Section 6.5.1.19, as no sediment was
encountered at VC-12, VC-23, VC-45, VC-49, VC-52, VC-55A, VC-56A and VC-56B, it
is assumed that no sediment would be excavated/dredged within the respective
sampling grids.
6.5.1.30
According to the
tentative construction programme, sediment due to reclamation works would be
generated in Q2 of 2027 to Q1 of 2028. Based on current estimation, the
quantities for each disposal type are presented in Table 6.5. Detailed calculations of excavated / dredged
sediment quantities and assumptions are presented in Appendix 6.6.
To minimise sediment disposal, it is proposed to on-site reuse the Category L sediment generated (e.g. as backfilling
materials), subject to site condition and engineering design. Beneficial
reuse would be considered during the detailed design and construction stages
before the disposal of excavated / dredged sediment.
Table 6.5
Estimated Quantities of Sediment under each Disposal Option
|
Disposal Option
|
Corresponding Category
|
Estimated In-situ Quantity [1] [2] (m3)
|
|
Type 1 – Open
Sea Disposal
|
Category L
Sediment
|
140,279
|
|
Type 2 –
Confined Marine Disposal at disposal site(s) allocated by Marine Fill
Committee (MFC)
|
Category M
Sediment
|
8,986
|
|
Category H
Sediment (equal to or not exceeding 10x LCEL)
|
47,220
|
|
Total
|
196,485
|
6.5.1.31
Surplus sediment that are not reused within the reclamation area would
be disposed of at the designated marine disposal areas according to paragraph
4.2.1 of Chapter 4 of the PAH. The disposal options for the
excavated / dredged sediment should follow the procedures in paragraph 4.2.1 of
the PAH. The transportation routing and frequency for marine
disposal to designated disposal outlets shall be agreed with EPD / HyD during
the construction phase prior to marine disposal. The recommended
mitigation measures for marine disposal are discussed in Section 6.6. No
adverse waste management implications and environmental impacts (including
potential hazard, air and odour emissions, noise, wastewater discharge and
ecology) are anticipated if the recommended mitigation measures are
implemented.
Chemical
Waste
6.5.1.32
The maintenance and servicing of construction plant, equipment and
vehicles involve the use of a variety of chemicals and generate chemical
wastes. The possible chemical waste that would be generated during the
course of construction works includes:
l Oil and grease associated with plant
maintenance;
l Spent hydraulic fluid from plant machinery;
l Scrap batteries from vehicle maintenance; and
l Used paint, cleaners, solvents used in
maintaining mechanical equipment.
6.5.1.33 It is difficult to quantify the amount of chemical
waste that would arise from the construction activities as it would be highly
dependent on the Contractor’s on-site maintenance activities and the quantity
of plant and equipment utilised. It is anticipated that the quantity of
chemical waste, such as lubrication oil and solvent produced from plant
maintenance, would be small (in the order of few hundred litres per month).
The amount of chemical waste to be generated would be quantified in the
Waste Management Plan (WMP) to be prepared by the Contractor. The
disposal of chemical waste by licensed collector is expected to require maximum
1 trip per day for transporting the chemical waste. With the
implementation of measures recommended in Section 6.6, no adverse
environmental impacts and public transport impact associated with handling,
collection, transportation, and disposal of chemical waste is expected.
6.5.1.34
Materials classified as chemical waste shall require special handling
and storage arrangements by the Contractor. All chemical waste shall be
collected by a licensed collector and be disposed of at a licensed chemical
waste treatment and disposal facility such as Chemical Waste Treatment Centre
(CWTC) at Tsing Yi via the tentative transportation routing as presented in Table 6.7. Unused chemical or those with
remaining functional capacity would be reused and recycled on-site or by
licensed companies. Mitigation and control requirements for chemical
wastes are detailed in Section 6.6. Provided that the handling,
storage and disposal of chemical wastes are in accordance with these
requirements and that stipulated in the Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste)
(General) Regulations and the Code of Practice on Packaging, Labelling
and Storage of Chemical Wastes published by EPD, adverse environmental
impacts (including potential hazard, air and odour emissions, noise, wastewater
discharge and ecology) and public transport impact would be negligible.
General
Refuse
6.5.1.35
General refuse comprises general site wastes, such as packaging and
container waste from materials and equipment used on the site, and refuse
generated by workforce during the construction phase of the Project.
Improper collection and removal of general refuse would give rise to
hygiene problems and adverse environmental impacts, e.g. odour impacts, and
contamination of the nearby marine waters if being blown away by wind, flushed
or leached into the sea.
6.5.1.36
The number of workforces to be employed for the Project is not available
at this stage, but it is anticipated that the maximum number of construction
workers to be working on-site at any one time to be about 260. Based on a
generation rate of 0.65 kg per worker per day, the daily arising of general
refuse during the construction period would be about 169 kg/day. The
estimated amount of general refuse generated during construction phase is
summarised in Table 6.6.
Table 6.6 Summary of
General Refuse during Construction Phase
|
Phasing
|
Period
|
Approximate no. of workforce
|
Daily waste generation
(kg/day) [1]
|
Duration
(Month)
|
Approximate total amount generated
(tonnes) [2]
|
|
Site formation/ Earthworks
|
Q1/2027 – Q4/2028
|
260
|
169
|
24
|
105.5
|
|
Construction Works
|
Q4/2028 – Q4/2033
|
260
|
169
|
60
|
263.6
|
Notes:
[1] Adopt
generation rate of 0.65 kg/person /day
[2]
Assume 26 working days per month
6.5.1.37
The general
refuse will be collected on-site on a daily basis, separately from C&D materials
by an appropriate waste collector to be employed by the Contractor. The
general refuse would be disposed of at strategic landfill, e.g. West New
Territories (WENT) Landfill. Prior to disposal off-site, such refuse will
be temporarily put in suitably covered storage areas / bins where they will
have to be regularly cleaned and maintained to avoid attracting vermin and
pests. With proper on-site handling and storage as well as regular
disposal of the waste, no unacceptable environmental impact (including
potential hazard, air and odour emissions, noise and wastewater discharges) or
public transport impact would be anticipated. Recommendations of
mitigation measures for managing general refuse are presented in Section 6.6.1.24.
Floating
Refuse
6.5.1.38
Floating refuse tends to accumulate near the coastline as shoreline
refuse as they will be drifted by wind and tide, especially in summer months
following heavy rains and typhoons. Floating refuse may be accumulated in
the newly constructed seawall during the construction phase. Referring to
the approved Tung Chung New Town Extension EIA Report (EIAO Register No.:
AEIAR-196/2016), it was estimated that approximately 11.5 m3 of
floating refuse would be collected from its 3.4 km long newly constructed
artificial seawall. Considering the total length of artificial seawall of
this Project is approximately 1.48 km long, it is estimated that approximately
5 m3 of floating refuse will be collected from the newly constructed
seawall during each year of construction.
6.5.1.39
Floating refuse (i.e., food scraps, plastics, waste paper and empty
containers, etc.) may also be generated by the construction workforce unintentionally while working along the
coastline. Proper waste management and training to workers, such as
avoiding placing waste collection bins close to the sea and ensuring
construction materials are well covered to prevent occurrence of wind-blown
light materials should be considered. Additionally, accidental losses of
construction materials and wastes when transporting to and from the designated
sites might occur. Nevertheless, the amount of floating refuse generated
from the Project under these events is expected to be limited.
6.5.1.40
During the construction phase, the Contractor will be responsible for
the collection of any refuse within the works area. Figure 6.3 shows the potential hot
spots of floating refuse accumulation. In case floating refuse is identified,
the right boat and tools to be used for cleanup depend on the floating refuse,
as well as the locations. The floating refuse shall be removed, stored and
disposed of together with the general refuse for disposal as detailed in Section
6.5.1.37, after separating the recyclables for recycling. With
implementation of proper refuse collection practice and the mitigation measures
as detailed in Section 6.6, no adverse environmental
impact (including potential hazard, air and odour emissions, noise, wastewater
discharge and ecology) with regard to floating refuse would be anticipated
during construction phase, or after completion of the Project.
Transportation
Arrangement for Waste Disposal during Construction Phase
6.5.1.41
Stockpiling areas and barging point facilities would be set up at both
Tsing Yi and North Lantau to handle waste generated during construction phase.
The C&D materials will be reused or recycled on-site, and any surplus would
be timely transported out of construction works area to barging points for
further handling. Subject to actual on-site condition, details will
be reviewed in design stage. The locations of stockpiling areas and barging
points are shown in Figure 6.3.
6.5.1.42
For transportation routing and frequency of trucks / vessels for waste
disposal, the Contractor will be requested to use the suitable route to
transport waste generated from the Project to the dedicated treatment
facilities/disposal sites for disposal. The transportation routings may change
subject to the actual road / marine traffic conditions. Nevertheless,
with the implementation of appropriate mitigation measures (e.g. using
water-tight containers and covered trucks), no adverse environmental impacts
are expected due to the transportation of waste. The tentative transportation
route is summarised in Table 6.7.
Table 6.7
Tentative Transportation Routings for Waste Disposal during Construction Phase
|
Treatment Facility / Disposal Site / Transfer Point
|
Type of Waste
|
Tentative Transporting Routing
|
Maximum Frequency of Trip for the
Identified Waste Types
[2] [3] [4] [5]
|
|
Barging Points
(as a transfer point of marine route)
|
Inert C&D Materials, Non-inert C&D
Materials, General Refuse and Floating Refuse
|
From Tsing Yi Area
|
Land Route
Via Tsing Sha Highway to Tsing Yi barging point
|
Inert C&D Materials
Land Route:
149 trips / day
Non-inert C&D Materials, General Refuse and
Floating Refuse
Land Route:
58 trips / day
|
|
From Lantau Area
|
Land Route
Via Lantau Link to Lantau barging point
|
|
PFRFs (such as Tuen Mun Area 38 Fill Bank) and reuse
in concurrent projects
|
Inert C&D Materials
|
From Tsing Yi Barging Point
|
Marine Route:
-
Via Ma Wan Fairway to Ha Pang Fairway
to Castle Peak Fairway to Tuen Mun Area 38 Fill Bank
-
Via Ma Wan Fairway to other concurrent
projects
|
Inert C&D Materials
Marine Route:
1 trip / day
|
|
From Lantau Barging Point
|
Marine Route:
-
Via Kap Shui Mun Fairway to Ha Pang
Fairway to Castle Peak Fairway to Tuen Mun Area 38 Fill Bank
-
Via Kap Shui Mun Fairway to other
concurrent projects
|
|
From Tsing Yi Area
|
Land Route:
-
Via Lantau Link, North Lantau Highway,
Tuen Mun-Chek Lap Kok Link and Lung Mun Road to Tuen Mun Area 38 Fill Bank
-
Via Lantau Link to other concurrent
projects
|
Inert C&D Materials
Land Route:
149 trips / day
|
|
From Lantau Area
|
Land Route:
-
Via North Lantau Highway, Tuen Mun-Chek
Lap Kok Link and Lung Mun Road to Tuen Mun Area 38 Fill Bank
-
Via North Lantau Highway to other
concurrent projects
|
|
WENT Landfill
|
Non-inert C&D Materials, General Refuse and
Floating Refuse
|
From Tsing Yi Barging Point
|
Marine Route
Via Ma Wan Fairway to Ha Pang Fairway
to Castle Peak Fairway to Urmston Road Fairway to WENT Landfill
|
Non-inert C&D Materials and General Refuse
Floating Refuse
Marine Route:
1 trip / day
Land Route:
58 trips / day
|
|
From Lantau Barging Point
|
Marine Route
Via Kap Shui Mun Fairway to Ha Pang
Fairway to Castle Peak Fairway to Urmston Road Fairway to WENT Landfill
|
|
From Tsing Yi Area
|
Land Route:
Via Lantau Link, North Lantau Highway,
Tuen Mun-Chek Lap Kok Link, Lung Mun Road, Lung Kwu Tan and Nim Wan Road to
WENT Landfill
|
|
From Lantau Area
|
Land Route:
Via North Lantau Highway, Tuen
Mun-Chek Lap Kok Link, Lung Mun Road, Lung Kwu Tan and Nim Wan Road to WENT
Landfill
|
|
Type 1 - Open Sea Disposal at marine disposal site(s)
allocated by MFC (Typically South Cheung Chau and East of Ninepin) [1]
|
Category L Sediment [6]
|
From Reclamation Sites
|
Marine Route:
-
Via Ma Wan Fairway/Kap Shui Mun
Fairway, Western Fairway, West Lamma Fairway and South Shek Kwu Chau Fairway
(for South Cheung Chau);
-
Via Ma Wan Fairway/Kap Shui Mun
Fairway, Western Fairway, East Lamma Channel, south of Hong Kong Island and
Tathong Channel (for East of Ninepin)
|
Category L Sediment
Marine Route:
1 trip / day
|
|
Type 2 - Confined
Marine Disposal at marine disposal site(s) allocated by MFC
(Typically East Sha Chau) [1]
|
Category M
Sediment and Category H Sediment (equal to or not exceeding 10x LCEL) [6]
|
From Reclamation Sites
|
Marine Route:
-
Via Ma Wan Fairway/Kap Shui Mun
Fairway, Ha Pang Fairway and Castle Peak Fairway (for East Sha Chau)
|
Category M
Sediment and Category H Sediment (equal to or not exceeding 10x LCEL)
Marine Route:
1 trip/ day
|
|
CWTC
|
Chemical Waste
|
Tsing Yi Section
|
Land Route:
-
Via Tsing Sha Highway and Tsing Yi Road
to CWTC
|
Chemical Waste
Land Route:
1 trip / day
|
|
Lantau Section
|
Land Route:
-
Via Lantau Link, Tsing Sha Highway and
Tsing Yi Road to CWTC
|
Note:
[1]
For marine-based sediment, as stated in Section 6.5.1.30, to minimise
sediment disposal, it is proposed to on-site reuse the Category L sediment
generated (e.g. as backfilling materials), subject to site condition and
engineer design. Beneficial reuse would be considered during the detailed
design and construction stages before the disposal of excavated / dredged
sediment.
[2]
Frequency of truck trip is based on assumed capacity
of 6.5 m3 per truck with bulk factor of 1.4 and 26 days per month. The bulk factor 1.4 has been applied.
[3]
Frequency of barge trips are based on assumed capacity
of 2,000 m3 per barge with bulk factor of 1.4 and 26 days per
month.
[4]
The assumption of the bulk density of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is
311.73kg/m3.
[5]
The peak of inert C&D materials is peak at 2029 and non-inert C&D
materials is peak at 2027.
[6]
As stated in Section 6.5.1.30, according to the tentative construction
programme, sediment due to reclamation works would be only generated in Q2 of
2027 to Q1 of 2028(12 months).
Summary
of Waste to be Generated and Handled during Construction Phase
6.5.1.43
The summary of the various waste types identified above during
construction phase of the Project with their proposed handling method /
disposal outlets as discussed in above sections is summarised in Table 6.8 below.
6.5.1.44
In addition, trip ticket system would be implemented with reference to DEVB
TC(W) No. 6/2010 Trip Ticket System for Disposal of Construction &
Demolition Materials, to monitor disposal of waste and to control
fly-tipping at PFRFs or landfills. Additionally, all dump trucks and
vessels should be equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS) or equivalent
system for real time tracking and monitoring of their travel routings and
parking locations to prohibit illegal dumping and landfilling of C&D
materials or marine sediments. A recording system for the amount of waste
generated, recycled and disposed (including disposal sites) as well as travel
routings and parking locations should be proposed.
Table 6.8
Summary of Estimated Amount of Waste to be Generated and Handled during
Construction Phase
|
Type of Waste
|
Source
|
Total
Quantity (with Bulk Volume)
|
Proposed Handling Method / Disposal
Outlets
|
|
Generated
|
On-site reused / recycled
|
Off-site reused / recycled
|
Disposed
|
|
Inert C&D Materials
|
Materials generated from site clearance, excavation/
foundation works, piling works, demolition of existing structures, earthworks
and slope works, tunnelling and construction works
|
2,227,500 m3
|
1,773,980m3
|
453,520 m3
|
-
|
· Reuse
within the site / deliver to PFRFs (such as Tuen Mun Area 38 Fill Bank),
subject to allocation of PFC.
· Reuse in
other concurrent projects.
|
|
Non-inert C&D Materials
|
139,000 m3
|
-
|
-
|
139,000 m3
|
· Reuse or
recycling before disposal at WENT Landfill.
|
|
Sediment
|
Dredging works for reclamation, piling, excavation
works for the construction of towers and anchorages after reclamation
|
140,279 m3
(Category L)
|
140,279 m3
|
-
|
-
|
· Category L
sediment generated would be reused on-site (e.g. as backfilling materials),
subject to site condition and engineering design.
· Surplus Category L sediment, if any, will be disposed of at designated
marine disposal site. Final disposal site (typically South Cheung Chau
/ East of Ninepin) shall be determined by MFC; and disposal arrangement on a
need basis.
|
|
56,206m3
(Category M and Category H (equal to or not exceeding 10x LCEL))
|
-
|
-
|
56,206 m3
(Category M and Category H
(equal to or not exceeding 10x LCEL))
|
· Final disposal site
(typically East Sha Chau) shall be determined by MFC; and disposal
arrangement on a need basis.
|
|
Chemical Waste
|
Oil and grease associated with plant maintenance;
Spent hydraulic fluid from plant machinery;
Scrap batteries from vehicle maintenance; and
Used paint, cleaners, solvents used in maintaining
mechanical equipment
|
Few hundred liters per
month
|
-
|
-
|
Few hundred liters per
month
|
· Store in compatible containers in
designated area on site.
· To be collected and/or recycled by
a licensed collector.
· Recycled
by licensed facility and/or disposal of at the CWTC.
|
|
General Refuse
|
Refuse generated from construction workforce
|
369 tonnes
|
-
|
-
|
369 tonnes
|
· Provide
on-site collection points together with recycling bins.
· To be collected by an
appropriate waste collector to be employed by the Contractor.
· Reuse or recycle before
disposal of at WENT Landfill.
|
|
Floating Refuse
|
Floating refuse trapped within the Project
area
|
5 m3 / year
|
-
|
-
|
5 m3 / year
|
· If collected by
Contractor of this Project within works area, it will be disposed of together
with general refuse before disposal of at WENT Landfill after separating
recyclables.
|
Notes:
[1]
Frequency of truck trip is based on assumed capacity of 6.5 m3
per truck with bulk factor of 1.4 and 26 days per month. The duration of
the major excavation and construction is expected to be 54 months in total
based on tentative construction programme.
[2]
Frequency of barge trip is based on assumed capacity of 2,000 m3 per
barge with bulk factor of 1.4 and 26 days per month. The duration of the
major excavation and construction is expected to be 54 months in total based on
tentative construction programme.
6.5.2
Operational Phase
Chemical
Waste
6.5.2.1
Chemical wastes such as used paints, lubricants and used batteries may
be generated during maintenance activities. This waste may pose
environmental, health and safety hazards. Measures as stipulated in the Waste
Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation and the Code of Practice
on the Packaging, Labelling and Storage of Chemical Wastes would be
strictly followed for the handling and disposal of chemical waste.
6.5.2.2
Should any chemical waste be generated during operational phase, the
operator should register with EPD as a chemical waste producer. The
chemical waste would be readily accepted for disposal of at the CWTC at Tsing
Yi or other licensed facilities for final treatment and disposal by licensed chemical
waste collectors.
6.5.2.3
Since the estimated quantities of chemical waste generated from the
operational phase would be only few hundred litres per month in maximum for
general maintenance activities, no adverse environmental impact is anticipated
with proper storage, handling and disposal of this waste.
Floating
Refuse
6.5.2.5
Floating refuse trapped within the Project area during operational phase
will be collected by MD’s appointed contractor and disposed to landfill
correspondingly. The collection frequency is suggested to be at least
monthly interval in accordance with MD’s agreement. In case there are any
recyclable components in the floating refuse collected, they should be
separated from the collected floating refuse. The contractor shall
conduct on-site sorting of the recyclable component and be responsible to
arrange respective recycling companies to collect these components.
6.6
Mitigation of
Adverse Environmental Impacts
6.6.1
Construction Phase
Waste Management Hierarchy
6.6.1.1
The waste management hierarchy has been applied in the assessment and
development of mitigation measures for waste which aims at evaluating the
desirability of waste management methods include the followings in descending
preference:
l Avoidance and reduction of waste generation;
l Reuse of materials;
l Recovery and recycling of residual materials;
and
l Treatment and disposal according to relevant
laws, guidelines and good practices.
6.6.1.2
Good site practices and waste reduction measures to achieve avoidance
and minimisation of waste generation in the hierarchy are recommended in the
following sections. Environmental Management Plan (EMP) and trip ticket
system are recommended for monitoring management of waste.
6.6.1.3
Besides, the Contractor is encouraged to deliver waste materials to
EcoPark and Y·PARK for reuse and recycling. Referring to latest information in
EcoPark’s website, at least 9 tenants, including waste metals, waste wood,
waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE), waste plastics, waste
batteries, construction and demolition waste, waste glass, waste rubber tyres
and wastepaper, are engaging in recycling business. In general, Y·PARK mainly
receives 6m long or below tree trunks and its attached tree branches, twigs and
leaves. The Contractor can consider transferring yard waste generated
during slope works and tunnel works at North Lantau to Y·PARK for reuse or
recycle after proper treatment. Specifically, in order to minimise the
generation of yard waste, the Project Proponent shall:
l Avoid unnecessary removal or excessive pruning
of trees. Preserve trees in their original locations and implement tree
transplanting when on-site preservation is not feasible;
l Segregate various types of yard waste and shred
wood to facilitate reuse and recycling;
l Reuse yard waste on-site for a variety of
purposes (e.g., decomposition and composting, recreational and decorative uses,
and mulching in planting areas, etc.); and
l Identify recycling options (e.g. delivery to
Y-park) for yard waste that cannot be directly reused on-site.
6.6.1.4
Where yard waste generation is unavoidable, sorting of yard waste for
recycling and reuse on-site should always be the priority. Yard waste shall be
separated from C&D material to facilitate recycling, such as delivery them
to Y-park so as to minimise the quantity of waste to be disposed at landfill
site. The Contractor should be responsible for cutting and shredding the yard
waste in order to meet the collection requirement of the recycling outlet for
processing. Disposal of yard waste directly at landfills should only be
regarded as the last resort, when no alternatives are available.
Good Site Practices
6.6.1.5
It is anticipated that adverse waste management implications would not
arise in the construction site, provided that good site practices are strictly
followed. Recommendations for good site practices during the construction
phase include:
l Nomination of approved personnel, such as a site manager, to be
responsible for implementation of good site practices, arrangements for waste
collection and effective disposal to appropriate facilities;
l Training of site personnel in site cleanliness, concepts of waste
reduction, reuse and recycling, proper waste management and chemical waste
handling procedures;
l Provision of sufficient waste reception / disposal points of a suitable
vermin-proof design that minimises windblown litter;
l Arrangement of regular collection of waste for transporting off-site and
final disposal;
l Adoption of appropriate measures to minimise windblown litter and dust
during transportation of waste by either covering trucks or by transporting
wastes in enclosed containers;
l Provision of regular cleaning and maintenance programme for drainage
systems, sumps and oil interceptors;
l Adoption of a recording system for the amount of wastes generated,
recycled and disposed (including the disposal sites); and
l Preparation of WMP, as a part of the EMP in accordance with ETWB
TC(W) No. 19/2005 - Environmental Management on Construction Sites for
submission to the Project Manager for approval.
6.6.1.6
In order to monitor the delivery of C&D materials to the designated
PFRF and landfill; and to avoid illegal dumping and control fly-tipping, a trip
ticket system should be included. One may make reference to DEVB TC(W)
No. 6/2010 for details. A recording system for the amount of waste
generated, recycled and disposed, including the disposal sites, should also be
set up. Warning signs should be put up to remind the designated disposal
sites. CCTV should also be installed at the vehicular entrance and exit
of the site as additional measures to prevent illegal dumping /
fly-tipping. When delivering inert C&D materials to a PFRF for
beneficial reuse, the material shall only consist of soil, rock, concrete,
brick, cement plaster / mortar, inert building debris, aggregates and asphalt,
and be free from marine mud, household refuse, plastic, metals, industrial and
chemical waste, animal and vegetable matter, and other material considered to
be unsuitable by the Filling Supervisor. GPS or
equivalent systems should also be equipped at all dump trucks and vessels for
real-time tracking and monitoring of transportation of inert C&D materials
to designated locations as one of the practicable means of avoiding illegal
dumpling and landfilling.
Waste Reduction Measures
6.6.1.7
Good management and control of construction site activities / processes
can minimise the generation of waste. Waste reduction is best achieved at
the planning and design stage, as well as by ensuring the implementation of
good site practices. Recommendations to achieve waste reduction are
discussed as follow:
l Segregate and store different types of construction related waste in
different containers, skips or stockpiles to enhance reuse or recycling of
materials and their proper disposal;
l Provide separate labelled bins to segregate recyclable waste such as
aluminium cans from other general refuse generated by the work force, and to
encourage collection by individual collectors;
l Recycle any unused chemicals or those with remaining functional
capacity;
l Maximise the use of reusable steel formwork to reduce the amount of
C&D materials;
l Wood, steel and other metals shall be separated for re-use and / or
recycling prior to disposal of non-inert C&D materials to minimise the
quantity of waste to be disposed of to landfill;
l Adopt proper storage and site practices to minimise the potential for
damage to, or contamination of construction materials;
l Plan the delivery and stock of construction materials carefully to
minimise the amount of surplus waste generated;
l Adopt pre-cast construction method instead of cast-in-situ method for
construction of concrete structures; and
l Minimise over-ordering and wastage through careful planning during
procurement of construction materials.
6.6.1.8
In addition to the above good site practices and waste reduction
measures, specific mitigation measures are recommended below for the identified
waste so as to minimise environmental impacts during handling, transportation
and disposal of these wastes.
Storage, Collection and
Transportation of Waste
6.6.1.9
Storage of materials on-site may induce adverse environmental impacts if
not properly managed. The following recommendations should be implemented
to minimise the impacts:
l Waste, such as soil, should be handled and stored well to ensure secure
containment, thus minimising the potential of pollution;
l Storage areas should be maintained and cleaned routinely;
l Stockpiling area should be provided with covers and water spraying
system to prevent materials from wind-blown or being washed away; and
l Different locations should be designated to stockpile each material type
to enhance reuse.
6.6.1.10
Waste collectors should be employed for the collection and
transportation of waste generated. For chemical waste, licensed waste collector
for its transportation and disposal should be employed in accordance with the Waste
Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation. The following
recommendations should be implemented to minimise the impacts:
l Remove waste in a timely manner;
l Employ trucks with cover or enclosed containers for waste
transportation;
l Obtain relevant waste disposal permits from the appropriate authorities;
l Dispose waste at licensed waste disposal facilities; and
l Maintain records of quantities of waste generated, recycled and
disposed.
Construction and Demolition
Material
6.6.1.11
Subject to site situation, the generated C&D materials should be
sorted on-site into inert C&D materials and non-inert C&D materials.
To minimise the impact resulting from collection and transportation of
C&D materials, non-inert C&D materials, such as wood, plastic, steel
and other metals should be reused or recycled and, as a last resort, disposed
to landfill. Inert C&D materials should be recycled and reused.
With reference to Table 6.8, inert
C&D materials are expected to be delivered to Tuen Mun Area 38 Fill Bank.
Within the stockpiling areas, the following measures should be taken to
control potential environmental impacts or nuisance:
l Proper handling and storage of waste by means of covers and/or water
spraying system to minimise the potential environmental impact and to prevent
materials from wind-blown or being washed away;
l Covering materials during heavy rainfall;
l Locating stockpiles suitably so as to minimise potential visual impacts;
l Displaying warning signs at the designated disposal sites. CCTV
should be installed at the vehicular entrance and exit of the site as
additional measures to prevent fly-tipping;
l Adopting GPS or equivalent system for tracking and monitoring of all
dump trucks for the Project to record their travel routings and parking
locations to prohibit illegal dumping and landfilling of C&D materials; and
l Minimising land intake of stockpile areas, subject to site condition.
Sediment
6.6.1.12
The sediment should be excavated/dredged, handled, transported and
disposed of in a manner that would minimise adverse environmental
impacts. To minimise sediment disposal, it is proposed to on-site reuse
the Category L sediment generated (e.g. as backfilling materials) subject to
site condition and engineering design. Beneficial reuse would be
considered during the detailed design and construction stages before the
disposal of excavated/dredged sediment.
6.6.1.13
Requirements of the Air Pollution Control (Construction Dust)
Regulation, where relevant, shall be adhered to during excavation/dredging,
transportation and disposal of the sediment.
6.6.1.14
For off-site disposal, the basic requirements and procedures specified
under paragraph 4.2.1 of Chapter 4 of the PAH shall be followed.
MFC of CEDD is managing the disposal facilities in Hong Kong for the
excavated/dredged sediment, while EPD is the authority of issuing marine
dumping permit under the DASO.
6.6.1.15
For the purpose
of site allocation and application of marine dumping permit and if considered
necessary by EPD (Marine Dumping Control Section / Territorial Control Office),
separate SSTP (including the possible additional sampling works within the
sampling grids of VC-06, VC-09, VC-11, VC-32 to VC-35, VC-37, VC-38 and VC-58)
shall be submitted to EPD for agreement under DASO. Additional GI works,
based on the SSTP, shall then be carried out in order to confirm the disposal
arrangements of the excavated/dredged sediment. Sediment Quality
Report(s) (SQR), reporting the chemical and biological screening results and
the estimated quantities of sediment under different disposal options, shall
then be submitted to EPD for agreement under DASO.
6.6.1.16
To ensure disposal space is allocated for the Project, the Project
Proponent should be responsible for obtaining agreement from MFC on the
rationale for sediment excavation/dredging and the allocation of the disposal
site. The contractor(s), on the other hand, should be responsible for the
application of the marine dumping permit under DASO from EPD for the sediment
disposal.
6.6.1.17
The excavated/dredged sediments are expected to be loaded onto the barge
at barging points under this Project and transported to the designated disposal
sites allocated by MFC. The excavated/dredged sediment would be disposed of
according to its determined disposal options and paragraph 4.2.1 of Chapter 4
of the PAH.
6.6.1.18
Stockpiling of contaminated sediments should be avoided. If
temporary stockpiling of contaminated sediments is necessary, the excavated /
dredged sediment should be covered by tarpaulin and the area should be placed
within earth bunds or sandbags to prevent leachate from entering the ground,
nearby drains and surrounding water bodies. The stockpiles should be
completely paved or covered by linings in order to avoid contamination to
underlying soil or groundwater. Separate and clearly defined areas should
be provided for stockpiling of contaminated and uncontaminated materials.
Leachate, if any, should be collected and discharged according to the Water
Pollution Control Ordinance.
6.6.1.19
In order to minimise the potential odour / dust emissions during
excavation / dredging and transportation of the sediment, the excavated /
dredged sediments shall be wetted during excavation / dredging / material
handling and shall be properly covered when placed on trucks or barges.
Loading of the excavated / dredged sediment to the barge shall be controlled to
avoid splashing and overflowing of the sediment slurry to the surrounding
water.
6.6.1.20
The barge transporting the sediments to the designated disposal sites
shall be equipped with tight fitting seals to prevent leakage and shall not be
filled to a level that would cause overflow of materials or laden water during
loading or transportation. In addition, monitoring of the barge loading
shall be conducted to ensure that loss of material does not take place during
transportation. To avoid illegal dumping, all dumping vessels have to be
approved in a marine dumping permit issued under the DASO. Each of the
vessels has to be installed with an automatic recording equipment, namely the
Front End Mobile Unit (FEMU), which is a key component of the Real Time
Tracking & Monitoring of Vessel (RTTMV) System of EPD. The FEMU
transmits self-monitoring data direct from the barge at sea to the Control
Centre at EPD through General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) mobile communication
network. The transportation route avoiding the ecological sensitive areas
should be proposed when applying the dumping permit.
6.6.1.21
Referring to Section 6.5.1.18, due to the opposition of private
owner of nearby land lots, no sampling works were carried out for 7 sampling
locations near Tsing Yi (i.e. VC-32 to VC-35, VC-37, VC-38 and VC-58).
According to Section 6.6.1.15, additional sampling works will be carried
out for the 7 sampling locations under DASO. In case Type 3 – Special Treatment
/ Disposal sediment were identified in the additional sampling works, the
Project Proponent shall be responsible for identifying and agreeing with the
DEP the most appropriate treatment and/or disposal arrangement for the Type 3
sediment as required in the PAH. A possible disposal arrangement for
Type 3 sediment is by geosynthetic containment. A geosynthetic containment
method is a method whereby the sediments are sealed in geosynthetic containers
and, at the disposal site, the containers would be dropped into the designated
contaminated mud pit where they would be covered by further mud disposal and
later by the mud pit capping, thereby meeting the requirements for fully
confined mud disposal. Similar disposal methods have been used for projects in
Europe, the USA and Japan and the issues of fill retention by the geosynthetic
fabrics, possible rupture of the containers and sediment loss due to impact of
the container on the seabed have been addressed.
6.6.1.22
Moreover, the geosynthetic containment method was proposed for Type 3
sediment disposal in a number of EIA studies in Hong Kong, including Central
Kowloon Route (EIAO Register No.: AEIAR-171/2013), Tseung Kwan O – Lam Tin
Tunnel and Associated Works (EIAO Register No.: AEIAR-173/2013), Shatin to
Central Link – Hung Hom to Admiralty Section (EIAO Register No.:
AEIAR-166/2012) and Protection Works at Causeway Bay Typhoon Shelter (EIAO
Register No.: AEIAR-159/2011), Hong Kong Section of Guangzhou - Shenzhen - Hong
Kong Express Rail Link (EIAO Register No.: AEIAR-143/2009) and Wan Chai
Development Phase II and Central-Wan Chai Bypass (WDII) (EIAO Register No.:
AEIAR-125/2008). Under WDII, field trials had been undertaken to demonstrate
the feasibility on the use of the geosynthetic containment. A report on the
field trials concluded that disposal by sealing the sediments in geosynthetic
containers and dropping these containers into the contaminated mud pits at East
Sha Chau has been shown to be a successful and viable disposal method.
The use of a geosynthetic container system for special disposal was considered
to be an effective system with negligible loss of contaminants to the marine
environment during disposal.
Chemical Waste
6.6.1.23
For those
processes which will generate chemical waste, alternatives could be found to
eliminate/minimise the use of chemicals, to reduce the generation quantities or
to select a chemical type of less impact on environment, health and
safety. If chemical waste is produced at the construction site, the
Contractor would be required to register with the EPD as a Chemical Waste
Producer and must follow the guidelines stated in the Code of Practice on
the Packaging, Labelling and Storage of Chemical Wastes. Good quality
containers compatible with the chemical wastes should be used, and incompatible
chemicals should be stored separately. Appropriate labels should be
securely attached on each chemical waste container indicating the corresponding
chemical characteristics of the chemical waste, such as explosives, flammable,
oxidising, irritant, toxic, harmful, corrosive, etc. The Contractor shall
employ a licensed collector to transport and dispose of the chemical wastes at
a licensed chemical waste treatment and disposal facility such as CWTC at Tsing
Yi in accordance with the Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General)
Regulation.
General Refuse
6.6.1.24
General refuse
should be stored in enclosed bins or compaction units separate from C&D
materials and chemical wastes. A reputable waste collector should be
employed by the Contractor to remove general refuse from the site, on a daily
basis to minimise odour, pest and litter impacts. An enclosed and covered area
is preferred to reduce the occurrence of wind-blown light materials.
6.6.1.25
The collected general refuse will be disposed of at designated
landfill. Clearly labelled recycling bins should be provided on site in
order to encourage segregation and recycling of aluminium cans, plastic wastes,
and wastepaper in order to reduce general refuse production.
6.6.1.26
The contractor should carry out an education programme for workers in
avoiding, reducing, reusing and recycling of materials generation.
Posters and leaflets advising the use of the bins should also be provided on
site as reminders. The recyclable waste materials should then be
collected by reliable waste recycling agents on a regular basis.
Floating Refuse
6.6.1.27
To minimise the chance of trapping / accumulating floating refuse within
the Project area, the artificial seawall has been designed with a circular
shape and sloping edges which can help redirect wave energy and avoid sharp
edges where water can become stagnant, thus reducing debris collection. The use
of a variable profile (e.g. combining vertical and sloped sections) would
enhance hydrodynamics and minimise flat areas that trap debris. Besides,
the design has reduced relatively sharp turns and smoothen / carved out the
sharp corners of the proposed seawalls. With proper seawall design and
implementation of management control practices, no adverse impact arising from
floating refuse is anticipated.
6.6.1.28
Apart from collecting and storing waste with good waste management
practice on-site to avoid having waste transported to sea under extreme weather
conditions, the Contractor for marine works should be responsible for the
collection of refuse, if any, within the works area. The Contractor shall
collect and remove floating refuse at regular intervals on a daily basis to
keep water bodies within the site boundary and the neighbouring water bodies
free from rubbish during the construction phase. In case floating refuse
is identified, a waste collection vessel is needed to remove the floating
materials and eventually store and dispose of together with the general refuse,
after separating the recyclables for recycling.
6.6.2
Operational Phase
Chemical Waste
6.6.2.1
Generation of chemical waste should be reduced. For those processes
which generated chemical waste, alternatives could be found to eliminate the
use of chemicals, to reduce the generation quantities or to select a chemical
type of less impact on environment, health and safety. Same as
construction phase, chemical waste generated during maintenance works in
operational phase should be stored in appropriate containers and collected by a
licensed chemical waste collector. Chemical wastes such as spent lubricant oil
should be recycled at an appropriate facility. For those that cannot be
recycled, it should be disposed of at either the CWTC, or another licensed
facility, in accordance with the Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General)
Regulation.
Floating Refuse
6.6.2.2
Same as the existing practice, floating refuse scavenging and collection
service will also be provided by the Contractor of MD. Floating refuse
trapped within the Project area during operational phase will be collected and
disposed to landfill correspondingly. The collection frequency is
suggested to be at least monthly interval in accordance with MD’s
agreement. In case there are any recyclable components in the floating
refuse collected, the MD’s contractor is suggested to conduct on-site sorting
of the recyclable component and be responsible to arrange respective recycling
companies to collect these components.
6.6.2.3
Table 6.9 summarised the
tentative transportation routing for waste disposal during operational phase,
while Table 6.10 summarised the estimated
amount of waste to be generated and handled during operational phase.
Table 6.9
Tentative Transportation Routings for Waste Disposal during Operational Phase
|
Treatment Facility / Disposal Site
|
Type of Waste
|
Tentative Transporting Routing
|
Maximum Frequency of Trip for the Identified
Waste Types [1]
|
|
CWTC
|
Chemical Waste
|
From Tsing Yi Area
|
Land Route
Via Tsing Sha Highway to the CWTC
|
1 trip per day
|
|
From Lantau Area
|
Land Route
Via Lantau Link to Tsing Sha Highway to
the CWTC
|
|
Subject to MD’s contractor existing practice
|
Floating Refuse
|
Operational phase will be collected by
MD’s appointed contractor and disposed to landfill correspondingly. The
transport route and collection frequency are suggested to be at least monthly
interval in accordance with MD’s agreement.
|
Note:
[1]
The truck capacity of
chemical waste is 6.5 m3 per truck
Table 6.10 Summary of
Estimated Amount of Waste to be Generated and Handled during Operational Phase
|
Type of Waste
|
Generated from
|
Materials to be Generated
|
Total Amount to be Generated
|
Handing Procedures
|
Handling / Disposal Routes
|
|
Chemical Waste
|
Maintenance and service activities,
e.g. E&M plant and equipment
|
Scrap batteries, spent hydraulic
fluid, waste fuel,
lubrication oil, used plant, cleaning
fluids and solvent
|
Few hundred liters per
month
|
· Stored in compatible containers in
designated area on-site
· Collected
by licensed collectors
|
Recycled by licensed facility or
disposal of at the CWTC
|
|
Floating Refuse
|
Accumulation along seawall
|
Litter and debris
|
Around 5 m3 /
year
|
· Existing
regular operation of MD’s contractor to collect floating refuse in the
vicinity
|
Same as the existing practice,
collected by appointed contractor of MD
|
6.7
Evaluation of
Residual Impacts
6.7.1.1
With the implementation of the recommended mitigation measures for the
handling, transportation and disposal of the identified waste arising, residual
impacts would not be expected during the construction and operation of the
proposed Project.
6.8
Environmental
Monitoring and Audit Requirements
6.8.1
Construction Phase
6.8.1.1
It is the Contractor’s responsibility to ensure that all wastes produced
during the construction of the Project are handled, stored and disposed of in
accordance with good waste management practices and EPD’s regulations and
requirements. The recommended mitigation measures should form the basis
of the site WMP to be developed by the Contractors as part of the EMP in
accordance with ETWB TC(W) No. 19/2005 Environmental Management on
Construction Sites and submitted to the Project Manager for approval at the
construction stage. The monitoring and auditing requirements stated in ETWB
TC(W) No.19/2005 should be followed with regard to the management of
C&D materials.
6.8.1.2
Monthly site audit should be conducted by the Environmental Team (ET)
during construction phase to check if wastes are being managed in accordance
with approved procedures. The audits should cover site inspection on all
aspects of on-site waste management practices including waste generation,
storage, recycling, transport and disposal. Apart from site inspections,
waste management related documents including licences, permits, disposal and
recycling records should be reviewed and audited for compliance with the
legislation of the recommended good site practice and other waste management
mitigation measures under the site audit.
6.8.1.3
Besides, auditing on the implementation of the trip ticket system in
accordance with DEVB TC(W) No. 6/2010 and incorporate the requirements
as appropriate should also be required.
6.8.2
Operational Phase
6.8.2.1
Adverse environmental impacts would not be anticipated with the
implementation of good waste management practices following the existing
practices of regular maintenance works. Environmental audit programme on
waste management for the operational phase of the Project would not be
required.
6.9
Conclusion
6.9.1.1
During construction phase, waste generated from the Project include
C&D materials from construction activities, chemical wastes from
maintenance and servicing of construction plants and vehicles, general refuse
from workforce, floating refuse and sediments. It is recommended that the
inert C&D materials be reused on-site to minimise the amount of inert
C&D materials delivered off-site to PFRF. In particular,
subject to site condition, the inert C&D materials generated would be
reused for reclamation. Improper handling, collection, transportation and
re-use / disposal of the wastes will result in hygiene problems and adverse
environmental impacts, e.g. odour nuisance, and pollution of nearby water
bodies. It is recommended that these wastes be handled, transported and
disposed of according to the recommended good site practices and
measures. With the implementation of these measures, no adverse
environmental impacts (including potential hazard, air and odour emissions,
noise and wastewater discharges) would be anticipated during the construction
phase.
6.9.1.2
The main types of
waste generated from the operation of the Project are floating refuse and
chemical waste. In accordance with existing practices,
floating refuse will be collected and disposed to landfill by regular operation
of MD’s contractor. With the implementation of
management control practices, no adverse environmental impact would be
anticipated.