APPENDIX 4.2
Emission Calculation of Concrete Batching Plant for
Cyber-Port Development
Stage 2
1. Daily Plant Operation time (07:00 – 19:00) = 12 hours
2. Density of Concrete = 2380 kg/m3
3. Maximum Hourly Production rate of Concrete = 300 m3
(714 Ton)
4. Average Ingredient of Concrete Production:
Crushed Rock =
750 kg/m3 = 315 kg/Ton
10/20mm Aggregate =
1050 kg/m3 = 441 kg/Ton
Cementitious
Material = 440 kg/m3 = 185 kg/Ton
Water =
180 kg/m3 = 76 kg/Ton
5. Maximum Hourly Throughput Rate:
Rock +
Aggregate = 540 Ton/hour
Cement/PFA =
132 Ton/hour
6. Exhaust air flowrate of dust collectors:
At
maximum = 5800 m3/hour (for DC5 and DC7)
At
maximum = 12000 m3/hour (for DC4)
At
maximum = 1700 m3/hour (for DC6 and DC8)
Emission for
Unloading of Sand/Aggregate to Ground Receiving Hopper
Referring to (AP-42, Section
11.19.2, Table 11.19.2-1, 1/95 Edition) the emission factor for truck unloading
was recorded:
|
Truck Unloading |
Emission Factor (kg/Mg) |
|
TSP –
Calculateda |
16.8´10-6 |
|
RSP - Given |
8.0´10-6 |
|
a Relative ratios in AP-42 Section 13.2.2 and 13.2.4
indicate that TSP emission factors may be estimated by multiplying PM-10 by
2.1. |
|
Emission for Particles from
Aggregate Stock Pile
Referring to (AP-42,
Section13.2.4, 1/95 Edition) the aggregate storage piles can be calculated.
(kg/Mg)
Where E = emission factor
k = particle size multiplier
(dimensionless)
U = mean wind speed, meters per second (m/s)
M
= material moisture content (%)
Given, Moisture Content = 4.8%
k value for TSP (particle size
<30mm) = 0.74
Thus, emission factors for
aggregate storage plies are:
TSP = 0.74 ´ (0.0016) ´ [(U/2.2)1.3 / (4.8/2)1.4] kg/Mg
= 1.25´10-4 U1.3 kg/Mg
Emission for
Particles from Paved Access Road
Referring to (AP-42, Section
13.2.1, 10/97 Edition), Predictive Emission Factor Equation --- the quantity of
dust emissions from vehicle on a paved road be estimated using the following
empirical expression:
E = k (sL/2)0.65 ´ (W/3)1.5 …..(1)
Where
E = particulate emission factor (having units
matching the units of k)
k = base emission factor for particle size range and units of
interest (see below)
sL = road surface silt loading (grams per square meter) (g/m2)
W = average weight (tons) of the vehicle traveling the road
Referring to (AP-42, Table
13.2-1.1.), constant for equation 1.
|
Particulate Size |
Multiplier k (g/VMT)a |
|
PM-30 (TSP)b |
24 |
|
a Unit shown is
grams per vehicle kilometer traveled (g/VKT). |
|
Referring to (AP-42, Table
13.2.1-3), typical silt content and loading values for paved roads at
industrial Facility.
|
Industry |
Silt Loading (g/m2) |
|
Concrete
batching |
12a |
|
a The
value shown is the mean value. |
|
Mean vehicle weight is 18 Ton.
Thus, TSP emission factor = k (sL/2)0.65 ´ (W/3)1.5 g/VKT
=
24 (12/2)0.65 ´
(18/3)1.5 g/VKT
=
1.130 kg/VKT
Emission Point EP1 and EP2 (Emission from Ground Receiving Hopper)
Emission factor for TSP = 16.8´10-6 kg/Mg
Maximum throughput rate of
sand/aggregate = 540 Ton/h
Thus,
the maximum TSP emission rate =
540 ´16.8´10-6 kg/h
= 9.07´10-3
kg/h
= 2.52´10-3
g/s
With
water spraying system and 3-sides and top enclosed the emission rate is reduced
by 90%.
Therefore, the maximum TSP emission rate = 2.52´10-4 ´ 10% g/s
=
0.000252 g/s
Emission Point EP-7 (Emission from 225 Ton Aggregate Stock Pile)
Emission factor for TSP = 1.25´10-4 U1.3 kg/Mg
Assume the mean wind speed = 2.3
m/s
Maximum throughput rate of
sand/aggregate = 540 Ton/h
Thus,
the maximum TSP emission rate =
540 ´ 1.25´10-4 U1.3 kg/h
= 0.0675 U1.3 kg/h
With
water spraying system, 3-side and top enclosure and plastic curtain, the
emission rate is reduced by 95%.
Therefore, the maximum TSP emission rate = 0.0675 U1.3 ´ 5% kg/h
=
3.375´10-3 U1.3
kg/h
=
0.00094 U1.3 g/s
Emission Point EP8 (Exhaust from Dust Collectors, DC4)
Assume the maximum emission
concentration for TSP = 50 mg/m3
The maximum exhaust gas flowrate =
5000 m3/h
Thus, the maximum TSP emission rate = 5000 ´
50 mg/h
=
250 g/h
=
0.0694 g/s
Emission Point EP9 and 11 (Exhaust from Dust Collectors, DC5 and DC7)
Assume the maximum emission
concentration for TSP = 50 mg/m3
The maximum exhaust gas flowrate =
5800 m3/h
Thus, the maximum TSP emission rate = 5800 ´
50 mg/h
=
290 g/h
=
0.0806 g/s
Emission Point EP10 and EP12 (Exhaust from Dust Collectors, DC6 and DC8)
Assume the maximum emission
concentration for TSP = 50 mg/m3
The maximum exhaust gas flowrate =
1700 m3/h
Thus, the maximum TSP emission rate = 1700 ´
50 mg/h
=
85 g/h
=
0.0236 g/s
Emission Point EP19 (Emission from Conveying of Aggregate)
Maximum trucks flowrate = 90 per
hour
Mean vehicle weight = 18 Ton
(Vehicle weight is 24 Ton for full
loading of 12 Ton concrete)
TSP emission factor = 1.130 kg/VKT
TSP
emission rate = 1.130 ´ 1000 ´
90 / (1000 ´ 3600) g/ms
= 0.028 g/ms
With
water spraying system and speed limit control, the emission rate is reduced by
90%.
Therefore, the maximum TSP emission rate = 0.028 ´ 10% g/ms
=
0.002825 g/ms
Emission Point EP20 (Emission from Conveying of Cement)
Maximum trucks flowrate = 22 per
hour
Mean vehicle weight = 18 Ton
(Vehicle weight is 24 Ton for full
loading of 12 Ton concrete)
TSP emission factor = 1.130 kg/VKT
TSP
emission rate = 1.130 ´ 1000 ´
22/ (1000 ´ 3600) g/ms
= 0.0069
g/ms
With
water spraying system and speed limit control, the emission rate is reduced by
90%.
Therefore, the maximum TSP emission rate = 0.0069 ´ 10% g/ms
=
0.00069 g/ms
Emission Point EP21 (Emission from Conveying of Concrete Product)
Maximum trucks flowrate = 60 per
hour
Mean vehicle weight = 18 Ton
(Vehicle weight is 24 Ton for full
loading of 12 Ton concrete)
TSP emission factor = 1.130 kg/VKT
TSP
emission rate = 1.130 ´ 1000 ´
60/ (1000 ´ 3600) g/ms
= 0.0188
g/ms
With
water spraying system and speed limit control, the emission rate is reduced by
90%.
Therefore, the maximum TSP emission rate = 0.0188 ´ 10% g/ms
=
0.00188 g/ms
Modelling Parameters
|
EP No. |
Description |
Emission Char. |
Height (m) |
Stage 2 Emission Rate, (g/s) TSP |
Emission
Coordinate (x , y) |
|
EP1 |
Sea Front Aggregate Receiving Hopper |
Point |
6.5 |
0.000252 |
831398.5 ,
813290.1 |
|
EP2 |
Aggregate Receiving Hopper |
Point |
3 |
0.000252 |
831416.9 ,
813367.4 (831440.4 ,
813332.6) |
|
EP3 |
Dust Collector, DC1 |
Point |
17 |
n/a |
831443.4 ,
813360.1 |
|
EP4 |
Dust Collector, DC2 |
Point |
7 |
n/a |
831431.8 ,
813352.3 |
|
EP5 |
Dust Collector, DC3 |
Point |
8 |
n/a |
831435.1 ,
813354.6 |
|
EP6 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
|
EP7 |
Aggregate Stockpile |
Point |
0.5 |
0.00094U1.3 |
831407.9 ,
813385.1 |
|
EP8 |
Dust Collector, DC4 |
Point |
24 |
0.0694 |
831460.1 ,
813353.1 |
|
EP9 |
Dust Collector, DC5 |
Point |
24 |
0.0806 |
831465.6 ,
813345.6 |
|
EP10 |
Dust Collector, DC6 |
Point |
24 |
0.0236 |
831461.1 ,
813342.8 |
|
EP11 |
Dust Collector, DC7 |
Point |
24 |
0.0806 |
831455.6 ,
813350.6 |
|
EP12 |
Dust Collector, DC8 |
Point |
24 |
0.0236 |
831463.2 ,
813345.6 |
|
EP13 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
|
EP14 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
|
EP15 |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
--- |
|
EP16 |
Conveying of Aggregate |
Line |
0.5 |
n/a |
831398.5 ,
813290.1 831451.3 ,
813310.0 831404.1 ,
813377.6 831409.4 ,
813382.6 831416.9 ,
813367.4 |
|
EP17 |
Conveying of Cement |
Line |
0.5 |
n/a |
831398.5 , 813290.1 831451.3 ,
813310.0 831443.4 ,
813360.1 |
|
EP18 |
Conveying of Concrete Product |
Line |
0.5 |
n/a |
831451.3 ,
813310.0 831443.4 ,
813360.1 831404.8 ,
813370.8 |
|
EP19 |
Conveying of Aggregate |
Line |
0.5 |
0.002825 g/ms |
831409.4 ,
813382.6 831440.4 ,
813332.6 |
|
EP20 |
Conveying of Cement |
Line |
0.5 |
0.00069 g/ms |
831451.3 ,
813310.0 831471.6 ,
813323.8 831474.6 ,
813330.1 831467.6 ,
813344.1 |
|
EP21 |
Conveying of Concrete Product |
Line |
0.5 |
0.00188 g/ms |
831451.3 ,
813310.0 831471.6 ,
813323.8 831474.6 ,
813330.1 831467.6 ,
813344.1 831446.1 ,
813375.3 831438.6 ,
813385.1 831428.6 ,
813386.5 831404.8 ,
813370.8 |