TABLE OF
CONTENTS
Page
2... DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT
Description
of the New Cremators
Interactions with Other Projects
Consideration of Alternative Sites
3... ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATIONS,
POLICIES, PLANS, STANDARDS AND CRITERIA
Environmental
Impact Assessment
4... AIR QUALITY IMPACT ASSESSMENT
Description
of the Environment
Environmental
Impact Identification, Prediction and Evaluation
Mitigation
of Adverse Environmental Impacts
Evaluation
of Residual Impacts
5... WASTE MANAGEMENT IMPLICATIONS
Prediction
and Evaluation of Environmental Impacts
Mitigation
of Adverse Environmental Impacts
6... LAND CONTAMINATION IMPACT
Identification of Possible
Contamination Sources During Operation Phase
Prevention of Contamination Impact
7... LANDSCAPE AND VISUAL IMPACT
Landscape
Impact Assessment Study
Visual
Impact Assessment Study
8... WATER QUALITY IMPACT ASSESSMENT
10. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND
AUDIT REQUIREMENTS
11. SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL OUTCOMES
13. IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULES OF
MITIGATION MEASURES
TABLES
Table
2.1 Project Construction
Programme
Table
3.1 Hong Kong Air Quality
Objectives
Table
3.2 Air Quality Criteria
for non-AQO Pollutants
Table
3.3 Health Risk Guidelines
for Exposure to Air Toxics (1)
Table
4.1 Annual Average
Concentrations of Pollutants (2000)
Table
4.2 Results of Stack
Emission Measurements
Table
4.3 Air Sensitive
Receivers
Table
4.4 Dust Emission Factors
Table
4.5 Emission
Concentrations of Pollutants
Table
4.6 Concentration Limits
of Crematorium
Table
4.7 Predicted Maximum TSP
Concentrations
Table
4.8 Maximum Pollutant
Concentration at the Worst Impacted ASRs
Table
4.9 Daily RSP
Concentration at ASR
Table
4.10 Annual RSP Concentration
at ASR
Table
4.11 Hourly CO Concentration
at ASR
Table
4.12 8-hour Average CO
Concentration at ASR
Table
4.13 Hourly HCl
Concentrations at ASR
Table
4.14 Annual HCl Concentration
at ASR
Table
4.15 Hourly TOC Concentration
at ASR
Table
4.16 Hourly Hg Concentration
at ASR
Table
4.17 Annual Hg Concentration
at ASR
Table
4.18 Hourly Dioxin
Concentration at ASR
Table
4.19 Annual Dioxin
Concentration at ASR
Table
4.20 Increase in Annual
Dioxin Concentration at ASR
Table
4.21 Comparison of Dioxin
Emission
Table
7.1 Value of Landscape
Units of Concern
Table
7.2 Landscape Impact
Classification
Table
7.3 Identification and
Category of Visual Sensitive Receivers
Table
7.4 Classification of
Level of Visual Impacts
Table
7.5 Predicted Level of
Visual Impact
Table
7.6 Summary of Landscape
Impacts with and without Mitigation
Table
7.7 Summary of Visual
Impacts with and without Mitigation
Table
10.1 Summary of the
Requirements for Different Kinds of Pollutants and Process Monitoring
Table
10.2 Summary for All
Monitoring Parameters
Table
11.1 Summary of
Environmental Impacts
Table
13.1 Implementation Schedule
for Air Quality Control
Table
13.2 Implementation Schedule
for Landscape and Visual Impact Mitigation
FIGURES
Figure
4.1 Locations of Representative
Air Sensitive Receivers
Figure
4.4 Contours of 24-hour Average Particulate
Matter Concentrations in µg/m3 at 103.5 mPD Level
Figure
4.5 Contours of 1-hour Average Carbon Monoxide
Concentrations in µg/m3 at 103.5 mPD Level
Figure
4.6 Contours of 1-hour Average Hydrogen Chloride
Concentrations in µg/m3 at 103.5 mPD Level
Figure
4.8 Contours of 1-hour Average Mercury Concentrations
in µg/m3 at 103.5 mPD Level
Figure
4.9 Contours of 1-hour Average
Dioxin Concentrations in pg/m3 at 103.5 mPD Level
Figure
7.1 Review of Outline Zoning Plan
Figure
7.2 Visually Sensitive Receivers Plan
Figure
7.3 View of the Existing Crematorium from
Visually Sensitive Receivers (R1, 5 & 6)
Figure
7.4 View of the Existing Crematorium from
Visually Sensitive Receivers (R4, 7,8 & 9)
Figure
7.5 View of the Existing Crematorium from
Visually Sensitive Receivers (R2, 3 & 10)
Figure
7.6 Photomontage as seen from Lakeview Garden
APENDICES
Appendix
4.1 Calculations of Dioxin and Furan Toxic
Equivalent
Appendix
4.2 Calculation of Dust Emission Factors
Appendix
4.3 Sample Computer Output of FDM Calculations
Appendix
4.4 Sample Computer Output of ISCST3 Calculations
i) the overall acceptability of any adverse environmental consequences that are likely to arise as a result of the proposed project;
ii) the conditions and requirements for the
detailed design, construction and operation of the proposed project to mitigate
against adverse environmental consequences wherever practicable; and
iii) the acceptability of residual impacts after
the proposed mitigation measures have been implemented.
·
Air
quality impacts arising from the construction, decommissioning/ demolition, and
operation of the Project;
·
Landscape
and visual impacts from the operation of the Project;
·
Water
quality impacts from the operation of the Project, if there is to be effluent
discharge from the new cremators or associated air pollution control scrubbing
systems;
·
Hazard
to life impact, if there is to be fuel gas or dangerous goods storage;
·
Contamination
prevention for the operation of the Project; and
·
Waste
management for the construction and operation of the Project.
(a)
Construction of a new cremation room with four
flat-bed type single cremators designed to meet the latest EPD standards.
(b)
Construction of a pulverising room with a bone
cremulator for pulverisation of cremated remains.
(c)
Installation of an automatic transport system
for delivering the coffin from the service halls into the cremators.
(d)
Construction of a public toilet as a
replacement for the existing one.
(e)
Provision of emergency generator room, main
switch room, fire services pump room, sprinkler tank and storeroom, etc.
necessary for the operation of the new cremators.
(f)
Re-alignment of the existing vehicle access.
(g)
Re-provision of car parking spaces and
upgrading of the overall landscape area.
(h)
Renovation of the two existing service halls to
cater for the change in the location of the new cremation room.
(i)
Demolition and removal of the existing
cremators after the satisfactory commissioning of the new ones. Renovate the old cremation room into
workshop for EMSD maintenance staff and storerooms.
(j)
Installation of fire services provisions,
including sprinkler system, hose reels, street hydrant etc. to the existing
crematorium to meet current fire safety standards.
Component |
Key
Features/ Functions |
Cyclone |
Separates the silt and sparks being carried over in
the flue stream |
Additive Injection System ·
Lime addition ·
30% open hearth
furnace coke or active carbon |
·
neutralizes acidic
pollutants, e.g. HCl ·
removes precursor
radicals of dioxin |
Conditioning Rotor |
Facilitates the taking place of the reaction between
the additives and flue gas pollutants. Recycles the unused additives |
Flat-Bag Filter |
Filters the fine carbon particulates attributed to
the dark smoke emission |
·
Stage I: Construction
of a new cremator plant room, new generator room, ancillary facilities,
installation of four new single cremators, renovation of the existing service
halls in the crematorium. A specified process licence will be obtained for the
operation of the new cremators.
·
Stage II: Demolition
of the two existing twin cremators after the satisfactory commissioning of the
new cremators and renovation of the old cremator rooms.
Table 2.1 Project Construction Programme
Project
Construction Activity |
From |
To |
Stage I construction |
August 2002 |
December 2003 |
Commissioning of new cremators |
January 2004 |
March 2004 |
Stage II construction |
April 2004 |
June 2004 |
Operation of new cremators |
April 2004 |
-- |
Table 3.1 Hong Kong Air Quality Objectives
Pollutant |
Maximum Average Concentration (µg m-3)
(1) |
|||
|
1-Hour (2) |
8-Hour (3) |
24-Hour (3) |
Annual (4) |
TSP |
- |
- |
260 |
80 |
RSP (5) |
- |
- |
180 |
55 |
NO2 |
300 |
- |
150 |
80 |
CO |
30,000 |
10,000 |
----- |
----- |
1. Measured at 298 K and 101.325 kPa.
2 Not to be exceeded more than three times
per year.
3 Not to be exceeded more than once per year.
4. Arithmetic mean.
5 Suspended particulates in air with a
nominal aerodynamic diameter of 10 mm or smaller.
Table 3.2 Air Quality Criteria for non-AQO Pollutants
Parameter |
Unit |
Criteria |
|
1 hour |
Annual |
||
Dioxins (1) |
pgI-TEQ/m3 |
33.6 (2) |
3.5 (3) |
Hydrogen Chloride (HCl) |
mg/m3 |
3,000 (3) |
7 (3) |
Mercury (Hg) |
mg/m3 |
18 (3) |
1 (4) |
1.
Expressed as TCDD-equivalent concentration of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorobenzo
dioxin (TCDD)
2.
TM for Issuing Air Pollution Abatement Notices to Control Air Pollution
From Stationary Polluting Processes
3.
California Air Resources Board, California Environmental Protection
Agency, 1999
4.
Guidelines for Air Quality, World Health Organisation, 2000.
Table 3.3 Health Risk Guidelines for Exposure to Air Toxics (1)
Acceptability of
Cancer Risk |
Estimated
Individual Cancer Risk Level |
|
Individual Lifetime
Risk (2) |
Individual Risk Per
Year |
|
Significant |
> 10 –4 |
> 1.4 x 10 –6 |
Risk should be reduced to As Low As Reasonably Practicable (ALARP) |
> 10-6 – 10-4 |
> 1.4 x 10-8 – 1.4 x 10 -6 |
Insignificant |
10 –6 |
1.4 x 10 –8 |
(1) California
Air Resources Board, California Environmental Protection Agency (CARB)
(2) Assumed
as 70 years recommended by World Health Organization (WHO)
· Waste Disposal Ordinance (Cap 354);
· Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation (Cap 354);
· Land (Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Cap 28);
· Public Health and Municipal Services Ordinance (Cap 132) – Public Cleansing and Prevention of Nuisances Regulations
· Waste Disposal Plan for Hong Kong (December 1989), Planning, Environment and Lands Branch, Hong Kong Government Secretariat;
· Environmental Guidelines for Planning in Hong Kong (1990), Hong Kong Planning Standards and Guidelines, Planning Department;
· New Disposal Arrangements For Construction Waste (1992), Environmental Protection Department and Civil Engineering Department;
· Code Of Practice On The Packaging, Labelling And Storage Of Chemical Wastes (1992), Environmental Protection Department;
· Waste Reduction Framework Plan, 1998-2007 (1998), Planning, Environment and Lands Branch, Hong Kong Government Secretariat;
· Works Branch Technical Circular (WBTC) No. 2/93, Public Dumps;
· WBTC No. 2/93B, Public Filling Facilities;
· WBTC No. 16/96, Wet Soil in Public Dumps;
· WBTC No. 4/98 & 4/98A, Use of Public Fill in Reclamation and Earth Filling Projects;
· WBTC No. 5/98, On Site Sorting Of Construction Waste On Demolition Sites;
· WBTC No. 5/99 & 5/99A, Trip-ticket System for Disposal of Construction and Demolition Material;
· WBTC No. 19/99, Metallic Site Hoardings and Signboards;
·
WBTC
No. 25/99, 25/99A & 25/99B, Incorporation of Information on Construction
and Demolition Material Management in Public Works Subcommittee Papers;
·
WBTC
No. 12/2000, Fill Management;
· WBTC No. 29/2000, Waste Management Plan;
· Code of Practice on Asbestos Control (4 sets);
· Code of Practice – Safety and Health at Work with Asbestos; and
· Code of Practice on the Handling, Transportation and Disposal of Asbestos Waste.
· Annex 10 : Criteria for Evaluating Visual and Landscape Impact, and Impact on Sites of Cultural Heritage
· Annex 18 : Guidelines for Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment
Table 4.1 Annual Average Concentrations of Pollutants (2000)
Pollutants |
Monitoring Station |
Annual Average |
TSP |
Shatin |
58 mgm-3 |
RSP |
Shatin |
46 mgm-3 |
NO2 |
Shatin |
46 mgm-3 |
CO |
Tsuen Wan |
915 mgm-3 |
Dioxins (1) |
Tsuen Wan |
0.061 pg I-TEQ m-3 |
1.
Expressed as TCDD-equivalent concentration of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorobenzo
dioxin (TCDD).
Chimney Emissions
Table 4.2 Results of Stack Emission Measurements
Pollutants |
Measured Emission
Concentration (mg/m3) (1) |
Particulate matter |
48 mg/m3 |
HCl |
9 mg/m3 |
CO |
276 mg/m3 (2) |
TOC |
0.015 mg/m3 |
Dioxins and furans (3) |
0.53 ng I-TEQ /m3 |
(1) Expressed
as reference conditions of dry, 0oC, 101.325kPa, 11% O2.
(2)
Figure
in italic exceeded the BPM requirement.
(3)
Expressed
as TCDD-equivalent concentration of
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorobenzo dioxin (TCDD)
Table 4.3 Air Sensitive Receivers
ASRs |
Description |
Distance (m)(1) |
Elevation (mPD) |
No. of floors |
Land Uses |
A1 |
Village
in Lower Shing Mun Road |
134 |
47 |
1 |
Residential |
A2 |
Staff
Quarter |
96 |
67 |
2 |
Residential |
A3 |
Lakeview
Garden (House 1) |
270 |
165 |
3 |
Residential |
A4 |
Lakeview Garden
(Block 5) |
357 |
155 |
7 |
Residential |
A5 |
Po Leung
Kuk Y. C. Cheng Centre |
425 |
87 |
3 |
G/IC |
A6 |
Fu Shan
Public Mortuary |
282 |
93 |
4 |
G/IC |
A7 |
Heung Fan
Liu Village/ Proposed
CDA site |
235 |
21/ 17 |
1/ 19 – 21(2) |
Residential |
A8 |
Granville
Garden |
498 |
20 |
29 + 5
storeys of car parks |
Residential |
A9 |
Area 38A
Development(3) |
483 |
48 |
8 |
School |
A10 |
Area 4C Development (3) |
255 |
14 |
40 |
Residential |
(1)
Distance
measured from the chimney to the site boundary of ASRs.
(2)
Source:
Master Layout Plan of the Proposed CDA
site
(3)
Areas
4C & 38A Developments are to be developed for schools, Home Ownership
Scheme (HOS) and Public Housing Estate, 8 and 40 numbers of floor were assumed
for schools and residential blocks respectively.
Table 4.4 Dust Emission Factors
Activities |
Dust Emission Factor |
General construction activities |
2.69 Mg/hectare/month (Section 13.2.3) (1) |
Wind erosion of open site |
0.85 Mg/hectare/year (Table 11.9.4) (1) |
(1) Reference to AP-42, 5th Edition
·
Wind
speed : 1 and 2 m/s
·
Wind
direction : 0- 360o with resolution of
5o
·
Stability
class : B & D for daytime; D & F for
night time
·
Surface
roughness : 1 m
·
Mixing
height : 500 m
Design
of Crematorium
·
2500 m3/ hr (at 6.3% O2
and 15.5 % H2O) for the 170 kg cremator1; and
·
4600
m3/ hr (at 11% O2 and 12.7% H2O)
for the 250 kg cremator1.
Table 4.5 Emission Concentrations of Pollutants
Pollutant |
Emission
Concentration (1) |
|
|
BPM 12/2 Limit |
Target Emission
Limit (2) |
Particulate Matter |
100 mg/m3 |
10 mg/m3 |
HCl |
100 mg/m3 |
10 mg/m3 |
CO |
100 mg/m3 |
50 mg/m3 |
TOC |
20 mg/m3 |
20 mg/m3 |
Hg |
- |
0.2 mg/m3 |
Dioxins (3) |
1 ng/m3 |
0.1 ng/m3 |
(1)
Expressed
at reference conditions of 0oC, 101.325 kPa, 11% O2 and
dry conditions.
(2)
Germany
Emission Standards for Cremator.
(3)
Expressed
as TCDD-equivalent concentration of
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorobenzo dioxin (TCDD)
Pollutant Emission Rates
Table 4.6 Concentration Limits of Crematorium
Parameter |
Concentration Limit
(mg/m3) (1) |
Emission Rates
(g/s) |
|
170 kg cremator (2) |
250 kg cremator (3) |
||
RSP |
100 mg/m3 |
4.59 x 10-2 |
5.35 x 10-2 |
HCl |
100 mg/m3 |
4.59 x 10-2 |
5.35 x 10-2 |
CO |
100 mg/m3 |
4.59 x 10-2 |
5.35 x 10-2 |
TOC |
20 mg/m3 |
9.19 x 10-3 |
1.07 x 10-2 |
Hg |
0.2 mg/m3 |
9.19 x 10-5 |
1.07 x 10-4 |
Dioxins (4) |
1 ng/m3 |
4.59 x 10 –10 |
5.35 x10-10 |
(1)
Expressed
as reference condition of 0oC, 101.325 kPa, 11% O2 and
dry condition.
(2)
Flow
rate of 1654 m3/hr at reference conditions.
(3)
Flow
rate of 1926 m3/hr at reference conditions.
(4)
Expressed
as TCDD-equivalent concentration of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorobenzo dioxin (TCDD)
Air Dispersion Model
Health Risk Analysis
Odour
Table 4.7 Predicted Maximum TSP Concentrations
ASR |
Elevation (mPD) |
Maximum TSP Level (mg/m3) (1) |
|
1-hr |
24-hr |
||
A1 |
47 |
152 |
100 |
A2 |
67 |
191 |
117 |
A3 |
165 |
77 |
67 |
A4 |
155 |
70 |
64 |
A5 |
87 |
67 |
62 |
A6 |
93 |
77 |
67 |
A7 |
21 |
89 |
72 |
A8 |
20 |
65 |
61 |
A9 |
48 |
66 |
61 |
(1) Background TSP level of 58 mg/m3 included in the figure.
· Work area segregation,
· Containment for the removal of friable ACM,
· Provision of personal decontamination facility,
· Use of personal respiratory/ protection equipment,
· Adequate but not excessive water-spraying on the ACM being removed,
· Use of vacuum cleaner equipped with high-efficiency air particulate (HEPA) filter for the area cleanup, and
· Air monitoring during the asbestos abatement work.
· a registered asbestos contractor to carry out,
· a registered asbestos supervisor to supervise,
· a registered asbestos laboratory to air-monitor, and
· a registered asbestos consultant supervise the carrying out of and to certify the asbestos abatement work.
Table 4.8 Maximum Pollutant Concentration at the Worst Impacted ASRs
Pollutant |
Worst Impacted
ASR/ height above ground (m) |
Averaging Time |
Concentration (mg/m3) (1) |
Criteria (mg/m3) |
RSP |
A4/ 1.5m |
24 hour 1 year |
60 48 |
180 55 |
CO |
A10/ 90 m |
1 hour 8 hour |
1110 947 |
30000 10000 |
HCl |
A10/ 90 m A4/1.5m |
1 hour 1 year |
195 2.2 |
3000 7 |
TOC |
A10/ 90 m |
1 hour |
39 |
- |
Hg |
A10/ 90 m A4/1.5m |
1 hour 1 year |
0.39 0.004 |
18 1 |
Dioxins (2) |
A10/ 90 m A4/ 1.5 m |
1 hour 1 year |
2.0 x 10-6 8.3 x 10 –8 |
3.36 x 10-5 3.5 x 10-6 |
(1)
Background
included for RSP, CO and dioxins in the figure.
(2)
Expressed
as TCDD-equivalent concentration of
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorobenzo dioxin (TCDD)
Table 4.9 Daily RSP Concentration at ASR
ASR |
Concentration (mg
m-3)* |
||||||||||||
Height above ground (m) |
|||||||||||||
1.5 |
10 |
20 |
30 |
40 |
50 |
60 |
70 |
80 |
90 |
100 |
110 |
120 |
|
A1 |
46 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A2 |
48 |
50 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A3 |
53 |
53 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A4 |
60 |
59 |
54 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A5 |
48 |
50 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A6 |
49 |
53 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A7 |
46 |
46 |
46 |
46 |
47 |
47 |
48 |
51 |
54 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A8 |
46 |
46 |
46 |
47 |
47 |
48 |
49 |
50 |
54 |
53 |
50 |
-- |
-- |
A9 |
46 |
46 |
46 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A10 |
46 |
46 |
46 |
46 |
46 |
47 |
47 |
48 |
50 |
59 |
57 |
48 |
47 |
* Background PM concentration of 46 mgm-3
is included.
-- No air sensitive receiver is located at this
elevation.
Table 4.10 Annual RSP Concentration at ASR
ASR |
Concentration (mg
m-3)* |
||||||||||||
Height above ground (m) |
|||||||||||||
1.5 |
10 |
20 |
30 |
40 |
50 |
60 |
70 |
80 |
90 |
100 |
110 |
120 |
|
A1 |
46 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A2 |
46 |
46 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A3 |
47 |
47 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A4 |
48 |
48 |
47 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A5 |
46 |
46 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A6 |
46 |
46 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A7 |
46 |
46 |
46 |
46 |
46 |
46 |
46 |
46 |
47 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A8 |
46 |
46 |
46 |
46 |
46 |
46 |
46 |
46 |
47 |
47 |
46 |
-- |
-- |
A9 |
46 |
46 |
46 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A10 |
46 |
46 |
46 |
46 |
46 |
46 |
46 |
46 |
46 |
46 |
46 |
46 |
46 |
* Background PM concentration of 46 mgm-3
is included.
--No air sensitive receiver is located at this elevation.
Table 4.11 Hourly CO Concentration at ASR
ASR |
Concentration (mg
m-3)* |
||||||||||||
Height above ground (m) |
|||||||||||||
1.5 |
10 |
20 |
30 |
40 |
50 |
60 |
70 |
80 |
90 |
100 |
110 |
120 |
|
A1 |
917 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A2 |
925 |
932 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A3 |
964 |
968 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A4 |
955 |
954 |
948 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A5 |
970 |
978 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A6 |
988 |
993 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A7 |
916 |
916 |
917 |
918 |
919 |
922 |
931 |
968 |
1022 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A8 |
918 |
918 |
919 |
919 |
920 |
923 |
932 |
943 |
996 |
1018 |
969 |
-- |
-- |
A9 |
921 |
921 |
922 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A10 |
917 |
917 |
917 |
918 |
920 |
921 |
925 |
948 |
977 |
1110 |
1083 |
951 |
924 |
* Background CO concentration of 915 mg m-3 is included.
-- No air sensitive receiver is located at this
elevation.
Table 4.12 8-hour Average CO Concentration at ASR
ASR |
Concentration (mg
m-3)* |
||||||||||||
Height above ground (m) |
|||||||||||||
1.5 |
10 |
20 |
30 |
40 |
50 |
60 |
70 |
80 |
90 |
100 |
110 |
120 |
|
A1 |
915 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A2 |
919 |
928 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A3 |
933 |
936 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A4 |
936 |
935 |
932 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A5 |
922 |
926 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A6 |
924 |
931 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A7 |
915 |
915 |
915 |
916 |
916 |
917 |
919 |
924 |
939 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A8 |
916 |
916 |
916 |
916 |
917 |
918 |
919 |
922 |
931 |
930 |
922 |
-- |
-- |
A9 |
916 |
916 |
916 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A10 |
915 |
915 |
916 |
916 |
916 |
916 |
917 |
921 |
926 |
947 |
943 |
921 |
917 |
* Background CO
concentration of 915 mg m-3 is included.
-- No air sensitive receiver
is located at this elevation.
Table 4.13 Hourly HCl Concentrations at ASR
ASR |
Concentration (mg
m-3)* |
||||||||||||
Height above ground (m) |
|||||||||||||
1.5 |
10 |
20 |
30 |
40 |
50 |
60 |
70 |
80 |
90 |
100 |
110 |
120 |
|
A1 |
1.8 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A2 |
9.7 |
16.8 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A3 |
49.1 |
52.9 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A4 |
40.1 |
39.3 |
33.5 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A5 |
55.1 |
63.1 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A6 |
73.2 |
78.4 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A7 |
1.2 |
1.4 |
2.1 |
3.1 |
4.5 |
7.3 |
16.2 |
53.4 |
106.6 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A8 |
3.3 |
3.5 |
3.8 |
4.3 |
4.9 |
8.2 |
16.6 |
28.2 |
81.5 |
103.1 |
53.9 |
-- |
-- |
A9 |
6.1 |
6.2 |
6.9 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A10 |
1.6 |
1.8 |
2.5 |
3.4 |
4.7 |
6.3 |
9.5 |
33.4 |
62.4 |
194.8 |
168.0 |
36.2 |
8.5 |
* Background not included in the figure.
-- No air sensitive receiver
is located at this elevation.
Table 4.14 Annual HCl Concentration at ASR
ASR |
Concentration (mg
m-3)* |
||||||||||||
Height above ground (m) |
|||||||||||||
1.5 |
10 |
20 |
30 |
40 |
50 |
60 |
70 |
80 |
90 |
100 |
110 |
120 |
|
A1 |
0.0 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A2 |
0.1 |
0.4 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A3 |
0.9 |
0.9 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A4 |
2.2 |
2.1 |
1.4 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A5 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
A6 |
0.2 |
0.4 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |