6.1 This section identifies the types of solid wastes that are likely to be generated during the construction and operation phases of the Project and evaluates the potential environmental impacts that may result from these wastes. The major solid waste would be construction and demolition (C&D) material generated from excavation and slope works. Wastes arising in the future, as with current operations, will be mainly general refuse and food and beverage waste from the visitors and staff. Mitigation measures and good site practices, including waste handling, storage and disposal, are recommended with reference to the applicable waste legislation and guidelines.
Environmental Legislation, Policies, Plans, Standards and Criteria
6.2 The criteria and guidelines for assessing waste management implications are outlined in Annex 7 and Annex 15 of the Technical Memorandum on Environmental Impact Assessment Process (EIAO-TM), respectively.
6.3 The following legislation relates to the handling, treatment and disposal of wastes in the Hong Kong SAR and has been used in assessing potential impacts:
· Waste Disposal Ordinance (Cap. 354)
· Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General)
Regulation (Cap. 354)
· Land (Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance
(Cap. 28)
· Public Health and Municipal Services
Ordinance (Cap. 132) - Public Cleansing and Prevention of Nuisances Regulation
Waste Management
6.4 The Waste Disposal Ordinance (WDO) prohibits the unauthorised disposal of wastes. Construction waste is defined as any substance, matter or thing that is generated from construction work and abandoned, whether or not it has been processed or stockpiled before being abandoned, but does not include any sludge, screenings or matter removed in or generated from any desludging, desilting or dredging works. Under the WDO, wastes can be disposed of only at designated waste disposal facilities.
6.5 Under the WDO, the Chemical Waste (General) Regulation 1992 provides regulations for chemical waste control, and administers the possession, storage, collection, transport and disposal of chemical wastes. The Environmental Protection Department (EPD) has also issued a ‘guideline’ document, the Code of Practice on the Packaging, Labelling and Storage of Chemical Wastes (1992), which details how the Contractor should comply with the regulations on chemical wastes.
6.6 The Public Cleansing and Prevention of Nuisances Regulation provides control on illegal tipping of wastes on unauthorised (unlicensed) sites.
Construction and Demolition (C&D) Materials
6.7 The current policy related to the dumping of C&D material is documented in the Works Branch Technical Circular No. 2/93, ‘Public Dumps’. Construction and demolition materials that are wholly inert, namely public fill, should not be disposed of to landfill, but taken to public filling areas, which usually form part of reclamation schemes. The Land (Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance requires that dumping licences be obtained by individuals or companies who deliver public fill to public filling areas. The Civil Engineering & Development Department (CEDD) issues the licences under delegated powers from the Director of Lands.
6.8 Under the Waste Disposal (Charges for Disposal of Construction Waste) Regulation, enacted in January 2006, construction waste delivered to a landfill for disposal must not contain more than 50% by weight of inert material. Construction waste delivered to a sorting facility for disposal must contain more than 50% by weight of inert material, and construction waste delivered to a public fill reception facility for disposal must consist entirely of inert material.
6.9 Measures have been introduced under Environment, Transport and Works Bureau (ETWB) TCW No. 33/2002, “Management of Construction and Demolition Material Including Rock” to enhance the management of construction and demolition material, and to minimize its generation at source. The enhancement measures include: (i) drawing up a Construction and Demolition Material Management Plan (C&DMMP) at the feasibility study or preliminary design stage to minimize C&D material generation and encourage proper management of such material; and (ii) providing the contractor with information from the C&DMMP in order to facilitate him in the preparation of the Waste Management Plan (WMP) and to minimize C&D material generation during construction. Projects generating C&D material less than 50,000m3 or importing fill material less than 50,000m3 are exempt from the C&DMMP. The new ETWB TCW No. 19/2005 “Environmental Management on Construction Sites” includes procedures on waste management requiring contractors to reduce the C&D material to be disposed of during the course of construction. A Waste Management Plan should be submitted by the contractor prior to the commencement of construction works.
6.10 The criteria for assessing waste management implications are outlined in Annex 7 of the EIAO-TM. The methods for assessing potential waste management impacts during the construction phase follow those presented in Annex 15 of the EIAO-TM and include the following:
§
Estimation
of the types and quantities of the wastes generated.
§
Assessment
of potential impacts from the management of solid waste with respect to
potential hazards, air and odour emissions, noise, wastewater discharges and
transport.
§
Assessment
of impacts on the capacity of waste collection, transfer and disposal
facilities.
Identification and Evaluation of Environmental Impacts
Construction Phase
6.11 The construction activities to be carried out for the proposed Project would generate a variety of wastes that can be divided into distinct categories based on their composition and ultimate method of disposal. The identified waste types include:
§
Construction and demolition (C&D) materials
§
General refuse
§
Chemical waste
6.12 Each type of waste arising is described below, together with an evaluation of the potential environmental impacts associated with generation, handling, storage and transport of the waste.
Construction and Demolition Material
6.13
Construction and demolition
(C&D) material would be generated from site formation (for Park expansion)
and tunnel construction (for the funicular train). The C&D material would comprise mostly
rock (majority of volcanic rock), with an estimated total volume of
approximately
6.14
The C&D material should be
re-used on-site as far as possible to minimize the net amount of C&D
material generated from the Project.
Given that the expansion and reconstruction works for the Project would
mainly involve demolition, excavation and cutting works, it is expected that
only a limited amount of C&D material (less than 5%) could be reused
on-site as backfill material and for landscaping works. The volume of surplus C&D material
requiring disposal off-site is thus approximately
6.15
The proposed Project would generate about
6.16 The proposed Project would generate about 998,850 m3 of rock material, mainly from the site formation for the proposed New Headland area and the formation of the funicular tunnel. The rock material generated is volcanic in nature and therefore is not suitable to be used as concrete aggregates for construction purposes. However, the rock material generated could be re-used for reclamation or rock fill by other projects either in the HKSAR or elsewhere. At the very initial stage of the planning for the proposed Project, consideration had also been given to re-use the rock material in reclamation and site formation projects in the Mainland since the local reclamation and site formation projects would not be able to accept all this surplus rock material from the proposed Project. Following the signing of the “Implementation Scheme on Hong Kong Disposal of Inert C&D materials in the Mainland” between the HKSAR and the Mainland, the disposal of surplus inert C&D material to the Mainland is expected to be via the official channel coordinated by the Government of the HKSAR.
6.17
To the extent that Government
can accommodate the material volumes generated, the surplus rock and other
inert C&D material will be disposed of at the Government’s public fill
reception facilities, for beneficial use by other projects in the HKSAR, or
further disposed of in the Mainland for use by other suitable projects in the
Mainland. It is understood that
Government will provide two public fill reception facilities (PFRF) for such
disposal by vessels. Government advises
that disposal of material to PFRFs should be considered as last resorts with
the preferred approach to reuse the material within the Project or in other
projects. Proponents would also explore
appropriate contracts either in Mainland
6.18 If inert C&D Material is to be delivered to the public fill reception facilities (PFRFs) by vessels, prior approval is required and the following conditions will apply. The proponent should further liaise with the Secretary of the Public Fill Committee and shall take account of these in formulating its approach to disposal of excavated material, and on the overall programme of the Redevelopment.
•
Material
delivered should be of size less than
•
Receipt of
material will be subject to the availability of the berthing spaces at the
PFRFs;
•
PFRFs at
Tseung Kwan O and Tuen Mun would allow for only one berthing space each to
handle material from the Ocean Park Redevelopment project until March 2008;
•
Unloading the
materials from vessels to the designated seafront loading area at each PFRF would
be the responsibility of the Proponent.
•
Unloading of
vessels would only be allowed at the designated seafront loading area at Tuen
Mun PFRF between 8:30a.m. and 4:00 p.m., and at Tseung Kwan O PFRF between
8:00a.m. and 6:00p.m. Vessels shall
leave PFRFs by 4:00p.m. at Tuen Mun and 6:00 p.m. at Tseung Kwan O even when
they have not yet unloaded all materials.
Vessels shall not be allowed to berth at PFRFs overnight.
•
Unloading of
barges would be suspended 1 hour after the hoisting of tropical cyclone warning
signal No. 1. Reception services shall
be resumed within 24 hours after the lowering of all tropical cyclone warning
signals.
•
Unloading of
barges would also be suspended at Tuen Mun PFRF at times when visibility is
less than 0.5 nautical mile.
6.19 Once sufficient working benches have been developed it would be necessary to increase the maximum weekly production to around 6,000 m3 per day. To achieve a crushing and conveying rate of 6,000 m3 per day, it would necessary to operate the mobile crusher(s) for a minimum of eleven hours per day during the period of maximum rock production. Maintaining this level of production would be dependent on the availability of a consistent level of barging services and acceptable receptor sites. It is understood that these services would be unavailable once Typhoon Signal 1 is hoisted (through to lowering of all typhoon signals) or in the case of low visibility. Since there are no mooring facilities available at the Site, blasting, excavation and crushing activities would be suspended once the working benches are filled.
6.20
The majority of the surplus
C&D material, about 1,317,900 m3, would come from the site formation work for the
New Headland area. To handle and dispose
of such large quantity of surplus C&D material offsite from the New
Headland area, with least environmental impacts, a conveyor belt system would be
used. The rock debris, after
processing/ crushing will either be directly loaded onto the conveyor belt
system or transferred to the conveyor via a vertical shaft (“the glory hole”)
down to the conveyor running within a section of horizontal tunnel, which would
then export the material to the barging point (refer to Figure 3.4-3.6). For either option, the conveyor belt system
will convey the excavated material from the top of the
New Headland area down to the seafront at Tai Shue Wan, where a barging point
would be erected for receiving the excavated material from the conveyor belt
system. A temporary stockpiling area
would be provided at the newly formed platforms at the Headland in case the
disposal of rock materials to local projects or CEDD’s Fill Bank is disrupted. The indicative routing of the proposed conveyor belt
to be used for the transfer of excavated material from the headland expansion
area to the proposed barging point at Tai Shue Wan is indicated on Figure 3.4.
6.21 To further minimize the environmental impacts due to dust and noise, the conveyor belt system would be fully enclosed. The barging point would also be equipped with water spray to suppress dust generation as illustrated in Figure 3.6. The barges, loaded with excavated material, would transport the excavated material to the public fill reception points by sea.
6.22 The throughput for the excavation at the New Headland area would depend on the blasting design and the construction programme requirements. It is expected that the throughput could reach as high as about 6,000 m3 per day. Assuming that each barge would be able to receive about 800 m3 per day of excavated material, about 8 barge loads would be required per day for disposal of the excavated material from the New Headland area on these days with throughput reaching about 6,000 m3 per day. The frequency of the barges for transporting the excavated material is on average one barge per hour.
6.23
For the excavation work for the funicular tunnel, the normal throughput
of the excavated material is about
6.24 Since the construction activities would be located near the coast, improper management of C&D materials may introduce debris and pollutants to the coastal waters, and mitigation measures, including adoption of good site practices, would be required for control of impacts.
Table 6.1 Summary of C&D Material Volumes
|
Works Item |
Excavated rock (m3) |
Artificial hard material (m3)
|
Material other than rock &
artificial hard material(1) (m3) |
Total C&D material (m3) |
C&D material to be reused on
site (m3) |
C&D material to be delivered to public filling areas (m3) |
C&D waste to be delivered to landfill site(2) (m3) |
|
New Headland |
|||||||
|
Site
Formation |
891,000 |
500 |
44,500 |
936,000 |
0 |
936,000 |
30,000 |
|
Slopeworks |
19,000 |
0 |
1,000 |
20,000 |
0 |
20,000 |
0 |
|
Existing Headland |
|||||||
|
Demolition |
0 |
20,000 |
0 |
20,000 |
0 |
20,000 |
5,000 |
|
Site
Formation |
34,000 |
0 |
136,000 |
170,000 |
5,000 |
165,000 |
0 |
|
Slopeworks |
1,200 |
0 |
4,800 |
6,000 |
0 |
6,000 |
0 |
|
Lowland |
|||||||
|
Demolition |
0 |
72,000 |
0 |
72,000 |
0 |
72,000 |
7,500 |
|
Site
Formation |
10,000 |
0 |
40,000 |
50,000 |
5,500 |
44,500 |
0 |
|
Slopeworks |
400 |
0 |
1,600 |
2,000 |
0 |
2,000 |
0 |
|
Funicular Tunnel |
|||||||
|
Excavation |
43,250 |
0 |
1,750 |
45,000 |
0 |
45,000 |
0 |
|
Tai Shue Wan |
|||||||
|
Demolition |
0 |
7,500 |
0 |
7,500 |
100 |
7,400 |
250 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
998,850 |
100,000 |
229,650 |
1,328,500 |
10,600 |
1,317,900 |
42,750 |
Note:
(1) The type of material other than rock & artificial
hard material comprises mainly soil, topsoil and other unsuitable inert
materials such as decomposed volcanic rock.
(2) The quantity of C&D waste of
Table 6.2 Estimated Timing of C&D Material and
C&D Waste Generation
|
|
|
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Month |
7-9 |
10-12 |
1-3 |
4-6 |
7-9 |
10-12 |
1-3 |
4-6 |
7-9 |
10-12 |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
Rock |
AHM |
Others |
Rock |
AHM |
Others |
Rock |
AHM |
Others |
Rock |
AHM |
Others |
Rock |
AHM |
Others |
Rock |
AHM |
Others |
Rock |
AHM |
Others |
Rock |
AHM |
Others |
Rock |
AHM |
Others |
Rock |
AHM |
Others |
|
New
Headland Area |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C&D
Material |
|
|
|
|
500 |
9,500
|
|
|
5,000
|
219,500
|
|
10,000
|
219,500
|
|
10,000
|
234,500
|
|
5,000
|
236,500
|
|
6,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C&D
Waste |
|
|
10,000
|
|
|
20,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Existing Headland |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C&D
Material |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10,000
|
15,000
|
40,000
|
|
|
C&D
Waste |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,500
|
|
Lowland |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C&D
Material |
|
50,000
|
|
|
14,500
|
11,800
|
2,000
|
|
18,000
|
5,700
|
|
7,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C&D
Waste |
|
|
2,000
|
|
|
2,000
|
|
|
1,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Funicular Tunnel |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C&D
Material |
|
|
|
|
|
1,000
|
10,750
|
|
750 |
11,500
|
|
|
11,500
|
|
|
9,500
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tai Shue Wan |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C&D
Material |
7,500
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C&D
Waste |
|
|
250 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009 |
2010 |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Month |
1-3 |
4-6 |
7-9 |
10-12 |
1-3 |
4-6 |
7-9 |
10-12 |
|||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
Rock |
AHM |
Others |
Rock |
AHM |
Others |
Rock |
AHM |
Others |
Rock |
AHM |
Others |
Rock |
AHM |
Others |
Rock |
AHM |
Others |
Rock |
AHM |
Others |
Rock |
AHM |
Others |
|
New
Headland Area |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C&D
Material |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C&D
Waste |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Existing Headland |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C&D
Material |
15,200
|
5,000
|
45,800
|
10,000
|
|
55,000
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C&D
Waste |
|
|
2,500
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lowland |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C&D
Material |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7,000
|
500 |
2,700
|
500 |
3,800
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
500 |
|
|
C&D
Waste |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,500
|
|
|
500 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
500 |
|
Funicular Tunnel |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C&D
Material |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tai Shue Wan |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C&D
Material |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C&D
Waste |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note:
(1) Volumes are in m3
(2)
AHM = Artificial hard material
General Refuse
6.25 The construction workforce would generate refuse comprising food scraps, waste paper, empty containers, etc. Such refuse should be properly managed so intentional or accidental release to the surrounding environment does not occur. Disposal of refuse at sites other than approved waste transfer or disposal facilities shall be prohibited. Effective collection of site wastes would be required to prevent waste materials being blown around by wind, flushed or leached into the marine environment, or creating an odour nuisance or pest and vermin problem. Waste storage areas should be well maintained and cleaned regularly. With the implementation of good waste management practices at the site, adverse environmental impacts are not expected to arise from the storage, handling and transportation of workforce wastes. The maximum number of construction workers to be employed is estimated to be about 2,000 workers. Based on a generation rate of 0.65 kg per worker per day, the maximum daily arising of general refuse during the construction period would be approximately 1,300 kg and this waste can be effectively controlled by normal measures.
Chemical Waste
6.26 The maintenance and servicing of construction plant and equipment may generate some chemical wastes such as cleaning fluids, solvents, lubrication oil and fuel. Maintenance of vehicles may also involve the use of a variety of chemicals, oil and lubricants. It is difficult to quantify the amount of chemical waste that will arise from the construction activities since it will be dependent on the Contractor’s on-site maintenance requirements and the amount of plant utilised. However, it is anticipated that the quantity of chemical waste, such as lubricating oil and solvent produced from plant maintenance, would be small and in the order of a few cubic metres per month. The amount of chemical waste to be generated will be quantified in the site Waste Management Plan to be prepared by the Contractor.
6.27 Chemical wastes arising during the construction phase may pose environmental, health and safety hazards if not stored and disposed of in an appropriate manner as stipulated in the Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulations. The potential hazards include:
§
Toxic effects to workers
§
Adverse impacts on water quality from spills
§
Fire hazards.
6.28 Materials classified as chemical wastes will require special handling and storage arrangements before removal for appropriate treatment at the approved Chemical Waste Treatment Facility. Wherever possible opportunities should be taken to reuse and recycle materials. Mitigation and control requirements for chemical wastes are detailed in Section 6.38. Provided that the handling, storage and disposal of chemical wastes are in accordance with these requirements, adverse environmental impacts are not expected to result.
Types of Waste Arising
6.29 The main waste type generated during the existing operation of the Park is general refuse (from site operations and general services) and food and beverage waste (from catering services). Other waste materials currently generated during the park operation include chemical waste, biological waste (clinical waste and expired drugs) and occasionally an animal carcass. Chemical waste is generated by the cable car ride (lubrication oil and kerosene), rides maintenance (lubrication oil), aquarium (lubrication oil), life support system (lubrication oil and thinner), veterinary hospital (x-ray developer) and the environmental laboratory (spent acid, alkali, phenol and organic solvent).
6.30 The increase in quantity of general refuse and food and beverage waste would be proportional to the estimated increase in visitor and staff numbers following redevelopment of the Park. Based on the available records of existing waste quantities, the estimated future waste quantity of general refuse and food and beverage waste is indicated in Table 6.3, and represents an increase of approximately 30%. The disposal of future waste generated at the Park would follow the existing handling and disposal arrangements as indicated in Table 6.3.
Table 6.3 Summary of Waste Materials Produced
During Park Operation
|
Waste
Material Type |
Existing
Annual Quantity (kg) |
Future
Annual Quantity (kg) 6 |
Handling
& Disposal Route |
|
General
Refuse 1 |
4,450,000
kg 12,200 kg/day (0.382
kg/person/day) |
15,950
kg/day |
Landfill |
|
Landscaping
Waste 1 |
920,000
kg |
|
Recycling
and surplus disposed to landfill. |
|
Food
& Beverage Waste 1 |
1,500
kg/day (0.047
kg/person/day) |
1,960
kg/day |
Landfill |
|
Chemical
Waste 2 |
8362 kg approx
23 kg/day |
12,500
kg approx
34 kg/day |
Waste
bags collected by a registered collector. |
|
Biological
Waste – Clinical Waste from Clinical Laboratory, |
797 kg |
1,000 kg |
Clinical
waste storage room at new Waste
bags collected every two weeks from designated Refuse Collection Point at Disposed
to landfill. |
|
Biological
Waste – Expired Drugs 4 |
7 kg |
11 kg |
Drug
disposal licence obtained from EPD. Collection
is called as required. Disposed to Chemical Waste Treatment Facility. |
|
Animal
Carcass 5 |
2 tonnes
per month |
3,750 kg |
Two
freezers for storage of carcasses. Collection
by registered waste collector is called as required. Permit obtained from EPD
for disposal to landfill. |
Notes:
1. Quantity
of general refuse, food & beverage waste and landscaping waste based on
records for the period July 2004 – July 2005
2. Quantity
of chemical waste based on records for the period July 2004 – June 2005
3. Quantity
of clinical waste based on records for the period January 2004 – December 2004
4. Quantity
of expired drugs is the average quantity collected during the four collection
events during the period 31/1/2001 - 26/4/2005.
5. Disposal
quantity of 2 tonnes per month is the maximum quantity permitted in the permit
issued by EPD for the disposal at landfill of disinfected animal carcass parts,
classified as “special waste”, for the period 17/12/2004 – 16/6/2005
6. Future annual quantities of General Refuse
and Food & Beverage Waste based on increase in visitor numbers from 4.0 M
per year (existing) to 5.05M per year (ultimate scenario for 2010/11), and
increase in staff numbers from 900 per day (existing) to 1,750 per day
(ultimate scenario). Daily peak visitor
numbers predicted to increase from 31,000 (existing) to 40,000 (ultimate
scenario).
7. Future estimates of the annual quantities of
chemical wastes, biological wastes and animal carcass provided by
Mitigation of Adverse Environmental Impacts
Good Site Practices
6.31 Adverse impacts related to waste management are not expected to arise, provided that good site practices are strictly followed. Recommendations for good site practices during the construction activities include:
§
Nomination of an approved person, such as a site
manager, to be responsible for good site practices, arrangements for collection
and effective disposal to an appropriate facility, of all wastes generated at
the site
§
Training of site personnel in proper waste management
and chemical handling procedures
§
Provision of sufficient waste disposal points and
regular collection of waste
§
Appropriate measures to minimise windblown litter and
dust during transportation of waste by either covering trucks or by
transporting wastes in enclosed containers
§
Regular cleaning and maintenance programme for
drainage systems, sumps and oil interceptors.
Waste Reduction Measures
6.32 Good management and control can prevent the generation of a significant amount of waste. Waste reduction is best achieved at the planning and design stage, as well as by ensuring the implementation of good site practices. Recommendations to achieve waste reduction include:
§
Sort C&D waste from demolition and
decommissioning of the existing facilities to recover recyclable portions such
as metals
§
Segregation and storage of different types of waste
in different containers, skips or stockpiles to enhance reuse or recycling of
materials and their proper disposal
§
Encourage collection of aluminium cans by providing
separate labelled bins to enable this waste to be segregated from other general
refuse generated by the work force
§
Proper storage and site practices to minimise the
potential for damage or contamination of construction materials
§
Plan and stock construction materials carefully to
minimise amount of waste generated and avoid unnecessary generation of waste.
6.33 In addition to the above measures, specific mitigation measures are recommended below for the identified waste arising to minimise environmental impacts during handling, transportation and disposal of these wastes.
General Refuse
6.34
General refuse should be stored
in enclosed bins or compaction units separate from C&D material. A reputable waste collector should be
employed by the contractor
Construction and Demolition Material
6.35 In order to minimise impacts resulting from collection and transportation of C&D material for off-site disposal, the excavated materials arising from site formation and tunnel construction should be reused on-site as backfilling material and for landscaping works as far as practicable. In addition, volcanic rock generated from the site formation and tunnelling works should be disposed of at public fill areas for other beneficial uses. Other mitigation requirements are listed below:
§
A Waste Management Plan should be prepared.
§
A recording system for the amount of wastes generated,
recycled and disposed (including the disposal sites) should be proposed.
§
In order to monitor the disposal of C&D and solid
wastes at public filling facilities and landfills, and to control fly-tipping,
a trip-ticket system (e.g. ETWB TCW No. 31/2004) should be included.
Chemical Wastes
6.36 If chemical wastes are produced at the construction site, the Contractor would be required to register with the EPD as a chemical waste producer and to follow the guidelines stated in the Code of Practice on the Packaging, Labelling and Storage of Chemical Wastes. Good quality containers compatible with the chemical wastes should be used, and incompatible chemicals should be stored separately. Appropriate labels should be securely attached on each chemical waste container indicating the corresponding chemical characteristics of the chemical waste, such as explosive, flammable, oxidizing, irritant, toxic, harmful, corrosive, etc. The Contractor shall use a licensed collector to transport and dispose of the chemical wastes, to either the approved Chemical Waste Treatment Centre, or another licensed facility, in accordance with the Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation.
6.37 Table 6.4 provides a summary of the various waste types likely to be generated during the construction activities for the redevelopment of the Park, together with the recommended handling and disposal methods.
Table 6.4 Summary of Waste Handling Procedures and Disposal Routes
|
Waste Material Type |
Generated from works item |
Total Quantity Generated |
Quantity to be disposed off-site |
Disposal |
Handling |
|
C&D
Material |
Site
formation; Construction
of tunnel for Funicular Train |
1,328,500 m3 |
1,317,900 m3 |
To be
reused on-site (10,600 m3) To be
disposed to public fill reception points for other beneficial uses (1,317,900 m3) To be
disposed to landfill (42,750 m3) |
Segregate
volcanic rock to avoid contamination from other waste. Covered
conveyor belt to transfer C&D material to barging point |
|
General
Refuse |
Waste
paper, discarded containers, etc. generated from workforce |
1,300 kg per day (preliminary estimate based on workforce
of 2,000) |
1,300 kg per day |
Refuse
station for compaction and containerisation and then to landfill |
Provide
on-site refuse collection points |
|
Chemical
Waste |
Cleansing
fluids, solvent, lubrication oil and fuel from construction plant and
equipment |
Few cubic metres per month (preliminary estimate) |
Few cubic metres per month (preliminary estimate) |
Chemical
Waste Treatment Centre |
Recycle
on-site or by licensed companies. Stored
on-site within suitably designed containers |
Evaluation of Residual Impacts
6.38 With the implementation of the recommended mitigation measures for the handling, transportation and disposal of the identified waste arising, no residual impact is expected to arise during the construction and operation of the proposed Project.
Environmental Monitoring and Audit
6.39 Waste management would be the contractor’s responsibility to ensure that all wastes produced during the construction of the Project are handled, stored and disposed of in accordance with good waste management practices and EPD’s regulations and requirements. The recommended mitigation measures shall form the basis of the site Waste Management Plan to be developed by the Contractor in the construction stage.
6.40 Waste types generated by the construction activities are likely to include C&D material (from site formation, excavation and tunnelling works), general refuse from the workforce, and chemical waste from the maintenance of construction plant and equipment. Provided that these wastes are handled, transported and disposed of using approved methods and that the recommended good site practices are strictly followed, adverse environmental impacts is not expected during the construction phase.
6.41 The main waste types generated during the existing operation of the Park are general refuse (from site operations and general services) and food and beverage waste (from catering services). Other waste materials currently generated during the park operation include chemical waste, biological waste (clinical waste and expired drugs) and the occasional animal carcass. Based on the predicted increase in visitor and staff numbers following redevelopment of the Park, the quantity of general refuse and food and beverage waste has been estimated to increase by approximately 30% and would be met by a commensurate increase in the number of waste collection bins and collection points provided at the Park. The handling, collection, transportation and disposal practices of the identified waste arising would follow the existing arrangements currently in operation at the Park.