Table 4.8 Recommended Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures in Construction and Operational Phases

ID No.	Nature/ Type	Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measure	Funding / Implementation	Management / Maintenance
CM-01	Design/ Construction Planning	Temporary Tree Nurseries - Due to accessibility difficulties, new large trees are prone to be damaged when being transported within the Park. Small on-site temporary tree nurseries may be set up at various locations at an early stage to allow small trees to grow during the construction period. By the time these trees are needed at the end of the construction for each Phase, they will have matured and grown. They will require minimal pruning and suffer much less damage during transplanting, as the moving distance from an on-site rather than off-site nursery will be much smaller. These trees may also be positioned as visual mitigation during the construction period.	Ocean Park	N/A
CM-02	Design/ Construction Planning	No-intrusion zone - To maximize protection to existing trees, ground vegetation and the associated under-storey habitats, construction contracts may designate ‘no-intrusion zones’ to various areas of the site where no construction activities will take place. Simple but durable boundary fences may be set up around each zone. The contractor shall instruct their staff and their subcontractors not to enter the zones, even for non-direct construction activities, such as lunch break, resting, urination etc. The construction contract may require the contractors to derive contractually enforceable mechanism to monitor its staff and its subcontractors and to penalize violators.	Ocean Park	N/A
CM-03	Design/ Construction Planning	Hoarding – Two generic types of hoarding or boundary fencing for construction shall be considered. One type should be graphical and thematic, and visually ‘impermeable’ to block view into the construction. It shall be used for areas in close contact with visitors and for areas where visual intrusion is a critical concern. The other should be subtle, camouflaged and more ‘permeable’ so that they fit into the surrounding existing landscape. It will be used for areas to be viewed at a distance.	Ocean Park	N/A
CM-04	Site Practice	Hill Fire Prevention - Burning shall be strictly prohibited onsite to prevent hill-fire. Welding activities shall be properly monitored and followed up. Smoking shall only be permitted in designated areas. The Contractor shall include in the safety plans ways to prevent hill fire, to patrol, to ensure good house keeping, to combat hill fire, and to develop an evacuation plan. The construction Contract shall refer the local laws and shall include enforceable clauses to require the Contractor to compensate loss of existing trees (even outside the Park boundary) due to hill fires where due to the negligence of the Contractor.	Ocean Park	N/A
CM-05	Site Practice	Appearance of Construction Workers - A recent example from the expansion project of the Hong Kong International Airport shows a great concern on possible impacts of construction workers to users of existing facilities. To protect the image of the Park, construction workers may enter park areas only with their helmets and safety vests properly stored or carried in non-transparent bags. They shall also dress properly and cleanly. The construction contract should require the main contractor to derive enforceable mechanism to monitor its staff and its subcontractors and to penalize violators.	Ocean Park	N/A
CM-06	Site Practice	Dust and Erosion Control for Exposed Soil - The cutting of Nam Long Shan is at a prominent location on top of the hill highly visible from surrounding areas. Slope cutting shall be planned and carried out with well-planning and with caution to suppress dust. Exposed soil shall be covered or ‘camouflaged’ and watered often. Areas that are expected to be left with bare soil for a long period of time shall be hydroseeded and covered with suitable protective fabrics. Due to the exposed nature of the site, additional measures may be necessary during windy conditions. Existing vegetation, including trees, surrounding the work site should be also be watered periodically during dry periods to remove dust accumulated on foliage. Silt and erosion shall be controlled by ground barriers around the slope cutting area.	Ocean Park	N/A
CM-07	Site Supervision	Quarterly Report on Existing Trees – To ensure protection to existing trees to be retained or transplanted during construction, the construction contract may require the Contractor to provide a quarterly photographic report on such trees.	Ocean Park	N/A
CM-08	Site Supervision	Inspection/ Supervision by Relevant Resident Site Staff – Due to the special nature of the project, Ocean Park and the main contractor should employ sufficient resident landscape architects and landscape inspectors of works to ensure a due consideration of landscape and visual impacts and mitigations throughout the construction period.	Ocean Park	N/A
CM-09	Design/ Construction Planning	Construction Plant/ Machinery – To minimize the visual intrusion of construction activities to tourists and visitors, a suitable color scheme of construction machines and plants shall be adopted if available. Construction machines and plants shall be cleaned on a regular basis. .	Ocean Park	N/A
CM-10		(Not used)
CM-11		(Not used)
CM-12	Design/ Construction Planning	Irrigation Water – A large amount of fresh water will be required for planting new vegetation. Some planting may be carried out in advance when irrigation network is not complete. Some planting, such as hillside planting, is not even intended to be served by permanent irrigation systems. The Contractor should plan reliable water source and distribution networks, including possible temporary water tanks and water trucks, for irrigation.	Ocean Park	N/A
CM-13	Design/ Construction Planning	The barging point and The conveyor belt system – The removal of excavated material from the Summit requires installation of a conveyor and a barging point. The conveyor will be covered, except the portion where it meets the barging point. The aim of covering or enclosing the conveyor is to avoid noise and air quality issues; however, the conveyor where above-ground should be adequately screened and/ or constructed of suitable materials and in colours/ tones that minimize visual intrusion. Due to the existing pleasant setting of the area, the barging point structure (including possible docking locations of barges) shall be properly screened. The appearance of the conveyor shall be carefully designed. The alignment of the conveyor and the location may be adjusted on site to avoid unnecessary disturbance to existing trees.	Ocean Park	N/A

CM-14	Site Practice	Construction Light – All security floodlights for construction sites shall be equipped with adjustable shield , frosted diffusers and reflective covers, and be carefully controlled to minimize light pollution and night-time glare to the nearby residences. The Contractor should consider other security measures, such as infrared cameras, which impose lower impacts.	Ocean Park	N/A
OM-01	Design/ Construction Planning	Large-size Plants – The completed Park will seek to provide an ‘immediate’ greening effect for enjoyment. Wherever technically possible, such as in flat areas, use trees in ‘Semi-mature’ and ‘Heavy-standard’ sizes’.	Ocean Park	Ocean Park
OM-02	Design/ Construction Planning	Tree Transplanting –Trees of high to medium survival rate after transplanting to be affected by the works shall be transplanted. Where practicable, trees shall be directly transplanted to permanent onsite locations.	Ocean Park	Ocean Park, By others if outside Ocean Park
OM-03	Design/ Construction Planning	Tree Compensation Ratio – The proposed redevelopment of the Park is an expansion of the developed area of the Park and a reduction in the natural or undeveloped portion of the Park. For the Summit, there would be a considerable reduction in the numbers of existing shrubs and an overall reduction in planting areas. Existing trees to be felled shall be compensated at a min. 1:1 ratio by new trees.	Ocean Park	Ocean Park, By others if outside Ocean Park
OM-04	Design/ Construction Planning	Balanced Woodland Mix - Some areas of the development will require special, exotic planting, such as large palm trees in Tropical Forest, to match themes of the areas. Wherever thematic planting is not required, planting of native woodland mix species shall be maximized to preserve or to re-create a native landscape and ecological habitats. However, many of the woodland species are only available in the market in small or whips size, which will fail to give ‘instant’ greening effect. A balanced mix of small and large size plants of different species shall be carefully selected.	Ocean Park	Ocean Park, By AFCD if outside Ocean Park
OM-05	Design/ Construction Planning	Hardy Plants – There is a substantial variation of vegetation coverage and density on the existing site. Careful consideration on sun orientation, altitude, wind direction, proximity to sea, and other microclimate factors to select correct species of plants will be necessary. Proposed vegetation, including that in thematic areas, shall be of species that tolerate the exposed and salty environment of the site.	Ocean Park	Ocean Park, By others if outside Ocean Park
OM-06	Design/ Construction Planning	Minimize Impacts on Existing Vegetation – Removal of existing vegetation should be minimized through careful planning and master layout on park facilities. Some of the proposed works, such as roadworks along Wong Chuk Hang Road and the Hypercoaster in the Summit, do not require landform leveling and their layout may be adjusted at an early design stage to suit existing vegetation. A detailed tree survey and assessment shall be carried out after an EIA approval.	Ocean Park	Ocean Park, By others if outside Ocean Park
OM-07	Design/ Construction Planning	On-structure Planting – A substantial portion of planting in the Waterfront will be on-structure/ on-slab, over the proposed car park. Sufficient soil depth, structural loading, and drainage should be allowed. Minimum 1200mm soil depth (excluding subsoil drainage layer) should be provided for large trees.	Ocean Park	Ocean Park
OM-08	Design/ Construction Planning	Reuse of Existing Soil – Existing topsoil shall be reused where possible for new planting areas within the project. The construction program shall consider using the soil removed from one phase for backfilling another. Suitable storage ground, gathering ground and mixing ground may be set up onsite as necessary.	Ocean Park	Ocean Park
OM-09	Design/ Construction Planning	Trees for Landform Change - The Summit development will require cutting of the existing Nam Long Shan to form flatland for new facilities. Fast-growing tree species shall be planted along the east edge and the west edge to visually offset the landform change.	Ocean Park	Ocean Park
OM-10		Not used.
OM-11	Site Supervision	Establishment Period – Most construction contracts in Hong Kong require the Contractor to carry out routine horticultural operations, including watering, pruning, weeding, pest control, replacement of dead plants etc. to ensure healthy establishment of new planting during a 12 month establishment period. This Period also serves as a kind of warranty/ guarantee on the quality of the plants supplied and installed by the Contractor. There will be a significant fraction of woodland/ hillside/ slope planting that requires planting of whips or seedlings. The quality of these small plants is sometimes difficult to assess in one growing season. The 12 month establishment period will incentivize the Contractor to provide quality materials and uphold good maintenance.	Ocean Park	Ocean Park
OM-12	Design/ Construction Planning	Irrigation Water – Some hillside planting may not be intended to be served by permanent irrigation system. The Contractor should plan reliable water source and distribution networks, including possible temporary water tanks and water trucks, to ensure sufficient watering during the Establishment Period.	Ocean Park	Ocean Park
OM-13	Design/ Construction Planning	Enhancement along Public Roads in Wong Chuk Hang – The proposed roadwork outside the new Ocean Park boundary near Wong Chuk Hang Road and Ocean Park Road should minimize affecting existing roadside trees. The roadside amenity areas shall be enhanced with extensive planting.	Ocean Park	Ocean Park, By HyD/ LCSD if outside Ocean Park
OM-14	Design/ Construction Planning	Boundary with Neighbors – Boundary features and boundary fence walls, especially those to be shared with neighboring development such as the Hong Kong Country Club, shall be carefully designed.	Ocean Park	Ocean Park
OM-15	Design/ Construction Planning	Overall Lighting Strategy – Theme park design would carefully consider a reasonable level of functional and thematic lighting with due consideration of possible light pollution and night-time glare to the surroundings. Consideration shall be made by the lighting designers to the following measures: - lighting shall be designed with due consideration of mounting height and direction of light fixtures so as not to point directly towards any sensitive receiver - lighting shall be arranged with due consideration of reflectance so as to avoid glare effect - lighting shall be regularly monitored during operation - lights located adjacent or in proximity to neighbors shall be carefully designed to prevent possible light intrusion - lighting operation schedule shall specify only lights necessary for security to be left on after business hours - paving materials should be selected as necessary to reduce potential glare from surface reflectance - particular attention should be paid to the use of lighting having a high intensity or harsher tone (e.g. metal halide lamps) - lights shall generally be models having precise cut-off range (such as full cut-off optics where available and practicable) and if necessary be fitted with adjustable anti-glare shields.	Ocean Park	Ocean Park
OM-16	Design/ Construction Planning	Large Building Form –Special attention should be paid to eliminating reflective glare from sunlight. Finishing materials shall have due consideration to form, basic color, color/ tone variation, micro- and macro- texture, and reflectivity/ light absorbance to avoid glare.	Ocean Park	Ocean Park
OM-17	Design/ Construction Planning	Retaining Wall Design – Some portion of the proposed redevelopment will be built against the hillside. Leveled platforms will be created and in association with retaining walls. The layout and treatment of retaining walls shall be an integral part of the proposed park facilities. Other treatments, such as planting in front of walls, that are sympathetic to the surroundings may also be considered.	Ocean Park	Ocean Park
OM-18	Design/ Construction Planning	Appearance and Greening for Non-thematic Elements – The appearance of individual park facilities and elements is mostly determined by designed themes. However, for non-thematic elements that are not of ‘utility’ nature, such as water tanks, sympathetic design on the form, color, and texture shall be provided to attain a visual balance for the overall site and also to accentuate thematic elements. Planting, such as turf, low groundcovers and climbers, may also be planted on top of these elements to provide greening and aesthetic effect.	Ocean Park	Ocean Park
OM-19	Design/ Construction Planning	Overall Greening Strategy – Woodland mix planting with native trees and shrubs would be adopted where practicable.