·
a definition of the scope and contents of the study, including a
description of the assessment methodology,
·
a review of the relevant planning and development control framework,
·
a baseline study providing a comprehensive and accurate description of
the baseline landscape resources, landscape character areas and Visual
Sensitive Receivers (VSRs),
·
recommendation of appropriate mitigation measures and associated
implementation programmes,
·
identification of the potential landscape and visual impacts and
prediction of their magnitude and potential significance, before and after the
mitigation measures, and
·
an assessment of the acceptability or otherwise of the predicted
residual impacts, according to the five criteria set out in Annex 10 of the
Technical Memorandum on Environmental Impact Assessment Process (EIAO-TM).
·
Environmental Impact Assessment Ordinance (Cap.499.S.16) and the
Technical Memorandum on EIA Process (EIAO-TM), particularly Annexes 10 and 18
·
Environmental Impact Assessment Ordinance Guidance Note 8/2002
·
ETWB TCW No. 17/2000 - Improvement to the Appearance of Slopes
·
Town Planning Ordinance (Cap 131)
·
Land Administration Office Instruction (LAOI) Section D-12 - Tree
Preservation
·
WBTC No. 7/2002 - Tree Planting in Public Works
·
ETWB TCW No. 34/2003 - Community Involvement in Greening Works
·
ETWB TCW No. 2/2004 - Maintenance of Vegetation and Hard Landscape
Features
·
ETWB TCW No. 11/2004 - Cyber Manual for Greening
·
ETWB TCW No. 29/2004 - Registration of Old and Valuable Trees, and
Guidelines for their Preservation
·
ETWB TCW No. 10/2005 - Planting on Footbridges and Flyovers
·
ETWB TCW No. 3/2006 - Tree Preservation
·
Forests and Countryside Ordinance (Cap 96) and its subsidiary
legislations
·
GEO publication (1999) - Use of Vegetation as Surface Protection on
Slopes
·
GEO 1/2000 - Technical Guidelines on Landscape Treatment and
Bio-engineering of Man-made Slopes and Retaining Walls
·
HyD TC No.7/2006 – Independent vetting of Tree Works under the
Maintenance of Highways Department
·
Government General Regulation 740 – restrictions on the preservation and
felling of trees in
·
·
Study on Landscape Value Mapping of
·
DSD - Guidelines on Aesthetic Design of Pumping Station Buildings;
October 2006
·
The Harbour Planning Principles published by the Harbour-front
Enhancement Committee (http://www.harbourfront.org.hk/eng/content_page/doc/HEC_guidelines_e.pdf)
·
Identification of the
baseline landscape resources found within the sites and works area. This is achieved by site
visit and desktop study of topographical maps, information databases and
photographs.
·
Assessment of the degree of
sensitivity to change of the landscape resources. This is influenced by a number of factors
including:
·
quality and maturity of landscape resources/characters,
·
rarity of landscape resources/characters,
·
whether is considered to be of local, regional, national or global
importance,
·
whether there are any statutory or regulatory limitations/requirements
relating to the landscape resource/characters, and
·
ability of the landscape resource/character to accommodate change.
The sensitivity of each landscape
resources and character areas is classified as follows:
High: |
Important landscape or
landscape resources of particularly distinctive character or high importance,
sensitive to relatively small changes. |
Medium |
Landscape or landscape
resources of moderately valued landscape characteristics reasonably tolerant
to change. |
Low: |
Landscape or landscape
resources of low valued landscape characteristics. |
·
Identification of potential
sources of landscape impacts. These are various elements of construction works
and operational procedures that would generate landscape impacts.
·
Identification of magnitude
of landscape impacts. The magnitude of the impact (or magnitude of change) depends on a number
of factors including:
·
the physical extent of the impact,
·
compatibility of the project with the surrounding landscape,
·
duration of impacts i.e. whether it is temporary (short, medium or long
term), under construction and operation phases, and
·
reversibility of change.
The magnitude of landscape impacts is
classified as follows:
Large: |
The landscape or
landscape resource would suffer a major change. |
Intermediate: |
The landscape or
landscape resources would suffer moderate change. |
Small: |
The landscape or
landscape resources would suffer slight or barely perceptible change. |
Negligible: |
The landscape or
landscape resources would suffer no discernible change. |
·
Identification of potential
landscape mitigation measures. Mitigation measures may take the form of
·
adopting alternative design or revisions to the basic engineering and
architectural design to prevent and/or minimize adverse impacts,
·
remedial measures such as colour and textural treatment of physical, engineering
and building features, and
·
compensatory measures such as implementation of landscape design
measures (e.g. tree planting, creation of new open space etc) to compensate for
unavoidable adverse impacts and to attempt to generate potentially beneficial
long term impacts.
The agencies responsible for the funding
implementation, management and maintenance of the mitigation measures are
identified.
·
Predicted significance of
landscape impacts before and after the implementation of the mitigation measures. By synthesising the magnitude of
various impacts and the sensitivity of various landscape resources it is
possible to categorise impacts in a logical, well-reasoned and consistent
fashion. Table 13.1 shows the
rationale for dividing the degree of significance into four thresholds, namely
insubstantial, slight, moderate, and substantial, depending on the combination
of a negligible-small-intermediate-large magnitude of impact and a
low-medium-high degree of sensitivity of landscape resource/character.
Magnitude of Impact (Change) |
Large |
Moderate |
Moderate / Substantial |
Substantial |
Intermediate |
Slight / Moderate |
Moderate |
Moderate
/ Substantial |
|
Small |
Insubstantial / Slight |
Slight / Moderate |
Moderate |
|
Negligible |
Insubstantial |
Insubstantial |
Insubstantial |
|
|
Low |
Medium |
High |
|
|
Receptor Sensitivity (of Landscape Resource, Landscape Character
Area or VSRs) |
·
Prediction of Acceptability
of Impacts. An
overall assessment of the acceptability, or otherwise, of the impacts according
to the five criteria set out in Annex 10 of the EIAO-TM.
·
Identification of Zones of
Visual Influence (ZVIs) during the construction and operation phase of the
project. This is
achieved by site visit and desktop study of topographic maps and photographs,
and preparation of cross-section to determine visibility of the project from
various locations.
·
Identification of Visual
Sensitive Receivers (VSRs) within the Zone of Visual Influence (ZVIs) at
construction and operation stages. These are the people who would reside within, work
within, play within, or travel through, the ZVIs.
·
Assessment of the degree of
sensitivity to change of the VSRs.
Factors considered include:
·
the type of VSRs, which is classified according to whether the person is
at home, at work, at school, at play, or travelling. Those who view the impact
from their homes are considered to be highly sensitive as the attractiveness or
otherwise of the outlook from their home would have a substantial effect on
their perception of the quality and acceptability of their home environment and
their general quality of life. Those who view the impact from their workplace
and at school are considered to be only moderately sensitive as the
attractiveness or otherwise of the outlook would have a less important,
although still material, effect on their perception of their quality of life.
The degree to which this applies depends on whether the workplace is
industrial, retail or commercial. Those who view the impact whilst taking part
in an outdoor leisure activity may display varying sensitivity depending on the
type of leisure activity. Those who view the impact whilst traveling on a
public thoroughfare would also display varying sensitivity depending on the
speed of travel.
·
other factors which are considered (as required by EIAO GN 8/2002)
include the value and quality of existing views, the availability and amenity
of alternative views, the duration or frequency of view, and the degree of
visibility.
The sensitivity of VSRs is classified as
follows:
High: |
The VSR is highly sensitive
to any change in their viewing experience. |
Medium: |
The VSR is moderately
sensitive to any change in their viewing experience. |
Low: |
The VSR is only slightly
sensitive to any change in their viewing experience. |
·
Identification of relative
numbers of VSRs. This is
expressed in term of whether there are very few, few, many or very many VSRs in
any one category of VSR.
·
Identification of potential
sources of visual impacts. These are the various elements of the construction works and operation
procedures that would generate visual impacts.
·
Assessment of the potential
magnitude of visual impacts. Factors considered include
·
the compatibility with the surrounding landscape,
·
the duration of the impact,
·
the reversibility of the impact,
·
the scale of the impact and distance of the source of impact from the
viewer, and
·
the degree of visibility of the impact, and the degree of which the
impact dominates the field of vision of the viewer.
The magnitude of visual impacts is classified
as follows:
Large: |
The VSRs would suffer a
major change in their viewing experience. |
Intermediate: |
The VSRs would suffer a
moderate in their viewing experience. |
Small: |
The VSRs would suffer a small
change in their viewing experience. |
Negligible: |
The VSRs would suffer no
discernible change in their viewing experience. |
·
Identification of potential
visual mitigation measures. These may take the form of adopting alternative designs or revisions to
the basic engineering and architectural design to prevent and/or minimise
adverse impacts, remedial measures such as colour and textural treatment of
building features, and tree planting to screen the roads and associated bridge
structures. A programme for the mitigation measures is provided. The agencies
responsible for the implementation, management and maintenance of the
mitigation measures are identified and their approval-in-principle has been
sought.
·
Prediction of the
significance of visual impacts before and after the implementation of the
mitigation measures. By synthesising the magnitude of the various visual impacts and the
sensitivity of the VSRs, and the numbers of VSRs that are affected, it is
possible to categorise the degree of significance of the impacts in a logical,
well-reasoned and consistent fashion. Depending on the combination of a
negligible-small-intermediate-large magnitude of impact and a low-medium-high
degree of sensitivity of VSRs, the rationale for dividing the degree of
significance into four thresholds is shown below, including insubstantial,
slight, moderate and substantial,
The significance of visual impacts is
categorised as follows:
Substantial: |
Adverse / beneficial impact where the proposal would cause significant
deterioration or improvement in existing visual quality. |
Moderate: |
Adverse / beneficial impact where the proposal would cause a
noticeable deterioration or improvement in existing visual quality. |
Slight: |
Adverse / beneficial impact where the proposal would cause a barely
perceptible deterioration or improvement in existing visual quality. |
Insubstantial: |
No discernible change in the existing visual quality. |
·
Prediction of Acceptability
of Impacts. An
overall assessment of the acceptability, or otherwise, of the impacts according
to the five criteria set out in Annex 10 of the EIAO-TM.
l
Identification
and plotting of visual envelope of the Project and associated works,
l
Identification
of key groups of sensitive receivers within the visual envelope with regard to
views from ground level, sea level and elevated vantage points,
l
Description
of the visual compatibility of the Project and associated works within the
surrounding, both existing and planned uses, its obstruction and interference
with the key views of the adjacent areas, and
l
Description
of severity of visual impacts in terms of nature, distance and number of
sensitive receivers. The visual
impact of the Project and associated works with and without mitigations shall
be assessed, and the effectiveness of the mitigation measures shall be
demonstrated.
General
Review of the
Outline Zoning Plans (OZPs)
l
Draft North
Point OZP No. S/H8/21
l
Approved Wan
Chai OZP No. S/H5/25
l
Draft Wan
Chai North OZP No. S/H25/1
l
Approved
Central District OZP No. S/H14/12
l
Approved
Central District (Extension) OZP No. S/H24/6
l
Draft Sai
Ying Pun & Sheung Wan OZP No. S/H3/21
l
Approved Pok
Fu Lam OZP No. S/H10/15
l
l
Approved
Aberdeen & Ap Lei Chau OZP No. S/H15/24
l
Approved
Table 13.2 Details
list of OZPs and Zoning of the proposed development
Location |
OZPs |
Zoning |
North
Point PTW |
S/H8/21 |
OU |
North
Point Temporary works |
S/H8/21 |
GIC |
Wan
Chai East PTW |
S/H25/1 |
GIC |
Wan
Chai East Temporary works |
S/H25/1 |
GIC |
Central
(Sheung Wan) PTW |
S/H3/21 |
GIC |
Central
Temporary works |
S/H3/21 |
Road,
O |
|
S/H10/15 |
GIC |
|
S/H10/15 |
O |
Cyberport
PTW |
S/H10/15 |
OU |
Cyberport
Temporary works |
S/H10/15 |
OU,
O |
Wah Fu
PTW |
S/H10/15 |
GIC |
|
S/H15/24 |
GIC |
|
S/H15/24 |
OU, O |
Ap Lei
Chau |
S/H15/24 |
GIC |
Ap Lei
Chau Temporary works |
S/H15/24 |
OU,
GB |
Stonecutters
SCISTW |
S/SC/8 |
OU |
Stonecutters
Temporary works |
S/SC/8 |
OU |
North Point
The existing PTW and temporary work area is
located on junction between
Wan Chai East
Total 92 number of trees are found in this area and 39 trees would be affected; mostly are Macaranga tanarius, Ficus virens, Melia azedarach and Delonix regia.
Central/Sai Ying Pun
The existing PTW is located on
The work is located on
Cyberport
The existing PTW and temporary works areas are
located on
Wah Fu
The existing PTW is located on
The existing PTW is located on
Ap Lei
Chau
The existing PTW is located on
The location is situated on eastern end of
Landscape Character Area
LCA1 –
Miscellaneous Urban Fringe Landscape
LCA2 –Civic
Urban Waterfront Landscape
LCA3 –
Transportation Corridor Landscape
LCA4 –
Residential Urban Landscape
LCA5 –
Industrial Urban Landscape
It is considered that they are compatible with their surrounding
environment as they are of small scale and wouldn’t have any negative landscape
impact on the exsiting Landscape Character Areas.
Landscape Sensitivity to Change
Table 13.3 List of the Landscape Resources and its Sensitivity to Change
|
Landscape Resource |
Major Tree Species (Common, Rare) |
Tree Size (Large,
Medium, Small) |
Amenity value of the
trees (Low, Medium, High) |
Sensitivity to Change (Low, Medium, High) |
LR1 |
Trees
in PTW
at North Point |
Common |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
LR2 |
Trees
in PTW
and temporary works areas at Wan Chai East |
Common |
Medium |
High |
High |
LR3 |
Trees in PTW at Central |
Common |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
LR4 |
Trees in PTW and temporary
works area at |
Common |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
LR5 |
Trees in PTW at Cyberport |
Common |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
LR6 |
Trees in PTW at Wah Fu |
Common |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
LR7 |
Trees in PTW and temporary
works area at |
Common |
Medium |
High |
High |
LR8 |
Trees in PTW and temporary
works area at Ap Lei Chau
|
Common |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
LR9 |
Trees in SCISTW and area for disinfection facilities on |
Common |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
Zone of Visual Influence (ZVI)
Visual Sensitive Receivers (VSRs)
Table 13.4 Visual
Sensitive Receivers (VSRs) and their Sensitivity to Change
Key Visual Sensitive
Receivers (VSRs) |
Type of VSRs |
Number of Individuals (Many/ Medium/ Few/ Very Few) |
Quality of Existing View (Good/ |
Availability of Alternative Views (Yes/ No) |
Degree of Visibility (Full/ Partial/ Glimpse) |
Frequency of View (Very Frequent/ Frequent/ Occasional/ Rare) |
Sensitivity to Change (Low, Medium, High) |
|
North
Point Area |
||||||||
C1.1 |
K. Wah Centre |
Commercial |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Low |
C1.2 |
625 King’s Road |
Commercial |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Low |
C1.3 |
Kodak House |
Commercial |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Low |
R1.1 |
Temporary Carpark, Planned Residential Area |
Residential |
Many |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Low |
R1.2 |
Healthy Garden |
Residential |
Many |
|
Yes |
Full |
Frequent |
High |
R1.3 |
614-632 King’s Road |
Residential |
Many |
|
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
High |
R1.4 |
483-497 King’s Road |
Residential |
Many |
|
Yes |
Partial |
Rare |
Medium |
R1.5 |
Healthy Village Estate |
Residential |
Many |
|
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
CR1.1 |
|
Commercial/ Residential |
Many |
|
Yes |
Glimpse |
Occasional |
Medium |
CR1.2 |
|
Commercial/ Residential |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Glimpse |
Occasional |
Medium |
GIC1.1 |
Tin |
Recreational |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
GIC1.2 |
Existing Car park, Planned Customs HR Tower |
Government/ Institution/ Community |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
GIC1.3 |
Kai Fong Ass. |
Government/ Institution/ Community |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
GIC1.4 |
ICAC North Point Headquarter |
Government/ Institution/ Community |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
GIC1.5 |
Regional Office Water Supplies Dept |
Government/ Institution/ Community |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Full |
Occasional |
Medium |
O1.1 |
Tin |
Recreational |
Many |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Frequent |
Medium |
O1.2 |
Sitting Out area near North Point waterfront |
Recreational |
Many |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
O1.3 |
Man |
Recreational |
Many |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Rare |
Medium |
O1.4 |
King’s Road Playground |
Recreational |
Many |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
T1.1 |
King’s Road |
Transportational |
Medium |
Poor |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Low |
T1.2 |
|
Transportational |
Medium |
Poor |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
T1.3 |
Island |
Transportational |
Medium |
Poor |
Yes |
Full |
Occasional |
Medium |
Wan Chai East Area |
||||||||
C2.1 |
Harbour Centre |
Commercial |
Many |
Good |
Yes |
Glimpse |
Occasional |
Medium |
C2.2 |
Causeway Centre |
Commercial |
Many |
|
Yes |
Glimpse |
Occasional |
Medium |
C2.3 |
Sun Hung Kai Centre |
Commercial |
Many |
|
Yes |
Glimpse |
Occasional |
Medium |
CR2.1 |
|
Commercial |
Many |
|
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
CR2.2 |
|
Commercial |
Many |
|
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
CR2.3 |
|
Commercial |
Many |
|
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
CR2.4 |
Elizabeth House |
Commercial |
Many |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
CR2.5 |
|
Commercial |
Many |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
CDA2.1 |
Existing Wan Chai Swimming Centre, Planned waterfront open
space |
Government/ Institution/ Community |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Glimpse |
Rare |
Low |
GIC2.1 |
Wan Chai Sport Ground |
Government/ Institution/ Community |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Glimpse |
Rare |
Low |
GIC2.2 |
SPCA |
Government/ Institution/ Community |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
GIC2.3 |
Vehicle Emission Testing Centre |
Government/ Institution/ Community |
Many |
|
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
OU2.1 |
Royal |
Recreational |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Rare |
Low |
OU2.2 |
Cross |
Recreational |
Medium |
|
Yes |
Glimpse |
Rare |
Medium |
O2.1 |
Wan Chai Waterfront park |
Recreational |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
T2.1 |
|
Transportational |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
T2.2 |
|
Transportational |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
T3.2 |
|
Transportational |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Low |
Central and Sai Ying Pun Area |
||||||||
C3.1 |
Shun Tak Centre |
Commercial |
Many |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
CR3.1 |
|
Commercial/ Residential |
Many |
Good |
Yes |
Glimpse |
Occasional |
Medium |
CR3.2 |
|
Commercial/ Residential |
Many |
|
Yes |
Glimpse |
Rare |
Medium |
CR3.3 |
|
Commercial/ Residential |
Many |
|
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
CR3.4 |
|
Commercial/ Residential |
Many |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
CR3.5 |
88-103A |
Commercial/ Residential |
Many |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
CR3.6 |
|
Commercial/ Residential |
Many |
Good |
Yes |
Glimpse |
Occasional |
Medium |
CR3.7 |
|
Commercial/ Residential |
Many |
Good |
Yes |
Glimpse |
Occasional |
Medium |
CR3.8 |
|
Commercial/ Residential |
Many |
Good |
Yes |
Glimpse |
Occasional |
Medium |
CR3.9 |
158A-162 |
Commercial/ Residential |
Many |
Good |
Yes |
Glimpse |
Rare |
Low |
CR3.10 |
|
Commercial/ Residential |
Many |
Good |
Yes |
Glimpse |
Rare |
Low |
CR3.11 |
168-185B |
Commercial/ Residential |
Many |
Good |
Yes |
Glimpse |
Rare |
Low |
GIC3.1 |
Sheung Wan Zone Substation |
Government/ Institution/ Community |
Few |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
GIC3.2 |
Waterfront Divisional Police Station |
Government/ Institution/ Community |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
GIC3.3 |
Sheung Wan Fire Station |
Government/ Institution/ Community |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
GIC3.4 |
|
Recreational |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
OU3.1 |
HK Macau Ferry Terminal |
Transportational |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
OU3.2 |
Bus Terminal |
Transportational |
Medium |
|
Yes |
Glimpse |
Occasional |
Medium |
OU3.3 |
Western Wholesale Market |
Commercial |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Glimpse |
Rare |
Low |
O3.1 |
|
Recreational |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
T3.1 |
|
Transportational |
Medium |
|
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
T3.2 |
|
Transportational |
Medium |
|
Yes |
Partial |
Rare |
Medium |
|
||||||||
CR4.1 |
Residential
Block on Sha Wan Drive |
Residential |
Many |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Rare |
Medium |
GIC4.1 |
Canossian
Retreat House |
Government/ Institution/ Community |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
GIC4.2 |
Duchess of |
Government/ Institution/ Community |
Medium |
|
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
GIC4.3 |
|
Government/ Institution/ Community |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
GIC4.4 |
|
Government/ Institution/ Community |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Rare |
Medium |
GIC4.5 |
HKU |
Recreational |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Rare |
Low |
OU4.1 |
|
Government/ Institution/ Community |
Medium |
|
Yes |
Partial |
Rare |
Low |
O4.1 |
|
Recreational |
Few |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Rare |
Low |
T4.1 |
|
Transportational |
Medium |
|
Yes |
Partial |
Rare |
Medium |
T4.2 |
Sea Travellers of |
Transportational |
Medium |
|
Yes |
Partial |
Rare |
Medium |
Cybeport Area |
||||||||
R5.1 |
|
Residential |
Many |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
R5.2 |
|
Residential |
Many |
Good |
Yes |
Full |
Occasional |
Medium |
OU5.1 |
Cyber Centre |
Commercial/ Residential |
Many |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Occasional |
Medium |
OU5.2 |
Bel-air |
Commercial/ Residential |
Many |