9.1.1
This
section presents a Cultural Heritage Impact Assessment (CHIA) of the Project,
identifying cultural heritage resources such as terrestrial and marine
archaeological sites, built heritage structures and assessing potential direct
and indirect impacts from the proposed construction activities on these heritage
resources, and recommending mitigation measures where required.
9.2
Environmental
Legislation and Standards
9.2.1
The
following legislation and guidelines are relevant to this study:
·
Antiquities
and Monuments Ordinance (Cap. 53)
·
Environmental
Impact Assessment Ordinance (EIAO) (Cap. 499, S.16)
·
Technical
Memorandum on the Environmental Impact Assessment Process (EIAO-TM)
·
Guidance
Notes on Assessment of Impact on Sites of Cultural Heritage in Environmental
Impact Assessment Studies (GN-CH)
·
Hong
Kong Planning Standards and Guidelines (HKPSG)
·
Guidelines
for Cultural Heritage Impact Assessment
·
Guidelines
for Marine Archaeological Investigation
·
Vibration
Limits on Heritage Building
Antiquities and Monuments Ordinance
(Cap.53)
9.2.2
The
Antiquities and Monuments Ordinance provides the statutory framework for the
preservation of objects of historical, archaeological and paleontological
interest.
9.2.3
The
Ordinance contains the statutory procedures for the Declaration of Monuments.
Under the Ordinance, a monument means a place, building, site or structure
which is declared to be a monument, historical building, archaeological or
paleontological site or structure because of its historical, archaeological or
paleontological significance under section 3 of the Ordinance.
9.2.4
Under
section 6 and subject to subsection (4) of the Ordinance, the following acts
are prohibited in relation to monuments, except under permit granted by the
Antiquities Authority.
·
To excavate, carry on building works,
plant or fell trees or deposit earth or refuse on or in a proposed monument or
monument; or
·
To demolish, remove, obstruct, deface or
interfere with a proposed monument or monument
9.2.5
The
discovery of an Antiquity, as defined in the Ordinance, must be reported to the
Antiquities Authority, or a designated person. The Ordinance also provides
that, the ownership of every relic discovered in Hong Kong after the
commencement of this ordinance shall vest in the Government from the moment of
discovery. The Authority on behalf of the Government may disclaim ownership of
the relic.
9.2.6
No
archaeological excavation can be carried out by any person, other than the
Authority and the designated person, without a licence issued by the Authority.
A licence will only be issued if the Authority is satisfied that the applicant
has sufficient scientific training or experience to enable him to carry out the
excavation and search satisfactorily, is able to conduct, or arrange for, a
proper scientific study of any antiquities discovered as a result of the
excavation and search, and has sufficient staff and financial support.
EIAO,
EIAO-TM & GN-CH
9.2.7
The
EIAO provides additional legislative protection to sites of cultural heritage
that are threatened by development and the Environmental Protection Department
is its authority. Annexes 10 and 19
of the EIAO-TM outline the guidelines and criteria for the CHIA. The GH-CH serves as a reference to
assist the understanding of the requirements set out in Section 2 of Annex 10
and Annex 19 of the EIAO-TM under the EIAO in assessing impact on sites of
cultural heritage in EIA studies.
Hong Kong Planning Standards
and Guidelines
9.2.8
Chapter
10 of the HKPSG provides general guidelines and measures for the conservation
of historical buildings, archaeological sites and other antiquities. It also
addresses the issue of enforcement. The appendices list the legislation and
administrative controls for conservation, other conservation related measures
in Hong Kong, and Government departments involved in conservation.
Guidelines for Cultural
Heritage Impact Assessment (GCHIA)
9.2.9
Guidelines
for Cultural Heritage Impact Assessment issued by the AMO regulate the conduct
of evaluating impacts to terrestrial archaeology and built heritage. This
Guideline is in Appendix E of Annex E of this EIA Study Brief.
Guidelines for Marine
Archaeological Investigation (GMAI)
9.2.10
The
AMO have also issued Guidelines for Marine Archaeological Investigation (MAI)
which details the standard practice, procedures and methodology which must be
undertaken in determining the marine archaeological potential, presence of
archaeological artefacts and defining suitable mitigation measures. This
Guideline is in Appendix D of Annex E of this EIA Study Brief.
Vibration
Limits on Heritage Buildings
9.2.11
In
accordance with vibration limit applied to blasting operations in Hong Kong by
Civil Engineering and Development Department (CEDD), the vibration level should be controlled
within a peak particle velocity (ppv) limit of 5mm/s measured inside historical
buildings to prevent potential damage to built heritages, i.e. Declared
Monuments and graded historical buildings, during blasting operations.
9.3.1
This
CHIA was carried out in accordance with GCHIA, GMAI, and the requirements as set out in Annex 10 and 19 of the
EIAO-TM. The CHIA was conducted and
reviewed by a qualified person. The assessment methodology for the CHIA is
described in the following sections.
Terrestrial Archaeology
Study Area
9.3.2
The
Study Area covers an area that stretches
Assessment
Methodology
9.3.3
A
desk-based archaeological review was conducted to identify any known
or potential sites of archaeological interest. Information
collected for desktop study includes the following sources:
·
Lists
of sites of archaeological interest by the AMO;
·
Published
and unpublished papers and studies by the AMO;
·
Publications
on relevant historical, anthropological, archaeological and other cultural
studies;
·
Lists
and archives kept in the Reference Library of the AMO;
·
Unpublished
papers, records, archival and historical documents through public libraries,
archives, and tertiary colleges;
·
Historical
documents which can be found in Public Records Office, Lands Registry, District
Lands Office, District Office, Museum of History;
·
Cartographic
and pictorial documentations; and
·
Previous
Archaeological Impact Assessment, Cultural Heritage Impact Assessment and / or
approved EIA studies conducted within the study area.
Marine Archaeology
Study Area
9.3.4
Study
Area for marine archaeology covers the proposed reclamation and bridge structure
for TKO Interchange situated at west coast of Junk Bay (see Figure
Assessment Methodology
9.3.5
In
accordance with the Guidelines for Marine Archaeological Investigation (MAI), a MAI was carried out to identify the
archaeological potential of the Study Area based on a baseline review and the
findings of a marine geophysical survey conducted by SDA Marine Ltd in
2009.
Baseline Review
9.3.6
The
aim of the Baseline Review is to compile a comprehensive inventory of cultural
heritage resources in the MAI assessment area. Incidents and information relevant to
the current study are included.
9.3.7
The
aim of the Baseline Review was to compile the most significant information in
order to establish the archaeological potential of the seabed within the reclamation area.
The Review has been drawn from desktop literature including:
·
Publications
on local historical, architectural, anthropological, archaeological and other
cultural studies;
·
Unpublished
papers, records, archival and historical documents held in local libraries and
other government departments;
·
Marine
charts records held in British Library and the National Maritime Museum Library
in London; and
·
All
archives holding information on shipwrecks in Hong Kong and UK were explored
for relevant data.
Geophysical Survey
9.3.8
A
Geophysical Survey was carried out during the period of 26th and 30th June
2009, to optimise the acquisition of data for the MAI. Marine side scan sonar
survey was conducted to find objects at or above the seabed with archaeological
potential. Marine seismic profiling survey was carried out to establish the
geological succession over the survey area and locate buried objects. Echo
sounding and swath survey was also employed to measure sea bed levels in detail
and map anomalous features.
Visual Diver Survey
9.3.9
A
visual diver survey was undertaken between in September and October
Built Heritage
9.3.10
The
Study Area covers an area that stretches
Assessment
Methodology
9.3.11
Features
which fall within the scope of built heritage resources include:
·
Pre-1950
structures, including all built features such as domestic structures, ancestral
halls, temples, shrines, monasteries and nunneries, village gates, village
walls, sections of historical stone paving, wells, schools;
·
Post
1950 structure deemed to possess features containing architectural or cultural
merit;
·
Pre-World
War Two (pre-1942) historic graves;
·
Cultural
landscape features; and
·
Historical
land use features, such as historical tracks and pathways, stone walls and
terraces, ponds and other agricultural features.
·
List
of 1,444 Historic Buildings Assessment issued by AMO with their existing and
proposed gradings.
9.3.12
The
definitions of the gradings are guidelines adopted by the Antiquities Advisory
Board and the AMO for the preservation of historic buildings. The
classification has three gradings:
Grade 1: Buildings
of outstanding merit, which every effort should be made to preserve if
possible.
Grade 2: Buildings
of special merit; efforts should be made to selectively preserve.
Grade 3: Buildings
of some merit; preservation in some form would be desirable and alternative
means could be considered if preservation is not practicable.
Desk-based
Study
9.3.13
A
desk-based Study and a field survey were conducted within the boundary of the
Study Area.
9.3.14
In
this study, the following information was collected, analyzed and collated to
determine the presence of historical occupation in the project area and thus to
assess the potential existence of cultural heritage within the potential
impacted area:
·
Background
information (e.g. AMO files, Public Records Office, map libraries, university
and public libraries, published and unpublished government and non-government
documents, cartographic and pictorial documents) of heritage sites (including
declared monuments, government historic sites, sites of archaeological interest
and graded historic buildings identified by AMO) within and in close proximity
to the study area;
·
Areas
proposed for construction and operation activities and potential impacts
induced by the project;
·
Identification
of previous recorded cultural heritage resources within the project boundary
which will be supplemented by a field survey as necessary subject to findings
of the desktop review; and
·
AMO’s
1,444 newly proposed historic buildings with their existing and respective
proposed grading.
Field Survey
9.3.15
Based
on the information of desk-based study, field visits were conducted among the
historical buildings and structures within the Study Area, to evaluate and
identify any additional heritage resources that were not covered by the
desk-based study within the study area. The methodology of the field survey is
described below.
9.3.16
The
survey consisted of a field evaluation incorporating the collection of
photographic, oral and written information on the architecture and history of built
heritage structures that might be impacted by the proposed works. The information collected in the field
survey was then entered onto typewritten forms.
Historical Background
Tseung Kwan O Region
9.4.1
A
review to geographical information indicates the role of TKO in the history of
south China coastal area. TKO is located at the eastern entrance to Victoria
Harbour. Joss House Bay – now lost to reclamation – lies to the southeast. Junk
Island is also known as Fat Tong Chau (佛頭洲Junk Island). The mountains that separate
Junk Bay and Joss House Bay from Clearwater Bay and Port Shelter are highest at
High Junk Peak.
9.4.2
TKO was
mentioned in a marine chart in a book named Great
Record of Guangdong (粵大記）, which
was published in late 16th century in Guangzhou. The book indicates that TKO bay lay along
a vital trade route established from the time of the Sung Dynasty (960-1279),
which connected Guangzhou on the Pearl River to northern China. TKO was considered a significant
anchorage or place of shelter, as shown by it being named Fat Tong Mun on
Imperial maps from as early as the 15th century.
9.4.3
Due to
its important coastal location at the eastern chokepoint of the
Victoria Harbor, TKO has functioned as a redoubt throughout the history of Hong
Kong during 1900 to 1941. The fortifications were built on the shorelines and
on Devil’s Peak in the 1900s, and can still be found
today.
9.4.4
A
review of historical information indicated that settlements established in TKO
since early Ming Dynasty, among them TKO village is the earliest. During the
Coastal Evacuation in the early Qing Dynasty, the village was abandoned and the
villagers moved back inland. In the late 17th Century, with the abolishing of
the Edict of the Coastal Evacuation, they returned and re-established the
village, such as Hang Hau Village.
9.4.5
A
review to historical maps shows that little settlement in
TKO except for TKO village at end of a long embayment can been seen on maps
from the 17th Century onwards[1]. Villages Yau Yue and Hang Hau, which are
near the Project Site, were not listed in 1819 editions of Xian County Gazetteer（新安縣誌）. A
detailed land survey was conducted in
9.4.6
TKL, also called Rennie's Mill, were settled in the first
half of the 20th Century. The place got its name from a Canadian
businessman named Alfred Herbert Rennie, who established the Hong Kong Milling Company and a
manufacture factory at Junk Bay. The business failed, and Rennie drowned
himself there in 1908. The factory site was re-developed as a secondary school
at Tiu Keng Leng refugee camp in the 1950s.
9.4.7
Other
villages skirting the old coastline of Junk Bay include Hang Hau (Stream
mouth), Yau Yue Wan (Cuttlefish Bay), and PSK (Hundred Victories Cape) – once
near the coast of Junk Bay but now well inland as a result of phases of
reclamation since the 1970s.
Cha Kwo Ling Region
9.4.8
Cha
Kwo Ling lies to the southeast of Kowloon Bay. It is a small hill lying between
Lei Yue Mun region and Kwun Tong region. Legend said that the small hill
resembles a Hakka dim sum called ‘Cha Kwo’ (茶果‘Tea
Biscuit’). Others said that the knoll gets its name from the large amount of
‘Cha Kwo’ wrapping leaves in the nearby area[2].
9.4.9
At the
end of the 18th century, the Hakkas migrated into the region.
Quarrying became their main occupation. Some grew crops and vegetables. Others
helped the fishermen to mend their fishing nets. They went to the market of
Shaukiwan to buy their necessities. The elders and gentries of Cha Kwo Ling,
with those of Ngau Tau Kok, Sai Tso Wan and Lei Yue Mun, formed the Si Shan
Kung So (四山公所the Communal Office of the Four Hills). The
organization ran the quarrying business of the region. They formed the Hop Yee
Lung (合義龍the Hop Yee Dragon Boat Committee) with the
fishermen of Shaukiwan.
9.4.10
By
that time, the villages of Cha Kwo Ling, Ngau Tau Kok, Sai Tso Wan and Lei Yue
Mun together were called Si Shan (四山Four
Hills). The villagers were all stonecutters of Hakka people. The Qing Government appointed someone in
each Shan (山 ‘Hill or Village’) to be the ‘Tau Yan (頭人headman)’.
They together were called the Si Shan Tau Yan (四山頭人the
Headmen of the Four Hills or Villages). They were responsible to rule the area
and to collect taxes for the government. The system ended before the
Second World War[3].
9.4.11
Nowadays,
the land has been developed into part of the Kwun Tong New Town.
Archaeological Background
Terrestrial Archaeology
9.4.12
The
desk-based study reveals no known archaeological sites or areas of
archaeological potential within the Study Area[4],
as TKO region is located in urbanized area and a previous Baseline
Archaeological Study conducted in 2008[5] reveals no archaeological potential in
Cha Kwo Ling Village.
Marine Archaeology
9.4.13
Based
on the literature review,
there are no reported wreck sites in the northern half of TKO. The closest
reported wreck sites are situated near the “dangerous goods” anchorage at the
south-western entrance to TKO.
9.4.14
A
marine geophysical survey[6] was undertaken in July 2003 for the
northern half of Junk Bay (TKO Bay) to determine sub-seabed strata, features
(anomalies), and man-made objects on or beneath the seabed within the survey
area. Based on the results of the
marine geophysical survey, four surface anomalies (2004, 3401, EW 28-59 and
Target 1) and two buried anomalies (SN62-31 & SN62-34) were identified
within, or in the vicinity of, the proposed marine works areas.
9.4.15
However, based on a previous MAI study[7] prepared for AMO, Study Area of which
covered the whole TKO Bay, it was considered that surface anomalies 2004, 3401
and EW 28-59 were located in an area which had been identified to be
extensively disturbed from numerous anchor marks. Hence, these three anomalies were
considered to be deposited recently and to have no archaeological potential.
9.4.16
In
order to verify results of the 2003 marine geophysical survey and to also
cover the extreme west coast area of TKO, an MAI in the area was conducted in
2009. The detailed MAI Report is provided in Appendix
9.2. Eight
new side sonar contacts and five seismic profiler contacts were detected. Along with 15 contacts scanned in 2003,
28 contacts have been examined by a visual diver survey of the 2009 MAI. The
results show that all the 28 contacts are modern objects such as tyres used as
protection on HK ships and construction waste. No objects of archaeological
interest were discovered under the water of the proposed Bridge Structure for TKO
Interchange (see Figures 1 and 10 of Appendix
Built
Heritage Background
9.4.17
Based
on the Desk-Based Study, no Declared Monuments or Government Historic Sites as
identified by the AMO and no pre-war historical graves, notable feng shui woods/
woodlands and ponds, historical trackways or other historical features were
found within the Study Area.
9.4.18
Nonetheless,
two previous studies which both covered the assessment area in Cha Kwo Ling—Built
Heritage Impact Assessment (BHIA) conducted for the EIA Study for Further
Development of Tsueng Kwan O – Feasibility Study (2004)[8] and Collective Memory and Oral History
Study of Cha Kwo Ling (2009)[9]— identified five items of historical
interest within the Study Area, including Cha Kwo Ling Tin Hau Temple, Four
Hills Public School, Cha Kwo Ling Rural Committee, Law Mansion and Tsang
Mansion.
9.4.19
Field
Survey has also been conducted to identify heritage resources located within
Study Area. Apart from results of Desk-Based Study, the field survey further
identified one more item, which is a Stone Column located at west coast at TKO located within the
Study Area.
9.4.20
Built
heritage resources identified within the
Table
9.1 List of Built Heritage Resources
within the
|
Region |
Buildings / Structures |
AMO Grading |
|
CKL |
Cha Kwo Ling Tin Hau Temple |
Grade 3 |
|
Four Hills Public School |
No grade |
|
|
Cha Kwo Ling Rural Committee |
No grade |
|
|
Law Mansion |
Grade 3 |
|
|
Tsang Mansion |
No grade |
|
|
TKO |
Stone Column |
No grade |
9.4.21
Each
of the six items is briefly described below:
Cha Kwo Ling Tin Hau Temple (Grade 3)
9.4.22
The
temple is a granite structure. It is located next to Cha Kwo Ling Village for
the worshipping of Tin Hau, the Goddess of Sea. The temple was first sited by
the coast of Kwun Tong Bay at the place of the present Laguna City. It was
built by the people of the Four Hills in mid 19th century and served as both
worshipping and meeting place[10]. It was rebuilt in 1891, destroyed by
typhoon in 1912, and again rebuilt in 1941 (oral history). In 1947, for the
development of Oil Tanks, the temple was moved to the present site, and
completed in 1948. It was again repaired in 1999. The temple is a two-hall type building
with three houses and a square in front. The stone inscriptions inside the
temple provide evidence on the development of the Kwun Tong region. They are
good research materials.
9.4.23
In
front of the temple are two nature huge rocks called “Child-Giving Rocks” or
“Fung Shui Rocks”. Due to the similarity between their shapes and men’s
testicles, the locals believe that the rocks can bring sons to those who pray
to them.
Four Hills Public School
9.4.24
Before
the set up of Four Hills Public School, there was a Sze Shan Free School (四山義學) in the original Cha Kwo Ling Tin Hau
Temple located in Sai Tso Wan. Due
to the demolishment of Tin Hau Temple for Shell Company’s development, the
Government had promised to rebuild the school. In 1952, with fund raised by the locals
and support from the Government (in particular efforts from Dodd, Secretary of
Chinese Affairs between 1940s and 60s was significant in this event), Four
Hills Public School was re-established in Cha Kwo Ling Village. The school was
a two storey building with six classrooms, providing primary education.
9.4.25
Since
1954, there was insufficient room for the students because of their increasing
amount of admission. As a
consequence, the school had adopted a bisectional operation. With reference to a memorandum issued by
the Director of Education in 1967, there were 208 and 221 enrolments in the
a.m. and p.m. session respectively.
Large-scale renovation was then taken place in 1974 and 1982 to enhance
the school facilities. Then, after
its closure in late
9.4.26
Besides
of Four Hills Public School, Cha Kwo Ling villagers also recalled that there
were several private study halls (私學) set up in Cha Kwo Ling during different
periods. A private school called Ming Tak School was as well set up in the
village. At present, a tablet of “明德學校” can still be seen on a two storey
building at Cha Kwo Ling Main Street.
Cha Kwo Ling Rural Committee
9.4.27
Cha
Kwo Ling Rural Committee is situated beside of Four Hills Public School. It was
a single-story building in a rectangular layout. The building was constructed
in western style, with which a stepped pediment appears on top of its front
entrance. On the pediment it writes “1956 茶果嶺鄉公所街坊值理會”, which shows its building year and
official title in Chinese. The building style was a common one adopted from
English buildings of its construction days. The building has been used as the office
of Cha Kwo Ling Rural Committee and the Kaifong Association. Its current
structural condition remains intact.
Law Mansion (Nos.
9.4.28
Law
Mansion, one of the oldest surviving residential buildings in Cha Kwo Ling, was
built in late 19th century by the Law clansmen who migrated from Huiyang,
Guangdong, and settled in this area. Granite quarrying was the main occupation
of the Laws. Law Mansion is a two-storey structure and is nearly square in
layout. It is constructed of granite and the roof is of pitched Chinese style.
The original granite walling and the horizontal security barred timber door
system are of fine quality. At the time of its construction, Law Mansion was
located near the seashore, but the original shoreline of the village was later
reclaimed to form the present Cha Kwo Ling Road. The ground floor of the house
was once used as an ancestral hall. After the Second World War, the house was
once converted into a plastics factory and a storeroom. In the 1960s, it was
sublet to new tenants.
Tsang Mansion (No 212, Cha
Kwo Ling Main Street, Cha Kwo Ling)
9.4.29
Tsang
Mansion, another old residential building in Cha Kwo Ling, was built in mid
19th century by the Tsang clan, one of the prominent clan of the Four Hills.
Same as the Laws, the Tsang family also practiced in granite quarrying
business. This explains why both houses were built of granite, which is a
relatively expensive building material at the time. The house is a two-story
granite structure with tiled roof and it is comprised by three close lying
houses. It is currently vacant and part of it has ruined. No pattern of
traditional Chinese residential building of its days can be observed. Moreover,
no elaborate building techniques and artistic decoration was applied onto
building it. Currently, structures made of modern marital are built by the
house and conceal its appearance.
Stone Column, Chiu Keng
Wan
9.4.30
For
the seafront site adjacent to TKO Chinese Permanent Cemetery, no built heritage
is identified at the hillside area next to the western shoreline of Junk Bay,
during site visiting in Western Coast Road Area.
9.4.31
A
stone column about
9.4.32
These
built heritages have been carrying significant social and religious functions with
respect to their landmark roles in the local community, and are regarded as the
witness to the history and livelihood of Cha Kwo Ling Villagers and former
residents of Tiu Keng Leng.
Level of Impact
9.5.1
According to the GCHIA
(as at April 2011) , the evaluation of the impacts on heritage resources
affected by the proposed development is classified into five levels of
significance/ level, based on type and extent of the effect:
·
Beneficial
impact: the impact is beneficial if the project will enhance the preservation
of the heritage site(s) such as improving the flooding problem of the historic
building after the sewerage project of the area;
·
Acceptable
impact: if the assessment indicates that there will be no significant effects
on the heritage site(s);
·
Acceptable
impact with mitigation measures: if there will be some adverse effects, but
these can be eliminated, reduced or offset to a large extent by specific
measures, such as conduct a follow-up Conservation Proposal or Conservation
Management Plan for the affected heritage site(s) before commencement of work
in order to avoid any inappropriate and unnecessary interventions to the
building;
·
Unacceptable
impact: if the adverse effects are considered to be too excessive and are
unable to mitigate practically;
·
Undetermined
impact: if the significant adverse effects are likely, but the extent to which
they may occur or may be mitigated cannot be determined from the study. Further detailed study will be required
for the specific effects in question.
9.5.2
The impacts were assessed for both the
construction and operation phases with the potential sources of impacts are
discussed in the following sections. A proposal with details for the mitigation
measures and monitoring of impacts on built heritage shall be submitted to AMO
for comments before commencement of work.
Construction Phase
9.5.3
Any heritage resources, located in close
proximity to the Project Site may be impacted through:
·
Direct
impact to historical buildings (e.g. demolition) and sites of terrestrial
archaeological potential (e.g. excavation)
·
Indirect
vibration impact on historical buildings due to drilling and piling activities
during construction phase that may lead to the structural damage or
interference of normal activities; and
·
Indirect
visual impact to historical buildings due to construction works e.g. excavation
works at surface.
Operation Phase
9.5.4
Impacts on sites of cultural heritage during
operational phase of the Project Site includes indirect visual impact
associated with alteration in surrounding environment of the historical
structures due to the above-ground structures of the Project.
Evaluation of Potential Impacts
Terrestrial Archaeology
9.5.5
Since
all development elements of the Project would not be on areas of archaeological
interest on land, no adverse impact is anticipated during
either the construction or operation phases of the Project.
Marine Archaeology
9.5.6
No objects of archaeological interest were identified within
the proposed marine works area of the Project. Therefore, no adverse impact is anticipated during
either the construction or operation phases of the Project.
Built Heritage
Direct Impact
9.5.7
No
direct impact on the identified historical buildings/ structures is expected
since all of them are located outside the site boundary of the Project.
Indirect Impact
9.5.8
The
proximity of identified notable buildings and structures to the proposed work
areas of the Project is summarised in Table 9.2.
Table 9.2 Proximity of Notable Built Heritages
and Structures to the Project Worksites
|
Notable buildings and structures |
Distance from Proposed Roundabout
(approx) |
|
Cha
Kwo Ling region Cha Kwo Ling Tin Hau Temple Four Hills Public School Cha Kwo Ling Rural Committee Law
Mansion Tsang
Mansion |
< > > > >100m |
|
Tseung
Kwan O region Stone
Column |
>50m |
Construction
Phase
9.5.9
Cha
Kwo Ling Tin Hau Temple would be susceptible to dust, vibration and temporary
visual impact arising from the nearby construction activities due to its close
proximity (<
9.5.10
Level of indirect impacts on other identified built heritages is
anticipated as acceptable as they are located more than
Operational Phase
9.5.11
Given
the fact that the Project comprises mainly the underground tunnel works and
modification to existing road, it is anticipated that there will be no visual
impact to built heritages within the study area, if there is any, during the
operation phase.
9.6
Mitigation
of Adverse Impacts
Terrestrial
Archaeology
9.6.1
No
mitigation measures
would be required.
Marine
Archaeology
9.6.2
No mitigation
measures would be required.
Built
Heritage
9.6.3
Apart
from the Cha Kwo Ling Tin Hau Temple, no adverse impact on other historical
buildings and structures is expected.
9.6.4
To
prevent dust and visual impacts to the Cha Kwo Ling Tin Hau Temple and its fung
shui rocks
(Child-given Rocks) during the construction phase, mitigation measure in the
form of a temporarily fenced off buffer zone (about 5 meters form the edge of Rocks
and about 15m form the edge of Rocks alter ) with
allowance for public access (minimum 1m) should be provided around the temple
and the fung shui rocks. The open yard in front of the temple should be kept as
usual for annual Tin Hau festival. Such mitigation measures should
be consulted with Cha Kwo Ling Villagers during the detailed design stage
and before construction stage. In
addition, monitoring of vibration impacts should be conducted when the construction
works are less than 100m from the temple.
It
is suggested that in the case when indirect vibration impact occurs during the construction
phase, vibration level is to be controlled within a peak particle velocity (ppv) limit of 5mm/s measured inside the
historical buildings to prevent potential damage to built heritage. Monitoring
of vibration should be carried out during construction phase. Tilting and
settlement monitoring should be applied on the Cha Kwo Ling
Tin Hau Temple as well. A proposal with details for the mitigation
measures and monitoring of impacts on built heritage shall be submitted to AMO
for comments before commencement of work.
Operational Phase
Terrestrial Archaeology
9.6.5
No mitigation measures are required.
Marine Archaeology
9.6.6
There would
be no adverse marine archaeological impact associated with the
Project during the operational phase and hence no mitigation measures would be
required.
Built
Heritage
9.6.7
There would be no adverse built heritage
impact associated with the Project during
the operational phase and hence no mitigation measures would be
required.
9.7
Residual
Environmental Impact
9.7.1
No
residual cultural heritage impact is expected.
9.8
Environmental
Monitoring and Audit Requirements
9.8.1
The
CHIA has identified that there would be indirect impact on Cha Kwo Ling Tin Hau
Temple due to their close proximity to the work site of the Project. To ensure no damage to the temple,
monitoring of vibration impact should be conducted during the construction
phase.
9.9.1
The
CHIA has assessed current condition and potential impact on cultural heritage
resources within the Study Area. As no terrestrial and marine archaeological
potential was identified, it is thus considered no impact on archaeology and
therefore no mitigation measure required. However, indirect impact on one of
the built heritage resources, Cha Kwo Ling Tin Hau Temple, located within the
Study Area was anticipated.
Mitigation measures have been suggested to protect the concerned temple
during construction phase. As long as the recommended mitigation measures are
followed, no unacceptable adverse impact on the temple would be anticipated. It is concluded that the CHIA complied
with the criteria and guidelines for evaluating and assessing the cultural
heritage impact as stated in Annexes 10 and 19 of the EIAO-TM respectively.
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