Development
of Organic Waste Treatment Facilities, Phase 2
Environmental Impact
Assessment Report
Chapter Title
Tables
Table 7.3:__ Summary of Waste Generation during Construction Phase
Table 7.4:__ Summary of Waste Generation during Operation Phase
Table 7.5:__ Summary of Waste Handling Procedures and Disposal
Routes during Construction Phase
Table 7.6:__ Summary of Waste Generation during Operation Phase
Appendices
Appendix 7.1 Previous
Land Use
This section identifies the types of waste that are likely to be generated during the construction and operation phases of the Project, and evaluates the potential environmental impacts that may result from these wastes. Mitigation measures and good site practices, including waste handling, storage and disposal are recommended with reference to the applicable waste legislation and guidelines.
The criteria and
guidelines for assessing waste management implications as outlined in Annexes 7
and 15 of the Technical Memorandum on
Environmental Impact Assessment Process (EIAO-TM), respectively had been
made reference to for conducting this EIA study.
The following legislation relates to the handling,
treatment and disposal of wastes in the
¡ Waste
Disposal Ordinance (Cap. 354)
¡ Waste
Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation (Cap. 354C)
¡ Waste
Disposal (Charges for Disposal of Construction Waste) Regulation (Cap. 354N)
¡ Public
Health and Municipal Services Ordinance (Cap. 132) - Public Cleansing and
Prevention of Nuisances Regulation (Cap. 132BK)
¡ Land
(Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Cap. 28)
The
Waste Disposal Ordinance (WDO) prohibits the unauthorised disposal of wastes.
Construction waste is defined as any substance, matter or thing that is
generated from construction work and abandoned, whether or not it has been
processed or stockpiled before being abandoned, but does not include any
sludge, screenings or matter removed in or generated from any desludging, desilting or dredging
works. Under the WDO, wastes can be disposed of only at designated waste
disposal facilities.
Under
the WDO, the Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation provides regulations for chemical
waste control, and administers the possession, storage, collection, transport
and disposal of chemical wastes. The Environmental Protection Department (EPD)
has also issued a ‘guideline’ document, the Code of Practice on the Packaging,
Labelling and Storage of Chemical Wastes (1992), which details how the
Contractor should comply with the regulations on chemical wastes.
Under
the Waste Disposal (Charges for Disposal of Construction Waste) Regulation,
enacted in January 2006, construction waste delivered to a landfill for
disposal must not contain more than 50% by weight of inert material. Construction
waste delivered to a sorting facility for disposal must contain more than 50%
by weight of inert material, and construction waste delivered to a public fill
reception facility for disposal must consist entirely of inert material.
The
Public Cleansing and Prevention of Nuisances Regulation provides
control on illegal tipping of wastes on unauthorised (unlicensed) sites.
The
inert portion of Construction and Demolition (C&D) materials (including
rocks, soil, broken concrete, building debris, etc.) may be taken to public
fill reception facilities. Public fill reception facilities (PFRFs) usually
form part of land reclamation schemes and are operated by the Civil Engineering
and Development Department (CEDD) and other scheme owners. The Land (Miscellaneous Provisions)
Ordinance requires that individuals or companies who deliver public fill to the
PFRFs to obtain Dumping Licences. The licences are issued by CEDD under
delegated authority from the Director of Lands.
Individual licences and windscreen stickers
are issued for each vehicle involved. Under the licence conditions, PFRFs will
only accept soil, sand, rubble, brick, tile, rock, boulder, concrete, asphalt,
masonry or used bentonite.
In addition, in accordance with paragraph 11 of the Development Bureau (DEVB)
Technical Circular (Works) (TC(W)) No. 6/2010, the Public
Fill Committee will advise on the acceptance criteria. The material shall, however,
be free from marine mud, household refuse, plastic, metal, industrial and
chemical wastes, animal and vegetable matter and any other materials considered
unsuitable by the PFRF supervisor.
Other
guidelines specifying how the Contractor should implement the requisite
mitigation measures and good site practices include the following:
¡ A
Guide to the Registration of Chemical Waste Producers, Environmental Protection
Department,
¡ A
Guide to the Chemical Waste Control Scheme, Environmental Protection
Department,
¡ Code
of Practice on the Packaging, Labelling and Storage of Chemical Wastes,
Environmental Protection Department,
¡ Works
Branch Technical Circular (WBTC) No. 2/93, Public Dumps
¡ WBTC
No. 2/93B, Public Filling Facilities
¡ ETWB
TC(W) No. 33/2002, Management of Construction/Demolition Materials including
Rock (which has been subsumed under Section 4.1.3, Chapter 4, of the Project
Administration Handbook for Civil Engineering Works)
¡ ETWB
TC(W) No. 19/2005, Environmental Management on Construction Sites
¡ DEVB
TC(W) No. 6/2010, Trip Ticket System for Disposal of Construction and Demolition
Materials
The criteria for assessing waste management implications are outlined in Annex 7 of the EIAO-TM. The methods for assessing potential waste management impacts during construction and operation phases of the Project follow those presented in Annex 15 of the EIAO-TM and include the following:
¡ Estimation of the types and quantities of the wastes generated;
¡ Assessment of potential impacts from the management of solid waste with respect to potential hazards, air and odour emissions, noise, wastewater discharges and public transport; and,
¡ Assessment of impacts on the capacity of waste collection, transfer and disposal facilities.
Opportunities for waste reduction have been initially assessed based upon the following:
¡ Avoidance and minimisation of waste generation throughout design, construction and operation phases;
¡ Segregation of waste materials be promoted and considered as the best management practices;
¡ Reuse and recycling on site or at other projects; and
¡ Material diversion to public fills as far as possible.
With reference to Appendix 7.1, the area of concern was mainly vegetated land from 1956 to 1990. From 1993 to end of 2010, the EPD Sha Ling Livestock Waste Composting Plant was in use at the area of concern. No change of land use has occurred after 2010. The previous and present landuse was not used for any activities under Table 2.3 of “Practice Guide for Investigation and Remediation of Contaminated Land” by EPD (i.e. petrol filling station, power plants, motor vehicle/equipment depot, repairing, service centres, etc.). According to the information obtained from EPD and FSD, there were no records on accidents of chemical spillage/leakage from EPD and no recorded on DG licences, spillage/leakage incidents of DG from FSD within in the proposed project area. Details of replies from EPD and FSD can be seen in Appendix 7.2. There is one record of a chemical waste producer being registered for the Project area. This is the service provider for the previous Sha Ling Livestock Waste Composting Plant, Waylung Waste Collection Limited. After confirmation with the company, 2 locations on site were confirmed as storage locations for diesel and lubricant oil and shown in Appendix 7.2 and Appendix 7.3. Further site inspections on 6 January 2012 and 27 June 2013 found that the diesel, lubricant oil and associated facilities are stored at appropriate covered storage facilities with protection measures such as drip tray. No visible oil stains and spillage were observed on the ground and the whole site area is paved with concrete. Therefore, assessment of land contamination is considered not necessary.
The construction activities to be carried out for
construction of the proposed Project
would generate a variety of wastes that can be divided into distinct categories
based on their composition and ultimate method of disposal. The identified
waste types include:
¡ Excavated materials;
¡ Construction and demolition (C&D) materials;
¡ Chemical waste; and,
¡ General refuse.
It is anticipated
that operation of the proposed Project would involve waste generation from the following activities:
¡ Operation of facilities;
¡ Maintenance works; and
¡ Office activities.
A variety of
wastes are expected to be generated from abovementioned activities through the
operation of the Project.
The types of wastes may be categorised as follows:
¡ Wastes generated from pre-treatment process;
¡ Chemical waste; and,
¡ General refuse.
During the construction phase, excavated materials will be generated from site formation, foundation works and the possible construction of access roads. It is estimated that approximately 25,000 m3 of materials would be excavated, of which 4,500 m3 could be reused on site.
Excavated materials should be reused on site for filling works (for example, site formation, backfilling and access road construction) as far as possible to minimise the net amount of such materials generated from the Project. With careful planning for reusing excavated materials on site, secondary environmental impacts and potential impacts on waste handling is expected to be minimal.
The quantities of excavated materials to be reused, delivered to public fill reception facility have been estimated in Table 7.1.
Table 7.1: Excavated Materials to be Generated, Reused and Delivered to Public Fill Reception Facility
|
Material
Type |
Estimated Amount of Excavated
Materials to be Generated (m3) |
|
Excavated Materials (total) |
25,000 |
|
Material Reused on Site |
4,500 |
|
Material Delivered to Public Fill Reception Facility |
20,500 |
The Project Proponent should obtain an agreement in advance with the Public Fill Committee to ensure that the public fill facility or facilities is/are able and capable of accepting the anticipated amount of excavated materials mentioned above.
With careful
planning for reuse of excavated materials on site and proper implementation of waste
management practices as described in Section
7.6.1.3 and Table 7.5, the secondary environmental impacts
and potential impacts arising
from on site
waste handling of the excavated
materials is expected to be
minimal.
C&D materials can be divided into two categories, namely inert materials and non-inert materials. Inert materials, such as rock and concrete, should be reused as much as possible. Whereas non-inert materials, including mixture of topsoil and dead vegetative material, timber, glass, steel and plastics are not suitable for backfilling. Subject to the recovery / recycling rate of non-inert materials, the rest of the materials should be disposed of at the landfills.
The following C&D materials are expected to be generated during the construction phase of the Project:
¡ Timber
from formwork and falsework;
¡ Materials
and equipment wrappings;
¡ Mixture of topsoil and dead vegetative
material; and
¡ Surplus
concrete or grouting mixes.
Approximately 4,000
m3 of C&D materials
would be generated from the Project. A more detailed account of C&D
material generation should be provided in the Environmental Management Plan
(EMP) to be prepared by the Contractor.
The quantities of
C&D materials to be reused, delivered to public fill reception
facility and disposed of at landfills
have been estimated as shown in Table 7.2.
Table 7.2: C&D Materials to be Generated, Reused, Delivered to Public Fill Reception Facility and Disposed of at Landfill
|
Material
Type |
Estimated Amount of C&D
Materials to be Generated (m3) |
|
C&D Materials |
4,000 |
|
Reused on Site |
500 |
|
Inert Materials Delivered to Public Fill Reception Facility |
2,700 |
|
Non-inert Materials Disposed of at Landfill |
800 |
The Project Proponent should obtain an agreement in advance with the Director of Environmental Protection (DEP) to ensure that the landfill facilities are able and capable of accepting the anticipated amount of non-inert materials mentioned above.
With careful
planning for reuse of C&D materials on site and proper implementation of waste
management practices as described in Section
7.6.1.3 and Table
7.5, the secondary environmental impacts and potential impacts arising from on site waste handling of the C&D materials is expected to be minimal.
During construction phase, construction plant and equipment would
require regular maintenance and servicing that would generate chemical waste
such as cleaning fluids, solvents and lubrication oil. Such chemical waste
would likely pose environmental and health and safety hazards if it is not
properly managed in accordance with the Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste)
(General) Regulation and the Code of Practice on Packaging, Labelling and
Storage of Chemical Waste. These hazards may include:
¡ Toxic effects to workers;
¡ Adverse effects on water quality from spill; and
¡ Fire hazards.
Should
there be any potential generation of chemical waste,
the Contractor must register with EPD as a chemical waste producer. These types
of waste would be accepted for disposal at the Chemical Waste Treatment Centre
(CWTC) at Tsing Yi. A detailed account of chemical
waste generation should be provided by the Contractor during preparation of the
Waste Management Plan (WMP).
Provided that the
relevant measures as described in Section
7.6.1.4 and Table
7.5 are properly implemented,
the potential environmental
impacts associated with the storage, handling and disposal of the chemical
waste would be minimal.
Throughout the
construction phase of the Project, the workforce would generate refuse
comprising food scraps, waste paper, empty containers, etc. Rapid and effective
collection of site wastes would be required to prevent waste materials being
blown around by wind, flushes into nearby streams, or causing visual impacts.
The work site may also attract pests and vermin and create odour nuisance if
the waste storage area is not well maintained and cleaned regularly. Disposal
of general refuse at sites other than approved waste transfer or disposal
facilities can also result in similar impacts. With the implementation of good
waste management practices at the site, adverse environmental impacts would not
be expected to arise from the storage, handling and transportation of general
refuse. The number of construction workers to be employed is estimated to be
about 60. Based on a generated rate of 0.65 kg per worker per day and a
recycling rate of 48% (being the rate of recycling in Hong Kong in 2011, from
Monitoring of Solid Waste in Hong Kong, Waste Statistics for 2011, by
Environmental Protection Department), the maximum daily arising and recycling
of general refuse during the construction phase would be approximately 39 kg
and 19 kg respectively.
With careful
planning for the handling of general refuse on site and proper implementation of waste management practices as
described in Section 7.6.1.5 and Table 7.5, the
secondary environmental impacts and
potential impacts arising from on site waste handling of the general refuse is expected to be minimal.
Table 7.3 provides a summary of the waste types that
are likely to be generated from construction phase of the Project, together
with the recommended disposal methods.
Table 7.3: Summary of Waste Generation during Construction Phase
|
Waste
Type |
Source of Generation |
Estimated
Total Amount to be Generated |
Amount
to be Disposed of |
|
Excavated Materials |
Site formation and foundation works |
25,000 m3 |
20,500 m3 |
|
C&D Materials |
Demolition works, building and road construction works |
4,000 m3 |
3,500 m3 |
|
Chemical Waste |
Maintenance of construction plant and equipment (cleaning fluids, solvents and lubrication oil) |
Insignificant |
Insignificant |
|
General Refuse |
Construction workforce (food scraps, waste paper, empty containers, etc) |
39 kg/day |
20 kg/day |
Although
source-separated organic wastes are collected for treatment during the Project’s
operation, a contamination rate of 5-10% could still occur in the waste stream.
In order to minimise the contamination rate and to maximise the process
efficiency, waste sorting should be carried out on site to separate
contaminants / non-organics from the feedstock before putting it through the
treatment processes. Therefore, with a daily throughput of approximately 300
tonnes the amount of wastes to be generated from the pre-treatment process is
projected to be around 23 tonnes per day (tpd).
Rapid and effective
collection of such wastes would be required to prevent waste materials being
blown around by wind, flushing into the nearby streams, or causing visual
impacts. With food waste being a major component of organic wastes, if the
reception and the storage of pre-treated material is
not well maintained and cleaned regularly, the site may be attractive to pests
and vermin, and also cause odour nuisance. Disposal of such waste at sites
other than approved waste transfer or disposal facilities can result in similar
impacts. With the implementation of good waste management practices on-site as
described in Section 7.6.2.3 and Table
7.6,
adverse environmental impacts arising from the storage, handling and
transportation of wastes generated from the pre-treatment process would be
minimal.
Small amounts of
chemical waste in the form of cleaning fluids, solvents and lubrication oil
would be generated during regular maintenance and servicing of on-site
mechanical equipment. Also around 10 to
15 tonnes of by products from the desulphurization process of the odour
treatment plant would be generated annually and would be disposed of on a
monthly basis.
Chemical waste can
pose serious environmental, health and safety hazards if not properly managed
in accordance with the Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation and
the Code of Practice on Packaging, Labelling and Storage of Chemical Wastes.
Should any chemical
waste be potentially generated, the Operator must register with EPD as a
chemical waste producer. The chemical wastes would be readily accepted for
disposal at the CWTC in Tsing Yi. These chemical
wastes should be collected periodically in drum-type containers by licensed
chemical waste collectors. With proper storage, handling and disposal of small
amounts of chemical waste in accordance with the relevant mitigation measures
recommended in Section 7.6.2.4 and Table 7.6,
adverse environmental impacts are not anticipated.
The quantity of
general refuse generated by visitors and on-site staff during daily operation
of the Project would not be substantial.
With the implementation of good waste management practices established
by a proper Waste Management Plan (WMP), potential environmental impacts
arising from the handling and disposal of the general refuse would be
negligible.
Potential
environmental impacts arising from the handling and disposal of the general
refuse would be negligible and would not cause major environmental concerns,
provided that the mitigation measures and appropriate site practices suggested
in Section 7.6.2.5 and Table 7.6
are implemented.
Table 7.4 provides a summary of the waste types that
are likely to be generated during the operation phase of the Project, together
with the recommended disposal methods.
Table 7.4: Summary of Waste Generation during Operation Phase
|
Waste
Type |
Source of Generation |
Estimated
Total Amount to be Generated |
Amount
to be Disposed of |
|
Wastes generated from pre-treatment process |
During pre-treatment sorting of organic waste feedstock |
23 tonnes/day |
23 tonnes/day |
|
Chemical Waste |
From plant, equipment, machinery maintenance, servicing and desulphurization process |
15 tonnes/year |
1.25 tonnes/month |
|
General Refuse |
Visitors and on-site staff |
Insignificant |
Insignificant |
Adverse
environmental impacts in relation to waste management are not expected, provided
that good site practices are strictly followed. Recommendation for good site
practices during the construction phase would include:
¡ Obtain
the relevant waste disposal permits from appropriate authorities, in accordance
with the Waste Disposal Ordinance (Cap. 354) and subsidiary Regulations and the
Land (Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Cap. 28);
¡ Provide
staff training for proper waste management and chemical handling procedures;
¡ Provide
sufficient waste disposal points and regular waste collection;
¡ Provide
appropriate measures to minimise windblown litter and dust during
transportation of waste by either covering trucks or by transporting wastes in
enclosed containers;
¡ Carry
out regular cleaning and maintenance programme for drainage systems, sumps and
oil interceptors;
¡ Separate
chemical wastes for special handling and disposal to licensed facilities for
treatment; and
¡ Employ
licensed waste collectors to collect waste.
Good management and
control can prevent the generation of a significant amount of waste. Waste
reduction is best achieved at the planning and design stage, as well as by
ensuring the implementation of good site practices. Recommendations to achieve
waste reduction include:
¡ Design
foundation works to minimise the amount of excavated material to be generated;
¡ Provide
training on the importance of site cleanliness and appropriate waste management
procedures, including waste reduction, reuse and recycling;
¡ Sort
demolition debris and excavated materials from demolition works to recover
reusable/recyclable portions (i.e. soil, broken concrete, metal, etc);
¡ Segregate
and store different types of waste in different containers, skips or stockpiles
to enhance reuse or recycling of materials and their proper disposal;
¡ Encourage
the collection of aluminium cans by providing separate labelled bins to enable
this waste to be segregated from other general refuse generated by the
workforce; and
¡ Plan
and stock construction materials carefully to minimise the amount of waste to be
generated and to avoid unnecessary generation of waste.
In addition to the
above measures, specific mitigation measures are recommended below for the
identified waste so as to minimise environmental impact during handling,
transportation and disposal of waste.
In order to minimise
the impact resulting from collection and transportation of C&D material for
off-site disposal, the excavated material arising from site formation and
foundation works should be reused on-site as backfilling material and for
landscaping works as far as practicable. Other mitigation requirements are
listed below:
¡ A
Waste Management Plan (WMP), which becomes part of the Environmental Management
Plan (EMP), should be prepared in accordance with ETWB TC(W) No.19/2005;
¡ A
recording system for the amount of wastes generated, recycled and disposed of
(including the disposal sites) should be adopted for easy tracking; and
¡ In
order to monitor the disposal of excavated and non-inert C&D material at
public filling facilities and landfills and to control fly-tipping, a
trip-ticket system should be adopted (refer to DEVB TC(W) No. 6/2010).
The Contractor
should prepare and implement an EMP in accordance with ETWB TC(W)
No. 19/2005 which describes the arrangements for avoidance, reuse, recovery,
recycling, storage, collection, treatment and disposal of different categories
of waste to be generated from construction activities. Such a management plan
should incorporate site specific factors, such as the designation of areas for
segregation and temporary storage of reusable and recyclable materials. The EMP
should be submitted to the Engineer for approval. The Contractor should
implement waste management practices in the EMP throughout the construction
stage of the Project. The EMP should be reviewed regularly and updated by the
Contractor, preferably on a monthly basis.
All surplus excavated and C&D materials arising from or in
connection with works should become the property of the Contractor when it is
removed unless otherwise stated. The
Contractor would be responsible for devising a system to work for on-site
sorting of excavated and C&D materials and promptly removing all sorted and
process materials arising from the construction activities to minimise
temporary stockpiling on-site. The
system should be included in the EMP identifying the source of generation,
estimated quantity, arrangement for on-site sorting, collection, temporary
storage areas and frequency of collection by recycling Contractors or frequency
of removal off-site.
Should chemical
wastes be produced at the construction site, the Contractor would be required
to register with EPD as a Chemical Waste Producer and to follow the guidelines stated
in the Code of Practice on the Packaging, Labelling and Storage of Chemical
Wastes. Good quality containers compatible with the chemical wastes should be
used, and incompatible chemicals should be stored separately. Appropriate
labels should be securely attached on each chemical waste container indicating
the corresponding chemical characteristics of the chemical waste (such as
explosive, flammable, oxidizing, irritant, toxic, harmful, or corrosive). The
Contractor should employ a licensed collector to transport and dispose of the
chemical wastes, to either the CWTC in Tsing Yi, or
any other licensed facilities, in accordance with the Waste Disposal (Chemical
Waste) (General) Regulation.
General refuse should
be stored in enclosed bins or compaction units separated from excavated and
non-inert C&D material. A licensed
waste collector should be employed by the contractor to remove general refuse
from the site, separately from C&D material. An enclosed and covered area should
preferably be provided to reduce the occurrence of 'wind
blown' light-weight material.
Table 7.5 provides a summary of the various waste types likely to be generated
during the construction phase, together with the recommended handling and
disposal methods.
Table 7.5: Summary of Waste Handling Procedures and Disposal Routes during Construction Phase
|
Waste
Type |
Estimated
Total Amount to be Generated |
Amount
to be Disposed of |
Handling Procedure |
Recommended Disposal Outlets |
|
Excavated Materials |
25,000 m3 (total) |
4,500 m3 |
Segregate and store materials in different containers, skips or stockpiles to avoid contamination and to enhance reuse of materials and proper disposal |
Reuse on site as far as practicable |
|
|
|
20,500 m3 |
Public fill reception facilities |
|
|
C&D Materials |
4,000 m3 (total) |
500 m3 |
Segregate and store materials in different containers, skips or stockpiles to avoid contamination and to enhance reuse of materials and proper disposal |
Reuse on site as far as practicable |
|
2,700 m3 |
Public fill reception facilities |
|||
|
800 m3 |
Reuse and recycle as much as possible before disposal of at landfills |
|||
|
Chemical Waste |
Insignificant |
Insignificant |
Stored on-site in suitably designed containers before being collected and disposed of by licensed collector |
Recycle by licensed facility and / or dispose of at CWTC |
|
General Refuse |
39 kg/day (total) |
19 kg/day |
Provide on-site refuse collection points |
Reuse or recycle as much as possible |
|
|
|
20 kg/day |
Deliver to NENT Landfill |
Adoption of the
following good operational practices should be recommended to minimise waste management
impacts:
¡ Obtain
the necessary waste disposal permits from the appropriate authorities, in
accordance with the Waste Disposal Ordinance (Cap. 354), Waste Disposal
(Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation and the Land (Miscellaneous Provision)
Ordinance (Cap. 28);
¡ Nomination
of an approved person to be responsible for good site practice, arrangements
for collection and effective disposal to an appropriate facility of all wastes
generated at the site;
¡ Use
of a waste haulier licensed to collect specific category of waste;
¡ A
trip-ticket system should be included as one of the contractual requirements
and implemented by the Environmental Team to monitor the disposal of solid
wastes at public filling facilities and landfills, and to control fly tipping. Reference
should be made to DEVB TC(W) No. 06/2010.
¡ Training
of site personnel in proper waste management and chemical waste handling
procedures;
¡ Separation
of chemical wastes for special handling and appropriate treatment at a licensed
facility;
¡ Routine
cleaning and maintenance programme for drainage systems, sumps and oil
interceptors;
¡ Provision
of sufficient waste disposal points and regular collection for disposal;
¡ Adoption
of appropriate measures to minimise windblown litter and dust during
transportation of waste, such as covering trucks or transporting wastes in
enclosed containers; and,
¡ Implementation
of a recording system for the amount of wastes generated, recycled and disposed
of (including the disposal sites).
Good management and
control can prevent the generation of significant amounts of waste. Adoption of
the following good operational practices should be recommended to ensure waste
reduction:
¡ Segregation
and storage of different types of waste in different containers, skips or
stockpiles to enhance reuse or recycling of materials and their proper
disposal;
¡ Encourage
collection of aluminium cans, plastic bottles and packaging material (e.g.
carton boxes) and office paper by individual collectors. Separate labelled bins should be provided to
help segregate this waste from other general refuse generated by the work
force; and
¡ Any
unused chemicals or those with remaining functional capacity should be reused
as far as practicable.
Wastes generated
from pre-treatment process should be recycled as far as possible. Wastes generated from pre-treatment process
should also be separated from any chemical waste and stored in covered skips. The recyclables should be collected by
licensed collectors, while the rest of the waste should be removed from the
site on a daily basis to minimise odour, pest and litter impacts. Open burning must be strictly prohibited.
Chemical waste
generated from machinery maintenance and servicing should be managed in
accordance with the Code of Practice on the Packaging, Labelling and storage of
Chemical Wastes under the provisions of Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste)
(General) Regulation. The chemical waste should be collected by drum-type
containers and, when transported off-site, removed by licensed chemical waste
contractors. Alternatively, some of the chemical waste may be retained on-site
for re-use by the Project in the manufacture of biogas or other products,
subject to their composition being confirmed as suitable for such application.
Plant / equipment
maintenance schedules should be planned in order to minimise the generation of
chemical waste.
Non-recyclable
chemical wastes and lubricants should be disposed of at appropriate facilities,
such as CWTC. Copies or counterfoils
from collection receipts issued by the licensed waste collector should be kept
for recording purpose.
Recyclable chemical
waste will be transported off-site for treatment by a licensed collector. The Contractor will need to register with EPD
as a chemical waste producer.
Waste generated in
site offices should be reduced through segregation and collection of
recyclables. To promote the recycling of
wastes such as used paper, aluminium cans and plastic bottles, it is
recommended that recycling bins should be clearly labelled and placed at
locations with easy access. For the
collection of recyclable materials, they should be collected by licensed
collectors.
General refuse,
other than segregated recyclable wastes, should be separated from any chemical
waste and stored in covered skips. The
general refuse should be removed from the site on a daily basis to minimise
odour, pest and litter impacts. Also,
open burning of refuse must be strictly prohibited.
Table 7.6 provides a summary of the various waste
types likely to be generated during the operation phase, together with the
recommended handling and disposal methods.
Table 7.6: Summary of Waste Generation during Operation Phase
|
Waste
Type |
Estimated
Total Amount to be Generated |
Amount
to be Disposed of |
Handling Procedure |
Recommended Disposal Outlets |
|
Wastes generated from pre-treatment process |
23 tonnes/day |
23 tonnes/day |
Provide on-site collection points |
Reuse or recycle as much as possible before delivering to NENT Landfill |
|
Chemical Waste |
15 tonnes/year |
1.25 tonnes/month |
Stored on-site in suitably designed containers before being collected and disposed of by licensed collector |
Recycle by licensed facility and/or dispose of at CWTC |
|
General Refuse |
Insignificant |
Insignificant |
Provide on-site refuse collection points |
Reuse or recycle as much as possible before delivering to NENT Landfill |
The assessment of
these impacts should cover the following: potential hazard, air and odour emission,
noise and wastewater discharge. With the implementation of mitigation measures
recommended in Sections 7.6.1 and 7.6.2, impacts from the handling, collection and
disposal of waste expected to be minimal. The issue would be addressed in other
relevant sections of this EIA report.
With reference to Clause 3.4.7 of the EIA
Study Brief, the assessment of waste management implications arising from
construction and operation of the Project shall follow the detailed technical
requirements given in Appendix E of the EIA Study Brief.
The following tasks have been conducted in
accordance with the Guidance Manual for
Use of Risk-based Remediation Goals for Contaminated Land Management and
the Guidance Note for Contaminated Land
Assessment and Remediation to prevent potential contamination problems
during the operational phase of the Project:
¡ Identify the possible
sources of contamination associated with the operation of the Project; and
¡ Formulate appropriate
operational practices, waste management strategies and precautionary measures
for the prevention of contamination problems.
Chemicals would be
used during operation phase and thus it is expected that some chemical wastes
would be generated from the Project.
Without proper management of the chemicals and chemical wastes, there is
potential for land contamination due to uncontrolled spillages, or improper
handling and disposal of these materials.
The expected types
and quantities of the materials involved in operation of the Project with
contamination potential are presented in Table 7.7.
Table 7.7: Materials to be used during Operation Phase of the Project with Land Contamination Potential
|
Material |
Expected
Annual Consumption/Production |
Estimated
Quantities to be Stored On-site |
|
Diesel Fuel |
100-200 m3 |
4-5 m3 |
|
Lubrication Oil |
10-20 m3 |
2-5 m3 |
|
Flocculation Agent |
50-60 m3 |
2-5 m3 |
Chemical wastes would
arise if chemicals are over-ordered and cannot be consumed before the expiry of
the chemicals. Only a minimum amount of waste lubrication oil is expected to be
generated during operation phase.
Precautionary
measures to prevent fuel oil spillage are as follows:
(i) Fuel Oil Containers
¡ Fuel oil should be stored in suitable containers;
¡ All fuel oil containers should be securely closed;
¡ Appropriate labels showing the name of fuel oil should be posted on the containers; and
¡ Drip trays should be provided for all containers.
(ii) Storage Area
¡ Distance between the fuel oil refuelling points and the fuel oil containers should be minimised;
¡ The storage area should be used for fuel oil storage only;
¡ No surface water drains or foul sewers should be connected to the storage area; and
¡ The storage area should be enclosed by three sides by a wall and have an impermeable floor or surface.
(iii) Fuel Oil
Spillage Response
An Oil
Spill Response Plan should be prepared by the operator to document the
appropriate response procedures for oil spillage incidents in detail. General procedures to be taken in case of
fuel oil spillage are presented below.
Training
Training
on oil spill response actions should be given to relevant staff. The training should cover the following:
¡ Tools and resources to combat oil spillage and fire, e.g. locations of oil spill handling equipment and fire fighting equipment;
¡ General methods to deal with oil spillage and fire incidents;
¡ Procedures for emergency drills in the event of oil spills and fire; and
¡ Regular drills should be carried out.
Communication
Establish communication channel with the Fire Services Department (FSD) and EPD to report any oil spillage incident so that necessary assistance from relevant department could be quickly sought.
Response Procedures
Any fuel oil spillage within the Project Site should be immediately reported to the Site Manager with necessary details including location, source, possible cause and extent of the spillage.
Site Manager should
immediately attend to the spillage and initiate any appropriate action to
confine and clean up the spillage. The
response procedures should include the following:
¡ Identify and isolate the source of spillage as soon as possible.
¡ Contain the oil spillage and avoid infiltration into soil/ groundwater and discharge to storm water channels.
¡ Remove the oil spillage.
¡ Clean up the contaminated area.
¡ If the oil spillage occurs during refuelling, the refuelling operation should immediately be stopped.
Recovered contaminated fuel oil and the associated material to remove the spilled oil should be considered as chemical waste. The handling and disposal procedures for chemical wastes are discussed in the following paragraphs.
The precautionary
measures to prevent improper handling / use of chemicals and chemical waste
spillage are presented below:
(i) Chemicals and
Chemical Wastes Handling & Storage
¡ Chemicals and
chemical wastes should only be stored in suitable containers in purpose-built
areas;
¡ The storage of
chemical wastes should comply with the requirements of the Code of Practice on
the Packaging, Labelling and Storage of Chemical Wastes;
¡ The storage areas for
chemicals and chemical wastes should have an impermeable floor or surface. The impermeable floor / surface should
possess the following properties:
- Not liable to chemically react with the materials and their containers to be stored;
- Able to withstand normal loading and physical damage caused by container handling; and
- The integrity and condition of the impermeable floor or surface should be inspected at regular intervals to ensure that it is satisfactorily maintained;
¡ For liquid chemicals
and chemical wastes storage, the storage area should be bunded
to contain at least 110% of the storage capacity of the largest containers or
20% of the total quantity of the chemicals/chemical wastes stored, whichever is
the greater;
¡ Storage containers
should be checked at regular intervals for their structural integrity and to
ensure that the caps or fill points are tightly closed; and
¡ Chemical handling
should be conducted by trained workers under supervision.
(ii) Chemicals and Chemical Wastes Spillage
Response
A Chemicals and / or
Chemical Wastes Spillage Response Plan should be prepared by the operator to
document in detail the appropriate response procedures for chemicals or
chemical wastes spillage incidents.
General procedures to be undertaken in case of chemicals / chemical
waste spillages are presented below.
Training
Training
on spill response actions should be given to relevant staff. The training should cover the following:
¡ Tools & resources to handle spillage, e.g. locations of spill handling equipment;
¡ General methods to deal with spillage; and
¡ Procedures for emergency drills in the event of spills.
Communication
Establish
communication channel with Fire Services Department (FSD) and EPD to report the
spillage incident so that necessary assistance from relevant department could
be quickly sought.
Response
Procedures
Any spillage within
the Project site should be reported to the Site Manager.
Site Manager shall
attend to the spillage and initiate any appropriate actions needed to confine
and clean up the spillage. The response
procedures should include the following:
¡ Identify and isolate
the source of spillage as soon as possible;
¡ Contain the spillage
and avoid infiltration into soil / groundwater and discharge to storm water
channels (in case the spillage occurs at locations out of the designated
storage areas);
¡ Remove the spillage;
the removal method / procedures documented in the Material Safety Data Sheet
(MSDS) of the chemicals spilled should be observed;
¡ Clean up the
contaminated area (in case the spillage occurs at locations out of the
designated storage areas); and
¡ The waste arising
from the cleanup operation should be considered as
chemical wastes.
After any spillage,
an incident report should be prepared by the Site Manager. The incident report should contain details of
the incident including the cause of the incident, the material spilled and
estimated spillage amount, and also the response actions undertaken. The incident record should be kept carefully
and able to be retrieved when necessary.
The incident report
should provide sufficient details for the evaluation of any environmental
impacts due to the spillage and assessment of the effectiveness of measures
taken.
In case any spillage
or accidents results in significant land contamination, EPD should be informed
immediately and the Project operator should be responsible for the clean up of the affected area. The response procedures described in Sections 7.6.5.1 to 7.6.5.2
above should be followed accordingly together
with the land contamination assessment and remediation guidelines stipulated in
the Guidance Manual for Use of Risk-based Remediation Goals for Contaminated
Land Management and the Guidance Note for Contaminated Land Assessment and
Remediation.
With the
implementation of mitigation measures recommended for the handling,
transportation and disposal of the identified waste arisings,
no residual impact is expected to arise during the construction and operation
stages of the proposed Project.
It would be the
Contractor’s responsibility to ensure that all wastes produced during the
construction of the Project are handled, stored and disposed of in accordance
with the recommended good waste management practices and EPD’s regulations and
requirements. A WMP which would become
part of the EMP should be prepared in accordance with ETWB TC(W)
No. 19/2005 by the Contractor.
Mitigation measures recommended in this section should form the basis of
the WMP.
Waste materials
generated from construction activities, such as excavated materials, C&D
materials and general refuse, are recommended to be audited at regular
intervals to ensure that proper storage, transportation and disposal practices
are being implemented. The Contractor
would be responsible for the implementation of mitigation measures to minimise
waste or redress problems arising from the waste materials.
Waste types to be
generated during the construction phase of the Project would likely to include
excavated materials (from site formation and foundation works), C&D
materials (from mixture of topsoil
and dead vegetative material and surplus concrete or grouting mixes), chemical waste (from maintenance of
construction plant and equipment) and general refuse (from construction
workforce). Provided that waste is
handled, transported and disposed of using approved methods and that the
recommended good site practices are strictly followed, adverse environmental
impacts would not be expected during the construction phase.
During the operation
phase of the Project, waste types to be generated would likely include wastes
generated from pre-treatment processes (from pre-treatment sorting of organic
waste feedstock), chemical wastes (from maintenance of mechanical equipment)
and general refuse (from visitors and on-site staff). Provided that waste is also handled,
transported and disposed of using approved methods and that the recommended
good site practices are strictly followed, adverse environmental impacts would
not be anticipated during the operation phase.
Potential sources of
contamination in the operation phase have been identified. It is estimated that limited amount of
chemicals or chemical wastes would be used / produced during the
operation. Good practices and response
procedures for contamination prevention have been recommended. With proper implementation of the recommended
practices and procedures, the potential for contamination due to the operation
of the Project is expected to be minimal.