TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.1.......... Project Background................................................................................................................... 1-1
1.2.......... Designated Projects under EIAO................................................................................................ 1-1
1.3.......... Purpose of the EIA Study.......................................................................................................... 1-2
1.4.......... Objectives of this EIA Study...................................................................................................... 1-2
1.5.......... Structure of the EIA Report........................................................................................................ 1-4
2.1.......... Introduction............................................................................................................................... 2-1
2.2.......... Project Objectives..................................................................................................................... 2-1
2.3.......... The Need for the Project............................................................................................................ 2-1
2.3.1....... Need for the Development......................................................................................................... 2-1
2.3.2....... Scenario without the Project....................................................................................................... 2-1
2.3.3....... Scenario with the Project............................................................................................................ 2-1
2.4.......... Project Location and Site History................................................................................................ 2-2
2.5.......... Scope of the Project.................................................................................................................. 2-2
2.6.......... Continuous Public Involvement................................................................................................... 2-4
2.7.......... Consideration of Alternative Options........................................................................................... 2-6
2.7.1....... General..................................................................................................................................... 2-6
2.7.2....... Criteria for Options Development................................................................................................ 2-6
2.7.3....... Review of Alternative Options..................................................................................................... 2-7
2.7.4....... Consideration of Alternative Site Locations................................................................................. 2-7
2.7.5....... Consideration of Supporting Facilities Locations......................................................................... 2-9
2.7.6....... Consideration of Ventilation Shafts Location............................................................................. 2-10
2.7.7....... Consideration of Alternative Emergency Outfall Options............................................................ 2-10
2.7.8....... Consideration of Alternative Treatment Level............................................................................. 2-12
2.7.9....... Consideration of Alternative Treatment Processes..................................................................... 2-13
2.7.10..... Consideration of Alternative Sludge Treatment Process............................................................. 2-14
2.7.11..... Consideration for Alternative / Phased Installation in relation to Flow Projections......................... 2-15
2.7.12..... Consideration to Minimise Emergency Discharges..................................................................... 2-15
2.8.......... Construction Methodologies..................................................................................................... 2-16
2.8.1....... Introduction............................................................................................................................. 2-16
2.8.2....... Construction Methods for Tunnels and Caverns......................................................................... 2-16
2.8.3....... Consideration of Alternative Temporary Explosive Magazine Arrangements................................. 2-17
2.8.4....... Construction Methods for THEES Connection Work................................................................... 2-18
2.8.5....... Construction of Administration, Ventilation and Ancillary Buildings............................................. 2-18
2.8.6....... Construction of Slopes and Retaining Walls.............................................................................. 2-19
2.8.7....... Decommissioning of the Existing STSTW................................................................................. 2-19
2.8.8....... Consideration of Demolition Methods....................................................................................... 2-20
2.9.......... Construction Programme.......................................................................................................... 2-21
2.10........ Concurrent Projects.................................................................................................................. 2-21
2.11........ Summary................................................................................................................................. 2-23
3.1.......... Introduction............................................................................................................................... 3-1
3.2.......... Environmental Legislations, Standards and Guidelines................................................................. 3-1
3.2.2....... Air Quality Objectives & Technical Memorandum on EIA Process................................................. 3-1
3.2.3....... Air Pollution Control (Construction Dust) Regulation.................................................................... 3-1
3.3.......... Description of Environment........................................................................................................ 3-2
3.4.......... Identification of Air Sensitive Receivers...................................................................................... 3-2
3.5.......... Identification of Pollutant Sources.............................................................................................. 3-6
3.5.1....... Construction Phase.................................................................................................................... 3-6
3.5.2....... Operation Phase........................................................................................................................ 3-7
3.6.......... Assessment Methodology.......................................................................................................... 3-8
3.6.1....... Construction Phase.................................................................................................................... 3-8
3.6.2....... Operation Phase – Odour Impact Assessment........................................................................... 3-14
3.7.......... Prediction and Evaluation of Environmental Impacts.................................................................. 3-22
3.7.1....... Construction Phase.................................................................................................................. 3-22
3.7.2....... Operation Phase...................................................................................................................... 3-28
3.8.......... Mitigation of Adverse Environmental Impacts............................................................................ 3-33
3.8.1....... Construction Phase.................................................................................................................. 3-33
3.8.2....... Operational Odour Impact......................................................................................................... 3-44
3.9.......... Evaluation of Residual Impacts................................................................................................. 3-44
3.9.1....... Construction Phase.................................................................................................................. 3-44
3.9.2....... Operation Phase...................................................................................................................... 3-44
3.10........ Environmental Monitoring and Audit.......................................................................................... 3-44
3.10.1..... Construction Phase.................................................................................................................. 3-44
3.10.2..... Operation Phase...................................................................................................................... 3-44
3.11........ Conclusion.............................................................................................................................. 3-45
3.11.1..... Construction Phase.................................................................................................................. 3-45
3.11.2..... Operation Phase...................................................................................................................... 3-45
4.1.......... Introduction............................................................................................................................... 4-1
4.2.......... Environmental Legislation, Standards and Criteria........................................................................ 4-1
4.2.1....... General..................................................................................................................................... 4-1
4.2.2....... Construction Noise – General Construction.................................................................................. 4-2
4.2.3....... Construction Noise – Ground-borne Noise................................................................................... 4-3
4.2.4....... Construction Noise – Blasting..................................................................................................... 4-3
4.2.5....... Road Traffic Noise..................................................................................................................... 4-3
4.2.6....... Operational Phase Fixed Plant Noise.......................................................................................... 4-4
4.3.......... Description of Environment........................................................................................................ 4-5
4.4.......... Noise Sensitive Receivers.......................................................................................................... 4-5
4.5.......... Identification of Pollutant Sources.............................................................................................. 4-8
4.5.1....... Construction Phase of Relocated STSTW................................................................................... 4-8
4.5.2....... Operation Phase of Relocated STSTW........................................................................................ 4-9
4.5.3....... Decommissioning and Demolition of the Existing STSTW and the Temporary Explosives Magazine 4-9
4.5.4....... Concurrent Projects.................................................................................................................. 4-10
4.6.......... Assessment Methodology........................................................................................................ 4-10
4.6.1....... Construction Phase and Decommissioning of the Existing STSTW............................................. 4-10
4.6.2....... Operation Phase...................................................................................................................... 4-14
4.7.......... Prediction and Evaluation of Environmental Impacts.................................................................. 4-14
4.7.1....... Construction Noise - Airborne Noise.......................................................................................... 4-14
4.7.2....... Construction Noise - Ground-borne Noise.................................................................................. 4-15
4.7.3....... Traffic Noise due to Relocation of the Existing Noise Barrier during Construction Phase.............. 4-16
4.7.4....... Operational Fixed Plant Noise................................................................................................... 4-16
4.8.......... Mitigation of Adverse Environmental Impacts............................................................................ 4-17
4.8.1....... Construction Noise - Airborne Noise.......................................................................................... 4-17
4.8.2....... Construction Noise – Ground-borne Noise................................................................................. 4-19
4.8.3....... Operational Fixed Plant Noise................................................................................................... 4-19
4.9.......... Evaluation of Residual Impacts................................................................................................. 4-19
4.9.1....... Construction Noise................................................................................................................... 4-19
4.9.2....... Operational Fixed Plant Noise................................................................................................... 4-21
4.10........ Environmental Monitoring and Audit.......................................................................................... 4-21
4.11........ Conclusion.............................................................................................................................. 4-22
4.11.1..... Construction Noise................................................................................................................... 4-22
4.11.2..... Operational Fixed Plant Noise................................................................................................... 4-22
5.1.......... Introduction............................................................................................................................... 5-1
5.2.......... Environmental Legislation, Standards and Criteria........................................................................ 5-1
5.2.1....... Environmental Impact Assessment Ordinance............................................................................. 5-1
5.2.2....... Water Quality Objectives............................................................................................................ 5-1
5.2.3....... Hong Kong Planning Standards and Guidelines........................................................................... 5-5
5.2.4....... Water Supplies Department Water Quality Criteria........................................................................ 5-5
5.2.5....... Cooling Water Intake Suspended Solids Criterion........................................................................ 5-5
5.2.6....... Technical Memorandum on Effluent Discharge Standard.............................................................. 5-6
5.2.7....... Practice Notes........................................................................................................................... 5-6
5.2.8....... Sediment Deposition Criterion (Applicable to Ecological Subtidal Habitats Only).......................... 5-6
5.3.......... Description of Environment........................................................................................................ 5-7
5.3.1....... Study Area................................................................................................................................ 5-7
5.3.2....... Marine Water............................................................................................................................. 5-7
5.3.3....... Inland Water............................................................................................................................. 5-11
5.4.......... Water Sensitive Receivers........................................................................................................ 5-15
5.4.1....... Introduction............................................................................................................................. 5-15
5.4.2....... Victoria Harbour Water Control Zone......................................................................................... 5-15
5.4.3....... Tolo Harbour and Channel Water Control Zone........................................................................... 5-16
5.5.......... Identification of Potential Impacts............................................................................................. 5-17
5.5.1....... Construction Impacts............................................................................................................... 5-17
5.5.2....... Operational Impacts................................................................................................................. 5-20
5.5.3....... Wastewater from Sludge Treatment........................................................................................... 5-22
5.5.4....... Non-point Source Storm Pollution............................................................................................. 5-23
5.6.......... Assessment Methodology........................................................................................................ 5-23
5.6.1....... Land-based Construction Works............................................................................................... 5-23
5.6.2....... Operational Effluent Discharges............................................................................................... 5-23
5.7.......... Land-based Construction.......................................................................................................... 5-45
5.7.1....... Prediction and Evaluation of Potential Impacts.......................................................................... 5-45
5.7.2....... Mitigation of Adverse Impacts.................................................................................................. 5-47
5.7.3....... Environmental Monitoring and Audit.......................................................................................... 5-51
5.7.4....... Residual Impacts..................................................................................................................... 5-52
5.8.......... Operational Effluent Discharges to Victoria Harbour – Normal THEES Operation......................... 5-52
5.8.1....... Prediction and Evaluation of Potential Impacts.......................................................................... 5-52
5.8.2....... Mitigation of Adverse Impacts.................................................................................................. 5-60
5.8.3....... Environmental Monitoring and Audit.......................................................................................... 5-61
5.8.4....... Residual Impacts..................................................................................................................... 5-61
5.9.......... Operational Effluent Discharges to Tolo Harbour – Normal Plant / THEES Operation................... 5-61
5.9.1....... Prediction and Evaluation of Potential Impacts.......................................................................... 5-61
5.9.2....... Mitigation of Adverse Impacts.................................................................................................. 5-64
5.9.3....... Environmental Monitoring and Audit.......................................................................................... 5-64
5.9.4....... Residual Impacts..................................................................................................................... 5-64
5.10........ THEES Maintenance Discharge from TPSTW and CSTW to Tolo Harbour.................................... 5-65
5.10.1..... Prediction and Evaluation of Potential Impacts.......................................................................... 5-65
5.10.2..... Mitigation of Adverse Impacts.................................................................................................. 5-71
5.10.3..... Environmental Monitoring and Audit.......................................................................................... 5-71
5.10.4..... Residual Impacts..................................................................................................................... 5-72
5.11........ Emergency Discharge from STSTW to Tolo Harbour.................................................................. 5-72
5.11.1..... Evaluation and Prediction of Potential Impacts.......................................................................... 5-72
5.11.2..... Mitigation of Adverse Impacts.................................................................................................. 5-74
5.11.3..... Environmental Monitoring and Audit.......................................................................................... 5-75
5.11.4..... Residual Impacts..................................................................................................................... 5-75
5.12........ Operational Impact - Wastewater from Sludge Treatment............................................................ 5-75
5.12.1..... Evaluation and Prediction of Potential Impacts.......................................................................... 5-75
5.12.2..... Mitigation of Adverse Impacts.................................................................................................. 5-76
5.12.3..... Environmental Monitoring and Audit.......................................................................................... 5-76
5.12.4..... Residual Impacts..................................................................................................................... 5-76
5.13........ Operational Impact - Non-point Source Storm Pollution.............................................................. 5-76
5.13.1..... Evaluation and Prediction of Potential Impacts.......................................................................... 5-76
5.13.2..... Mitigation of Adverse Impacts.................................................................................................. 5-76
5.13.3..... Environmental Monitoring and Audit.......................................................................................... 5-77
5.13.4..... Residual Impacts..................................................................................................................... 5-77
5.14........ Conclusion.............................................................................................................................. 5-77
5.14.1..... Construction Phase.................................................................................................................. 5-77
5.14.2..... Operational Phase.................................................................................................................... 5-78
6.1.......... Introduction............................................................................................................................... 6-1
6.2.......... Environmental Legislation, Standards and Criteria........................................................................ 6-1
6.3.......... Assessment Methodology.......................................................................................................... 6-1
6.4.......... Description of the Project Area................................................................................................... 6-2
6.5.......... Identification of Potential Land Contamination Concern................................................................ 6-3
6.5.2....... Existing STSTW......................................................................................................................... 6-3
6.5.3....... Existing Vehicle Detention Centre (VDC) and its Surrounding Areas.............................................. 6-3
6.5.4....... Nui Po Shan North..................................................................................................................... 6-4
6.6.......... Prediction and Evaluation of Environmental Impacts.................................................................. 6-10
6.6.2....... Future Land Uses..................................................................................................................... 6-11
6.6.3....... Possible Remediation Measures............................................................................................... 6-11
6.7.......... Mitigation of Adverse Environmental Impacts............................................................................ 6-12
6.7.1....... Recommended Further Works................................................................................................... 6-12
6.7.2....... Mitigation Measures for Remediation Works.............................................................................. 6-12
6.8.......... Evaluation of Residual Impacts................................................................................................. 6-13
6.9.......... Conclusion.............................................................................................................................. 6-13
7.1.......... Introduction............................................................................................................................... 7-1
7.1.1....... Background............................................................................................................................... 7-1
7.2.......... Legislative Requirements and Evaluation Criteria......................................................................... 7-2
7.2.2....... EIAO Technical Memorandum (EIAO-TM)..................................................................................... 7-2
7.2.3....... Hong Kong Government Risk Guidelines (HKRG), EIAO-TM Annex 4............................................ 7-2
7.3.......... Study Objectives and Methodology............................................................................................ 7-3
7.4.......... Facility Details........................................................................................................................... 7-5
7.4.1....... Project Overview........................................................................................................................ 7-5
7.4.2....... Statutory / Licensing Requirements............................................................................................. 7-6
7.4.3....... Temporary Storage Magazine Details.......................................................................................... 7-7
7.4.4....... Transport Route Details.............................................................................................................. 7-7
7.4.5....... Use of Explosives Details.......................................................................................................... 7-9
7.4.6....... Base Case and Worst Case for Quantitative Risk Assessment..................................................... 7-9
7.5.......... Population Data....................................................................................................................... 7-12
7.6.......... Hazard Identification................................................................................................................. 7-12
7.6.1....... General.................................................................................................................................... 7-12
7.6.2....... Hazards of Explosives............................................................................................................. 7-12
7.6.3....... Review of Incidents.................................................................................................................. 7-13
7.6.4....... Scenarios for Hazard Assessment............................................................................................ 7-13
7.7.......... Frequency Analysis.................................................................................................................. 7-13
7.7.1....... Introduction............................................................................................................................. 7-13
7.7.2....... Frequency Analysis for Storage of Explosives.......................................................................... 7-14
7.7.3....... Frequency Analysis for Transport of Explosives........................................................................ 7-14
7.7.4....... Frequency Analysis for Use of Explosives................................................................................ 7-14
7.8.......... Consequence analysis for Storage and Transport of Explosives................................................ 7-15
7.9.......... Consequence analysis for Use of Explosives............................................................................ 7-15
7.10........ Risk Summation....................................................................................................................... 7-16
7.10.1..... Overview................................................................................................................................. 7-16
7.10.2..... Individual Risk Results............................................................................................................. 7-16
7.10.3..... Societal Risk Results............................................................................................................... 7-19
7.10.4..... ALARP Assessment................................................................................................................. 7-22
7.11........ Hazard Assessment for High Pressure Underground Town Gas Transmission Pipeline................. 7-24
7.11.1..... Introduction............................................................................................................................. 7-24
7.11.2..... The Gas Facilities..................................................................................................................... 7-26
7.11.3..... Surrounding Population............................................................................................................ 7-26
7.11.4..... Time Modes............................................................................................................................. 7-27
7.11.5..... Meteorological Conditions........................................................................................................ 7-27
7.11.6..... Hazard Identification................................................................................................................. 7-27
7.11.7..... Frequency Analysis.................................................................................................................. 7-27
7.11.8..... Consequence Analysis............................................................................................................. 7-28
7.11.9..... Risk Evaluation........................................................................................................................ 7-28
7.11.10... Conclusions and Recommendations......................................................................................... 7-33
7.12........ Cumulative Risk Assessment.................................................................................................... 7-34
7.13........ Conclusions............................................................................................................................. 7-36
7.14........ Recommendations................................................................................................................... 7-36
7.14.1..... Recommendations for Meeting the ALARP Requirements........................................................... 7-36
7.14.2..... Recommendations for Explosives Storage in Magazine............................................................. 7-36
7.14.3..... Recommendations for Explosives Transport............................................................................. 7-37
7.14.4..... Recommendations for Explosives Use...................................................................................... 7-37
7.15........ Reference................................................................................................................................ 7-38
8.1.......... Introduction............................................................................................................................... 8-1
8.2.......... Environmental Legislation, Standards and Criteria........................................................................ 8-1
8.3.......... Assessment Methodology.......................................................................................................... 8-3
8.3.1....... Assessment Area....................................................................................................................... 8-3
8.3.2....... Literature Review........................................................................................................................ 8-4
8.3.3....... Ecological Survey Methodology................................................................................................. 8-5
8.3.4....... Assessment Approach............................................................................................................... 8-9
8.4.......... Description of the Environment................................................................................................. 8-10
8.4.1....... Sites of Conservation Importance............................................................................................. 8-10
8.4.2....... Literature Review...................................................................................................................... 8-11
8.5.......... Survey Findings....................................................................................................................... 8-17
8.5.1....... Habitat and Vegetation............................................................................................................. 8-17
8.5.2....... Terrestrial Fauna....................................................................................................................... 8-19
8.5.3....... Marine Ecological Resources.................................................................................................... 8-24
8.6.......... Ecological Value...................................................................................................................... 8-26
8.7.......... Impact Identification and Evaluation.......................................................................................... 8-36
8.7.1....... Construction Phase.................................................................................................................. 8-36
8.7.2....... Operational Phase.................................................................................................................... 8-43
8.7.3....... Evaluation of Ecological Impact............................................................................................... 8-46
8.8.......... Mitigation of Adverse Ecological Impacts................................................................................. 8-53
8.8.2....... Avoidance............................................................................................................................... 8-53
8.8.3....... Minimization............................................................................................................................. 8-54
8.8.4....... Compensation......................................................................................................................... 8-57
8.9.......... Evaluation of Residual Ecological Impacts................................................................................ 8-58
8.10........ Environmental Monitoring and Audit.......................................................................................... 8-59
8.11........ Environmental Benefits............................................................................................................. 8-60
8.12........ Conclusion.............................................................................................................................. 8-61
8.13........ References.............................................................................................................................. 8-62
9.1.......... Introduction............................................................................................................................... 9-1
9.2.......... Environmental Legislation, Standards and Criteria........................................................................ 9-1
9.3.......... Assessment Methodology.......................................................................................................... 9-1
9.3.1....... Assessment Area....................................................................................................................... 9-1
9.3.2....... Assessment Approach and Methodology.................................................................................... 9-1
9.4.......... Description of Baseline Condition............................................................................................... 9-2
9.4.2....... Sites of Fisheries Importance..................................................................................................... 9-2
9.4.3....... Capture Fisheries....................................................................................................................... 9-3
9.4.4....... Culture Fisheries........................................................................................................................ 9-5
9.5.......... Identification, Prediction and Evaluation of Environmental Impacts............................................... 9-6
9.5.1....... Construction Phase.................................................................................................................... 9-6
9.5.2....... Operation Phase........................................................................................................................ 9-8
9.6.......... Mitigation of Adverse Environmental Impacts............................................................................ 9-13
9.7.......... Evaluation of Residual Impacts................................................................................................. 9-14
9.8.......... Environmental Monitoring and Audit (EM&A)............................................................................. 9-14
9.9.......... Environmental Benefits............................................................................................................. 9-15
9.10........ Conclusion.............................................................................................................................. 9-15
9.11........ References.............................................................................................................................. 9-16
10.1........ Introduction............................................................................................................................. 10-1
10.2........ Environmental Legislation, Standards and Criteria...................................................................... 10-1
10.3........ Assessment Methodology........................................................................................................ 10-2
10.3.1..... Landscape Impact Assessment Methodology............................................................................ 10-2
10.3.2..... Visual Impact Assessment Methodology................................................................................... 10-4
10.4........ Review of Planning and Development Control Framework.......................................................... 10-6
10.5........ Baseline Study......................................................................................................................... 10-7
10.5.1..... Landscape Resources.............................................................................................................. 10-7
10.5.2..... Landscape Character Areas (LCAs)......................................................................................... 10-10
10.5.3..... Broad Brush Tree Survey........................................................................................................ 10-13
10.5.4..... Visual Envelope..................................................................................................................... 10-13
10.5.5..... Visually Sensitive Receivers (VSRs)........................................................................................ 10-13
10.6........ Landscape Impact Assessment............................................................................................... 10-18
10.6.1..... Sources of Landscape Impacts............................................................................................... 10-18
10.6.2..... Magnitude of Landscape Impacts........................................................................................... 10-18
10.6.3..... Significance of Unmitigated Landscape Impacts...................................................................... 10-23
10.7........ Visual Impact Assessment...................................................................................................... 10-23
10.7.1..... Sources of Visual Impacts...................................................................................................... 10-23
10.7.2..... Magnitude of Visual Impacts................................................................................................... 10-24
10.7.3..... Significance of Unmitigated Visual Impacts............................................................................. 10-28
10.7.4..... Recommended Photomontage Viewpoints.............................................................................. 10-28
10.8........ Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures.............................................................................. 10-28
10.9........ Residual Impact..................................................................................................................... 10-31
10.9.1..... Significance of Residual Landscape Impacts........................................................................... 10-31
10.9.2..... Significance of Residual Visual Impacts.................................................................................. 10-38
10.10...... Environmental Monitoring and Audit........................................................................................ 10-46
10.11...... Conclusion............................................................................................................................. 10-46
11.1........ Introduction............................................................................................................................. 11-1
11.2........ Environmental Legislation, Standards and Criteria...................................................................... 11-1
11.2.1..... General.................................................................................................................................... 11-1
11.2.2..... Environmental Impact Assessment Ordinance EIAO (Cap.499) and Technical Memorandum on Environmental Impact Assessment Process (EIAO-TM).............................................................. 11-1
11.2.3..... Guidance Note on Assessment of Impact on Sites of Cultural Heritage in Environmental Impact Assessment Studies................................................................................................................ 11-1
11.2.4..... Antiquities and Monuments Ordinance (A&MO) (Cap.53)............................................................ 11-1
11.2.5..... Hong Kong Planning Standards and Guidelines (HKPSG).......................................................... 11-2
11.2.6..... Guidelines for Cultural Heritage Impact Assessment (GCHIA)...................................................... 11-2
11.3........ Assessment Methodology........................................................................................................ 11-2
11.3.1..... General.................................................................................................................................... 11-2
11.3.2..... Archaeology............................................................................................................................ 11-2
11.3.3..... Built Heritage........................................................................................................................... 11-3
11.4........ Background of Study Area....................................................................................................... 11-4
11.4.1..... Physical Geographical Background........................................................................................... 11-4
11.4.2..... Historical Background.............................................................................................................. 11-5
11.4.3..... Terrestrial Archaeological Resources......................................................................................... 11-5
11.4.4..... Marine Archaeological Resources............................................................................................. 11-5
11.4.5..... Built Heritage Resources.......................................................................................................... 11-5
11.5........ Impact Assessments and Mitigation of Adverse Impacts............................................................ 11-6
11.5.2..... Construction Phase.................................................................................................................. 11-6
11.5.3..... Operation Phase...................................................................................................................... 11-6
11.6........ Environmental Monitoring and Audit.......................................................................................... 11-6
11.6.1..... Construction Phase.................................................................................................................. 11-6
11.6.2..... Operation Phase...................................................................................................................... 11-6
11.7........ Conclusion.............................................................................................................................. 11-6
12.1........ Introduction............................................................................................................................. 12-1
12.2........ Environmental Legislation, Standards and Criteria...................................................................... 12-1
12.2.2..... Waste Disposal Ordinance (Cap. 354)....................................................................................... 12-1
12.2.3..... Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation (Cap. 354C)........................................... 12-1
12.2.4..... Waste Disposal (Charges for Disposal of Construction Waste) Regulation (Cap. 354N)............... 12-1
12.2.5..... Land (Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Cap. 28)................................................................ 12-2
12.2.6..... Public Health and Municipal Services Ordinance (Cap. 132)........................................................ 12-2
12.2.7..... Construction and Demolition (C&D) Material Management.......................................................... 12-2
12.2.8..... Other Relevant Guidelines......................................................................................................... 12-2
12.3........ Assessment Methodology........................................................................................................ 12-3
12.4........ Identification of Potential Waste Sources.................................................................................. 12-3
12.5........ Prediction & Evaluation of Environmental Impacts..................................................................... 12-4
12.5.1..... Construction Phase and Demolition of the Existing STSTW and Temporary Explosives Magazine 12-4
12.5.2..... Operation Phase...................................................................................................................... 12-9
12.6........ Mitigation of Adverse Environmental Impacts.......................................................................... 12-10
12.6.1..... Waste Management Hierarchy................................................................................................. 12-10
12.6.2..... Good Site Practices............................................................................................................... 12-11
12.6.3..... Waste Reduction Measures..................................................................................................... 12-11
12.6.4..... Storage, Collection and Transportation of Waste..................................................................... 12-12
12.6.5..... Construction and Demolition Material...................................................................................... 12-14
12.6.6..... Sludge................................................................................................................................... 12-14
12.6.7..... Chemical Waste..................................................................................................................... 12-15
12.6.8..... General Refuse...................................................................................................................... 12-15
12.7........ Evaluation of Residual Impacts............................................................................................... 12-18
12.8........ Environmental Monitoring and Audit........................................................................................ 12-18
12.9........ Conclusion............................................................................................................................. 12-18
13.1........ Introduction............................................................................................................................. 13-1
13.2........ Literature Review for Environmental Legislation, Standards and Guidelines................................. 13-1
13.2.1..... United Kingdom (UK) and European Union (EU) Guidance.......................................................... 13-1
13.2.2..... USEPA Guidance..................................................................................................................... 13-3
13.2.3..... Approach Determination........................................................................................................... 13-3
13.3........ Development of Conceptual Model........................................................................................... 13-4
13.4........ Hazard Identification................................................................................................................. 13-4
13.4.1..... General.................................................................................................................................... 13-4
13.4.2..... Sewage Treatment Process and Potential TAPs......................................................................... 13-4
13.4.3..... Literature Review for Chemicals of Potential Concern (COPC)..................................................... 13-5
13.4.4..... Literature Review for Toxicity Values......................................................................................... 13-7
13.4.5..... TAP Sampling and Laboratory Analysis................................................................................... 13-12
13.4.6..... Screening of TAPs for Non-carcinogenic Effect....................................................................... 13-13
13.4.7..... Screening of TAPs for Carcinogenic Effect............................................................................. 13-16
13.5........ Exposure Assessment............................................................................................................ 13-17
13.5.1..... Identification of HRs............................................................................................................... 13-17
13.5.2..... Emission Inventory................................................................................................................. 13-19
13.5.3..... Dispersion Model................................................................................................................... 13-22
13.5.4..... Receptor Concentration Levels................................................................................................ 13-23
13.6........ Exposure Response Relationship............................................................................................ 13-23
13.6.1..... General.................................................................................................................................. 13-23
13.6.2..... Exposure Scenarios............................................................................................................... 13-24
13.7........ Risk Characterization.............................................................................................................. 13-24
13.7.2..... Background Concentration of Criteria Pollutants...................................................................... 13-24
13.7.3..... Risk Due to Chronic Exposure to Criteria Pollutants................................................................. 13-25
13.7.4..... Risk Due to Acute Exposure to Criteria Pollutants.................................................................... 13-26
13.7.5..... Background Contribution of other TAPs.................................................................................. 13-26
13.7.6..... Risk Due to Chronic Exposure to other TAPs........................................................................... 13-27
13.7.7..... Risk Due to Acute Exposure to other TAPs............................................................................. 13-28
13.7.8..... Calculation of Carcinogenic Health Risk................................................................................... 13-28
13.8........ Reuse of Effluent Water......................................................................................................... 13-30
13.9........ Radon................................................................................................................................... 13-31
13.10...... Uncertainty Analysis............................................................................................................... 13-32
13.10.2... Hazard Identification............................................................................................................... 13-32
13.10.3... Exposure Assessment............................................................................................................ 13-32
13.11...... Risk Control and Management................................................................................................ 13-33
13.12...... Conclusion............................................................................................................................. 13-34
13.13...... References............................................................................................................................ 13-35
13.13.1... Literature for STW-related TAPs.............................................................................................. 13-35
13.13.2... Reference for Emission Inventory............................................................................................ 13-36
13.13.3... Reference for Methodology.................................................................................................... 13-37
13.13.4... Health Risk Assessment Guidance.......................................................................................... 13-38
13.13.5... Radon Assessment................................................................................................................ 13-40
14.1........ Introduction............................................................................................................................. 14-1
14.2........ Air Quality Impact..................................................................................................................... 14-1
14.2.1..... Construction Phase.................................................................................................................. 14-1
14.2.2..... Operation Phase...................................................................................................................... 14-1
14.3........ Noise Impact........................................................................................................................... 14-1
14.3.1..... Construction Phase.................................................................................................................. 14-1
14.3.2..... Operation Phase...................................................................................................................... 14-2
14.4........ Water Quality Impact................................................................................................................ 14-2
14.4.1..... Land-based Construction.......................................................................................................... 14-2
14.4.2..... Effluent Discharge under Normal THEES Operation, After Commissioning of this Project............ 14-2
14.4.3..... THEES Maintenance Discharge from CSTW and TPSTW to Tolo Harbour.................................... 14-2
14.4.4..... Emergency Discharge from CSTW to Tolo Harbour.................................................................... 14-3
14.5........ Land Contamination................................................................................................................. 14-3
14.6........ Hazard to Life.......................................................................................................................... 14-3
14.7........ Ecological Impact (Terrestrial and Marine).................................................................................. 14-4
14.7.1..... Terrestrial Ecology................................................................................................................... 14-4
14.7.2..... Marine Ecology........................................................................................................................ 14-4
14.8........ Fisheries Impact....................................................................................................................... 14-5
14.9........ Landscape and Visual Impact................................................................................................... 14-6
14.9.1..... Mitigation Measures................................................................................................................. 14-6
14.9.2..... Baseline Review....................................................................................................................... 14-7
14.9.3..... Audit Requirements.................................................................................................................. 14-7
14.10...... Cultural Heritage Impact............................................................................................................ 14-7
14.11...... Waste Management Implications............................................................................................... 14-7
14.12...... Health Impact........................................................................................................................... 14-8
15.1........ Impact Summary...................................................................................................................... 15-1
15.2........ Benefits of the Project............................................................................................................. 15-1
15.3........ Air Quality Impact..................................................................................................................... 15-2
15.4........ Noise Impact........................................................................................................................... 15-2
15.5........ Water Quality Impact................................................................................................................ 15-3
15.6........ Land Contamination................................................................................................................. 15-5
15.7........ Hazard to Life.......................................................................................................................... 15-5
15.8........ Ecological Impact.................................................................................................................... 15-6
15.9........ Fisheries Impact....................................................................................................................... 15-7
15.10...... Landscape and Visual Impact................................................................................................... 15-8
15.11...... Cultural Heritage Impact............................................................................................................ 15-9
15.12...... Waste Management Implications............................................................................................... 15-9
15.13...... Health Impact........................................................................................................................... 15-9
15.14...... Environmental Outcomes........................................................................................................ 15-10
15.15...... Overall Conclusion................................................................................................................. 15-16
16........... IMPLEMENTATION
SCHEDULE OF RECOMMENDED MITIGATION MEASURES...................... 16-1
16.1........ Implementation Schedule of Recommended Mitigation Measures............................................... 16-1
LIST OF TABLES
|
Table 2.1 |
Design Treatment Capacity and Effluent Standards |
|
Table 2.2a |
Summary of Public Consultation/Engagement Activities |
|
Table 2.2b |
Summary of Public Consultation/Engagement Activities |
|
Table 2.3 |
Evaluation Criteria and Associated Key Issues and Constraints |
|
Table 2.4 |
Comparison on the Five Alternatives Sites |
|
Table 2.5 |
Overall Comparison between Compact-type Technologies and CAS |
|
Table 2.6 |
Existing and Planned Concurrent Projects |
|
Table 3.1 |
Hong Kong Air Quality Objectives |
|
Table 3.2 |
Average Concentrations of Pollutant in the Recent Five Years (Year 2010 – 2014) at Sha Tin EPD Air Quality Monitoring Station |
|
Table 3.3 |
Representative Air Sensitive Receivers affected by Construction of Relocated STSTW and Demolition of Existing STSTW |
|
Table 3.4 |
Representative Air Sensitive Receivers in the vicinity of Relocated STSTW for Operational Odour Impact Assessment |
|
Table 3.5 |
Rock Crushing Operation with Dust Control Measures |
|
Table 3.6 |
Emission Factor for Dust Emitting Construction Activity |
|
Table 3.7 |
Particle Size Distribution of Various Processes |
|
Table 3.8 |
Summary of Measured Odour Emission Rate in Existing STSTW |
|
Table 3.9 |
Odour Emission Rates for the Relocated STSTW |
|
Table 3.10 |
Summary of Required Odour Removal Efficiency for Deodorization System |
|
Table 3.11 |
Design Parameter of the Ventilation Shaft |
|
Table 3.12 |
Conversion Factors to 5-second Mean Concentration for Point Source |
|
Table 3.13 |
Predicted Cumulative Air Pollutant Concentrations at Representative Air Sensitive Receivers (Construction of Relocated STSTW) (Unmitigated Scenario) |
|
Table 3.14 |
Predicted Cumulative Air Pollutant Concentrations at Representative Air Sensitive Receivers (Demolition of Existing STSTW) (Unmitigated Scenario) |
|
Table 3.15 |
Predicted Operational Odour Impact on Representative Air Sensitive Receivers (Interim Stage) |
|
Table 3.16 |
Predicted Operational Odour Impact on Representative Air Sensitive Receivers (Ultimate Stage) |
|
Table 3.17 |
Predicted Cumulative Air Pollutant Concentrations at Representative Air Sensitive Receivers (Construction of Relocated STSTW) (Tier 1, Mitigated Scenario) |
|
Table 3.18 |
Predicted Cumulative Air Pollutant Concentrations at Representative Air Sensitive Receivers (Demolition of Existing STSTW) (Tier 1, Mitigated Scenario) |
|
Table 3.19 |
Predicted Cumulative Air Pollutant Concentrations at Representative Air Sensitive Receivers (Construction of Relocated STSTW) (Tier 2a, Mitigated Scenario) |
|
Table 3.20 |
Predicted Cumulative Air Pollutant Concentrations at Representative Air Sensitive Receivers (Construction of Relocated STSTW) (Tier 2b, Mitigated Scenario) |
|
Table 3.21 |
Predicted Cumulative Air Pollutant Concentrations at Representative Air Sensitive Receivers (Demolition of Existing STSTW) (Tier 2, Mitigated Scenario) |
|
Table 4.1 |
Area Sensitivity Ratings (ASRs) |
|
Table 4.2 |
Basic Noise Levels (BNLs) |
|
Table 4.3 |
Ground-borne Noise Criteria (ANL, Leq, 5min dB(A)) |
|
Table 4.4 |
Acceptable Noise Level for Fixed Plant Noise |
|
Table 4.5 |
Background Noise Measurement Results |
|
Table 4.6 |
Representative Noise Sensitive Receivers affected by Relocated STSTW to Cavern during Construction and Operation Phases |
|
Table 4.7 |
Acceptable Noise Levels of the Representative Noise Sensitive Receivers |
|
Table 4.8 |
Fixed Plant Noise Criteria of Representative Noise Sensitive Receivers |
|
Table 4.9 |
Representative Noise Sensitive Receivers for Assessment of Ground-borne Noise Impacts Due to Construction Works |
|
Table 4.10 |
Representative Noise Sensitive Receivers affected by Decommissioning/Demolition of the Existing STSTW |
|
Table 4.11 |
Summary of Reference Vibration Level of PMEs |
|
Table 4.12 |
Wave Propagation Properties of Soil |
|
Table 4.13 |
Loss factor for Coupling into Building Foundation |
|
Table 4.14 |
Unmitigated Construction Noise Levels due to the Project at Representative NSRs During Normal Daytime Working Hours |
|
Table 4.15 |
Predicted Construction Ground-borne Noise Impact Associated with the PME Use at Open Works Areas |
|
Table 4.16 |
Maximum Sound Power Levels for Fixed Plant Noise Sources |
|
Table 4.17 |
Predicted Fixed Plant Noise Levels at Representative Noise Sensitive Receivers |
|
Table 4.18 |
Mitigated Construction Noise Levels due to the Project at Representative NSRs During Normal Daytime Working Hours (Using Quiet PME) |
|
Table 4.19 |
Mitigated Construction Noise Levels due to the Project at Representative NSRs During Normal Daytime Working Hours (with further Mitigation Measures) |
|
Table 4.20 |
Evaluation of Residual Noise Impacts during Construction Phase |
|
Table 5.1 |
Summary of Key Water Quality Objectives for Tolo Harbour and Channel WCZ |
|
Table 5.2 |
Summary of Key Water Quality Objectives for Victoria Harbour (Phases One, Two and Three) WCZ |
|
Table 5.3 |
WSD’s Target Seawater Quality Objectives at Flushing Water Intakes |
|
Table 5.4 |
Baseline Water Quality Condition for Victoria Harbour WCZ in 2014 |
|
Table 5.5 |
Baseline Water Quality Condition for Tolo Harbour and Channel WCZ in 2014 |
|
Table 5.6 |
Baseline Water Quality Condition for Shing Mun River and its Tributary in 2014 |
|
Table 5.7 |
Baseline Water Quality Condition for Major Inland Water Bodies in 2015 (Dry Season) |
|
Table 5.8 |
Baseline Water Quality Condition for Major Inland Water Bodies in 2015 (Wet Season) |
|
Table 5.9 |
Design Standards of the Existing STSTW, Proposed CSTW and Existing TPSTW |
|
Table 5.10 |
Projects Incorporated in Modelling |
|
Table 5.11 |
Pollution Loading from Stonecutters Island Sewage Treatment Works under HATS Stage 2A |
|
Table 5.12 |
Dry Weather Diurnal Flow Pattern of STSTW |
|
Table 5.13 |
Projected Dry Weather Diurnal Flow Pattern of TPSTW |
|
Table 5.14 |
Summary of Water Quality Modelling Scenarios |
|
Table 5.15 |
Monthly Flow Rates of the Co-used and Not Co-used Options |
|
Table 5.16 |
Monthly Flow Rates of the Proposed IP Scheme Under Co-used Option for Model Input |
|
Table 5.17 |
Annual Volumes of Secondarily Treated and Disinfected Effluent Overflow to Tolo Harbour under “Without Project” Scenario |
|
Table 5.18 |
Annual Volume of Secondarily Treated and Disinfected Effluent Overflow to Tolo Harbour under “With Project” Scenario |
|
Table 5.19 |
Predicted Water Quality at Selected WSD Flushing Water Intakes |
|
Table 5.20 |
Predicted Water Quality at Kai Tak DCS Cooling Water Intake |
|
Table 5.21 |
Predicted Water Quality at KTTS / Potential Water Sports Area |
|
Table 6.1 |
Summary of Hotspots within STSTW |
|
Table 7.1 |
Drill and Blast – Explosives Requirements (Summary) |
|
Table 7.2 |
Drill and Blast – Typical Project Profiles |
|
Table 7.3 |
Drill and Blast – Initiating Systems |
|
Table 7.4 |
Summary of Explosives Deliveries and Transport Quantities |
|
Table 7.5 |
Scenarios Considered in the QRA Study |
|
Table 7.6 |
Overall Frequency for Failure Scenarios Leading to Higher than Expected Vibration (Scenario U01 in Table 7.5) |
|
Table 7.7 |
Frequency of Accidental Explosion due to Detonation of Full Load of Explosives during Delivery to Blast Site (Scenarios U02 to U04 in Table 7.5) |
|
Table 7.8 |
Potential Loss of Life for Base Case |
|
Table 7.9 |
Potential Loss of Life for Worst Case |
|
Table 7.10 |
Potential Loss of Life for Base Case and Sensitivity Case |
|
Table 7.11 |
Estimated Occurrence Frequencies of Significant Town Gas Releases at the HP Underground Town Gas Transmission Pipelines |
|
Table 7.12 |
Ignition Probabilities from Cox, Lees and Ang Model |
|
Table 8.1 |
Baseline Information of Ecological Resources in the Assessment Area |
|
Table 8.2 |
Ecological Survey Schedule |
|
Table 8.3 |
Flora Species of Conservation Importance Previously Recorded within the Assessment Area |
|
Table 8.4 |
Avifauna Species of Conservation Importance Previously Recorded within the Assessment Area |
|
Table 8.5 |
Butterfly Species of Conservation Importance Previously Recorded within the Assessment Area |
|
Table 8.6 |
Amphibian Species of Conservation Importance Previously Recorded within the Assessment Area |
|
Table 8.7 |
Mammal Species of Conservation Importance Previously Recorded within the Assessment Area |
|
Table 8.8 |
Fish Species of Conservation Importance Previously Recorded within the Assessment Area |
|
Table 8.9 |
Habitats Recorded within the Assessment Area |
|
Table 8.10 |
Avifauna Species of Conservation Importance Recorded within the Assessment Area from Recent Survey |
|
Table 8.11 |
Number of Nests Recorded at Penfold Park Egretry in 2015 |
|
Table 8.12 |
Flight Heights of Ardeids that took off from Penfold Park Egretry |
|
Table 8.13 |
Relative Percentage of Ardeid Usage in each Flight Line |
|
Table 8.14 |
Mammal Species of Conservation Importance Recorded within the Assessment Area from Recent Survey |
|
Table 8.15 |
Herpetofauna Species of Conservation Importance Recorded within the Assessment Area from Recent Survey |
|
Table 8.16 |
Odonate Species of Conservation Importance Recorded within the Assessment Area from Recent Survey |
|
Table 8.17 |
Freshwater Species of Conservation Importance Recorded within the Assessment Area from Recent Survey |
|
Table 8.18 |
Species, Coverage and Size of Corals Found at the Spot-check Dive Sites |
|
Table 8.19 |
Total Abundance and Biomass of Each Faunal Group |
|
Table 8.20 |
Total Abundance and Biomass Recorded from Each Sampling Sites |
|
Table 8.21 |
Intertidal Species Recorded during the Walk-through Survey |
|
Table 8.22 |
Ecological Evaluation of Woodland within the Assessment Area |
|
Table 8.23 |
Ecological Evaluation of Fung Shui Wood within the Assessment Area |
|
Table 8.24 |
Ecological Evaluation of Plantation within the Assessment Area |
|
Table 8.25 |
Ecological Evaluation of Shrubland within the Assessment Area |
|
Table 8.26 |
Ecological Evaluation of Cultivated Land within the Assessment Area |
|
Table 8.27 |
Ecological Evaluation of Developed Area within the Assessment Area |
|
Table 8.28 |
Ecological Evaluation of the Streams S1 to S3 within the Assessment Area |
|
Table 8.29 |
Ecological Evaluation of the Other Permanent and Seasonal Streams within the Assessment Area |
|
Table 8.30 |
Ecological Evaluation of the Subtidal Hard Substrate, Soft Bottom and Intertidal Habitats within the Assessment Area |
|
Table 8.31 |
Species of Conservation Importance Recorded within the Assessment Area during Recent Surveys and Previous Study |
|
Table 8.32 |
Loss of Terrestrial Habitats |
|
Table 8.33 |
Evaluation of Ecological Impacts to Woodland within the Assessment Area |
|
Table 8.34 |
Evaluation of Ecological Impacts to Fung Shui Wood within the Assessment Area |
|
Table 8.35 |
Evaluation of Ecological Impacts to Plantation within the Assessment Area |
|
Table 8.36 |
Evaluation of Ecological Impacts to Shrubland within the Assessment Area |
|
Table 8.37 |
Evaluation of Ecological Impacts to Cultivated Land within the Assessment Area |
|
Table 8.38 |
Evaluation of Ecological Impacts to Developed Area within the Assessment Area |
|
Table 8.39 |
Evaluation of Ecological Impacts to Stream within the Assessment Area |
|
Table 8.40 |
Evaluation of Ecological Impacts to Other Permanent and Seasonal Streams within the Assessment Area |
|
Table 8.41 |
Evaluation of Ecological Impacts to Subtidal Hard Substrate, Soft Bottom and Intertidal Habitats within the Assessment Area |
|
Table 8.42 |
Compensatory Planting Proposed under the Project |
|
Table 8.43 |
Flora Species to be Considered for Compensatory Planting |
|
Table 9.1 |
Baseline Information of Fisheries Resources in the Assessment Area |
|
Table 9.2 |
Recent Figures of Hong Kong Capture Fisheries Industry |
|
Table 9.3 |
Summary of Capture Fisheries Data in the Assessment Area |
|
Table 9.4 |
Fisheries Production (kg/ha) of the Top Ten Families in the Assessment Area |
|
Table 9.5 |
Recent Figures of Hong Kong Culture Fisheries Industry |
|
Table 9.6 |
Summary of Potential Fisheries Impact during Construction Phase |
|
Table 9.7 |
Summary of Potential Fisheries Impact during Operation Phase |
|
Table 10.1 |
Relationship between Landscape Sensitivity and Magnitude of Change in Defining Impact Significance |
|
Table 10.2 |
Relationship between Visually Sensitive Receivers (VSRs) Sensitivity and Magnitude of Change in Defining Impact Significance |
|
Table 10.3 |
Summary of the Review of Planning and Development Control Framework |
|
Table 10.4 |
Baseline Landscape Resources (LRs) and their Sensitivity |
|
Table 10.5 |
Baseline Landscape Character Areas (LCAs) and their Sensitivity |
|
Table 10.6 |
Baseline Visually Sensitive Receivers (VSRs) and their Sensitivity |
|
Table 10.7 |
Magnitude of Landscape Impacts during Construction and Operation |
|
Table 10.8 |
Locations and Development Details of Permanent Aboveground Structures |
|
Table 10.9 |
Magnitude of Visual Impacts during Construction and Operation |
|
Table 10.10 |
Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures for Construction Phase |
|
Table 10.11 |
Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures for Operation Phase |
|
Table 10.12 |
Significance of Landscape Impacts during Construction and Operation Phases |
|
Table 10.13 |
Significance of Visual Impacts during Construction and Operation Phases |
|
Table 12.1 |
Summary of Inert and Non-Inert C&D Material Volumes Generated from Work Areas |
|
Table 12.2 |
Anticipated Timing of Wastes Arising / Generation from Construction Activities and Disposal |
|
Table 12.3 |
Summary on Disposal and Reuse of Inert C&D Materials Generated |
|
Table 12.4 |
Tentative Transportation Routings for Waste Disposal |
|
Table 12.5 |
Summary of Waste Arising, Waste Handling Procedures and Disposal Routes |
|
Table 13.1 |
TAPs from Criteria Air Pollutants of HKAQOs |
|
Table 13.2 |
TAP Considered in Various STW-related Literature and Guidelines |
|
Table 13.3 |
Basis of the Toxicity Values from Various Standards / Guidelines |
|
Table 13.4 |
Toxicity Criteria of the Non-carcinogenic Risk Assessment of the Identified TAPs |
|
Table 13.5 |
Toxicity Criteria of Carcinogenic Risks of the Identified TAPs |
|
Table 13.6 |
List of Detectable TAPs |
|
Table 13.7 |
List of Non-detectable TAPs |
|
Table 13.8 |
Summary of short-listed TAPs for Non-Carcinogenic Risk Assessment |
|
Table 13.9 |
Summary of short-listed TAPs for Carcinogenic Risk Assessment |
|
Table 13.10 |
Representative Human Receptors in the vicinity of Relocated STSTW for Operational Health Impact Assessment |
|
Table 13.11 |
Summary of Concentration Levels of Detectable TAPs at Emission Sources |
|
Table 13.12 |
Removal Efficiency of Deodourizer for Different TAPs |
|
Table 13.13 |
Summary of Maximum Incremental Concentration of TAPs with Non-carcinogenic Risk Level |
|
Table 13.14 |
Background Concentration of Criteria Pollutants from PATH Model |
|
Table 13.15 |
Background TAPs Concentrations |
|
Table 13.16 |
Maximum Predicted Cumulative Annual Average Concentrations of TAPs |
|
Table 13.17 |
Maximum Predicted Cumulative Hourly Average Concentrations of TAPs |
|
Table 13.18 |
Cancer Risk Guidance |
|
Table 13.19 |
Total Incremental Cancer Risk due to Identified TAPs |
|
Table 13.20 |
Indoor Air Quality Objectives for Office and Public Places |
|
Table 13.21 |
Potential Accidental Events and Preventive Measures |
|
Table 15.1 |
Summary of Key Environmental Outcomes / Benefits |
|
Table 16.1 |
Implementation Schedule of Recommended Mitigation Measures |
LIST OF DIAGRAMS
|
Diagram 2.01 |
Trenchless Pipe-laying Method |
|
Diagram 2.02 |
Sewage Treatment Process Schematic Flow Diagram |
|
Diagram 5.01 |
Water Bodies Potentially Affected by the THEES Effluent |
|
Diagram 5.02 |
Generalized THEES Effluent Flow to Victoria Harbour Considered Under Scenarios 1, 2a, 2b, 3a and 3b |
|
Diagram 5.03 |
Proposed Intake and Discharge Points of IP System |
|
Diagram 5.04 |
Generalized Effluent Flow to Tolo Harbour Considered Under Scenario 4 |
|
Diagram 5.05 |
Generalized Effluent Flow to Tolo Harbour Considered Under Scenario 5 |
|
Diagram 5.06 |
Generalized Effluent Flow to Tolo Harbour Considered Under Scenarios 6a and 6b |
|
Diagram 5.07 |
Generalized Effluent Flow to Tolo Harbour Considered Under Scenario 7 |
|
Diagram 7.01 |
Hong Kong Government Risk Guidelines |
|
Diagram 7.02 |
Schematic Diagram of QRA Process |
|
Diagram 7.03 |
Proposed Magazine Location and Explosives Transport Route |
|
Diagram 7.04 |
Maximum Individual Risk Contours for Delivery Route (Outdoor Population) |
|
Diagram 7.05 |
Maximum Individual Risk Contours for Delivery Route (Indoor Population) |
|
Diagram 7.06 |
Individual Risk Contours for Magazine (Outdoor Population) |
|
Diagram 7.07 |
Individual Risk Contours for Magazine (Indoor Population) |
|
Diagram 7.08 |
F-N Curves for Storage, Transport and Use of Explosives |
|
Diagram 7.09 |
F-N Curves Breakdown by Storage, Transport and Use of Explosives |
|
Diagram 7.10 |
Framework for the Tolerability of Individual Risk in IGEM |
|
Diagram 7.11 |
IGEM F-N Criterion Envelope |
|
Diagram 7.12 |
Individual Risk Contours for the HP Underground Town Gas Transmission Pipeline |
|
Diagram 7.13 |
Societal Risk Curve for Construction Stage |
|
Diagram 7.14 |
Societal Risk Curve for Operational Stage |
|
Diagram 7.15 |
Societal Risk Curve with IGEM F-N Criterion Envelope for Construction Stage |
|
Diagram 7.16 |
Societal Risk Curve with IGEM F-N Criterion Envelope for Operational Stage |
|
Diagram 7.17 |
Cumulative Individual Risk Contours |
|
Diagram 7.18 |
FN Curves of Cumulative Risks |
|
Diagram 8.01 |
Indicative Section of Access Road at Nui Po Shan |
|
Diagram 13.01 |
Detailed UK Format for Health Risk Assessment Conceptual Process |
|
Diagram 13.02 |
Schematic Flow of Treatment Process for Relocated STSTW |
ABBREVIATIONS
|
3RS |
Expansion of
Hong Kong International Airport into a Three-Runway System |
|
A&MO AAB |
Antiquities
and Monuments Ordinance Antiquities
Advisory Board |
|
AADT |
Annual
Average Daily Traffic |
|
ACM |
Asbestos
Containing Materials |
|
ADWF |
Average Dry
Weather Flow |
|
AFCD |
Agriculture,
Fisheries and Conservation Department |
|
AGI |
Above Ground
Installation |
|
AGS |
Aerobic
Granular Sludge |
|
AHM |
Artificial
Hard Materials |
|
ALARP AL Levels |
As Low As is
Reasonably Practicable Action and
Limit Levels |
|
AMO |
Antiquities
and Monuments Office |
|
ANL |
Acceptable
Noise Level |
|
APCO APHA |
Air Pollution
Control Ordinance American
Public Health Association |
|
AQMS |
Air Quality
Monitoring System |
|
AQO |
Air Quality
Objective |
|
ASR |
Air Sensitive
Receiver Area
Sensitivity Rating (referred in Chapter 4 only) |
|
ATC |
Annual
Traffic Census |
|
ATSDR |
Agency for
Toxic Substances and Disease Registry |
|
BAF |
Biological
Aerated Filter |
|
BC |
Barrier
Correction |
|
BCF |
Hong Kong
Boundary Crossing Facilities |
|
BDTM |
Base District
Traffic Model |
|
BE |
Bulk
Explosives |
|
BMP |
Best
Management Practice |
|
BNL |
Basic Noise
Level |
|
BOD |
Biochemical
Oxygen Demand |
|
BOD5 |
5-day
Biochemical Oxygen Demand |
|
BSAP |
Biodiversity
Strategy and Action Plan |
|
C&D |
Construction
and Demolition |
|
C&DMMP C&ED |
Construction
and Demolition Material Management Plan Customs and
Excise Department |
|
CA |
Conservation
Area |
|
Cal/EPA |
California
Environmental Protection Agency |
|
CALINE4 |
California
Line Source Dispersion Model, version 4 |
|
CAP |
Contaminated
Assessment Plan |
|
CAR |
Contamination
Assessment Report |
|
CAS |
Conventional
Activated Sludge |
|
CBD |
Convention on
Biological Diversity |
|
CBL |
Cross Bay
Link |
|
CCTV CDB |
Closed-Circuit
Television Code of
Practice for Demolition of Buildings |
|
CE |
Cartridged
Emulsion |
|
CEDD |
Civil
Engineering and Development Department |
|
CEPT |
Chemically
Enhanced Primary Treatment |
|
CFR |
Code of
Federal Regulations |
|
CHIA |
Cultural
Heritage Impact Assessment |
|
CIC |
Construction
Industry Council |
|
CKR |
Central
Kowloon Route |
|
CLP CNP |
CLP Power
Hong Kong Ltd. Construction
Noise Permit |
|
CNS |
Central
Nervous System |
|
CO |
Carbon
Monoxide |
|
CO2 |
Carbon
Dioxide |
|
COC |
Chemicals of
Concern |
|
COD |
Chemical
Oxygen Demand |
|
COPC |
Chemical of
Potential Concern |
|
CRTN |
Calculation
of Road Traffic Noise |
|
Csat |
Soil
Saturation |
|
CSM |
Conceptual
Site Model |
|
CSTW |
Cavern Sewage
Treatment Works |
|
CT10 CUHK |
Container
Terminal 10 Development at Southwest Tsing Yi Chinese
University of Hong Kong |
|
CWB |
Central-Wan
Chai Bypass |
|
CWTC |
Chemical
Waste Treatment Centre |
|
DA |
Depth-Averaged |
|
DA-TM DAF |
Technical
Memorandum on Noise from Construction Work in Designated Areas Dissolved Air
Flotation |
|
DBH |
Diameter at
Breast Height |
|
DC |
Distance
Attenuation |
|
DCDB |
The Code of
Practice for Demolition of Buildings |
|
DCS |
District
Cooling System |
|
DEFRA |
Department of
Environment, Food, and Rural Affairs |
|
DETR |
Department of
Environment Transport and Regions |
|
DEVB DGPS DG |
Development
Bureau Differential
Global Positioning System Dangerous
Goods |
|
DNRA |
Dissimilatory
Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia |
|
DO |
Dissolved
Oxygen |
|
DOCEP |
Department of
Consumer and Employment Protection |
|
DP |
Designated
Project |
|
DSD |
Drainage
Services Department |
|
E&M |
Electrical and
Mechanical |
|
EIA |
Environmental
Impact Assessment |
|
EIAO |
Environmental
Impact Assessment Ordinance |
|
EIAO-TM |
Technical
Memorandum on Environmental Impact Assessment Process |
|
EIDAS |
Explosives
Incidents Database Advisory Service |
|
EM&A |
Environmental
Monitoring and Audit |
|
EMFAC-HK |
Emission
Factors Hong Kong Model |
|
EMP |
Environmental
Management Plan |
|
EMSD |
Electrical
and Mechanical Services Department |
|
EP |
Environmental
Permit |
|
EPD ER ES |
Environmental
Protection Department Engineer’s
Representative Executive Summary |
|
ESB |
EIA Study
Brief |
|
ESTC |
Explosives
Storage and Transport Committee |
|
ETWB ET |
Environment,
Transport and Works Bureau Environmental
Team |
|
EUGRIS |
European
Groundwater and Contaminated Land Remediation Information System |
|
FC |
Façade
Correction |
|
FCZ |
Fish Culture
Zone |
|
FDM |
Fugitive Dust
Model |
|
FPA |
Fisheries
Protection Area |
|
FSD |
Fire Services
Department |
|
FSP |
Fine
Suspended Particulates |
|
FTA |
Fault Tree
Analysis |
|
GB GBNSR |
Green Belt Ground Borne
Noise Sensitive Receiver |
|
GCHIA |
Guidelines
for Cultural Heritage Impact Assessment |
|
GEO |
Geotechnical
Engineering Office |
|
GIC |
Government,
Institution or Community |
|
GIS |
Geographic
Information System |
|
GLTM |
Greening,
Landscape and Tree Management |
|
GPS |
Global
Positioning System |
|
GW-TM |
Technical
Memorandum on Noise from Construction Work other than Percussive Piling |
|
H2S |
Hydrogen
Sulphide |
|
HAB |
Harmful Algal
Bloom |
|
HAP |
Hazardous Air
Pollutant |
|
HATS |
Harbour Area
Treatment Scheme |
|
HD |
Housing
Department |
|
HEC |
Health and
Environmental Committee |
|
HHRA |
Human Health
Risk Assessment |
|
HIA |
Health Impact
Assessment |
|
HKCG |
Hong Kong and
China Gas Company |
|
HKPSG |
Hong Kong
Planning Standards and Guidelines |
|
HKRG |
Hong Kong
Government Risk Guidelines |
|
HKSAR |
Hong Kong
Special Administrative Region |
|
HP |
High Pressure |
|
HPCL |
Health Protection
Concentration Level |
|
HR |
Human
Receptor |
|
HSC HTML |
Health and
Safety Commission Hyper Text
Markup Language |
|
HyD |
Highways
Department |
|
HZMB |
Hong Kong -
Zhuhai - Macao Bridge |
|
IAQ |
Indoor Air
Quality |
|
IARC |
International
Agency for Research on Cancer |
|
ICOMOS IEC |
International
Council on Monuments and Sites Independent
Environmental Checker |
|
IF |
Influencing
Factor |
|
IFAS |
Integrated
Fixed Film Activated Sludge System |
|
IGEM |
Institution
of Gas Engineers and Managers |
|
IND-TM |
Technical
Memorandum on Noise from Places other than Domestic Premises, Public Places
or Construction Sites |
|
IP |
Interception
and Pumping |
|
IR |
Individual
Risk |
|
IRIS |
Integrated
Risk Information System |
|
ISCST3 |
Industrial
Sources Complex Short Term 3 |
|
ISEPS |
Intermediate
Sewage and Effluent Pumping Station |
|
IUCN |
International
Union for Conservation of Nature |
|
IUR |
Inhalation
Unit Risk |
|
IWMF |
Integrated
Waste Management Facilities |
|
KCRC |
Kowloon-Canton
Railway Corporation |
|
KED |
Kowloon
Explosives Depot |
|
KTAC |
Kai Tak
Approach Channel |
|
KTD |
Kai Tak Development |
|
KTN |
Kai Tak
Nullah |
|
KTTS |
Kwun Tong
Typhoon Shelter |
|
MRL |
Minimum Risk
Level |
|
LandsD LC |
Lands
Department Local Concern |
|
LCA |
Landscape
Character Area |
|
LCSD |
Leisure and
Cultural Services Department |
|
LR |
Landscape
Resource |
|
LTT |
Lam Tin
Tunnel |
|
mAG |
Meters above
Ground |
|
MBBR |
Moving Bed
Biofilm Reactor |
|
MBR MD |
Membrane
Bioreactor Mines
Division |
|
MHSA |
Mine Safety
and Health Administration |
|
MIC MLE MLSS |
Maximum
Instantaneous Charge Modified
Ludzack-Ettinger Mixed Liquor
Suspended Solids |
|
MM5 |
Mesoscale Model
5 |
|
MTRC |
MTR
Corporation Limited |
|
NaOCl |
Sodium
Hypochlorite |
|
NAPL |
Non-Aqueous
Phase Liquid |
|
NCO |
Noise Control
Ordinance |
|
NEDA |
Non Explosive
Demolition Agents |
|
NENT |
North East
New Territories |
|
NH3 |
Ammonia |
|
NH3-N |
Ammonia
Nitrogen |
|
NIMBY |
Not-In-My-Backyard |
|
NO2 |
Nitrogen
Dioxide |
|
NO2-N |
Nitrite
Nitrogen |
|
NO3-N |
Nitrate
Nitrogen |
|
NSR |
Noise
Sensitive Receiver |
|
NTU |
Turbidity |
|
O3 |
Ozone |
|
OEHHA |
Office of
Environmental Health Hazard Assessment |
|
OVT |
Old and
Valuable Tree |
|
OU |
Other
Specified Uses (referred in Chapter 10 only) |
|
OU |
Odour Unit |
|
OZP |
Outline
Zoning Plan |
|
PAH |
Poly-aromatic
Hydrocarbons / Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons |
|
PATH |
Pollutants in
the Atmosphere and their Transport over Hong Kong model |
|
PCB |
Polychlorinated
Biphenyls |
|
PCR |
Petroleum
Carbon Ranges |
|
PCRAMMET |
PCRAMMET
Meteorological Program |
|
PCW PDF |
Prescribed
Construction Work Portable
Document Format |
|
PER |
Preliminary
Environmental Review |
|
PFA |
Pulverized
Fuel Ash |
|
PFC |
Public Fill
Committee |
|
PFRF PGC PRC |
Public Fill
Reception Facilities Potential
Global Concern Potential
Regional Concern |
|
PlanD |
Planning
Department |
|
PLL |
Potential
Loss of Life |
|
PME PM10 PM2.5 |
Powered
Mechanical Equipment Suspended
particulates in air with a nominal aerodynamic diameter of 10µm or smaller Suspended
particulates in air with a nominal aerodynamic diameter of 2.5µm or smaller |
|
PN |
Practice Note |
|
PO4 |
Orthophosphate
Phosphorus |
|
PP-TM |
Technical
Memorandum on Noise from Percussive Piling |
|
PPRTV |
Provisional
Peer-Reviewed Toxicity Value |
|
PPV |
Peak Particle
Velocity |
|
ProPECC |
Professional
Persons Environmental Consultative Committee |
|
PRS |
Potential
Reclamation Site |
|
PTW PVC PVS QA QC |
Preliminary
Treatment Work Polyvinyl
Chloride Planning
Vision and Strategy Quality
Assurance Quality
Control |
|
QPME |
Quality
Powered Mechanical Equipment |
|
QRA |
Quantitative
Risk Assessment |
|
RAGS |
Risk
Assessment Guidance for Superfund |
|
RAP |
Remediation
Action Plan |
|
RBRG |
Risk-Based
Remediation Goal |
|
RC |
Reinforced
Concrete |
|
RCL |
Receptor
Concentration Level |
|
REL |
Reference Exposure
Level |
|
REA |
Rapid
Ecological Assessment |
|
RfC |
Reference
Concentrations |
|
Rn |
Radon |
|
RO |
Regional
Office |
|
RR |
Remediation
Report |
|
RSP |
Respirable
Suspended Particulates |
|
RT |
Reverberation
Time |
|
SANI SAS |
Sulphate
Reduction Autotrophic Denitrification and Nitrification Integrated Surplus
Activated Sludge |
|
SCISTW |
Stonecutters
Island Sewage Treatment Works |
|
SCL |
Shatin to
Central Link |
|
SI |
Site
Investigation |
|
SiO2 |
Silica |
|
SKSTW |
Sai Kung
Sewage Treatment Works |
|
SO2 |
Sulphur
Dioxide |
|
SPL |
Sound
Pressure Level |
|
SPME |
Specified
Powered Mechanical Equipment |
|
SRB |
Sulphate-Reducing
Bacteria |
|
SS |
Suspended
Solids |
|
SSSI |
Sites of
Special Scientific Interest |
|
STDC |
Sha Tin
District Council |
|
STDO |
Sha Tin
District Office |
|
STEPS |
Sha Tin
Effluent Pumping Station |
|
STF |
Sludge Treatment
Facilities |
|
STSTW |
Sha Tin
Sewage Treatment Works |
|
STW |
Sewage
Treatment Works |
|
STWTW |
Sha Tin Water
Treatment Works |
|
SVOC |
Semi-Volatile
Organic Compound |
|
SWL |
Sound Power
Level |
|
TAP |
Toxic Air
Pollutant |
|
TBM |
Tunnel Boring
Machine |
|
TCNTE |
Tung Chung New
Town Extension |
|
TC(W) |
Technical
Circular (Works) |
|
TD |
Transport
Department |
|
TH |
Tolo Harbour |
|
THEES |
Tolo Harbour
Effluent Export Scheme |
|
THMB |
Tolo Harbour
and Mirs Bay |
|
TIN |
Total
Inorganic Nitrogen |
|
TKN |
Total
Kjeldahl Nitrogen |
|
TKO TM |
Tseung Kwan O Technical
Memorandum |
|
TM-CLKL |
Tuen Mun -
Chek Lap Kok Link |
|
TM-DSS |
Technical
Memorandum on Standards for Effluents Discharged into Drainage and Sewerage
Systems, Inland and Coastal Waters |
|
TN |
Total
Nitrogen |
|
TNT |
Trinitrotoluene |
|
TP |
Total
Phosphorus |
|
TPEDM |
Territorial
Population and Employment Data Matrices |
|
TPEPS |
Tai Po
Effluent Pumping Station |
|
TPL |
Total
Pollution Load |
|
TPSTW |
Tai Po Sewage
Treatment Works |
|
TSP |
Total
Suspended Particulates |
|
UDS |
Ultimate
Design Scenario |
|
UIA |
Unionized
Ammonia |
|
UK HSE UNESCO |
UK Health and
Safety Executive United
Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization |
|
USEPA |
US
Environmental Protection Agency |
|
UV |
Ultraviolet |
|
VCE |
Vapour Cloud
Explosion |
|
VDC |
Vehicle
Detention Centre |
|
VKT |
Vehicle-Kilometer-Travelled |
|
VOC |
Volatile
Organic Compound |
|
VPF |
Value of
Preventing a Fatality |
|
VSR WBTC |
Visually
Sensitive Receiver Works Bureau
Technical Circular |
|
WCZ |
Water Control
Zone |
|
WDII |
Wan Chai
Development Phase II |
|
WDO |
Waste
Disposal Ordinance |
|
WENT |
West New
Territories |
|
WHO |
World Health
Organization |
|
WIL |
West Island
Line |
|
WMP |
Waste
Management Plan |
|
WPCO |
Water
Pollution Control Ordinance |
|
WQO |
Water Quality
Objective |
|
WSD |
Water
Supplies Department |
|
WSR |
Water
Sensitive Receiver |