6.1.1
This section identifies the types of waste which are likely to be
generated during the construction and operation phases of the Project, and
evaluates the potential environmental impacts that may be resulted from the
waste generation. The assessment of the waste management implications arising
from construction and operation of the Project was conducted following the
criteria and guidelines as stated in Annexes 7 and 15 of the EIAO-TM as well as
requirements as given in Clause 3.4.7 and Appendix E of the EIA Study Brief
(ESB-323/2019).
6.2.1
The following legislation relates to the handling, treatment and
disposal of wastes in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR):-
·
Waste Disposal Ordinance (Cap. 354);
·
Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation (Cap. 354C);
·
Waste Disposal (Charges for Disposal of Construction Waste)
Regulation (Cap. 354N);
·
Land (Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Cap. 28); and
·
Public Health and Municipal Services Ordinance (Cap. 132BK) –
Public Cleansing and Prevention Nuisances Regulation.
Waste Disposal
Ordinance (Cap. 354)
6.2.2
The Waste Disposal Ordinance (WDO) prohibits the unauthorised disposal
of wastes. Construction waste is defined under Cap. 354N of the WDO as any
substance, matter or thing that is generated and abandoned from construction
works regardless if it has been processed or stockpiled before being abandoned,
excluding sludge, screenings or any matter removed or generated from
desludging, desilting or dredging works. Under WDO, waste can be disposed of
only at designated waste disposal facilities licensed by the Environmental
Protection Department (EPD).
Waste Disposal (Chemical
Waste) (General) Regulation (Cap. 354C)
6.2.3
Issued under the WDO, the Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General)
Regulation controls the possession, storage, collection, transport and disposal
of chemical wastes. EPD has also issued three guidelines detailing how the
Contractor should comply with the regulations on chemical wastes, namely A
Guide to the Chemical Waste Control Scheme (2016), A Guide to the Registration
of Chemical Waste Producers (2016) and Code of Practice on the Packaging,
Labelling and Storage of Chemical Wastes (1992).
Land (Miscellaneous
Provisions) Ordinance (Cap. 28)
6.2.4
The inert portion of Construction and Demolition (C&D) materials
(including rocks, soil, broken concrete, building debris etc.) may be taken to
Public Fill Reception Facilities (PFRFs) operated by the Civil Engineering and
Development Department (CEDD). The Land (Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance
requires that individuals or companies who deliver public fill to the PFRFs are
required to obtain Dumping Licences. The licences are issued by CEDD under
delegated authority from the Director of Lands.
6.2.5
Individual licences and windscreen stickers are issued for each vehicle
involved. Under the licence conditions, public fill reception facilities will
only accept soil, sand, rubble, brick, tile, rock, boulder, concrete, asphalt,
masonry or used bentonite. In addition, in accordance with paragraph 12 of the
Development Bureau Technical Circular (Works) No.6/2010, Public Fill Committee
will advise on the acceptance criteria. The material will, however, be free
from marine mud, household refuse, plastic, metal, industrial and chemical
wastes, animal and vegetable matter and any other materials considered
unsuitable by the public fill reception facility supervisor.
Waste Disposal (Charges
for Disposal of Construction Waste) Regulation (Cap. 354N)
6.2.6
Under the Waste Disposal (Charges for Disposal of Construction Waste)
Regulation, construction waste delivered to a landfill for disposal must not
contain more than 50% by weight of inert material. Construction waste
delivered to a sorting facility for disposal must contain more than 50% by
weight of inert material, and construction waste delivered to a Public Fill
Reception Facility (PFRF) for disposal must consist entirely of inert material.
Public Health and
Municipal Services Ordinance – Public Cleansing and Prevention of Nuisances
Regulation (Cap. 132BK)
6.2.7
The Public Cleansing and Prevention of Nuisances Regulation provides
control on illegal dumping of wastes on unauthorised / unlicensed sites. The
illegal dumping of wastes can lead to a fine and/or imprisonment.
6.2.8
Other environmental relevant circulars/guidelines applicable to waste
management practices for this Project include:-
·
Works Branch Technical Circular (WBTC) No. 2/93 Public Dumps;
·
WBTC No. 2/93B Public Filling Facilities;
·
WBTC No. 12/2000 Fill Management;
·
ETWB TCW No. 19/2005 Environmental Management on Construction
Sites;
·
Development Bureau Technical Circular (Works) (DEVB TCW) No.
06/2010 Trip-ticket System for Disposal of Construction and Demolition Materials;
·
DEVB TCW No. 08/2010 Enhanced Specification for Site Cleanliness
and Tidiness;
·
DEVB TCW No. 09/2011 Enhanced Control Measures for Management of
Public Fill;
·
Hong Kong Planning Standards and Guidelines, 2021 (PlanD);
·
Code of Practice on the Packaging, Labelling and Storage of
Chemical Wastes (EPD);
·
Code of Practice on the Handling, Transportation and Disposal of
Asbestos Waste (EPD);
·
ProPECC PN 2/97 Handling of Asbestos Containing Materials in
Buildings;
·
A Guide to the Chemical Waste Control Scheme (EPD); and
·
Section 4.1.3 of Chapter 4 of the Project Administration Handbook
(PAH) for Civil Engineering Works, Management of Construction/Demolition
Materials including Rock.
6.3.1
The proposed improvement of Lion Rock Tunnel is located at connecting
rims of Kowloon and Shatin districts. It lies across the Lion Rock and spans
along the northern part of Waterloo road, Lion Rock Tunnel Road, and to the
west part of the Sha Tin Road. Abundant residential uses exist along the rims
of two districts while recreational uses exist on the Lion Rock side.
6.4.1
The assessment of the potential waste management implications during the
construction and operation phases of the Project has been conducted in
accordance with Annexes 7 and 15 of the EIAO-TM, including the following
tasks:-
·
Estimation of the types and quantities of the wastes generated;
·
Evaluation of opportunities for waste reduction and re-use;
·
Identification of disposal options for each type of wastes;
·
Assessment of potential environmental impacts arising from the
wastes management with respect of potential hazards, air and odour emissions,
noise, wastewater discharge, and public transport; and
·
Assessment of the impacts caused by handling, collection,
transportation and re-use /disposal of wastes.
6.4.2
Prior to considering the disposal options for various types of waste,
opportunities for reducing waste generation, on-site or off-site reuse and
recycling have been evaluated. Measures which can be taken in the planning and
design phases (e.g. by modifying the design approach) and in the construction
phase for maximizing waste reduction have been separately considered.
Practices to promote segregation of waste materials are additionally considered
for advancing the waste management efficiency.
6.4.3
After considering the opportunities for reducing waste generation and
maximizing reuse, the types and quantities of the waste required to be disposed
of have been estimated and the disposal options for each type of waste have
been described. The disposal method recommended for each type of waste has
been taken into account the result of the assessment. The impacts caused by
handling (including stockpiling, labelling, packaging and storage), collection
and reuse / disposal of waste have been addressed and appropriate mitigation
measures have been proposed.
6.5.1
The construction of the Project is tentatively scheduled to commence in Q1
2025 for completion in 2034. The types of waste generated and their respective
sources during the construction and operation phases are tabulated in Table 6.1.
Table 6.1 Identification
of Waste Types and Sources in the Construction and Operation Phases of the
Project
|
Waste Types
|
Sources
of Waste Identified
|
Examples
|
|
Construction Phase
|
|
Construction and Demolition (C&D) Materials
|
· Excavated
materials from site formation works for tunnelling works including TBM, drill
& break tunnel and mechanical excavation
· Construction
of adits, tunnel associated buildings and structures (e.g. ventilation buildings
and new administration building etc.)
· Demolition
of existing buildings (e.g. ventilation buildings, administration building,
toll plaza etc.)
· Slope
formation works
· Retaining
works
· Road widening
works at Kowloon and Shatin sides and road reconfiguration works
|
Inert C&D materials
· Rocks
· Soft
materials (fill, etc.)
Non – inert C&D
materials
· Timbers,
papers and plastic etc.
|
|
Chemical waste
|
· Plant
operations and maintenance
· Maintenance
of mechanical equipment
· Demolition
of existing administration building
|
Oil and grease; scrap batteries; used paint and cleaners;
asbestos waste from building demolition, etc.
|
|
General refuse
|
· Construction
works and site-based staff and workers
|
Food waste, containers, cans and waste papers etc.
|
|
Operation Phase
|
|
Screening, grits and sludge
|
· On-site
Sewage Treatment Plant (STP)
|
Screening, grits and sludge
|
|
Chemical waste
|
· Maintenance
of facilities and equipment
|
Used paint, lubricants and used batteries etc.
|
|
General refuse
|
· Staff and
office activities
|
Food waste, containers, cans and waste papers etc.
|
Construction Phase
6.6.1
The types of waste generated during the construction phase include:-
·
C&D Materials generated from construction of adits,
ventilation buildings and new administration buildings, demolition of existing
administration building, excavation and site formation works;
·
Chemical Waste; and
·
General Refuse.
Construction and
Demolition Materials
6.6.2
The following measures have been taken to minimize quantity of C&D
materials:-
General
Approach
·
Constant design reviews in striving to optimise the scheme
proposals;
·
Proposed use of prefabricated materials where possible;
·
Reuse of existing structures in the design where possible;
Minimising
the generation of inert C&D materials (Design and Construction Method)
·
During the design for road widening works, vertical retaining
member such as soldier pipe pile wall is adopted at uphill side instead of
conventional R.C. L-shaped retaining walls. In the other words, temporary
cutting back of slope is avoided as far as possible for the construction of
conventional R.C. L-shaped retaining walls. Hence, reducing the generation of
the inert C&D materials.
Minimising
the generation of inert C&D materials (General Layout)
·
For instance, a substantial section of the road widening works
along LRTR at Shatin side has been modified to be carried out at the downhill
areas instead (which are mostly disturbed terrain and man-made slopes). This
is to minimize as far as possible the proposed works from encroaching the LRCP and
natural hillsides, thus potentially reducing ecological impacts of the Project
on the natural surroundings. Carrying most of the widening works downhill also
substantially reduce the potential impact to the existing burial sites, and
also result in significant reductions to the total amount of excavation spoil
generated.
·
As the impact assessments and preliminary design under this
Assignment progresses, certain works proposed under the CE 30/2015 (HY)
Principal Inspection of Lion Rock Tunnel and Associated Studies - Investigation
(i.e. which were also reflected in the EIA Study Brief) were deemed no longer
required. For instance, the section of road widening works to interface with
the Revised Trunk Road T4 project along Sha Tin Road has been omitted. Omitting
this section of the road widening works potentially would reduce the total
amount of excavation at the upslope natural hillside, and also reduce the
potential impacts (e.g. vibrations) to the cultural heritage at Tsang Tai Uk.
Maximise
the use of inert C&D materials (Construction Programme)
·
Having reviewed the construction programme, the existing Kowloon
bound Tunnel enlarged by drill & break method, construction of tunnel
portal structure and slope formation at Kowloon Portal are proposed to be
carried out in parallel with the proposed roads widening works. Hence, the
excavated soils and rocks generated from the enlargement of Kowloon bound
tunnel could be used as construction filling materials such as backfilling
materials at downhill side for the road widening works.
·
The proposed road widening works along Lion Rock Tunnel Road
primarily consist of backfilling works at downhill side while slope cutting
back works at uphill side. In order to maximise the use of inert C&D
materials generated from the slope cutting back works at uphill side for the
proposed road widening works, it is envisaged that backfilling works at the
downhill side of the proposed road widening works is scheduled to be carried
out at the same time in accordance with the construction programme so as to
make use of the excavated soil and rock from the slope cutting back at uphill
side for the proposed road widening works.
6.6.3
C&D materials would be generated from tunnelling works, site
formation works, construction of adits, tunnel associated buildings and
structure (e.g. ventilation buildings and new administration building), demolition
of existing buildings (e.g. ventilation buildings, administration building,
toll plaza etc.), slope formation works, retaining works, as well as road
widening/ reconfiguration works. These C&D materials would comprise inert
components such as soil, rocks, concrete, and non-inert components such as wood
and metals. Based on the latest layout, the volume of C&D materials to be
generated is estimated to be approximately 1,338,050 m3 of inert
material and 107,044 m3 of non-inert materials. About 789,600 m3
of total excavated materials is rock, which would be generated from tunnel
construction mainly. An estimated volume of 442,250 m3 is soft
materials while 106,200 m3 would be broken concrete. However, it
should be noted that these quantities are initial estimates only and would need
to be further reviewed and updated as the design progresses.
6.6.4
The following non-inert C&D materials would also be generated during
the construction phase:-
·
Timber and metal from formwork;
·
Vegetation from site formation; and
·
Papers & plastics.
6.6.5
About 107,044 m3 of non-inert C&D materials would be
generated, which would be reused and recycled as much as possible before
disposal of at landfill site by trucks. In the preliminary design stage, the
non-inert C&D materials would be disposed off at Tseung Kwan O South East
New Territories (SENT) Landfill. It is the Contractor’s responsibility to
separate the inert and non-inert C&D materials on site. The maximum number
of dump trucks transporting inert and non-inert C&D materials (i.e.
generated from TBM Tunnel and 100m mined Tunnel at Kowloon Portal) are
estimated to be 182 vehicle trips per day and 33 vehicle trips per day
respectively, while inert and non-inert C&D materials (i.e. generated from
site formation for tunnelling works, slope formation works at Kowloon Portal) are
estimated to be 33 vehicle trips per day and 6 vehicle trips per day respectively.
6.6.6
A summary of inert C&D materials generated during the construction
phase is shown in Table 6.2. The anticipated timing of wastes
arising/generated from the construction activities is shown in Table 6.3. The location plan of works area is presented in 60604728/R42b/Figure 2.1
to 2.5.
Table 6.2 Summary
of Inert Construction and Demolition Materials Quantities Generated
|
Works Area
|
Volume
of Inert C&D Material/Weights of Inert C&D Material (Bulk Volume, m3)
|
|
Rock
(Grade
I to III) (m3) *
|
Inert
C&D Material (Broken Concrete)
(m3)
|
Inert
C&D Materials
(Soft
Material Fill) (m3) *
|
|
Demolition
of existing Ventilation Buildings, Administration Building, Security Booth,
E&M Buildings, Toll Plaza, Surge Tank and Tunnel associated Buildings
|
-
|
4,700
|
600
|
|
Construction of New
Ventilation Building at Kowloon Portal, and Surge Tank
|
1,000
|
300
|
70,800
|
|
Slope formation Works,
Retaining Works and Proposed Noise Barriers along LRTR and at Kowloon Side
|
700
|
400
|
98,000
|
|
Road Widening Works at
Kowloon and Shatin Sides
|
4,300
|
55,100
|
51,100
|
|
Site Formation for
Tunnelling Works, Toll Plaza Area and Ventilation Building at Shatin Side;
and Slope Formation Works at Kowloon and Shatin Portals
|
90,400
|
700
|
205,250
|
|
Construction of New
Middle Tunnel including Cross Passage Tunnels and Demolition of Internal
Partition Wall during Interim Stage
|
440,700
|
5,400
|
10,700
|
|
Enlargement of
Existing Kowloon bound Tunnel
|
252,500
|
39,600
|
5,800
|
|
Total
|
789,600
|
106,200
|
442,250
|
* -
Bulking Factors of 30% for Soil and 10% for Rock have been considered.
Table
6.3 Anticipated
Timing of Wastes Arising/Generation from Construction Activities
|
Works Area
|
Proposed
Works
|
Anticipated
Timing
|
|
Along LRTR
and at Kowloon Side
|
Road Widening Works,
Slope Formation Works and Construction of Noise Barriers
|
58 months
|
|
Tunnelling
Works
|
Tunnelling
Works including TBM and drill & break tunnel
|
27 months for TBM
46 months for drill
and break tunnel
|
|
Tunnel
Portal Areas
|
Site
Formation Work, Construction of Tunnel Associated Buildings and Structures;
Road Reconfiguration Works; and Slope Formation at Portal Areas
|
75 months
|
|
Tunnel, Tunnel Portals
Areas, along LRTR and at Kowloon Side
|
Demolition Works of
existing Building and Structures
|
9 months
|
6.6.7
Since the construction of the new middle third tunnel is round-the-clock
and generates significant amount of excavated spoils, the temporary stockpiling
area located to the north of the existing toll plaza is proposed accordingly. Conveyor
belt systems are also proposed during TBM tunnelling for the transport of
tunnel spoil to the stockpiling area for loading of dump trucks. Surplus rock
generated from the Project is proposed to be recycled into aggregates and other
rock products in the Lam Tei Quarry subject to the operation period of the
Quarry.
Surplus soft material is proposed to be delivered to PFRFs operated by CEDD
such as Tseung Kwan O Area 137 Fill Bank for later use by other projects. The
rock and soft material would all be transported by trucks, there is no barging
point to be used. The maximum number of dump trucks transporting inert and
non-inert C&D materials (i.e. generated from TBM Tunnel and 100m mined
Tunnel at Kowloon Portal) are estimated to be 182 vehicle trips per day and 33
vehicle trips per day respectively, while inert and non-inert C&D materials
(i.e. generated from site formation for tunnelling works, slope formation works
at Kowloon Portal) are estimated to be 33 vehicle trips per day and 6 vehicle
trips per day respectively. A C&DMMP will be prepared and submitted
together with EIA Report to PFC for approval. The Project Proponent should be
responsible for obtaining confirmation and approval from PFC on the allocation
of the disposal site before commencement of the Project works. No construction
work is allowed to proceed until all issues on management of C&D materials
have been resolved with all relevant authorities including PFC and EPD.
Detailed breakdown on on-site and off-site reuse of inert C&D materials
generated is shown in Table 6.4. In view of site constraint, no
crushing and sorting facilities can be provided on-site, only approximately
53,800m3 of inert C&D materials is anticipated to be reused
on-site. Nonetheless, it is envisaged that the reuse/recycling of the
excavated rocks generated from the enlargement works of Kowloon bound tunnel as
sub-base materials for other projects after reprocessing.
Table 6.4 Summary
on Arrangement of Inert C&D Materials Generated
|
Works Area
|
Off
Site Reuse (m3)
|
On-site
Reuse (m3)
|
|
Rock
|
Concrete
|
Soft
Material (Fill, etc)*
|
Rock
|
Concrete
|
Soft
Material (Fill, etc)
|
|
Demolition of existing
Ventilation Buildings, Administration Building, Security Booth, E&M
Buildings, Toll Plaza, Surge Tank and Tunnel associated Buildings
|
-
|
4,700
|
600
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Construction of New
Ventilation Building at Kowloon Portal, and Surge Tank
|
1,000
|
300
|
70,800
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Slope formation Works,
Retaining Works and Proposed Noise Barriers along LRTR and at Kowloon Side
|
700
|
400
|
98,000
|
-
|
-
|
|
|
Road Widening Works
|
4,300
|
55,100
|
37,300
|
-
|
-
|
13,800
|
|
Site Formation for
Tunnelling Works, Toll Plaza Area and Ventilation Building at Shatin Side;
and Slope Formation Works at Kowloon and Shatin Portals
|
90,400
|
700
|
165,250
|
-
|
-
|
40,000
|
|
Construction of New
Middle Tunnel including Cross Passage Tunnels and Demolition of Internal
Partition Wall during Interim Stage
|
440,700
|
5,400
|
10,700
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Enlargement of
Existing Kowloon bound Tunnel
|
252,500
|
39,600
|
5,800
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
Sub-total
|
789,600
|
106,200
|
388,450
|
-
|
-
|
53,800
|
|
Total†
|
1,284,250
|
53,800
|
* To be delivered to PFRFs for reuse in other projects.
6.6.8
Non-inert C&D materials will be considered for reuse/recycling as
possible before disposal. Surplus non-inert C&D materials is proposed to
be disposed to SENT Landfill at Tseung Kwan O.
6.6.9
The potential environmental impacts arising from handling and disposal
of the C&D materials, such as air and odour emissions, noise, wastewater
discharge, ecology, potential hazard and public transport, would be
negligible. Appropriate measures, such as wetting and covering with canvas,
should be taken to minimise potential adverse dust impacts during
transportation of C&D materials. To avoid illegal dumping and landfilling,
the contractor is required to present documentary proof on waste disposal at
landfill and/or public fills.
Chemical Waste
·
Oil
and grease associated with plant maintenance;
·
Hydraulic
fluid from plant machinery;
·
Scrap
batteries from vehicle maintenance; and
·
Used
paint, cleaners, solvents used in maintaining mechanical equipment.
6.6.11
It is difficult to quantify the amount of chemical waste that would
arise from the construction activities since it would depend on the
Contractor’s on-site maintenance requirements and the amount of plant utilized.
However, it is anticipated that the quantity of chemical waste, such as
lubrication oil and solvent produced from plant maintenance, would be small (i.e.
in the order of a few cubic metres per month) and as few as 1 ~ 3 trucks per
month for transport disposal is envisaged. Nonetheless, the amount of chemical
waste to be generated including the frequency of trips for disposal would be specified
in the Wastes Management Plan (WMP) to be prepared by the Contractors.
6.6.12
As stipulated in the Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General)
Regulations, chemical wastes arisen during the construction phase may pose
environmental, health and safety hazards if not stored and disposed of
appropriately. These hazards may include:-
·
Toxic
effects to workers;
·
Adverse
impacts on water quality from spills; and
·
Fire
hazard.
6.6.13
The Contractor would be required to register with EPD as a Chemical
Waste Producer. Chemical waste will be collected by licensed collectors and
disposed of at the Chemical Waste Treatment Centre (CWTC) at Tsing Yi or other
licensed facilities. Wherever possible opportunities should be taken to reuse
and recycle materials. Mitigation and control requirements for chemical wastes
are detailed in Section 6.7.14.
6.6.14
The handling, storage and disposal of chemical waste will follow the
Code of Practice on Packaging, Labelling and Storage of Chemical Wastes
published by EPD and the anticipated adverse environmental impacts would be
negligible.
6.6.15
Building demolition may possibly generate asbestos waste as the existing
building insulation materials likely contain asbestos. Asbestos waste is
categorised as chemical waste under the Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste)
Regulation. Building structures with asbestos will be demolished in accordance
with the Air Pollution Control Ordinance and the asbestos waste will be
disposed of as Part A chemical waste in accordance with Waste Disposal
(Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation. The Project Proponent should conduct an
asbestos investigation by a registered asbestos consultant prior to demolition
of existing building structure. The investigation should reveal the presence,
quantity and location of Asbestos Containing Materials (ACM). Should there be
any ACM found in the existing building structure, any demolition works of these
building structures should engage Registered Asbestos Contractors and the
asbestos waste should be collected and transported by the licensed waste
collector to designated landfill site for secure burial in accordance with the
Code of Practice on the Handling, Transport and Disposal of Asbestos Waste
issued by the EPD. The latest designated landfill site is West New Territories
(WENT) landfill in Nim Wan, Tuen Mun to receive asbestos waste.
General Reuse
6.6.16
Throughout construction, the workforce would generate refuse comprising
food scraps, waste paper, empty containers, etc. The number of construction
workers to be working on the Project at any one time is estimated to be about
500. Based on a generation rate of 0.65 kg per worker per day, appropriately
325 kg of general refuse would be generated daily during the construction
period. It is estimated that 1 truck per day would be required to transport
the general refuse for disposal of at NENT Landfill.
Operation Phase
·
Screening,
grits and sludge from the on-site Sewage Treatment Plant (STP);
·
Chemical
waste; and
·
General
refuse.
Screening, Grits and Sludge
6.6.19
Screening and grits would be generated at the inlet works of the on-site
STP. Considering the design capacity of the on-site STP is 114m3/day,
insignificant amount of screening and grits is anticipated (e.g. <0.01m3/day)
and the number of containers required for disposal would be minimal. Nonetheless,
the screenings and grits would be compacted and properly stored in a covered
container prior being disposed of at NENT Landfill. The transportation and
disposal of the screenings and grits would be managed and controlled by a
reputable waste collector employed by the operators to reduce the potential
pest, odour and litter impacts.
6.6.20
The major solid waste types produced from the on-site STP would be the
sludge associated with the sewage treatment process. Owing to the small amount
of wastewater would be treated by the on-site STP, minimal amount of sludge is
envisaged (e.g. ~1m3/day). The surplus sludge generated from on-site
STP will be trucked away to the designated Drainage Services Department (DSD) sewage
treatment works (STW) (e.g. Yuen Long STW) for collaborate treatment. It is
estimated that one tanker per 4 - 5 days would be required to transport the
sludge for disposal. The sludge would be stored properly in covered containers
to avoid odour nuisance prior to disposal. The transportation and disposal of
the sludge would be managed and controlled by a reputable licensed waste
collector employed by the operators to reduce the potential pest, odour and
litter impacts. Provided that the recommended mitigation measures in Section 6.7.18 are properly implemented, adverse environmental impacts from the storage,
handling, transport and disposal of sludge would not be anticipated.
Chemical Waste
6.6.21
Chemical wastes such as paints, lubricants and used batteries may be
generated during maintenance activities. This waste may pose environmental,
health and safety hazards. Measures as stipulated in the Waste Disposal
(Chemical Waste) (general) Regulation and the Code of Practice on the
Packaging, Labelling and Storage of Chemical Wastes would be strictly followed
for the handling and disposal of chemical waste.
6.6.22
Should any chemical waste be generated, the operator should register
with EPD as a chemical waste producer. The chemical waste would be readily
accepted for disposal of at the CWTC at Tsing Yi or other licensed facilities.
This chemical waste should be collected periodically in drum-type containers by
licensed chemical waste collectors. The quantities of chemical waste generated
from the operation phase is considered as minimal, a few cubic metres per month
would be anticipated and as few as 1 ~ 3 trucks per month for transport
disposal is envisaged. With proper storage, handling and disposal of this
waste, no adverse environmental impact is anticipated.
General Reuse
Construction Phase
Waste Management
Hierarchy
·
Avoidance
and reduction of waste generation;
·
Reuse
of materials as far as practicable;
·
Recovery
and recycling of residual materials where possible; and
·
Treatment
and disposal according to relevant laws, guidelines and good practices.
6.7.2
Based on the waste management hierarchy, waste reduction measures are
recommended as follow to reduce impacts and costs arisen from the Project.
Recommendations of good site practices and waste reduction measures would be
stated in order to achieve avoidance and minimization of waste generation in
the hierarchy. Environmental Management Plan (EMP) and trip-ticket system are
recommended for monitoring management of waste. Specific measures targeting
the mitigation of impacts in works areas and the transportation of spoil off-site
would be provided to minimize the potential impacts to the surrounding
environment together with recommendations on sediments management.
Good Site Practices
6.7.3
Adverse impacts related to waste management are not expected to arise,
provided that good site practices are strictly followed. Recommendations for
good site practices during the construction phase include:-
·
Nomination
of an approved person, such as a site manager, to be responsible for good site
practices, arrangements for collection and effective disposal to an appropriate
facility, of all wastes generated at the site;
·
Training
of site personnel in site cleanliness, proper waste management and chemical
handling procedures;
·
Provision
of sufficient waste disposal points and regular collection of waste;
·
Appropriate
measures to minimize windblown litter and dust during transportation of waste
by either covering trucks or by transporting wastes in enclosed containers; and
·
Regular
cleaning and maintenance programme for drainage systems, sumps and oil
interceptors.
Waste
Reduction Measures
6.7.4
Good management and control can prevent the generation of a significant
amount of waste. Waste reduction is best achieved at the planning and design
stage, as well as by ensuring the implementation of good site practices.
Recommendations to achieve waste reduction include:-
·
Use
of steel formwork instead of timber formwork to reduce the generation of timber
waste;
·
Segregation
and storage of different types of waste in different containers, skips or
stockpiles to enhance reuse or recycling of materials and their proper
disposal;
·
Encourage
collection of wastepaper, plastic bottles and aluminium cans by providing
separate labelled bins to enable this waste to be segregated from other general
refuse generated by the workforce;
·
Any
used chemicals or those with remaining functional capacity shall be recycled.
·
Proper
storage and site practices to minimize the potential for damage or
contamination of construction materials; and
·
Plan
and stock construction materials carefully to minimize amount of waste
generated and avoid unnecessary generation of waste.
6.7.5
The Contractor shall prepare and implement a WMP as part of the EMP in
accordance with ETWB TCW No. 19/2005 which describes the arrangements for
avoidance, reuse, recovery, recycling, storage, collection, treatment and
disposal of different categories of waste to be generated from the construction
activities. Such a management plan should incorporate site specific factors,
such as the designation of areas for segregation and temporary storage of
reusable and recyclable materials. The EMP should be submitted to the Engineer
for approval. The Contractor should implement the waste management practices
in the EMP throughout the construction stage of the Project. The EMP should be
reviewed regularly and updated by the Contractor.
Storage, Collection and
Transportation of Waste
6.7.6
Storage of materials on site may induce adverse environmental impacts if
not properly managed. The recommendations to minimize the impacts include:-
·
Waste
should be handled and stored well to ensure secure containment, thus minimizing
the potential of pollution;
·
Maintain
and clean storage areas routinely;
·
Stockpiling
area should be
provided with covers and water spraying system to prevent materials from
wind-blown or being washed away;
·
Conveyor
belt systems should be fully enclosed and equipped with water spray to suppress
dust generation; and
·
Different
locations should be designated to stockpile each material to enhance reuse.
6.7.7
Waste haulier with appropriate permits should be employed by the
Contractor for the collection and transportation of waste from works areas to
respective disposal outlets. The following suggestions should be enforced to
minimise the potential adverse impacts:-
·
Remove
waste in timely manner;
·
Waste
collectors should only collect wastes prescribed by their permits;
·
Impacts
during transportation, such as dust and odour, should be mitigated by the use
of covered trucks or in enclosed containers;
·
Obtain
relevant waste disposal permits from the appropriate authorities, in accordance
with the Waste Disposal Ordinance (Cap. 354), Waste Disposal (Charges for
Disposal of Construction Waste) Regulation (Cap. 354N) and the Land
(Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Cap. 28);
·
Waste
should be disposed of at licensed waste disposal facilities; and
·
Maintain
records of quantities of waste generated, recycled and disposed.
6.7.8
Land transport would be used for transportation of excavated and
stockpile materials. It is expected there would be a maximum of 254 vehicle
trips per day for transporting waste during construction phase. The tentative
transportation routings for the disposal of various types of wastes are shown
in Table 6.5. No barging points would be established for the Project. The
transportation routings may change subject to the actual traffic conditions of
the roads. Nevertheless, with the implementation of appropriate mitigation
measures (e.g. using water-tight containers and covered trucks), no adverse
environmental impacts would be expected due to transportation of waste.
Table 6.5 Tentative
Transportation Routings for Different Types of Waste
|
Treatment Facility/
Disposal Site
|
Type of
Waste
|
Tentative
Transportation Routing
|
|
Lam Tei
Quarry*
|
Surplus
inert C&D materials (i.e. Rock)
|
Via New
Territories Circular Road and Tuen Mun Road
|
|
Tseung
Kwan O Area 137 Fill Bank
|
Surplus
inert C&D materials (i.e. soft material and concrete)
|
Via Wan Po
Road
|
|
South East
New Territories (SENT) Landfill
|
Non-inert
C&D materials
|
Via Wan Po
Road
|
|
CWTC
|
Chemical
Waste
|
Via Tsing
Long Highway
|
|
West New
Territories (WENT) Landfill
|
Asbestos
|
Via New
Territories Circular Road and Nim Wan Road
|
|
North East
New Territories (NENT) Landfill
|
General
Refuse
|
Via Heung
Yuen Wai Highway
|
*An
agreement will be sought with Lam Tei Quarry for processing the surplus rock
for reuse in other projects during the detailed design stage.
6.7.9
Implementation of trip ticket system with reference to DEVB TC(W) No.
6/2010, Trip Ticket System for Disposal of Construction & Demolition
Materials, to monitor disposal of waste and to control fly-tipping at PFRFs or
landfills. Additionally, all dump trucks should be equipped with GPS or
equivalent system for the monitoring of their travel routings and parking
locations to prohibit illegal dumping and landfilling of C&D materials. A
recording system for the amount of waste generated, recycled and disposed
(including disposal sites) as well as travel routings and parking locations
should be proposed.
6.7.10
In addition to the above measures, other specific mitigation measures on
handling the C&D materials and materials generated from site formation and
demolition work are recommended as follow.
Sorting of C&D
Materials
6.7.11
Concerning the necessity of maximising reuse for the Project, it is
paramount for sorting to be performed to recover the inert materials, reusable
and recyclable materials before disposal off-site. All surplus C&D
materials arising from or in connection with the works shall become the property
of the Contractor when it is removed unless otherwise stated. The Contractor would
be responsible for devising a system to work for sorting of C&D materials
and promptly removing all sorted and processed materials arising from the
construction activities. The system should be included in the EMP, identifying
the source of generation, estimated quantity, arrangement for sorting,
collection, temporary storage areas (if any) and frequency of collection by
recycling Contractors or frequency of off-site removal. A Construction and
Demolition Material Management Plan (C&DMMP) should be prepared and
submitted together with EIA Report for PFC’s approval as required under Section
4.1.3 of the PAH.
6.7.12
It is recommended that specific areas should be provided by the
Contractors for sorting and to provide temporary storage areas (if required)
for the sorted materials. The materials could be segregated according to the
categories as shown below:-
·
Excavated
materials suitable for reuse on site;
·
Excavated
materials for delivery to PFRFs for beneficial reuse in other projects;
·
Surplus
rock to be recycled into aggregates and other rock products in the Lam Tei
Quarry; and
·
Non-inert
C&D materials for delivery to landfills.
Chemical Wastes
General Refuse
6.7.16
Table 6.6 provides a summary of the various waste types likely to
be generated during the construction activities for the Project, together with
the recommended handling and disposal methods.
Table 6.6 Summary
of Estimated Waste Arising and Recommended Arrangement
|
Waste
Materials Type
|
Generation
from Work Items
|
Materials
Generated
|
Total Quantity
Generated
|
Handling
Methods /Reuse
|
Destinations
|
|
C&D Materials
|
Excavated
materials from site formation works for tunnelling works including TBM and
drill & break tunnel and mechanical excavation, construction of adits, tunnel
associated buildings and structures (e.g. ventilation buildings and new
administration building etc.), demolition of existing buildings (e.g.
ventilation buildings, administration building, toll plaza etc.), slope
formation works, retaining works and road widening/ reconfiguration works
|
Inert
C&D materials –Rock and Soft Materials etc.
|
1,338,050
m3
|
· Segregation
from non-inert C&D materials during stockpiling and transportation
· Stockpile
area (if required) should be well managed with covers and water spraying
system
· Covered
conveyor belt to transfer tunnel spoil to stockpiling area for loading of
dump trucks
· 53,800
m3 of inert C&D material to be reused on-site
· Reused
in the Project, delivered to PFRFs for beneficial use in other projects or to
Lam Tei Quarry for recycle
|
· Lam
Tei Quarry
· PFRFs
|
|
Non-inert
C&D materials – Timber, Papers and Plastics etc.
|
107,044 m3
|
· Segregation
from inert C&D materials during stockpiling and transportation
· Reusable
materials should be separated and recycled as far as practicable
|
Designated
Landfill (i.e. South East New Territories (SENT) Landfill)
|
|
Chemical
Waste
|
Maintenance
and Operation of Equipment
|
Oils and
grease hydraulic fluids, paints, solvents, cleaners etc.
|
A few
cubic meters per month
|
· Store
in compatible containers in designated area on site
· To
be collected and recycled by licensed collectors
|
Chemical
Waste Treatment Centre at Tsing Yi or other licensed facilities
|
|
Building
Demolition
|
Asbestos
|
Subject to
building to be demolished
|
· Handled
by registered asbestos contractors
· Transported
by licenced waste collectors
|
Designated
landfill (i.e. West New Territories (WENT) landfill)
|
|
General
Refuse
|
Workforce
|
Food
waste, plastic aluminium cans, waste papers, etc.
|
325 kg/day
|
· Provide
on-site collection points together with recycling bins
· To
be collected and recycled by contracted collectors
|
Disposed
of at North East New Territories (NENT) Landfill
|
Operation Phase
6.7.17
As mentioned in Section 6.6.18 - 6.6.24,
the anticipated volume of waste generation in operation phase is insignificant.
Nevertheless, mitigation measures are recommended for the identified waste
types in order to minimise the potential impacts to the environment.
Screening, Grits and
Sludge
·
Screens
should be cleaned regularly to remove any accumulated organic debris;
·
Screening
and grit transfer systems should be flushed regularly with water to remove
organic debris and grit;
·
Grit
and screened materials should be transferred to closed containers;
·
Scum
and grease collection wells and troughs should be emptied and flushed regularly
to prevent putrefaction of accumulated organics;
·
Skim
and remove floating solids and grease from primary clarifiers regularly;
·
Frequent
sludge withdrawal from tanks is necessary to prevent the production of gases;
·
Sludge
trucks and containers should be washed thoroughly before leaving the new
administration building to avoid any odour nuisance during transportation; and
·
The
screenings & grits would be collected and disposed of at NENT Landfill by a
reputable waste collector, while sludge would be trucked away to the designated
DSD STW (e.g. Yuen Long STW) for collaborate treatment by a reputable licensed
waste collector. The disposal of screening & grits as well as sludge would
be carried out on a regular basis to reduce the potential pest, odour and
litter impacts.
Chemical Waste
General Refuse
Construction Phase
6.9.2
Waste materials generated during construction activities, such as
C&D materials, are recommended to be audited at regular intervals to ensure
that proper storage, transportation and disposal practices are implemented.
This measure ensures the proper disposal of waste. The Contractor would be
responsible for the implementation of any mitigation measures to minimize waste
or mitigate problems arisen from waste materials.
6.9.3
A WMP, as part of the EMP should be prepared in accordance with ETWB
TC(W) No.19/2005 and submitted to the Engineer for approval. The recommended
mitigation measures should form the basis of the WMP. The monitoring and
auditing requirement stated in ETWB TC(W) No.19/2005 should be followed with
regard to the management of C&D materials.
Operation Phase
6.9.4
It is expected that limited quantities of waste would be generated from
the operation of the Project and adverse environmental impacts would not be
anticipated with the implementation of good waste management practices. Waste
monitoring and audit programme for the operation phase of the Project is not
required.
6.10.1
C&D materials (from site formation works for tunnelling works,
excavation, construction of adits, tunnel associated buildings and structures
(e.g. ventilation buildings and new administration building etc.), demolition
of existing buildings, slope formation works, retaining works and road
widening/ reconfiguration works), general refuse (from workforce) and chemical
waste (from maintenance of equipment and potential asbestos waste from building
demolition) would be generated during the construction phase. Provided that
these wastes are handled, transported and re-use/disposed of in a proper manner
and that the recommended good site practices are strictly followed, adverse
environmental impacts in relation to hazard, air and odour emissions, noise,
wastewater discharge and public transport would not be expected.
6.10.2
Reduction measures have been recommended to minimise the amount of
materials generated in the Project. Approximately 1,338,050 m3 of
inert materials and 107,044 m3 of non-inert materials would be
generated during the construction phase of the Project. 53,800 m3
of inert material would be reused on site while the remaining 1,284,250 m3
of surplus C&D inert material would be recycled or transported to PFRFs for
beneficial reuse in other projects. Non-inert waste would be recycled as far
as possible before disposed to landfill. Opportunities in minimisation of
generation and maximisation of reuse would be continually investigated during
the detailed design and construction phases. The other materials that cannot
be reused or recycled would be disposed to designated outlets.
6.10.3
The main waste types generated during the operation of the Project would
be screening, grits and sludge (from the operation of on-site STP), general
refuse (from staff and office activities) and chemical waste (from maintenance
activities). Adverse impacts would not be anticipated if the mitigation
measures are strictly followed.