General
9.2.1
The assessment was carried out by referring to the following guidelines
and procedures:
·
Environmental
Impact Assessment Ordinance (EIAO) (Cap.499)
·
Technical
Memorandum on the Environmental Impact Assessment Process (EIAO-TM)
·
Antiquities
and Monuments Ordinance (A&MO) (Cap.53)
·
Guidelines
for Cultural Heritage Impact Assessment
·
Hong Kong
Planning Standards and Guidelines (HKPSG)
Environmental Impact Assessment Ordinance
(EIAO) and Technical Memorandum (EIAO-TM)
9.2.2
The EIAO was implemented on 1 April 1998. It aims to avoid, minimize
and control the adverse impacts on the environment of designated projects,
through the EIA process and the Environmental Permit (EP) system. The EIAO
stipulates that consideration must be given to issues associated with built
heritage and archaeology as part of the EIA process. Annexes 10 and 19 of
EIAO-TM provide general criteria and guidelines for evaluating the impacts to
sites of cultural heritage. Annex 19 provides the scope and methodology for
undertaking Cultural Heritage Impact Assessment, including baseline study,
impact assessment and mitigation measures.
Antiquities and
Monuments Ordinance (Cap.53)
9.2.3
The A&MO provides the statutory framework for the preservation of
objects of historical, archaeological and paleontological interest. The
Ordinance contains the statutory procedures for the Declaration of Monuments. A
monument can be a place, building, site or structure of historical,
archaeological or paleontological significance. Excavations, building works,
planting or removal of trees, demolition, removal, obstruction or inference in
or with a proposed monument or monument are prohibited except under permit. The
discovery of an antiquity must be reported to the Antiquities and Monuments
Office (AMO), or a designated person. No archaeological excavation can be
carried out by any person, other than the AMO and the designated person,
without a license issued by the AMO.
Guidelines for Cultural
Heritage Impact Assessment
9.2.4
The document outlines the technical requirements for conducting
terrestrial built heritage and archaeological impact assessments. A
comprehensive CHIA comprises of a baseline study including desk-top research
and field evaluation, and an impact assessment associated with appropriate
mitigation measures. The evaluation of impacts is based upon five levels of
significance, including beneficial impact, acceptable impact, acceptable impact
with mitigation measures, unacceptable impact and undermined impact. The latest Guideline for CHIA should be followed in the
Project.
Hong Kong Planning
Standards and Guidelines
9.2.5
Chapter 10 of HKPSG covers planning considerations relevant to
conservation. It states that conservation aims to protect Declared Monuments,
Historical Buildings, Sites of Archaeological Interest and other heritage items
including local activities, customs and traditions. Efforts should be made to
protect and preserve buildings of historical or architectural
merits either in their own right or as an integral part of a group or
series of buildings. It is encouraged that town planners should consult the
AMO for any land use or development which may impose impacts on a declared
monument or a historic building and its setting.
General
9.3.1
The assessment covers an area within 300m from the Project Boundary. The
scope of cultural heritage resources includes:
·
All
declared and proposed monuments;
·
All
buildings/ structures/ sites graded or proposed to be graded by the Antiquities
Advisory Board (AAB);
·
Government
historic sites identified by AMO;
·
Buildings/
structures/ sites of high architectural or historical significance which are
not included above;
·
AMO’s
list of Sites of Archaeological Interest (SAIs); and
·
Previous
related EIA studies and archaeological reports
Built Heritage
9.3.2
A baseline study including a desk-top research and a field visit was
undertaken to compile a comprehensive inventory of heritage sites within the
assessment area. The desk-top research was conducted based on the examination
on the following resources:
9.3.3
Features which fall within the scope of built heritage resources
include:
·
List of
Declared Monuments in Hong Kong issued by AMO;
·
List of
the 1,444 Historic Buildings with Assessment Results by the AAB –
|
Definition of
the Gradings
|
|
Grade 1
|
Buildings of
outstanding merit, which every effort should be made to preserve if possible.
|
|
Grade 2
|
Buildings of
special merit; efforts should be made to selectively preserve.
|
|
Grade 3
|
Buildings of
some merit; preservation in some form would be desirable and alternative
means should be considered if preservation is not practicable.
|
·
List of
new items for grading assessment with assessment results the AAB;
·
Government
Historic Sites Identified by AMO;
·
All
available literatures, including previous Built Heritage Impact Assessment
(BHIA), Archaeological Impact Assessment (AIA) and EIA Studies, related
publications on relevant historical issues, historical, cartographic and
pictorial documentations; and
·
Unpublished
archival papers and records, and collection and libraries of tertiary
institutions.
9.3.4
Based on the information of desk-top review, a site visit was conducted
in the study area to evaluate the current condition of the built heritage
resources and identify any additional heritage resources that were not covered
by the desk-based study within the assessment area.
9.3.5
The potential direct and indirect impacts that may affect the built
heritage resources were assessed by following the procedures and requirements
of Guidelines for CHIA (GCHIA) and Annexes 10 and 19 of the EIAO-TM. The
potential impacts are classified into five levels of significance
in accordance with GCHIA:
a)
Beneficial
impact:
the impact is beneficial if the Project will enhance the preservation of
the heritage site(s);
b)
Acceptable
impact:
if the assessment indicates that there will be no significant effects on
the heritage site(s);
c)
Acceptable
impact with mitigation measures: if there will be some adverse effects,
but these can be eliminated, reduced or offset to a large extent by
specific measures, such as conducting a follow-up Conservation Proposal
or Conservation Management Plan for the affected heritage site(s) before the
commencement of work in order to avoid any inappropriate and unnecessary
interventions to the buildings;
d)
Unacceptable
impact:
if the adverse effects are considered to be too excessive and are unable to
mitigate practically; and
e)
Undetermined
impact:
if the significant adverse effects are likely, but the extent to which
they may occur or may be mitigated cannot be determined from the HIA Study.
Further detailed study will be required for the specific effects in question.
Archaeology
9.3.6
A desk-top literature review and a field scanning were conducted to
identify and assess the potential existence of archaeological resources within
the assessment area. The desk-top review was conducted based on the review of
the following:
·
List of
Sites of Archaeological Interest (SAIs) in Hong Kong published by AMO (as at
Nov 2012);
·
Previous
related EIA studies and archaeological reports;
·
Relevant
archaeological and geographical monographs; and
·
Geological
and historical maps, aerial photos and relevant visual archives.
9.3.7
The potential direct and indirect archaeological impacts were assessed
by following the procedures and requirements of Guidelines for CHIA and Annexes
10 and 19 of the EIAO-TM.
Physical and
Geological Background
9.4.1
The Project Area is located at Sha Tin valley, to the south of Shing Mun
River, southwest of Tide Cove (also known as “Sha Tin Hoi”) and across
Lion Rock to Wong Tai Sin. The area is mainly formed of granite pluton. The
superficial deposits in the area generally include debris flow deposits on the
hilly ground, and alluvium in the main valleys[2].
Some narrow debris flow deposits were identified at the
foothill of Beacon Hill.
Historical
Background
9.4.2
Clues of human settlements in Hong Kong region can be found in historic
textual records such as Lushi Chunqiu (呂氏春秋)[4] and Hanshu (漢書)[5] written in the first
century BC to first century AD. These records describe that Yue (越) ethnic groups
scattered in southern China. During Qin Period (211-206 BC), the region was
subordinated to Panyu (番禺)
County. And later Hong Kong region had been subordinated to Xin’an (新安) County
since AD1573[6]
until AD1912 Xin’an was renamed to Bao’an (寶安) County.
9.4.3
Since the 9th century onwards, Pearl River delta was an important salt
production centre. Hong Kong was one of the salt production centers in Southern
Song Dynasty (AD 1127 -1279). Historic textual records Yudi Jisheng (輿地紀勝)
and Songhuiyao Jilu (宋會要輯錄)
describe smuggling related to salt production. Five major clans including the
Pangs, Lius, Haus, Mans and Tangs, settled in the New Territories in Southern
Song Dynasty[7].
During Ming Dynasty, Sha Tin was famous for production of fragrant wood (香木) as
recorded in Xin’an Gazetteer (新安縣誌)[8].
9.4.4
In 1661, the Coastal Evacuation Order (遷界令) was
implemented by the Qing government. People lived in the coastal area of Canton
including the New Territories, were forced to move 25 km inland. People were
allowed to move back to the New Territories in 1684 but the coastal population
severely dropped. Thus, Hakka people were encouraged to move to the New
Territories in the late 17th century. They developed villages at
the hillside and practiced agriculture. Sha Tin Kau Yeuk (九約,
“Alliance of Nine Villages”) was founded in late Qing Dynasty.
9.4.5
The villages of Sha Tin Kau Yeuk in vicinity of the Project
include Sha Tin Tau of Sha Tin Tau Yeuk (沙田頭約), as well as
Kak Tin and Shan Ha Wai (山廈圍)
of Kak Tin Yeuk (隔田約).
Sha Tin Tau was recorded as “Sha Tin” in the 1819 edition of the Xin’an
Gazetteer.
It is a Hakka village of multiple surnames. The ancestral halls of clans of
Lau, Lam, Chan and Lee were established in the village. On the other hand, Kak
Tin was one of the earliest villages established in Shatin
and was recorded in the 1688 edition of the Xin’an Gazetteer.
It is a single-surnamed Punti (本地)
village of the Tsang clan originated in Shandong.
The ancestor Tsang Nam-hin (曾南軒)
moved from Shipai (石排)
in Guangdong to Tai Wai and Tin Sam, and finally settled in Kak Tin by the
late Ming dynasty.
Shan Ha Wai, also known as Tsang Tai Uk, was a single-clan walled village
established by Tsang Koon-man (曾貫萬),
a Hakka from Wuhua (五華)
of Guangdong. He was a famous granite quarry contractor in late 19th
century.
He bought a piece of land from Kak Tin Village in 1848 and built Tsang Tai Uk
for his clansmen in 1867.
9.4.6
To alleviate the crowding problems in the urban areas of Hong Kong, the
Public Works Department prepared a comprehensive development scheme to propose
the development of a new town in Sha Tin in 1965. With the large scale of
reclamation along Tide Cove and Shing Mun River since the early 1970s, Sha Tin
developed into a New Town with the population over 500,000.
Lion Rock Tunnels
9.4.7
The current Lion Rock Tunnels were constructed in two phases in the
1960s and 1970s respectively. The first Lion Rock Tunnel was first considered
by the Waterworks Office of Public Works Department to provide an economical
route to transfer water from the Sha Tin filters of the Plover Cove Water
Supply Scheme to the urban areas of Kowloon. The drilling of tunnel commenced
in 1962 by Public Works Department and the laying of three water mains were
completed in 1965. The tunnel was then enlarged to provide a roadway between
Sha Tin and Kowloon. The road construction above the water mains commenced in
1965. The major construction method of the tunnel was drill and blast. The
tunnel was 1.4km long and its interior was concrete-lined. The portals of the
tunnel were in arched form with the facades decorated with coursed blue stone
facing the inscription of the name of the tunnel. An administration building
and two ventilation buildings at the two portals were built along with the
tunnels (60604728/R42b/Figures
9.2 to 9.4). The construction of the tunnel costed HK$22.17
million. The tunnel operated on 14 November 1967 and the 24th Governor
of Hong Kong Sir David Trench attended the opening ceremony.
9.4.8
The second Lion Rock Tunnel was constructed to the west along the first
tunnel in the 1970s by Public Works Department for transferring more water from
the Plover Cove reservoir and improving the traffic between the Sha Tin New Town
and Kowloon. The second tunnel was also constructed mainly by drill and
blast. The waterworks in the tunnel were completed in 1975 and the road works
completed in 1978. Similar to the first tunnel, the interior of the tunnel was
constructed with concrete-lining and the portals were decorated with masonry.
Two ventilation buildings were built at each of the portals and an additional
administration building was built (60604728/R42b/Figures
9.2 to 9.4). The administration building and ventilation buildings
are still in use at present. The toll plaza was also widened. The
construction of the tunnel costed HK$68 million. The second tunnel operated on
18 January 1978 and the 25th Governor of Hong Kong Sir Murray
MacLehose attended the opening ceremony.
Built Heritage
9.5.1
Four listed built heritage resources were identified within 300m from
the Project Boundary. Ex Kowloon-Canton Railway Beacon Hill Tunnel (Government
Historic Site) is located approximately at 90m from the Project Boundary. A
Grade 1 Historic Building, a Grade 2 Historic Building and a Grade 3 Historic
Building are located approximately at 160m to 280m from the Project Boundary.
9.5.2
Furthermore, the first and second Lion rock tunnels, and seven associated
buildings and structures are located within the Project Boundary. Twelve
non-graded buildings are identified within the 300m assessment area as well.
9.5.3
The identified built heritage and non-graded buildings are summarized in
Table 9.1. Their indicative locations are presented in 60604728/R42b/Figure
9.1 to 9.6. The photos of the built heritage and non-graded
buildings are presented in Appendix
9.1.
Ex Kowloon-Canton Railway Beacon Hill Tunnel
(Government Historic Site)
9.5.4
The Ex Kowloon-Canton Railway Beacon Hill Tunnel (hereinafter as “Ex
Beacon Hill Tunnel”) was first constructed in 1906 and opened in 1910[20] (Plate 9.1 of Appendix 9.1). It is
a single lane tunnel of standard gauge, located between Kowloon Tong and Tai
Wai stations of MTR East Rail line. It has been the major route between the
New Territories and Kowloon since then, where freight and passengers can swiftly
move along by train. The portals at two ends of the tunnel were constructed of
granite ashlar and the original internal walls of the tunnel were built with
brick lining. The Ex Beacon Hill Tunnel was disused in 1980s. Concrete
lining, gas pipelines and some auxiliary systems, such as lighting, gas
detectors, etc. were then installed along the Ex Beacon Hill Tunnel by The Hong
Kong and China Gas Company Limited after its disuse[21]. The Ex Beacon Hill Tunnel’s entrance
and the surroundings currently have restricted access.
Lau Ancestral Hall (Grade 3)
9.5.5
Sha Tin Tau was a Hakka village formed by families of various surnames,
including the Chans (陳),
the Laws (羅),
the Lams (林),
the Yips (葉),
the Laus (劉),
the Lees (李),
the Yeungs (楊)
and the Fungs (馮).
The Lau Ancestral Hall (Plate 9.2 of Appendix 9.1) was
built before 1900.
Dim Dang (點燈)
ritual and wedding ceremonies were held at the hall. The ancestral hall is
still used for ancestral worship.
9.5.6
It is a Qing vernacular building of two-hall-one-courtyard layout. The
open courtyard is situated in between the entrance hall and the main hall. It
is constructed of green bricks. The Chinese tiled roof is supported on timber
purlins. The name of the building (劉氏家祠)
is engraved on the granite lintel on top of the main entrance. The internal
walls are plastered and floors are paved with cement. The altar occupies the
end wall of the main hall with a soul tablet of the Lau ancestors.
Tsang Tai Uk (Grade 1)
9.5.7
Tsang Tai Uk, also named as Shan Ha Wai, was built by Tsang Koon-man (曾貫萬),
who was a famous granite quarry contractor in late 19th century. Tsang was a
Hakka originated from Wuhua (五華)
of Guangdong[23].
The construction of Tsang Tai Uk was started in 1847 and completed in 1867. He
built the village and accommodated around 100 residential units for his family
and descendents[24].
9.5.8
Tsang Tai Uk is a typical Hakka three-hall-four-row (三堂四横)
walled village (Plate 9.3 of Appendix
9.1). It is in a Qing vernacular design having a symmetrical layout
with the main entrance, entrance hall, middle hall and main hall at the central
axis. Two wells are located at the open space in between the entrances and the
entrance hall. The village is mainly built of bluish bricks and the pitched
roofs of clay tiles. The walls and the rows of houses are with two storeys. Each
of the four corners of the walls is built with a three-storeys watch tower
(Plate 9.4 of Appendix 9.1).
Each watch tower is built with wok yee (鑊耳) gable walls. There are three arched
entrances to the village. The main entrance doorway is built with a cockloft
supported on timber purlins. The ancestral hall of the Tsangs is located in
the middle of the village (Plate 9.5 of Appendix 9.1). It is
a three-hall-one-bay layout with two courtyards. The upper part of the
entrance hall is built of bluish bricks, and the lower part is built of granite
blocks. The roof with glazed tiles is supported on granite columns, timber
purlins and rafters. The fascia board and chenggong is decorated with
flowers and birds motif (Plate 9.6 of Appendix 9.1). The
entrance is framed in granite with the granite lintel engraved with Chinese
characters “祥徵萬福”.
A plaque written Tai Fu Tai (Chief Official Mansion “大夫第”) is hung
above the lintel.
High Rock Christian Camp (Grade
2)
9.5.9
The building was originally constructed as a police office around 1924
to replace that in Yuen Chau Kok.
It was taken over by the Japanese army during Japanese Occupation (Dec. 1941 -
Aug. 1945) as a command office. The building was reused by the Mennonite
Central Committee as a hostel for children who had contact with tuberculosis at
homes but were yet free from infection. The building was rented to a
missionary, Miss Mildred Dibden, to set up Shatin Babies Home in 1953 for the
abandoned children. The building was used as the Shatin High Rock Christian
School in the 1960s. Since 1980, the building was used by Stewards (HK) Ltd to
provide campsite service for the youth.
9.5.10
The building is with a L-shaped layout enclosing the playground in the
middle (Plate 9.7 of Appendix
9.1). The design of the building is simple and functional, at the same
time demonstrating both Western and Chinese influences. It is mainly
constructed of red bricks. The facades facing the playground is believed to be
the parts of the earliest construction, with wooden framed windows and
verandahs supporting tiled roofs identified. A pitched Chinese tiled roof with
chimneys is built on the North and West blocks respectively.
Lion Rock Tunnels
9.5.11
The two 1.4km long Lion Rock Tunnels with associated toll plaza,
administrative buildings and ventilation buildings have been in use since its
construction in the two phases, 1960s and 1970s respectively (60604728/R42b/Figures
9.2 to 9.4). Two commemorative plaques were installed in the
two administration buildings respectively, which showed the opening date of the
two tunnels by the two governors (Plates 9.17 and 9.19 of Appendix 9.1).
Buildings/structures within the
assessment area that is included in this CHIA
9.5.12
Twelve buildings/structures with no listing by the Antiquities Authority
have been included in this assessment (Table 9.1, and Plate No. 9.21
to 9.31 in Appendix
9.1 refer). The criteria is based on either they are “pre-1969 buildings/structures”
or as advised, both criteria are recommended by the Antiquities Authority.
9.5.13
After review, these buildings / structures do not contain high cultural
heritage significance. All of them contain no distinctive architectural
features that made them become the representable ones (NB10 and NB11), nor do they
have architectural virtuosity on the appearance that is unique or of rare
quality (NB12 to NB21). Moreover, these buildings/structures do not have group
significance with other local built heritage resource. On the other hand,
there lack any significant historic events happened in relations to these
buildings/structures.
9.5.14
Nevertheless, impact assessment includes these twelve buildings based on
the rationale that are old.
Table 9.1 Summary
of the Built Heritage Resources within Assessment Area
|
Ref No.
|
Built Heritage
|
Historic Building Grading
|
Approximate Distance from the
Project Boundary
|
|
Listed
Buildings
|
|
GH10
|
Ex Kowloon-Canton
Railway Beacon Hill Tunnel
|
Government
Historic Site
|
90m
|
|
HB968
|
Lau Ancestral Hall
(Sha Tin Tau)
|
Grade 3
|
160m
|
|
HB1
|
Tsang Tai Uk
|
Grade 1
|
215m
|
|
HB563
|
High Rock Christian
Camp
|
Grade 2
|
280m
|
|
Non-graded
Buildings and Structures
|
|
NB1
|
First Lion Rock Tunnel
|
No grade
accorded
|
Within
Project boundary
|
|
NB2
|
Second Lion Rock
Tunnel
|
Within
Project boundary
|
|
NB3
|
Ventilation Building
of First Lion Rock Tunnel (Sha Tin Portal)
|
Within
Project boundary
|
|
NB4
|
Ventilation Building
of First Lion Rock Tunnel (Kowloon Portal)
|
Within
Project boundary
|
|
NB5
|
Ventilation Building
of Second Lion Rock Tunnel (Sha Tin Portal)
|
Within
Project boundary
|
|
NB6
|
Ventilation Building
of Second Lion Rock Tunnel (Kowloon Portal)
|
Within
Project boundary
|
|
NB7
|
Old administration
building of Lion Rock Tunnel
|
Within
Project boundary
|
|
NB8
|
New administration
building of Lion Rock Tunnel
|
Within
Project boundary
|
|
NB9
|
Toll plaza of Lion
Rock Tunnel
|
Within
Project boundary
|
|
NB10
|
20 Sha Tin Tau
|
180m
|
|
NB11
|
21 Sha Tin Tau
|
180m
|
|
NB12
|
25 and 25A Sha Tin Tau
|
170m
|
|
NB13
|
27 Sha Tin Tau
|
170m
|
|
NB14
|
Lam
Ancestral Hall, 35 Sha Tin Tau
|
170m
|
|
NB15
|
Chan Ancestral Hall,
44 Sha Tin Tau
|
160m
|
|
NB16
|
47-49 Sha Tin Tau
|
160m
|
|
NB17
|
Lion Rock Valve House
|
Within
Project boundary
|
|
NB18
|
Lion Rock High Level
No.1 Primary Service Reservoir
|
15m
|
|
NB19
|
Lion Rock Low Level
Primary Service Reservoir
|
2m
|
|
NB20
|
Radio Television Hong
Kong Broadcasting House
|
85m
|
|
NB21
|
Ho Sin Hang Campus,
Hong Kong Baptist University
|
170m
|
Archaeology
9.5.15
No SAIs are identified within the assessment area. The Project Site is
mostly located at existing roads and tunnels. Any possible archaeological
resources within the Project Site had been destroyed when construction of the
Lion Rock Tunnel and Lion Rock Tunnel Road.
9.5.16
Although arable lands in the assessment area before the development of
Sha Tin New Town might have archaeological potential, the area had been
modified and transformed into an urban landscape during since the 1970s. Such
landforms in the assessment area have been modified with modern fill lands for
high-rise buildings and new road networks, such as Lion Rock Tunnel Road and
Sha Tin Road. In the Kowloon side, some narrow debris flow deposits were
identified at the foothill of Lion Rock within the assessment area. Such
landform is mostly located on steep slope or urban landscape, such as roads,
tunnels and service reservoirs, which is not favourable for archaeological
deposits.
9.5.17
The natural terrain of the assessment area has been largely modified and the potential archaeological
resources may have been removed or seriously disturbed. The archaeological
potential of the assessment area is negligible. Thus, Archaeological Impact
Assessment is not required.
Construction Phase
Built Heritage
9.6.1
The Ex Kowloon-Canton Railway Beacon Hill Tunnel (Government Historic
Site) is located approximately at 90m from the Project Boundary. The tube of the
Ex Beacon Hill Tunnel has been largely altered, for which the original internal
brick walls have been concrete-lined. Due to the considerable distance from
the Project Site, no direct impact would be anticipated on Ex Beacon Hill
Tunnel during the construction phase. Indirect impacts of ground-borne vibration,
settlement and tilting would be anticipated on the Ex Beacon Hill Tunnel during
the construction phase.
9.6.2
Lau Ancestral Hall (Sha Tin Tau) (Grade 3), Tsang Tai Uk (Grade 1) and
High Rock Christian Camp (Grade 2) are situated approximately at 160m to 280m
from the Project Boundary. In view of a considerable distance from the Project
Site, no adverse impact would be anticipated on these historic buildings during
the construction phase.
9.6.3
The first Lion Rock Tunnel will be subjected to expansion during the
construction phase, while the second Lion Rock Tunnel will undergo
refurbishment. It is anticipated that the first tunnel will undergo significant
widening and alternations, while the second tunnel would be minor.
9.6.4
Moreover, most of the associated buildings of the Lion Rock on both
sides of the portals (NB-9) will be demolished to make way for the proposed
third tunnel in between the existing two tunnels.
9.6.5
The twelve non-graded buildings within the assessment area do not contain
high cultural heritage significance (Section 9.5.12 to 9.5.14 refer). As NB10
to NB16 and NB21 are over 100m away from the proposed works area, no impact is
anticipated due to considerable distance from the Project Site. On the other
hand, NB17 is located within the project boundary but no works is planned to
demolish, alter or modify this structure, while NB18 to NB20 are located within
100m away from the proposed works area. Hence, indirect impacts of
ground-borne vibration, settlement and tilting would be anticipated to NB17 to
NB20 during the construction phase.
9.6.6
The assessment of impacts to the built heritage from the Project during
construction phase is summarized in Table 9.2.
Table 9.2 Assessment of Impacts
of Built Heritage Resources
|
Ref No.
|
Built
Heritage Resources
|
Approximate
Distance from the Site Boundary
|
Impact
Assessment
|
Levels of
Significance of Impact
|
|
GH10
|
Ex
Kowloon-Canton Railway Beacon Hill Tunnel
|
90m
|
No direct impact would be anticipated.
Indirect impacts of ground-borne vibration,
settlement and tilting would be anticipated during the construction phase.
|
Acceptable impact with
mitigation measures
|
|
HB968
|
Lau
Ancestral Hall (Sha Tin Tau)
|
160m
|
Located at a considerable distance from the
proposed construction works, no impact would be anticipated.
|
No impact
|
|
HB1
|
Tsang Tai
Uk
|
215m
|
|
HB563
|
High Rock
Christian Camp
|
280m
|
|
NB1-2
|
First and
Second Lion Rock Tunnels
|
Within
Project Boundary
|
The first tunnel will be subjected to
expansion and the second tunnel will undergo refurbishment. Direct impact
would be anticipated to the two tunnels during the construction phase.
|
Acceptable impact with
mitigation measures
|
|
NB3-9
|
Associated
buildings of Lion Rock Tunnels
|
Within
Project Boundary
|
Most of the associated buildings of the Lion
Rock Tunnel on both sides of the portals will be demolished for construction
of the proposed third tunnel which is located between the existing two
tunnels
|
Acceptable impact with
mitigation measures
|
|
NB10-16, NB21
|
20 Sha Tin
Tau, 21 Sha Tin Tau, 25 and 25A Sha Tin Tau, 27 Sha Tin Tau, Lam Ancestral
Hall, 35 Sha Tin Tau, Chan Ancestral Hall, 44 Sha Tin Tau, 47-49 Sha Tin Tau,
Ho Sin Hang Campus, Hong Kong Baptist University
|
Within 300m
assessment area
|
The buildings do not contain high cultural
heritage significance. No impact anticipated during construction and
operational phase.
|
No impact anticipated
|
|
NB17
|
Lion Rock
Valve House
|
Within
project boundary
|
The building does not contains high cultural
heritage significance. Indirect impacts of ground-borne vibration,
settlement and tilting would be anticipated during the construction phase.
|
Acceptable impact with
mitigation measures
|
|
NB18-20
|
Lion Rock
High Level No.1 Primary Service Reservoir, Lion Rock Low Level Primary
Service Reservoir, Radio Television Hong Kong Broadcasting House
|
Within 100m
from the project boundary
|
The buildings do not contain high cultural
heritage significance. Indirect impacts of ground-borne vibration,
settlement and tilting would be anticipated during the construction phase.
|
Acceptable impact with
mitigation measures
|
Archaeology
Operational Phase
Built Heritage
9.6.8
Ex Kowloon Canton Railway Beacon Hill Tunnel (Government Historic Site),
Lau Ancestral Hall (Sha Tin Tau) (Grade 3), Tsang Tai Uk (Grade 1) and High
Rock Christian Camp (Grade 2) are located at substantial distance from the Project
Site. Thus, no adverse impact would be anticipated during the operational
phase.
Archaeology
9.6.9
No archaeological impact would be anticipated during the operational
phase.
Construction Phase
Built Heritage
9.7.1
Pre and post condition survey of Ex Kowloon
Canton Railway Beacon Hill Tunnel (Government Historic Site) should be
conducted by professional qualified building surveyor or engineer before and
after the construction works respectively. The survey results shall be
submitted to AMO for record. Protective measures shall be provided to the built
heritage subject to the results of the pre-condition survey. Post-condition
survey should be conducted after the construction works to identify any damages
that have occurred or caused by the construction. If damages to the four built
heritage are identified, AMO shall be informed immediately.
9.7.2
Monitoring of vibration, settlement and tilting incorporated with a set
of Alert, Alarm and Action (AAA) system shall be employed for Ex Beacon Hill
Tunnel (Government Historic Site) during the construction phase, measuring
inside the tunnel tube at locations closest to the proposed construction works.
If the alert level is exceeded, the monitoring frequency should be increased. If
the alarm level is exceeded, the design of the construction may need to be
amended. If the action level is exceeded, all works should be stopped. The
proposed AAA limiting criteria are presented in Table
9.3. The actual limiting criteria should be further agreed with the
AMO. A monitoring proposal, including type and frequency of monitoring,
distribution of monitoring points and proposed actions to be taken when
reaching respective monitoring limits, should be submitted to AMO for agreement
before the commencement of works. Prior agreement and consent should be sought
from the owner(s), stakeholder(s) and relevant Government department(s) for the
installation of monitoring points on the built heritage before the commencement
of works. Installation of monitoring
checkpoints shall be carried out in great care and adequate protection shall be
provided so as to avoid unnecessary disturbance/ damage to nearby historic
fabrics. Photo records of monitoring checkpoints shall be submitted upon
installation for AMO's record. Record of
monitoring should be submitted regularly to AMO during the construction. AMO
should be alerted in case any irregularities are observed.
Table 9.3 Proposed
AAA Limiting Criteria for Vibration, Settlement and Tilting Level Monitoring
during Construction
|
Alert,
Alarm and Action (AAA) Values
|
|
Vibration
|
Settlement
|
Tilting
|
|
5/6/7.5 mm/s
|
6/8/10 mm
|
1/2000, 1/1500,
1/1000
|
9.7.3
No mitigation measure would be required for the Lau Ancestral Hall (Sha
Tin Tau) (Grade 3), Tsang Tai Uk (Grade 1) and High Rock Christian Camp (Grade
2).
9.7.4
As the first Lion Rock Tunnel would be expanded, destruction of the
portals would be imminent. The second Lion Rock Tunnel will undergo
refurbishment. It is suggested that fonts on both sides of the portals of the
two tunnels, namely “Lion Rock Tunnel 獅子山隧道”
and “Second Lion Rock Tunnel 第二獅子山隧道”,
should be kept or replicated and placed on similar position as
the current setting.
9.7.6
No impact is anticipated to NB10 to NB16 and NB21identified within the
300m assessment area due to considerable distance from proposed works. Hence,
no mitigation measure is required to be carried out on these buildings from the
point of view of cultural heritage.
9.7.7
Monitoring of vibration, settlement and tilting incorporated with a set
of Alert, Alarm and Action (AAA) system shall be employed for NB17 to NB20 in
the same fashion as the Ex Beacon Hill Tunnel (Section9.7.2 above).
9.7.8
The mitigation measures of the built heritage are summarized in Table 9.4.
Table 9.4 Summary
of Mitigation Measures of Built Heritage Resources
|
Ref No.
|
Built
Heritage Resources
|
Mitigation
Measures
|
|
GH10
|
Ex Kowloon-Canton
Railway Beacon Hill Tunnel
|
· Pre and
post condition survey
· Monitoring of vibration, settlement and tilting incorporating with 3As system
· Monitoring proposal
·
Photo
records of monitoring checkpoints
· Monitoring records
· Alert AMO if the monitoring reach 3As levels
|
|
HB968
|
Lau
Ancestral Hall (Sha Tin Tau)
|
·
No
impact anticipated, and no mitigation measure would be required
|
|
HB1
|
Tsang Tai
Uk
|
|
HB563
|
High Rock
Christian Camp
|
|
NB1-2
|
First and
Second Lion Rock Tunnels
|
·
Fonts
on both sides of the portals of the two tunnels should be kept or replicated
and placed on similar position as the current setting
·
Detailed
photographic recording
|
|
NB3-9
|
Associated
buildings of Lion Rock Tunnels
|
·
Colour
scheme of the buildings could be adopted to the new administrative buildings
·
Commemorative
plaques should be kept at prominent position at the proposed administrative
buildings
·
Detailed
cartographic and photographic recording before construction phase
|
|
NB10-16, 21
|
20 Sha Tin
Tau, 21 Sha Tin Tau, 25 and 25A Sha Tin Tau, 27 Sha Tin Tau, Lam Ancestral
Hall, 35 Sha Tin Tau, Chan Ancestral Hall, 44 Sha Tin Tau, 47-49 Sha Tin Tau,
Ho Sin Hang Campus, Hong Kong Baptist University
|
·
No
impact anticipated, and no mitigation measure would be required
|
|
NB17
|
Lion Rock
Valve House
|
· Monitoring of vibration, settlement and tilting incorporating with 3As system
· Monitoring proposal
·
Photo
records of monitoring checkpoints
· Monitoring records
·
Alert AMO if the monitoring reach 3As levels
|
|
NB18-20
|
Lion Rock
High Level No.1 Primary Service Reservoir, Lion Rock Low Level Primary
Service Reservoir, Radio Television Hong Kong Broadcasting House
|
· Monitoring of vibration, settlement and tilting incorporating with 3As system
· Monitoring proposal
·
Photo
records of monitoring checkpoints
· Monitoring records
·
Alert AMO if the monitoring reach 3As levels
|
Archaeology
9.7.9
No archaeological impact would be anticipated, and thus, no mitigation
measure would be required. As a precautionary measure, AMO should be informed
immediately in case of discovery of antiquities or supposed antiquities in the
course of works, so that appropriate mitigation measures, if needed, can be
timely formulated and implemented in agreement with AMO.
Operational Phase
Built Heritage and Archaeology
9.7.10
No adverse impact would be anticipated, and thus, no mitigation measure
would be required.
9.8.1
Pre and post condition survey of Ex Kowloon Canton Railway Beacon Hill
Tunnel (Government Historic Site) should be conducted by professional qualified
building surveyor or engineer before and after the construction works
respectively. The survey results shall be submitted to AMO for record.
9.8.2
Monitoring of vibration, settlement and tilting incorporated with a set
of AAA system shall be employed for Ex Beacon Hill Tunnel (Government Historic
Site) during the construction phase, measuring inside the tunnel tube at
locations closest to the proposed construction works. The proposed AAA
limiting criteria are presented in Table 9.3. The actual limiting
criteria should be further agreed with the AMO. A monitoring proposal,
including type and frequency of monitoring, distribution of monitoring points
and proposed actions to be taken when reaching respective monitoring limits,
should be submitted to AMO for agreement before commencement of construction works.
Prior agreement and consent should be sought from the owner(s), stakeholder(s)
and relevant government department(s) for the installation of monitoring points
on the built heritage before the commencement of construction works. Installation of monitoring checkpoints shall be
carried out in great care and adequate protection shall be provided so as to
avoid unnecessary disturbance/ damage to nearby historic fabrics. Record
of monitoring should be submitted regularly to AMO during the construction
phase. AMO should be alerted in case any irregularities are observed.
9.8.3
It is suggested that fonts on both sides of the portals of the two
tunnels, namely “Lion Rock Tunnel 獅子山隧道”
and “Second Lion Rock Tunnel 第二獅子山隧道”,
should be kept or replicated and placed on similar position as
the current setting. The colour scheme of associated buildings is
suggested to be adopted to the new administrative buildings in order to
maintain the original sentiment. Moreover, the two commemorative plaques
marking the opening ceremony of the tunnel should be kept at prominent position
at the new administrative buildings visible to all guests.
9.8.4
Detailed photographic recording on the Lion Rock Tunnel and its
associated buildings (both exterior and interior) should be conducted before
any works to commence. A copy of the photographic documentation should be
provided to AMO for record.
9.9.1
Ex Kowloon Canton Railway Beacon Hill Tunnel (Government Historic Site)
is located approximately at 90m from the Project Boundary. No direct impact
would be anticipated on Ex Beacon Hill Tunnel but indirect impacts including
ground-borne vibration, tilting and settlement, would be anticipated during the
construction phase. Pre and post condition survey of Ex Beacon Hill Tunnel
(Government Historic Site) should be conducted by professional qualified
building surveyor or engineer. Monitoring of vibration, settlement and tilting
incorporated with a set of AAA system shall be employed for the Ex Beacon Hill
Tunnel during the construction phase, measuring inside the tunnel tube at
locations closest to the proposed construction works. A monitoring proposal
should be submitted to AMO for agreement before the commencement of construction
works.
9.9.2
Lau Ancestral Hall (Sha Tin Tau) (Grade 3), Tsang Tai Uk (Grade 1) and
High Rock Christian Camp (Grade 2) are located at substantial distance from the
Project Site. No adverse impact would be anticipated on these historic
buildings during the construction phase.
9.9.3
The first lion rock tunnel will be subjected to expansion during the
construction phase, while the second lion rock tunnel will undergo refurbishment.
It is suggested that fonts on both sides of the portals of the two tunnels should be kept or replicated and placed on similar position as the
current setting. Colour scheme of the associated buildings of the
tunnels is suggested to be adopted to the new administrative buildings.
Moreover, the two commemorative plaques marking the opening ceremony of the
tunnel should be kept at prominent position at the new administrative buildings
visible to all guests. Detailed cartographic and photographic recording on the
Lion Rock Tunnel and its associated buildings (both exterior and interior)
should be conducted before any works to commence. A copy of the cartographic
and photographic documentation should be provided to AMO for record. Eight other non-graded buildings (NB10-16 and NB21)
identified within the 300m assessment area are over 100m away from the proposed
works area, no impact is anticipated due to considerable distance from the
Project Site and no mitigation measure is required for these buildings.
9.9.4
No direct impact is anticipated to NB17 that locates within the proposed
works area. Indirect impacts including ground-borne vibration, tilting and
settlement, would be anticipated during the construction phase for NB17 to
NB20. Monitoring of vibration, settlement and tilting incorporated with a set
of AAA system shall be employed to NB17 to NB20 in the same manner as the Ex
Beacon Hill Tunnel during the construction phase.
9.9.5
The archaeological potential in the assessment area is negligible. No
archaeological impact would be anticipated during the construction phase of the
Project. No adverse impact would be anticipated on both built heritages and
archaeology during the operational phase. As a precautionary measure, AMO
should be informed immediately in case of discovery of antiquities or supposed
antiquities in the course of works, so that appropriate mitigation measures, if
needed, can be timely formulated and implemented in agreement with AMO.
Antiquities
Advisory Board. (2020). Historic Building Appraisal – High Rock Christian Camp.
http://www.aab.gov.hk/historicbuilding/en/563_Appraisal_En.pdf.
Antiquities
Advisory Board. (2020). Historic Building Appraisal – Lau Ancestral Hall.
http://www.aab.gov.hk/historicbuilding/en/968_Appraisal_En.pdf.
Antiquities
Advisory Board. (2020). Historic Building Appraisal – Tsang Tai Uk.
http://www.aab.gov.hk/historicbuilding/en/1_Appraisal_En.pdf.
Chung
Po Yin and Ko Tim Keung. (2012). A Research on Lung Tsun Stone Bridge and its
surrounding area.
Civil
Engineering and Development Department. (2011). Catalogue of Hong Kong Tunnels
(up to February 2019). https://www.cedd.gov.hk/filemanager/eng/content_446/hktunnel_cat.pdf.
Geotechnical
Control Office. (1986). Hong Kong Geological Survey Memoir No.1: Geology of Sha
Tin. Civil Engineering Services Department. Hong Kong.
Geotechnical
Control Office. (1986). Hong Kong Geological Survey Memoir No. 2: Geology of
Hong Kong Island and Kowloon. Civil Engineering Services Department. Hong Kong.
Highways
Office, Public Works Department. (1978). Second Lion Rock Tunnel. The Government Printer,
Hong Kong.
Hong
Kong and China Gas Company Ltd. (2011). Project Profile for Installation of 500mm
NB Gas Pipelines inside the Existing Disused Tunnel (Old Beacon Hill Tunnel).
Public
Works Department. (1967). Lion
Rock Tunnel: Commemorative Booklet on the Opening of the Tunnel by His
Excellency the Governor Sir David Trench, K.C.M.G., M.C. The Government Printer,
Hong Kong.
Waterworks
Office, Public Works Department. (1972). H.I.W.S. Construction of Second Lion
Rock Tunnel and Mainlaying: Tunnel Portal – General Arrangement, W7185/6C. Hong Kong Government.
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