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Subject
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Convention
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Global
Climate Change |
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United
Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),
1992 and the Kyoto Protocol
(The UNFCCC and the Kyoto Protocol were extended to the
HKSAR from May 2003) |
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To
achieve stabilization of atmospheric concentrations of
greenhouse gases at levels that would prevent dangerous
anthropogenic (human-induced) interference with the climate
system.
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Ozone
Layer Protection |
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Vienna
Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer, 1985,
as supplemented by Protocol in 1987 (amended in 1990 and
1992). |
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To
protect the ozone layer by taking precautionary measures
to regulate and control global emissions of ozone depleting
substances so as to protect human health and the environment
from harmful effects. Amendments have been made from time
to time to adjust the timetable for reducing consumption
and production of the substances that deplete the ozone
layer.
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Conservation |
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International
Convention for the Regulation of Whaling, 1946, as amended
in 1956.
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To
achieve the optimum level of whale stocks as rapidly as
possible without causing wide-spread economic and nutritional
distress and to establish a system of international regulation
to ensure proper and effective conservation and development
of whale stocks and thus make possible the orderly development
of the whaling industry.
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Plant
Protection Agreement for the Asia and Pacific Region,
1956, as amended in 1967, 1979 and 1983 (Article 1(a)
only).
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To
prevent the introduction into and spread within Asia and
Pacific Region of destructive plant diseases and pests
by collective international action.
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Convention
on Wetlands of International Importance especially as
Waterfowl Habitat, 1971, as amended in 1982.
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To
halt encroachment into and progressive loss of wetlands
now and in the future, taking into account the fundamental
ecological functions of wetlands and their economic, cultural,
scientific and recreational values.
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Conservation
Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural
Heritage, 1972.
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To
establish an effective system of collective protection
of the cultural and natural heritage of outstanding universal
value, organised on a permanent basis and in accordance
with modern scientific methods.
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Convention
on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna
and Flora, 1973, as amended in 1979.
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To
protect specific endangered species from over- exploitation
through a system of import and export permits.
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Convention
on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals,
1979.
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To
take action to protect the migratory species of wild animals
whenever possible and appropriate.
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Hazardous
Wastes |
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Basel
Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of
Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal, 1989.
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To
set up obligations for State Parties with a view to:
(a)
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reduce
the production and transboundary movements of hazardous
wastes to a minimum and ensure the environmentally
sound and efficient management of such wastes;
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(b)
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minimise
the amount and toxicity of hazardous wastes generated
and to ensure their environmentally sound management
to dispose of hazardous wastes as close to the source
of generation as possible, and to reduce transboundary
movement of hazardous wastes;
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(c)
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assist
developing countries in the environmentally sound
management of hazardous and other wastes they generate;
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(d)
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establish
a monitoring system from point of production to
point of disposal; and
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(e)
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regulate
exports and imports of hazardous wastes by enforcing
the requirement to obtain official consent from
the importing country.
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Marine
Pollution |
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International
Convention relating to Intervention on the High Seas in
Cases of Oil Pollution Casualties, 1969, as supplemented
in 1973 and as amended in 1991 and 1996.
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To
adopt measures of an exceptional character to protect
the interests of the people from the grave consequences
of a maritime casualty on the high seas resulting from
oil pollution of sea and coastlines.
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Protocol
of 1992 to amend the International Convention on Civil
Liability for Oil Pollution Damage, 1992, as amended in
2000.
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To
adopt uniform international rules and procedures for determining
questions of liability and providing adequate compensation
for those who suffer damage caused by pollution resulting
from the escape or discharge of oil from ships.
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Protocol
of 1992 to amend the International Convention on the Establishment
of an International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution
Damage, 1992, as amended in 2000.
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To
establish a fund for providing compensation to persons
who suffer damage caused by pollution resulting from the
escape or discharge of oil from ships, beyond that provided
by the International Convention on Civil Liability for
Oil Pollution Damage, 1992;
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International
Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships,
1973, as modified and supplemented in 1978 (excluding
Annex IV), as amended in 1984, 1985, 1987, 1989, 1990,
1991, 1992, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997,1999, 2000 and 2001.
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To
prevent pollution of the marine environment from discharge
of harmful substances or effluents from ships. The Protocol
of 1978 recognises the need to further prevent and control
marine pollution from ships, in particular, oil tankers.
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Convention
on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes
and Other Matter, 1972, as amended in 1978 (Incineration),
1980, 1989 and 1993.
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To
control marine pollution resulting from dumping operations
and to encourage regional agreements to complement the
existing Convention, and to improve protection of the
marine environment.
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International
Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and
Co-operation, 1990.
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To
establish measures in dealing with oil pollution incidents
and to provide international co-operation in response
to such incidents.
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