Appendix
B
Basic
tables
A. Hospital Admissions
Data:
Table
A1: List of HA hospitals included in the study
|
Hospital |
Information
system* |
Whether
A&E |
| 1. |
Kong
Wah Hospital (KWH) |
MRAS |
Yes |
| 2. |
Our
Lady of Maryknoll Hospital (OLM) |
IPAS |
No |
| 3. |
Princess
Margaret Hospital (PMH) |
IPAS/MRAS |
Yes |
| 4. |
Pok
Oi Hospital (POH) |
IPAS |
Yes |
| 5. |
Prince
of Wales Hospital (PWH) |
MRAS |
Yes |
| 6. |
Pamela
Youde Nethersole Hospital (PYN) |
MRAS |
Yes |
| 7. |
Queen
Elizabeth Hospital (QEH) |
MRAS |
Yes |
| 8. |
Queen
Mary Hospital (QMH) |
IPAS/MRAS |
Yes |
| 9. |
Ruttonjee
Hospital (RH) |
MRAS |
No |
| 10. |
Tuen
Mun Hospital (TMH) |
MRAS |
Yes |
| 11. |
United
Christian Hospital (UCH) |
MRAS |
Yes |
| 12. |
Yan
Chai Hospital (YCH) |
IPAS/MRAS |
Yes |
* IPAS
- Integrated Patient Administrative System
MRAS
- Medical Records Abstracting System
Table
A2.1: Number of hospital admissions by disease groups
| Disease
groups |
1995
|
1996
|
1997
|
1998*
|
| I. |
Diseases
of the Circulatory System (ICD9 390-459): |
|
|
|
|
| |
Acute
rheumatic fever (390-392) |
32
|
12
|
23
|
8
|
| |
Chronic
rheumatic heart disease (393-398) |
1,572
|
1,626
|
1,338
|
530
|
| |
Hypertensive
disease (401-405) |
4,396
|
4,319
|
4,187
|
1,981
|
| |
Ischaemic
heart disease (410-414) |
12,281
|
13,743
|
13,459
|
6,940
|
| |
Disease
of pulmonary circulation (415-417) |
291
|
274
|
289
|
168
|
| |
Other
forms of heart disease (420-429) |
15,494
|
17,568
|
17,246
|
9,208
|
| |
Cerebrovascular
disease (430-438) |
12,489
|
13,331
|
13,399
|
6,620
|
| |
Diseases
of arteries, arterioles and capillaries
(440-448)
|
1,909
|
2,145
|
1,894
|
1,097
|
| |
Diseases
of viens and lymphatics, and other diseases of circulatory
system (451-459)
|
5,591
|
6,448
|
6,594
|
2,996
|
| |
Sub-total:
|
54,055
|
59,466
|
58,429
|
29,548
|
| II. |
Diseases
of the Respiratory System (ICD9 460-519): |
|
|
|
| |
Acute
respiratory infections (460-466) |
13,845
|
16,906
|
18,807
|
11,505
|
| |
Other
diseases of upper respiratory tract (470-478)
|
3,005
|
3,650
|
3,328
|
1,746
|
| |
Pneumonia
and influenza (480-487) |
12,569
|
14,954
|
10,396
|
52,699
|
| |
Chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease and allied conditions
(490-496)
|
25,330
|
28,344
|
26,780
|
14,081
|
| |
Pneumoconioses
and other lung diseases due to external agents (500-508)
|
386
|
471
|
545
|
301
|
| |
Other
diseases of respiratory system (510-519)
|
11,358
|
13,481
|
14,686
|
8,848
|
| |
Sub-total:
|
66,493
|
77,806
|
78,926
|
46,877
|
| I
& II |
Total:
|
120,548
|
137,272
|
137,355
|
76,425
|
* first
half year
Table
A2.2: Number of hospital admissions by specific disease group
|
Disease
|
1995
|
1996
|
1997
|
1998*
|
|
Respiratory
(ICD9: 460-519)
|
66,493
|
77,806
|
78,926
|
46,877
|
|
Aged
0-14
|
23,421
|
25,551
|
25,192
|
16,450
|
|
Aged
15-64
|
15,170
|
16,733
|
17,006
|
9,451
|
|
Aged
65-74
|
11,214
|
13,695
|
13,874
|
7,640
|
|
Aged
75+
|
16,667
|
21,814
|
22,837
|
13,329
|
| Chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease
(ICD9:
490-496 excluding 493)
|
16,648
|
18,672
|
18,054
|
9,795
|
|
Asthma
(ICD-9 493)
|
8,682
|
9,672
|
8,726
|
4,286
|
|
Aged
0-14
|
4,437
|
5,156
|
4,412
|
2,133
|
|
Aged
15-64
|
2,855
|
2,929
|
2,736
|
1,332
|
|
Cardiac
(ICD9: 390-429)
|
34,066
|
37,542
|
36,542
|
18,835
|
|
Aged
15-64
|
12,195
|
13,051
|
11,949
|
5,961
|
|
Aged
65-74
|
9,912
|
11,098
|
11,195
|
5,715
|
|
Aged
75+
|
11,437
|
12,918
|
13,001
|
6,976
|
|
Ischaemic
heart disease (ICD-9 410-414)
|
12,281
|
13,743
|
13,459
|
6,940
|
|
Aged
15-64
|
4,553
|
5,079
|
4,627
|
2,402
|
|
Aged
65-74
|
4,197
|
4,842
|
4,930
|
2,507
|
|
Aged
75+
|
3,507
|
3,806
|
3,888
|
2,029
|
* first
half year
Note: The total number of admissions by age groups may not
be equal to the total due to missing age field in the data.
Table
A3.1: Summary statistics of daily hospital admissions due to
respiratory disease by 3 month periods
| Period |
No.
(days) |
Mean
|
SD
|
Min |
P25 |
Median |
P75
|
Max
|
| Jan-Mar
95 : |
90 |
189.4 |
34.61 |
116 |
164 |
186
|
212
|
287
|
| Apr-Jun
95 : |
91 |
190.5 |
26.42 |
132 |
173 |
191
|
205
|
260
|
| Jul-Sep
95 : |
92 |
174.5 |
17.96 |
133 |
163 |
173
|
188
|
213
|
| Oct-Dec
95 : |
92 |
174.5 |
23.93 |
120 |
156 |
175
|
187
|
240
|
| Jan-Dec
95 : |
365 |
182.2 |
27.37 |
116 |
164 |
181
|
198
|
287
|
| Jan-Mar
96 : |
91 |
216 |
42.67 |
134 |
181 |
215
|
250
|
319
|
| Apr-Jun
96 : |
91 |
234.7 |
30.87 |
167 |
213 |
231
|
254
|
315
|
| Jul-Sep
96 : |
92 |
206 |
43.72 |
147 |
173 |
192
|
239
|
320
|
| Oct-Dec
96 : |
92 |
193.9 |
26.97 |
143 |
172 |
193
|
213
|
272
|
| Jan-Dec
96 : |
366 |
212.6 |
39.56 |
134 |
180 |
209
|
241
|
320
|
| Jan-Mar
97 : |
90 |
202.6 |
27.02 |
133 |
186 |
201
|
216
|
264
|
| Apr-Jun
97 : |
91 |
249.3 |
29 |
199 |
227 |
246
|
267
|
335
|
| Jul-Sep
97 : |
92 |
202 |
33.19 |
140 |
178 |
198
|
223
|
298
|
| Oct-Dec
97 : |
92 |
211.1 |
39.86 |
156 |
184 |
202
|
225
|
330
|
| Jan-Dec
97 : |
365 |
216.2 |
37.89 |
133 |
189 |
211
|
240
|
335
|
| Jan-Mar
98 : |
90 |
279.7 |
50.69 |
174 |
232 |
282
|
314
|
389
|
| Apr-Jun
98 : |
91 |
238.5 |
19.31 |
193 |
225 |
238
|
254
|
288
|
Min: Minimum;
P25: 25% centile; P75: 75% centile; Max: Maximum
Table
A3.2: Summary statistics of daily hospital admissions due
to COPD (excluding asthma) by 3-month periods
| Period |
No.
(days) |
Mean
|
SD
|
Min
|
P25
|
Median
|
P75
|
Max
|
| Jan-Mar
95 : |
90 |
54.19 |
11.4 |
31
|
46
|
54
|
63
|
82
|
| Apr-Jun
95 : |
91 |
44.23 |
9.59 |
26
|
39
|
44
|
50
|
74
|
| Jul-Sep
95 : |
92 |
39.82 |
8.43 |
22
|
34
|
39
|
45
|
63
|
| Oct-Dec
95 : |
92 |
44.38 |
10.79 |
26
|
36
|
44
|
52
|
71
|
| Jan-Dec
95 : |
365 |
45.61 |
11.35 |
22
|
37
|
44
|
53
|
82
|
| Jan-Mar
96 : |
91 |
61.23 |
14.22 |
33
|
50
|
61
|
75
|
94
|
| Apr-Jun
96 : |
91 |
56.24 |
12.67 |
31
|
47
|
56
|
62
|
92
|
| Jul-Sep
96 : |
92 |
43.33 |
10.11 |
26
|
36
|
41
|
50
|
72
|
| Oct-Dec
96 : |
92 |
43.43 |
9.79 |
22
|
38
|
44
|
49
|
68
|
| Jan-Dec
96 : |
366 |
51.02 |
14.18 |
22
|
41
|
49
|
60
|
94
|
| Jan-Mar
97 : |
90 |
54.01 |
9.64 |
29
|
49
|
54
|
59
|
79
|
| Apr-Jun
97 : |
91 |
54.18 |
9.49 |
35
|
49
|
52
|
62
|
79
|
| Jul-Sep
97 : |
92 |
44.91 |
8.76 |
26
|
40
|
45
|
50
|
68
|
| Oct-Dec
97 : |
92 |
44.9 |
9.24 |
24
|
39
|
43
|
52
|
67
|
| Jan-Dec
97 : |
365 |
49.46 |
10.33 |
24
|
42
|
49
|
55
|
79
|
| Jan-Mar
98 : |
90 |
60.11 |
12.05 |
35
|
52
|
59
|
68
|
90
|
| Apr-Jun
98 : |
91 |
48.19 |
8.15 |
32
|
42
|
48
|
54
|
72
|
Min: Minimum;
P25: 25% centile; P75: 75% centile; Max: Maximum
Table
A3.3: Summary statistics of daily hospital admissions due
to asthma disease by 3-month periods
| Period |
No.
(days) |
Mean |
SD
|
Min |
P25
|
Median
|
P75
|
Max
|
| Jan-Mar
95 : |
90 |
24.11 |
7.08 |
12 |
18
|
24
|
29
|
46
|
| Apr-Jun
95 : |
91 |
21.93 |
6.89 |
9 |
17
|
22
|
26
|
43
|
| Jul-Sep
95 : |
92 |
20.97 |
6.24 |
10 |
16
|
21
|
24
|
40
|
| Oct-Dec
95 : |
92 |
28.12 |
7.7 |
14 |
22
|
27
|
34
|
46
|
| Jan-Dec
95 : |
365 |
23.79 |
7.5 |
9 |
18
|
23
|
29
|
46
|
| Jan-Mar
96 : |
91 |
23.37 |
6.64 |
12 |
19
|
23
|
26
|
47
|
| Apr-Jun
96 : |
91 |
25.11 |
6.73 |
11 |
21
|
24
|
30
|
48
|
| Jul-Sep
96 : |
92 |
24.33 |
6.16 |
11 |
21
|
23
|
28
|
41
|
| Oct-Dec
96 : |
92 |
32.85 |
12.09 |
14 |
23
|
31
|
41
|
63
|
| Jan-Dec
96 : |
366 |
26.43 |
9.07 |
11 |
20
|
25
|
30
|
63
|
| Jan-Mar
97 : |
90 |
20.49 |
6.16 |
8 |
16
|
20
|
24
|
41
|
| Apr-Jun
97 : |
91 |
21.56 |
4.95 |
7 |
18
|
21
|
25
|
32
|
| Jul-Sep
97 : |
92 |
20.43 |
7.61 |
8 |
15
|
19
|
25
|
45
|
| Oct-Dec
97 : |
92 |
33.04 |
9.07 |
15 |
26
|
33
|
39
|
59
|
| Jan-Dec
97 : |
365 |
23.91 |
8.88 |
7 |
18
|
22
|
28
|
59
|
| Jan-Mar
98 : |
90 |
26.74 |
7.76 |
13 |
21
|
26
|
32
|
48
|
| Apr-Jun
98 : |
91 |
20.65 |
5.06 |
10 |
17
|
20
|
24
|
35
|
Min: Minimum;
P25: 25% centile; P75: 75% centile; Max: Maximum
Table
A3.4: Summary statistics of daily hospital admissions due
to cardiac disease by 3-month periods
| Period |
No.
(days) |
Mean |
SD |
Min
|
P25
|
Median |
P75
|
Max
|
| Jan-Mar
95 : |
90 |
100.2 |
21.67 |
44
|
83
|
104 |
115
|
152
|
| Apr-Jun
95 : |
91 |
89.81 |
20.91 |
40
|
73
|
92 |
104
|
128
|
| Jul-Sep
95 : |
92 |
87.84 |
20.87 |
41
|
70
|
92 |
103
|
134
|
| Oct-Dec
95 : |
92 |
95.62 |
24.25 |
44
|
74
|
99 |
113
|
148
|
| Jan-Dec
95 : |
365 |
93.33 |
22.42 |
40
|
75
|
97 |
108
|
152
|
| Jan-Mar
96 : |
91 |
113.7 |
27.66 |
51
|
95
|
114 |
133
|
179
|
| Apr-Jun
96 : |
91 |
99.87 |
24.71 |
52
|
76
|
105 |
118
|
148
|
| Jul-Sep
96 : |
92 |
94.7 |
22.8 |
49
|
76
|
97 |
112
|
137
|
| Oct-Dec
96 : |
92 |
102.1 |
22.08 |
61
|
85
|
103 |
118
|
154
|
| Jan-Dec
96 : |
366 |
102.6 |
25.28 |
49
|
83
|
104 |
120
|
179
|
| Jan-Mar
97 : |
90 |
102.3 |
24.82 |
55
|
80
|
102 |
119
|
158
|
| Apr-Jun
97 : |
91 |
100.4 |
19.46 |
59
|
84
|
106 |
114
|
141
|
| Jul-Sep
97 : |
92 |
97.15 |
19.3 |
53
|
84
|
100 |
112
|
137
|
| Oct-Dec
97 : |
92 |
100.6 |
20.03 |
60
|
84
|
102 |
113
|
153
|
| Jan-Dec
97 : |
365 |
100.1 |
21.01 |
53
|
84
|
102 |
114
|
158
|
| Jan-Mar
98 : |
90 |
111.7 |
21.83 |
56
|
95
|
113 |
126
|
166
|
| Apr-Jun
98 : |
91 |
96.52 |
20.14 |
48
|
82
|
99 |
111
|
136
|
Min: Minimum;
P25: 25% centile; P75: 75% centile; Max: Maximum
Table
A3.5: Summary statistics of daily hospital admissions due
to IHD by 3-month periods
| Period |
No.
(days)
|
Mean |
SD
|
Min
|
P25
|
Median
|
P75
|
Max
|
| Jan-Mar
95 : |
90 |
35.47 |
9.27 |
16 |
28
|
37
|
43
|
52
|
| Apr-Jun
95 : |
91 |
31.9 |
9.46 |
11 |
25
|
30
|
40
|
58
|
| Jul-Sep
95 : |
92 |
33.2 |
10.01 |
8 |
25
|
34
|
40
|
57
|
| Oct-Dec
95 : |
92 |
34.04 |
8.93 |
17 |
28
|
33
|
40
|
55
|
| Jan-Dec
95 : |
365 |
33.65 |
9.48 |
8 |
26
|
33
|
40
|
58
|
| Jan-Mar
96 : |
91 |
40.18 |
11.44 |
15 |
34
|
41
|
48
|
65
|
| Apr-Jun
96 : |
91 |
36.78 |
12.25 |
15 |
28
|
36
|
45
|
76
|
| Jul-Sep
96 : |
92 |
35.47 |
10.12 |
15 |
28
|
35
|
44
|
55
|
| Oct-Dec
96 : |
92 |
37.79 |
11.02 |
19 |
28
|
37
|
47
|
65
|
| Jan-Dec
96 : |
366 |
37.55 |
11.32 |
15 |
28
|
38
|
46
|
76
|
| Jan-Mar
97 : |
90 |
36.52 |
10.14 |
16 |
28
|
37
|
44
|
61
|
| Apr-Jun
97 : |
91 |
36.01 |
8.13 |
16 |
29
|
37
|
42
|
54
|
| Jul-Sep
97 : |
92 |
37.59 |
9.4 |
19 |
32
|
37
|
44
|
58
|
| Oct-Dec
97 : |
92 |
37.36 |
10.19 |
19 |
30
|
36
|
44
|
60
|
| Jan-Dec
97 : |
365 |
36.87 |
9.49 |
16 |
29
|
37
|
43
|
61
|
| Jan-Mar
98 : |
90 |
40.13 |
10.55 |
17 |
33
|
40
|
46
|
65
|
| Apr-Jun
98 : |
91 |
36.57 |
10.24 |
15 |
29
|
37
|
43
|
63
|
Min: Minimum;
P25: 25% centile; P75: 75% centile; Max: Maximum
Table
A4: Comparison of total hospital discharges between HKU data
and those from HA Statistical Report 95/96, 96/97
|
1/4/1995
- 31/3/1996#
|
|
1/4/1996
- 31/3/1997#
|
|
HKU
|
HA
|
|
HKU
|
HA
|
| Kong
Wash Hospital (KWH) |
63,583
|
63,583
|
|
69,467 |
69,470 |
| Our
Lady of Maryknoll Hospital (OLM) |
8,564
|
8,564
|
|
8,105 |
8,105 |
| Princess
Margaret Hospital (PMH) |
104,149
|
104,149
|
|
97,124 |
97,109 |
| Pok
Oi Hospital (POH) |
11,432
|
11,432
|
|
13,086 |
13,086 |
| Prince
of Wales Hospital (PWH) |
104,679
|
104,679
|
|
106,914 |
106,920 |
| Pamela
Youde Nethersole Hospital (PYN) |
66,672@
|
61,263
|
|
71,874 |
71,875 |
| Queen
Elizabeth Hospital (QEH) |
112,557
|
112,559
|
|
118,587 |
118,588 |
| Queen
Mary Hospital (QMH) |
87,308
|
87,313
|
|
88,233 |
88,339 |
| Ruttonjee
Hospital (RH) |
16,727
|
16,727
|
|
17,893 |
17,893 |
| Tuen
Mun Hospital (TMH) |
83,117
|
83,118
|
|
91,878 |
91,878 |
| United
Christian Hospital (UCH) |
51,266
|
51,293
|
|
15,432 |
15,432 |
| Yan
Chai Hospital (YCH) |
39,508
|
39,508
|
|
42,581 |
42,582 |
| Total: |
749,562
|
744,188
|
|
741,174 |
741,277 |
# total
hospital patient discharges
@ The
excess 5,409 cases in the HKU data set was day cases which
cannot be excluded when the Information Technology Department
generated the data set due to missing of the identifier.
Table
A5.1: Summary statistics of daily hospital admissions by disease
groups (1995-97)
| Disease |
No.
(days)
|
Mean
|
SD
|
Min
|
P25
|
Median
|
P75
|
Max
|
| Respiratory |
1096
|
203.7 |
38.49 |
116 |
175 |
197 |
227 |
335 |
| Asthma |
1096
|
24.7 |
8.59 |
7 |
19 |
23 |
29 |
63 |
| COPD |
1096
|
48.7 |
12.27 |
22 |
40 |
48 |
56 |
94 |
| Cardiac |
1096
|
98.7 |
23.28 |
40 |
80 |
101 |
114 |
179 |
| IHD |
1096
|
35.0 |
10.26 |
8 |
28 |
35 |
44 |
76 |
# first
half year
Min: Minimum;
P25: 25% centile; P75: 75% centile; Max: Maximum
Note:
COPD - Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, excluding
asthma
IHD
- Ischaemic heart disease
Table
A5.2: Summary statistics of daily hospital admissions by disease
groups (1998#)
| Disease |
No.
(days)
|
Mean
|
SD
|
Min
|
P25
|
Median
|
P75
|
Max
|
| Respiratory |
181
|
259.0 |
43.39 |
174 |
227 |
259 |
285 |
389 |
| Asthma |
181
|
23.7 |
7.20 |
10 |
19 |
22 |
28 |
48 |
| COPD |
181
|
54.1 |
11.86 |
32 |
45 |
53 |
62 |
90 |
| Cardiac |
181
|
104.1 |
22.27 |
48 |
88 |
106 |
118 |
166 |
| IHD |
181
|
38.3 |
10.52 |
15 |
31 |
39 |
45 |
65 |
# first
half year
Min: Minimum;
P25: 25% centile; P75: 75% centile; Max: Maximum
Note:
COPD - Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, excluding
asthma
IHD
- Ischaemic heart disease
Table
A6.1: Summary statistics of daily hospital deaths by disease
groups (1995-97)
| Disease |
No.
(days)
|
Mean
|
SD
|
Min
|
P25
|
Median
|
P75
|
Max
|
| Respiratory |
1096
|
10.8
|
4.06
|
1
|
8
|
10
|
13
|
27
|
| Cardiovascular |
1096
|
10.2
|
3.77
|
1
|
8
|
10
|
13
|
24
|
Min: Minimum;
P25: 25% centile; P75: 75% centile; Max: Maximum
Table
A6.2: Summary statistics of daily hospital deaths by diseases
groups (1998#)
| Disease |
No.
(days)
|
Mean
|
SD
|
Min
|
P25
|
Median
|
P75
|
Max
|
| Respiratory |
181
|
11.6 |
4.15
|
3
|
8
|
11
|
14
|
23
|
| Cardiovascular |
181
|
9.8 |
3.81
|
3
|
7
|
9
|
12
|
23
|
Min: Minimum;
P25: 25% centile; P75: 75% centile; Max: Maximum
# first
half year
B.
Meteorological Data:
Table
B1: Summary statistics of daily mean temperature by 3-month
periods
| Period |
No.
(days)
|
Mean |
SD |
Min |
P25 |
Median |
P75 |
Max |
| Jan-Mar
95: |
90 |
16.43 |
2.43 |
12 |
14.45 |
16.4 |
18.3 |
22.4 |
| Apr-Jun
95: |
91 |
25.73 |
3.61 |
15.7 |
24 |
26.4 |
28.9 |
30.1 |
| Jul-Sep
95: |
92 |
27.66 |
1.49 |
24.3 |
26.6 |
27.8 |
28.92 |
30.3 |
| Oct-Dec
95: |
92 |
21.28 |
3.61 |
14.7 |
18.25 |
21.65 |
24.57 |
27.7 |
| Jan-Dec
95: |
365 |
22.8 |
5.22 |
12 |
18 |
24.3 |
27.4 |
30.3 |
| Jan-Mar
96: |
91 |
17.52 |
3.78 |
6.9 |
15.9 |
17.8 |
19.5 |
25.9 |
| Apr-Jun
96: |
91 |
24.75 |
4.06 |
11.8 |
22.75 |
25.3 |
28.45 |
29.8 |
| Jul-Sep
96: |
92 |
28.48 |
1.28 |
25.2 |
27.7 |
28.8 |
29.5 |
30.9 |
| Oct-Dec
96: |
92 |
22.43 |
3.58 |
15.4 |
19 |
22.6 |
25.9 |
28 |
| Jan-Dec
96: |
366 |
23.31 |
5.2 |
6.9 |
19 |
24.4 |
27.9 |
30.9 |
| Jan-Mar
97: |
90 |
17.68 |
2.8 |
11.5 |
15.53 |
17.8 |
19.8 |
23.9 |
| Apr-Jun
97: |
91 |
25.39 |
2.54 |
19.9 |
23.2 |
25.5 |
27.65 |
29.6 |
| Jul-Sep
97: |
92 |
27.64 |
1.87 |
21.1 |
26.78 |
27.8 |
28.9 |
30.5 |
| Oct-Dec
97: |
92 |
22.64 |
3.61 |
14.6 |
20.4 |
22.95 |
25.92 |
27.9 |
| Jan-Dec
97: |
365 |
23.36 |
4.63 |
11.5 |
20.1 |
24 |
27.2 |
30.5 |
| Jan-Mar
98: |
90 |
17.72 |
3.43 |
9.8 |
15.12 |
17.9 |
20.4 |
24.4 |
| Apr-Jun
98: |
91 |
26.63 |
2.21 |
20.6 |
25.1 |
26.7 |
28.1 |
30.5 |
Min: Minimum;
P25: 25% centile; P75: 75% centile; Max: Maximum
Table
B2: Summary statistics of daily mean relative humidity by
3-month periods
| Period |
No.
(days)
|
Mean |
SD
|
Min
|
P25 |
Median |
P75
|
Max
|
| Jan-Mar
95: |
90 |
76.36 |
13.25 |
36
|
69.25 |
78.5 |
87 |
95
|
| Apr-Jun
95: |
91 |
82.4 |
5.12 |
70
|
79 |
82 |
86 |
93
|
| Jul-Sep
95: |
92 |
82.51 |
7.35 |
61
|
77 |
82 |
87 |
96
|
| Oct-Dec
95: |
92 |
68.39 |
13.07 |
31
|
60.75 |
71 |
76 |
94
|
| Jan-Dec
95: |
365 |
77.41 |
11.8 |
31
|
73 |
79 |
86 |
96
|
| Jan-Mar
96: |
91 |
76.25 |
10.42 |
48
|
68 |
79 |
84 |
95
|
| Apr-Jun
96: |
91 |
80.45 |
7.82 |
62
|
75.5 |
79 |
87 |
96
|
| Jul-Sep
96: |
92 |
79.91 |
6.59 |
62
|
76 |
79 |
84 |
96
|
| Oct-Dec
96: |
92 |
68.96 |
9.05 |
37
|
65 |
71 |
75 |
84
|
| Jan-Dec
96: |
366 |
76.38 |
9.71 |
37
|
71 |
77 |
83 |
96
|
| Jan-Mar
97: |
90 |
77.04 |
10.71 |
47
|
71.25 |
80 |
84 |
95
|
| Apr-Jun
97: |
91 |
83.29 |
7.72 |
57
|
80 |
84 |
89 |
97
|
| Jul-Sep
97: |
92 |
82.05 |
7.05 |
59
|
78 |
82 |
87 |
96
|
| Oct-Dec
97: |
92 |
74.96 |
11.46 |
36
|
68.75 |
79 |
82.25 |
92
|
| Jan-Dec
97: |
365 |
79.34 |
10 |
36
|
76 |
81 |
85 |
97
|
| Jan-Mar
98: |
90 |
83.3 |
7.94 |
63
|
79 |
85 |
89.75 |
96
|
| Apr-Jun
98: |
91 |
83.42 |
6.87 |
54
|
79.5 |
84 |
88 |
95
|
Min: Minimum;
P25: 25% centile; P75: 75% centile; Max: Maximum
C.
Pollutant Data:
Table
C1: List of air pollution monitoring stations
| Station |
Sampling
height
|
Above
ground
|
Date
start operation
|
| 1.
Central/West (C/W) |
78m
|
18m
(4th floor)
|
11/83
|
| 2.
Kwai Chung (KC) |
82m
|
25m
(6th floor)
|
7/88
|
| 3.
Kwun Tong (KT) |
34m
|
25m
(6th floor)
|
7/83
|
| 4.
Sham Shui Po (SSPO) |
21m
|
17m
(4th floor)
|
7/84
|
| 5.
Shatin (ST) |
27m
|
21m
(5th floor)
|
7/91
|
| 6.
Tai Po (TP) |
31m
|
25m
(6th floor)
|
2/90
|
| 7.
Tsuen Wan (TW) |
21m
|
17m
(4th floor)
|
8/88
|
Table
C2: List of pollutants used in the study
| Pollutant |
Unit |
| 1.
Nitrogen Dioxide {24-hr} (NO2) |
micrograms/cubic
metre |
| 2.
Sulphur Dioxide {24-hr} (SO2) |
micrograms/cubic
metre |
| 3.
Respirable Suspended Particulates {24-hr} (RSP)* |
micrograms/cubic
metre |
| 4.
Ozone {8-hr} (O3) |
micrograms/cubic
metre |
| 5.
Fine Suspended Particulates {24-hr} (FSP) |
micrograms/cubic
metre |
* Measured
by Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance (TEOM), an instrument
for the continuous measurement of particulate matter in air,
was used
Table
C3: Percentage of valid measures of air pollutants in each
monitoring station
|
|
|
|
Station#
|
|
|
|
| Pollutant |
C/W
|
KC
|
KT
|
SSPO
|
ST
|
TP
|
TW
|
| NO2
(24-hr average) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1995 |
93
|
92
|
96
|
89
|
97
|
97
|
95
|
| 1996 |
93
|
96
|
95
|
90
|
96
|
95
|
93
|
| 1997 |
91
|
90
|
87
|
98
|
93
|
89
|
85
|
| 1995-97 |
92
|
93
|
93
|
92
|
95
|
93
|
91
|
| 1998* |
97
|
96
|
94
|
85
|
97
|
98
|
96
|
| SO2
(24-hr average) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1995 |
98
|
97
|
97
|
93
|
99
|
-
|
95
|
| 1996 |
98
|
95
|
98
|
89
|
99
|
-
|
98
|
| 1997 |
92
|
93
|
93
|
96
|
94
|
-
|
82
|
| 1995-97 |
96
|
95
|
96
|
93
|
97
|
-
|
92
|
| 1998* |
97
|
98
|
94
|
86
|
97
|
-
|
94
|
| RSP
(24-h average) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1995 |
85
|
95
|
79
|
-
|
87
|
-
|
94
|
| 1996 |
99
|
98
|
92
|
-
|
87
|
-
|
86
|
| 1997 |
90
|
92
|
85
|
-
|
91
|
-
|
90
|
| 1995-97 |
91
|
95
|
85
|
-
|
89
|
-
|
90
|
| 1998* |
99
|
95
|
95
|
-
|
99
|
-
|
92
|
| O3
(8-hr average) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1995 |
94
|
93
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
| 1996 |
92
|
95
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
| 1997 |
87
|
90
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
| 1995-97 |
91
|
92
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
| 1998* |
92
|
96
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
| FSP
(24-hr average) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1995
(Aug-Dec) |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
94
|
| 1996 |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
82
|
| 1997 |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
92
|
| 1995
(Aug)-97 |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
88
|
| 1998* |
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
97
|
* the
data are available only for first half year of 1998
- not
available
# Abbreviations
referred to Table C1.
Table
C4: Matrix of Spearman's rank correlation coefficient between
stations by pollutants (1995-1998)
| NO2: |
C/W
|
KC
|
KT
|
SSPO
|
ST
|
TP
|
| KC |
0.67
|
|
|
|
|
|
| KT |
0.82
|
0.65
|
|
|
|
|
| SSPO |
0.84
|
0.68
|
0.86
|
|
|
|
| ST |
0.75
|
0.81
|
0.74
|
0.74
|
|
|
| TP |
0.74
|
0.71
|
0.78
|
0.78
|
0.84
|
|
| TW |
0.82
|
0.72
|
0.85
|
0.90
|
0.76
|
0.76
|
| SO2: |
C/W
|
KC
|
KT
|
SSPO
|
ST
|
|
| KC |
0.61
|
|
|
|
|
|
| KT |
0.52
|
0.51
|
|
|
|
|
| SSPO |
0.72
|
0.73
|
0.60
|
|
|
|
| ST |
0.73
|
0.77
|
0.65
|
0.80
|
|
|
| TW |
0.53
|
0.81
|
0.44
|
0.69
|
0.69
|
|
| RSP: |
C/W
|
KC
|
KT
|
ST
|
|
|
| KC |
0.94
|
|
|
|
|
|
| KT |
0.93
|
0.93
|
|
|
|
|
| ST |
0.94
|
0.95
|
0.93
|
|
|
|
| TW |
0.94
|
0.97
|
0.92
|
0.94
|
|
|
| O3: |
C/W
|
|
|
|
|
|
| KC |
0.79
|
|
|
|
|
|
Table
C5.1: Summary statistics of daily mean NO2 (24-hr
average) by 3-month periods
| Period |
No.
(days)
|
Mean |
SD |
Min |
P25 |
Median
|
P75 |
Max |
| Jan-Mar
95 : |
90 |
61.34 |
16.72 |
34.41 |
49.59 |
57.84 |
69.25 |
123.2 |
| Apr-Jun
95 : |
91 |
45.74 |
16.15 |
21 |
33.41 |
45.4 |
52.84 |
100.8 |
| Jul-Sep
95 : |
92 |
42.52 |
14.92 |
17.18 |
32.04 |
39.73 |
50.27 |
91.37 |
| Oct-Dec
95 : |
92 |
63.56 |
16.09 |
19.18 |
51.39 |
65.52 |
73.75 |
98.85 |
| Jan-Dec
95 : |
365 |
53.27 |
18.42 |
17.18 |
40.56 |
51.31 |
65.12 |
123.2 |
| Jan-Mar
96 : |
91 |
63.45 |
18.2 |
28.74 |
51.96 |
59.97 |
74.08 |
122.2 |
| Apr-Jun
96 : |
91 |
48.66 |
17.01 |
19.83 |
35.05 |
50.07 |
58.48 |
115.2 |
| Jul-Sep
96 : |
92 |
41.48 |
16.2 |
16.76 |
29.23 |
37.88 |
49.67 |
102.5 |
| Oct-Dec
96 : |
92 |
65.16 |
18.69 |
35.67 |
51.68 |
61.64 |
76.48 |
117.1 |
| Jan-Dec
96 : |
366 |
54.68 |
20.13 |
16.76 |
39.71 |
52.74 |
66.51 |
122.2 |
| Jan-Mar
97 : |
90 |
60.59 |
15.46 |
35.99 |
48.13 |
56.69 |
72.53 |
111.4 |
| Apr-Jun
97 : |
91 |
57.49 |
17.75 |
22.92 |
46.47 |
54.74 |
62.93 |
113.2 |
| Jul-Sep
97 : |
92 |
51.61 |
20.27 |
15.29 |
38.41 |
45.6 |
64.24 |
125.8 |
| Oct-Dec97
: |
92 |
69.41 |
19.27 |
38.31 |
56.75 |
67.05 |
78.52 |
151.5 |
| Jan-Dec
97 : |
365 |
59.78 |
19.33 |
15.29 |
46.11 |
56.74 |
71.24 |
151.5 |
| Jan-Mar
98 : |
90 |
60.17 |
11.89 |
36.01 |
52.74 |
57.26 |
66.35 |
95.65 |
| Apr-Jun
98 : |
91 |
52.85 |
20.03 |
21.68 |
39.3 |
49.84 |
62.53 |
128.5 |
Min: Minimum;
P25: 25% centile; P75: 75% centile; Max: Maximum
Table
C5.2: Summary statistics of daily mean SO2 (24-hr
average) by 3-month periods
| Period |
No.
(days)
|
Mean |
SD
|
Min
|
P25
|
Median |
P75
|
Max |
| Jan-Mar
95 : |
90 |
20.2 |
11.43 |
8.11 |
12.51 |
17.02 |
22.99 |
63.62 |
| Apr-Jun
95 : |
91 |
18.15 |
12.11 |
4.21 |
8.38 |
15.06 |
26.12 |
52.55 |
| Jul-Sep
95 : |
90 |
17.2 |
10.38 |
4.23 |
8.39 |
15.25 |
22.75 |
51.56 |
| Oct-Dec
95 : |
92 |
15.38 |
6.12 |
2.32 |
10.34 |
14.6 |
19.47 |
32.54 |
| Jan-Dec
95 : |
363 |
17.72 |
10.37 |
2.32 |
10.08 |
15.47 |
21.66 |
63.62 |
| Jan-Mar
96 : |
91 |
17.47 |
11.32 |
3.11 |
9.32 |
14.52 |
22.99 |
55.42 |
| Apr-Jun
96 : |
91 |
17.95 |
11.88 |
5.48 |
9.14 |
15.89 |
23.11 |
84.49 |
| Jul-Sep
96 : |
92 |
21.77 |
15.01 |
3.4 |
10.75 |
17.81 |
27.77 |
74.49 |
| Oct-Dec
96 : |
92 |
16.94 |
8.54 |
5.86 |
11.15 |
14.4 |
20.47 |
53.57 |
| Jan-Dec
96 : |
366 |
18.53 |
12.02 |
3.11 |
9.93 |
15.06 |
23.72 |
84.49 |
| Jan-Mar
97 : |
90 |
14.27 |
9.89 |
4.09 |
7.88 |
11.5 |
18.05 |
55 |
| Apr-Jun
97 : |
91 |
18.22 |
13.3 |
2.18 |
8.04 |
15.45 |
24.52 |
72.11 |
| Jul-Sep
97 : |
92 |
20.3 |
16.42 |
1.93 |
6.82 |
16.7 |
28.97 |
83.57 |
| Jct-Dec
97 : |
92 |
14.77 |
15.53 |
1.06 |
6.38 |
9.84 |
15.18 |
90.06 |
| Oct-Dec
97 : |
365 |
16.9 |
14.2 |
1.06 |
7.09 |
12.36 |
21.31 |
90.06 |
| Jan-Mar
98 : |
90 |
10.01 |
7.8 |
1.83 |
4.92 |
7.46 |
13.15 |
50.76 |
| Apr-Jun
98 : |
91 |
14.71 |
10.57 |
1.94 |
5.06 |
13.14 |
20.92 |
49.71 |
Min: Minimum;
P25: 25% centile; P75: 75% centile; Max: Maximum
Table
C5.3: Summary statistics of daily mean RSP (24-hr average)
by 3-month periods
| Period |
No.
(days)
|
Mean |
SD |
Min |
P25 |
Median |
P75 |
Max |
| Jan-Mar
95 : |
90 |
58.14 |
22.59 |
18.88 |
43.61 |
56.78 |
69.12 |
156.6 |
| Apr-Jun
95 : |
91 |
40.65 |
18.06 |
18.98 |
27.48 |
36.29 |
47.27 |
110 |
| Jul-Sep
95 : |
92 |
36.41 |
17.11 |
14.13 |
25.01 |
30 |
46.8 |
91.79 |
| Oct-Dec
95 : |
92 |
70.72 |
26.01 |
17.94 |
51.67 |
69.2 |
85.48 |
141.8 |
| Jan-Dec
95 : |
365 |
51.48 |
25.28 |
14.13 |
30.2 |
47.33 |
66.59 |
156.6 |
| Jan-Mar
96 : |
91 |
60.37 |
27.43 |
14.05 |
39.9 |
61.94 |
79.44 |
119.3 |
| Apr-Jun
96 : |
91 |
42.86 |
24.22 |
19.32 |
26.72 |
37.57 |
50.19 |
163.8 |
| Jul-Sep
96 : |
92 |
37.46 |
16.27 |
17.47 |
26.67 |
33.03 |
40.79 |
103 |
| Oct-Dec
96 : |
92 |
70.23 |
23.28 |
28.59 |
52.75 |
65.83 |
87.49 |
119.2 |
| Jan-Dec
96 : |
366 |
52.74 |
26.57 |
14.05 |
31.51 |
45.54 |
68.28 |
163.8 |
| Jan-Mar
97 : |
90 |
56.85 |
21.71 |
14.33 |
42 |
53.79 |
71.43 |
142.8 |
| Apr-Jun
97 : |
91 |
45.73 |
19.03 |
17.72 |
30.87 |
40.49 |
54.5 |
120.3 |
| Jul-Sep
97 : |
92 |
41.11 |
22.35 |
14.21 |
25.08 |
34.48 |
51.85 |
143 |
| Oct-Dec
97 : |
92 |
61.52 |
23.72 |
24.58 |
45.36 |
57.43 |
71.24 |
154.2 |
| Jan-Dec
97 : |
365 |
51.29 |
23.2 |
14.21 |
33.48 |
47.39 |
65.82 |
154.2 |
| Jan-Mar
98 : |
90 |
49.17 |
16.91 |
17.52 |
35.61 |
45.89 |
62.76 |
93.08 |
| Apr-Jun
98 : |
91 |
38.64 |
22.55 |
17.56 |
26.41 |
30.72 |
42.3 |
143.5 |
Min: Minimum;
P25: 25% centile; P75: 75% centile; Max: Maximum
Table
C5.4: Summary statistics of daily mean O3 (8-hr
average) by 3-month periods
Period
|
No.
(days)
|
Mean
|
SD
|
Min
|
P25
|
Median
|
P75
|
Max
|
| Jan-Mar
95 : |
90 |
24.26 |
18.54 |
0.17 |
8.2 |
21.82 |
34.76 |
74.02 |
| Apr-Jun
95 : |
91 |
21.57 |
15.03 |
0 |
10.6 |
16.79 |
31 |
60.67 |
| Jul-Sep
95 : |
90 |
24.13 |
18.24 |
0 |
10.03 |
17.7 |
34 |
76.54 |
| Oct-Dec
95 : |
92 |
45.53 |
18.05 |
4.48 |
31.74 |
45.29 |
56.77 |
99.6 |
| Jan-Dec
95 : |
363 |
28.95 |
19.98 |
0 |
12.21 |
25.06 |
43.45 |
99.6 |
| Jan-Mar
96 : |
89 |
34.4 |
20.29 |
2.04 |
18.55 |
31.86 |
49.68 |
82.68 |
| Apr-Jun
96 : |
91 |
34.94 |
27.93 |
0.29 |
14.05 |
22.18 |
51.11 |
122.1 |
| Jul-Sep
96 : |
92 |
34.01 |
28.49 |
2.43 |
16.81 |
23.73 |
42.1 |
168.9 |
| Oct-Dec
96 : |
92 |
48.3 |
17.6 |
7.28 |
37.02 |
48.8 |
60.65 |
95.18 |
| Jan-Dec
96 : |
364 |
37.95 |
24.72 |
0.29 |
18.1 |
34.16 |
53.02 |
168.9 |
| Jan-Mar
97 : |
90 |
33.06 |
20.74 |
0.36 |
17.53 |
29.95 |
43.47 |
97.17 |
| Apr-Jun
97 : |
91 |
31.28 |
23.23 |
0.99 |
15.58 |
23.99 |
44.42 |
115.7 |
| Jul-Sep
97 : |
90 |
27.81 |
25.35 |
1.3 |
11.14 |
19.99 |
32.08 |
123.7 |
| Oct-Dec
97 : |
88 |
42.59 |
20.98 |
3.17 |
25.45 |
41.99 |
58.74 |
91.11 |
| Jan-Dec
97 : |
359 |
33.63 |
23.22 |
0.36 |
16.02 |
27.36 |
48.45 |
123.7 |
| Jan-Mar
98 : |
90 |
26.5 |
16.06 |
3.52 |
13.54 |
24.27 |
34 |
80.21 |
| Apr-Jun
98 : |
90 |
28.93 |
20.76 |
1.28 |
14.16 |
22.21 |
36.45 |
91.88 |
Min: Minimum;
P25: 25% centile; P75: 75% centile; Max: Maximum
Table
C5.5: Summary statistics of daily mean FSP* (24-hr average)
by 3-month periods
| Period |
No.
(days) |
Mean |
SD |
Min |
P25 |
Median |
P75 |
Max
|
| Aug-Sep
95 : |
58 |
28.82 |
14.05 |
9.5 |
18.02 |
24.85 |
38.5 |
71.8 |
| Oct-Dec
95 : |
86 |
46.26 |
15.79 |
17.6 |
35.73 |
44.65 |
54.3 |
98 |
| Aug-Dec
95 : |
144 |
39.24 |
17.34 |
9.5 |
25.17 |
38.85 |
49.9 |
98 |
| Jan-Mar
96 : |
80 |
39.91 |
14.92 |
16.3 |
29.08 |
38.3 |
43.9 |
80.4 |
| Apr-Jun
96 : |
53 |
30.61 |
16.86 |
13.9 |
17.7 |
26.9 |
35.8 |
91.1 |
| Jul-Sep
96 : |
84 |
26.99 |
13.37 |
12.3 |
19.05 |
22.95 |
29.35 |
71.3 |
| Oct-Dec
96 : |
84 |
38.69 |
17.57 |
15.8 |
24.78 |
33.7 |
48.83 |
84 |
| Jan-Dec
96 : |
301 |
34.33 |
16.55 |
12.3 |
22.2 |
29.8 |
41.1 |
91.1 |
| Jan-Mar
97 : |
88 |
39.15 |
14.21 |
15 |
28.7 |
36.65 |
46.2 |
86 |
| Apr-Jun
97 : |
84 |
32.75 |
14.94 |
15.8 |
22.5 |
28.05 |
38.73 |
92.3 |
| Jul-Sep
97 : |
79 |
29.72 |
15.04 |
11 |
20 |
26 |
32.5 |
89 |
| Oct-Dec
97 : |
84 |
40.49 |
16.54 |
14 |
28 |
37.5 |
48 |
97 |
| Jan-Dec
97 : |
335 |
35.66 |
15.76 |
11 |
24.3 |
31.9 |
43.25 |
97 |
| Jan-Mar
98 : |
84 |
43.85 |
13.91 |
17 |
33 |
42 |
54 |
83 |
| Apr-Jun
98 : |
91 |
33.53 |
15.65 |
17 |
25 |
29 |
38 |
120 |
Min: Minimum;
P25: 25% centile; P75: 75% centile; Max: Maximum
* the
measurements started from August 1 1995
- not
available
Table
C6: Spearman's rank correlation coefficients (r) between daily
concentrations of pollutants by 3-months periods (1995-1997)
|
Jan-Mar
|
Apr-Jun
|
Jul-Sep
|
Oct-Dec
|
1995-1997
|
| Pollutants |
r
(p-value)
|
r
(p-value)
|
r
(p-value)
|
r
(p-value) |
r
(p-value)
|
| SO2
& NO2 |
0.69
|
(0.00) |
0.09
|
(0.13) |
0.50
|
(0.00) |
0.73
|
(0.00) |
0.37
|
(0.00) |
| SO2
& RSP |
0.58
|
(0.00) |
0.04
|
(0.51) |
0.44
|
(0.00) |
0.71
|
(0.00) |
0.30
|
(0.00) |
| SO2
& O3 (8-hr) |
-0.16
|
(0.01) |
-0.45
|
(0.00) |
0.02
|
(0.78) |
0.05
|
(0.40) |
-0.18
|
(0.00) |
| SO2
& FSP (8-hr) |
0.55
|
(0.00) |
0.02
|
(0.86) |
0.40
|
(0.00) |
0.60
|
(0.00) |
0.33
|
(0.00) |
| NO2
& RSP |
0.72
|
(0.00) |
0.75
|
(0.00) |
0.80
|
(0.00) |
0.69
|
(0.00) |
0.82
|
(0.00) |
| NO2
& O3 (8-hr) |
0.24
|
(0.00) |
0.32
|
(0.00) |
0.45
|
(0.00) |
0.18
|
(0.00) |
0.43
|
(0.00) |
| NO2
& FSP |
0.65
|
(0.00) |
0.79
|
(0.00) |
0.84
|
(0.00) |
0.67
|
(0.00) |
0.79
|
(0.00) |
| RSP
& O3 (8-hr) |
0.38
|
(0.00) |
0.43
|
(0.00) |
0.57
|
(0.00) |
0.30
|
(0.00) |
0.54
|
(0.00) |
| RSP
& FSP |
0.88
|
(0.00) |
0.93
|
(0.00) |
0.92
|
(0.00) |
0.86
|
(0.00) |
0.91
|
(0.00) |
Note:
SO2, NO2, RSP and FSP are used from
24 hours daily average.
D.
Pollutant, meteorological and hospital admissions data:
Table
D1: Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (r) between daily
concentrations of pollutants, meteorological measures and
hospital admissions (1995-97)
|
Respiratory
|
COPD*
|
Asthma
|
Cardiac
|
IHD
|
|
r
(p-value)
|
r
(p-value)
|
r
(p-value)
|
r
(p-value)
|
r
(p-value)
|
| SO2
(24-hr) |
0.10
(0.00)
|
0.14
(0.00)
|
-0.04
(0.15)
|
0.15
(0.00)
|
0.07
(0.02)
|
| NO2
(24-hr) |
0.11
(0.00)
|
0.24
(0.00)
|
0.27
(0.00)
|
0.23
(0.00)
|
0.15
(0.00)
|
| RSP
(24-hr) |
-0.01
(0.73)
|
0.13
(0.00)
|
0.27
(0.00)
|
0.16
(0.00)
|
0.11
(0.00)
|
| O3
(8-hr) |
-0.07
(0.03)
|
-0.08
(0.01)
|
0.26
(0.00)
|
-0.02
(0.68)
|
0.01
(0.85)
|
| FSP
(24-hr) |
-0.06
(0.12)
|
0.10
(0.01)
|
0.17
(0.00)
|
0.08
(0.08)
|
0.02
(0.49)
|
| Temperature |
-0.01
(0.76)
|
-0.35
(0.00)
|
-0.21
(0.00)
|
-0.14
(0.00)
|
-0.04
(0.16)
|
| Humidity |
0.10
(0.00)
|
0.04
(0.20)
|
-0.30
(0.00)
|
-0.07
(0.02)
|
-0.06
(0.03)
|
*
excluding asthma
Table
D2: Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (r) between mean
daily concentrations of pollutions, meterological and hospital
deaths data (1995-1997)
|
Respiratory
|
Cardiovascular
|
|
r
(p-value)
|
r
(p-value)
|
| SO2
(24-hr) |
0.08
(0.01) |
0.01
(0.80) |
| NO2
(24-hr) |
0.18
(0.00) |
0.19
(0.00) |
| RSP
(24-hr) |
0.13
(0.00) |
0.15
(0.00) |
| O3
(8-hr) |
0.00
(0.98) |
0.05
(0.11) |
| FSP
(24-hr) |
0.08
(0.03) |
0.11
(0.01) |
| Temperature |
-0.29
(0.00) |
-0.39
(0.00) |
| Humidity |
-0.04
(0.20) |
-0.12
(0.20) |
Table
D3: Matrix of Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (r)
between mean daily concentrations of pollution and meteorological
data (1995-1997)
|
SO2
|
RSP
|
O3
(8-hr)
|
FSP
|
Temperature
|
Humidity
|
| NO2 |
0.37
|
0.82
|
0.43 |
0.79
|
-0.45 |
-0.35 |
| SO2 |
|
0.30
|
-0.18 |
0.33
|
0.17 |
-0.16 |
| RSP |
|
|
0.54 |
0.91
|
-0.42 |
-0.53 |
| O3
(8-hr) |
|
|
|
0.47
|
-0.14 |
-0.59 |
| TSP |
|
|
|
|
-0.39 |
-0.39 |
| Temperature |
|
|
|
|
|
0.19 |
Note:
all p values are <0.0000
Table
D4: Spearman's rank correlation coefficients between two missing
replacement methods of air pollution data series (1/1995-6/1997)
| Pollutant |
Old
vs New
|
| NO2 |
0.9996
|
| SO2 |
0.9993
|
| RSP |
0.9997
|
| O3 |
0.9975
|
|
|