7 WASTE
MANAGEMENT IMPLICATIONS
7.1 Legislation, Standards and Guidelines
7.3 Identification and Evaluation of Waste
Management Implications
Figure 7.1 Proposed Sediment Sampling
Locations for Tung Chung East
Appendix 7.1 Endorsement Letter of C&D MMP
Appendix 7.2 Approved Sediment Quality Review Report
Appendix 7.3 Laboratory Testing Results
Appendix 7.4 Summary of the Chemical and Biological Screening Tests results
7.1
Legislation, Standards and Guidelines
7.1.1
Introduction
7.1.1.1 The relevant legislation and associated guidance notes related to the study for the assessment of waste management implications include:
·
Criteria and guidelines for evaluating and
assessing waste management implication as specified in Annexes 7 and 15 of the
TM-EIAO;
·
Waste Disposal Ordinance (Cap 354);
·
Waste Disposal (Charges for Disposal of
Construction Waste) Regulation (Cap 354);
·
Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General)
Regulation (Cap 354);
·
Dumping at Sea Ordinance (Cap 466);
·
Land (Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance
(Cap 28); and
7.1.2 Waste Disposal Ordinance (WDO)
7.1.2.1 The Waste Disposal Ordinance (WDO) prohibits any unauthorised disposal of wastes. Construction waste, defined under Cap. 354N of the WDO, refers to a substance, matter or thing which is generated from construction works. It includes all abandoned materials, whether processed or stockpiled or not, before being abandoned, but does not include sludge, screenings or matter removed or generated from desludging, desilting or dredging works.
7.1.2.2 Under the WDO, wastes can only be disposed of at designated waste disposal facilities licensed by Environmental Protection Department (EPD). Breach of this Ordinance can lead to a fine and/or imprisonment. The WDO also stipulates the requirements for issuing licenses for the collection and transportation of wastes.
7.1.3 Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation
7.1.3.1 Under the WDO, the Chemical Waste (General) Regulation provides regulations for chemical waste control, and administers the possession, storage, collection, transport and disposal of chemical wastes. EPD has also issued a ‘guideline’ document, the Code of Practice on the Packaging, Labelling and Storage of Chemical Wastes (1992), which details how the Contractor should comply with the regulations on chemical wastes.
7.1.4 Waste Disposal (Charges for Disposal of Construction Waste) Regulation
7.1.4.1 Under the Waste Disposal (Charges for Disposal of Construction Waste) Regulation, construction waste delivered to a landfill for disposal must not contain more than 50% by weight of inert material. Construction waste delivered to a sorting facility for disposal must contain more than 50% by weight of inert material, and construction waste delivered to a Public Fill Reception Facilities for disposal must consist entirely of inert material.
7.1.5 Dumping at Sea Ordinance
7.1.5.1 According to the Dumping at Sea Ordinance, a permit from EPD is required if any waste producer intend to dump materials from vessels to designated marine dumping areas. The Authority will consider a number of factors including sources and nature of materials to be dumped, dumping rates, need for inspection / testing, water pollution avoidance measures etc before determining whether such a permit would be granted and, where deemed necessary, any conditions to be complied with. Breach of the requirements in the permit would result in a fine and/or to imprisonment.
7.1.6 Land (Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance
7.1.6.1 The inert portion of construction and demolition (C&D) materials may be taken to public filling facilities including public filling area, public filling barging points and stockpiling areas. This ordinance requires Dumping Licenses (to be issued by Civil and Engineering Development Department (CEDD)) to be obtained by individuals or companies, who deliver inert C&D materials to the public filling facilities.
7.1.6.2 Individual licenses and windscreen stickers are issued for each vehicle involved. Public filling areas will accept only inert building debris, soil, rock and broken concrete. The material should, however, be free from marine mud, household refuse, plastic, metal, individual and chemical wastes, animal and vegetable matters and any other materials considered unsuitable by the Filling Supervisor.
7.1.7 Public Cleansing and Prevention of Nuisances Regulation
7.1.7.1 This regulation provides control on illegal tipping of wastes on unauthorised (unlicensed) sites.
7.1.8 Construction & Demolition Material Management Plan (C&DMMP)
7.1.8.1 According to the “Project Administrative Handbook Chapter 4, Section 4.1.3”, for Designated Projects, a Construction and Demolition Material Management Plan (C&DMMP) has to be submitted to the Public Fill Committee (PFC) for approval in case of C&D materials disposal exceeding 50,000m3.
7.1.8.2 ETWB TCW No. 19/2005, Environmental Management on Construction Site, sets out the policy, procedures and requirements for contractor to prepare and implement an Environmental Management Plan for on-site sorting and waste reduction of C&D materials.
7.1.9 Other Relevant Guidelines
7.1.9.1 The following documents and guidelines in Table 7.1 also relate to waste management and disposal:
Table 7.1 Other relevant documents and information
|
Bureau / Department |
Documents / Guidelines / Technical
Circulars |
|
Development
Bureau |
· WBTC No. 2/93, Public
Dumps · WBTC No 2/93B, Public
Filling Facilities · WBTC No. 16/96, Wet Soil
in Public Dumps · WBTC Nos. 4/98 and 4/98A,
Use of Public Fill in Reclamation and Earth Filling Project · WBTC No. 12/2000, Fill
Management · WBTC No. 19/2001,
Metallic Site Hoardings and Signboards · WBTC No. 12/2002,
Specification Facilitating the Use of Recycled Aggregates · ETWB TCW No. 34/2002,
Management of Dredged / Excavated Sediment · ETWB TCW No. 19/2005,
Environmental Management on
Construction Site · ETWB TCW No. 33/2002” for Management of Construction and Demolition
Material Including Rock · DEVB TCW No. 06/2010,
Trip-ticket System for Disposal of Construction and Demolition Material · DEVB TCW No. 08/2010,
Enhanced Specification for Site Cleanliness and Tidiness · DEVB TCW No. 09/2011,
Enhanced Control Measures for Management of Public Fill |
|
CEDD |
· Project Administrative Handbook
for Civil Engineering Works, 2012 Edition |
|
EPD
/ CEDD |
· New Disposal Arrangements
for Construction Waste (1992) |
|
EPD |
· Waste Disposal Plan for
Hong Kong (December 1989) · Waste Reduction Framework
Plan, 1998 to 2007 · A Policy Framework for
Management of Municipal Solid Waste (2005 -2014), (December 2005) · Code of Practice on the
Packaging, Labelling and Storage of Chemical Wastes (1992) · Practice Guide for
Investigation and Remediation of Contaminated Land (2011) · Guidance Note for
Contaminated Land Assessment and Remediation, (2007) · Guidance Manual for Use
of Risk-based Remediation Goals for Contaminated Land Management, (2007) |
|
PlanD |
· Hong Kong Planning
Standards and Guidelines, Chapter 9 (Section 6 – Waste Management) |
7.2.1.1 The assessment of waste management implications from handling, storage, collection, transportation and disposal of solid waste materials generated by the landuse proposal have been undertaken in accordance with Annexes 7 and 15 of the TM-EIAO and the EIA Study Brief (EIA Study Brief No. ESB-283/2014).
7.2.1.2 The waste management hierarchy has been applied in the assessment and development of mitigation measures for waste. The waste management hierarchy is a concept which shows the desirability of various waste management methods and comprises the following in order of preference:
·
Avoidance;
·
Minimisation;
·
Recycling/reuse;
·
Treatment; and
·
Disposal.
7.2.1.3 All opportunities for reducing waste generation have been assessed based upon the following factors:
·
Avoiding or minimising waste generation
throughout design, construction and operational phase;
·
Adopting better management practices to
promote segregation materials;
·
Reuse and recycling on site or other
projects; and
·
Diverting C&D materials to public
fills as the last resort.
7.2.2 Analysis of Activities and Waste Generation
7.2.2.1
The quantity, quality and
timing of the waste arising as a result of the construction activities of the
Project and associated infrastructures have been estimated based on the sequence and duration of these
activities. The design, general layout, construction methods and programme to
minimise the generation of public fill/ inert C&D materials for the
construction works have been considered.
7.2.2.2 For operational phase, preliminary quantity of municipal solid waste to be generated, recycled and disposal of has been estimated based on the targeted population assigned in the RODP.
7.3 Identification and Evaluation of Waste Management Implications
7.3.1.1
The waste implication
during construction and operational phase due to the development generally
includes the following:
7.3.2
Construction Phase
7.3.2.1 Based on the current design, it is anticipated that a variety of wastes would be generated during construction phase that can be divided into the following categories based on their compositions:
·
Site clearance wastes;
·
Site formation wastes;
·
Waste from construction of buildings and
structures;
·
Excavated marine sediments;
·
Chemical wastes;
·
General refuse; and
·
Floating refuse.
7.3.2.2 No land contamination is anticipated as the PDA at TCE will be formed on reclaimed land. For PDA at TCW, since any contaminated sites identified within the PDA at TCW are currently in operation and located in private lots, they could only be remediated prior to the commencement of the construction works, as such no excavation of contaminated soil is anticipated.
7.3.2.3 The construction phase of the Project will be implemented in a number of phases. Details and time periods of each phase are summarised in the following table.
Table 7.2 Implementation programme of the construction works
|
Activities |
Phasing |
Period |
Duration (month) |
|
Reclamation |
Phase 1 (Reclamation) |
Q3 2017 to Q4 2023 |
76 |
|
Site
clearance and site formation |
Phase 1 (Service Reservoir) |
Q3 2018 to Q2 2020 |
24 |
|
Phase 1 (Tung Chung East) |
New reclaimed site and no site formation / site clearance is assumed. |
n/a |
|
|
Phase 2 (Tung Chung East) |
n/a |
||
|
Phase 3 (Tung Chung East) |
n/a |
||
|
Phase 4 (Tung Chung East) |
n/a |
||
|
Phase 1 (Tung Chung West) |
Q2 2019 to Q2 2020 |
13 |
|
|
Phase 2 (Tung Chung West) |
Q2 2022 to Q2 2023 |
13 |
|
|
Construction
of new buildings and infrastructures |
Phase 1 (Service Reservoir) |
Q3 2020 to Q2 2022 |
24 |
|
Road P1 (Tung Chung – Tai Ho Section) |
Q1 2021 to Q1 2024 |
37 |
|
|
Phase 1 (Tung Chung East) |
Q2 2019 to Q3 2023 |
54 |
|
|
Phase 2 (Tung Chung East) |
Q4 2020 to Q4 2024 |
50 |
|
|
Phase 3 (Tung Chung East) |
Q4 2022 to Q4 2027 |
62 |
|
|
Phase 4 (Tung Chung East) |
Q1 2024 to Q1 2030 |
75 |
|
|
Phase 1 (Tung Chung West) |
Q2 2019 to Q4 2023 |
57 |
|
|
Phase 2 (Tung Chung West) |
Q2 2022 to Q4 2030 |
105 |
7.3.2.4 The estimated amount of different types of wastes to be generated during construction phase is summarised in Table 7.3.
Table 7.3 Estimated quantity of different types of wastes to be generated during construction phase
|
Activities |
Phasing |
Quantity of waste to be generated
(m3) |
||||||||
|
Top soil [1] |
Inert soft C&D material [2] |
Rock [3] |
Artificial hard material [4] |
Non-inert C&D material [5] |
Vegetation[6] |
Chemical waste |
General refuse |
Floating Refuse |
||
|
Reclamation |
Phase 1 (Reclamation) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
A few hundred
litres per month |
3,659 tonnes |
11.5 m3 per year |
|
Site clearance |
Phase 1 (Service Reservoir) |
5,500 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
5,000 |
|||
|
Road P1
(Tung Chung – Tai Ho Section) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||||
|
Phase 1
(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||||
|
Phase 2
(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||||
|
Phase 3
(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||||
|
Phase 4
(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||||
|
Phase 1
(TCW) |
8,400 |
0 |
0 |
300 |
0 |
8,000 |
||||
|
Phase 2
(TCW) |
28,900 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
25,000 |
||||
|
Site formation |
Phase 1
(Service Reservoir) |
0 |
121,000 |
107,000 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Road P1
(Tung Chung – Tai Ho Section) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||||
|
Phase 1
(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||||
|
Phase 2
(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||||
|
Phase 3
(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||||
|
Phase 4
(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||||
|
Phase 1
(TCW) |
0 |
573,000 |
50,000 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||||
|
Phase 2
(TCW) |
0 |
50,800 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||||
|
Construction of new buildings and structures |
Phase 1 (Service Reservoir) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1,500 |
400 |
0 |
|||
|
Road P1
(Tung Chung – Tai Ho Section) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
6,400 |
1,600 |
0 |
||||
|
Phase 1
(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
31,200 |
7,800 |
0 |
||||
|
Phase 2
(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
25,400 |
6,400 |
0 |
||||
|
Phase 3
(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
61,000 |
15,300 |
0 |
||||
|
Phase 4
(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
69,300 |
17,400 |
0 |
||||
|
Phase 1
(TCW) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
27,000 |
6,800 |
0 |
||||
|
Phase 2
(TCW) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
19,200 |
4,800 |
0 |
||||
Notes:
[1]
"Top
soil" is assumed to be "inert" C&D materials.
[2]
“Inert
soft C&D material” includes, but not limited to, excavated soil.
[3]
“Rock”
includes all grade rock.
[4]
“Artificial
hard material” includes, but not limited to, broken concrete, asphalt, bitumen
and granular materials, etc.
[5]
“Non-inert
C&D material” includes, but not limited to, bamboo, timber, paper and
plastic, etc.
[6]
Vegetation
is non-inert C&D material.
Site Clearance Wastes
7.3.2.5 Site clearance waste will be generated mainly from the site clearance of existing ground surface at TCW and existing roads for the erection of associated infrastructures. The waste will mainly consist of top soil, rock, vegetation and artificial hard material.
7.3.2.6 It is estimated that total approximately 42,800m3 top soil, 300m3 artificial hard material and 38,000m3 vegetation would be generated during the whole site clearance phases. The breakdown of site clearance waste generated during each phase is summarised in Table 7.4.
7.3.2.7 All generated top soil and artificial hard material would be reused on-site as backfill material. Off-site disposal is not required. In addition, 38,000m3 vegetation would be disposed to landfill. Summary of the recommendation outlets of the C&D materials is summarized in Table 7.13.
Table 7.4 Summary
of C&D material volumes generated during site clearance
|
Phasing |
Period |
Top soil (m3) |
Inert soft C&D material (m3)
[1] |
Rock (m3) [2] |
Artificial hard material (m3)
[3] |
Non-inert C&D material (m3)
[4] |
Vegetation (m3) |
|
Phase 1 (Reclamation) |
Q3 2017 to Q4 2023 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Phase 1 (Service Reservoir) |
Q3 2018 to Q2 2020 |
5,500 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
5,000 |
|
Phase 1 (TCE) |
New reclaimed site and no site formation / site clearance is assumed. |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Phase 2 (TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
Phase 3 (TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
Phase 4 (TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
Phase 1 (TCW) |
Q2 2019 to Q2 2020 |
8,400 |
0 |
0 |
300 |
0 |
8,000 |
|
Phase 2 (TCW) |
Q2 2022 to Q2 2023 |
28,900 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
25,000 |
|
Total |
42,800 |
0 |
0 |
300 |
0 |
38,000 |
|
Notes:
[1] “Inert soft C&D material” includes, but
not limited to, excavated soil.
[2] “Rock” includes all grade rock.
[3] “Artificial hard material” includes, but not
limited to, broken concrete, asphalt, bitumen and granular materials, etc.
[4] “Non-inert C&D material” includes, but
not limited to, bamboo, timber, paper and plastic, etc.
7.3.2.8 With proper implementation of good construction site practices and mitigation measures, the on-site handling and reuse of site clearance waste would not cause adverse environmental impacts.
Site Formation Wastes
7.3.2.9 Site formation waste will be generated mainly from excavation works during site formation within the PDAs and minor excavation works for the associated infrastructures. The waste will mainly consist of inert soft C&D material.
7.3.2.10 It is estimated that total approximately 744,800m3 inert soft C&D material and 157,000m3 rock would be generated, while artificial hard material and non-inert C&D material would not be generated during the whole site formation phase. The breakdown of site formation waste generated during each phase is summarised in Table 7.5.
7.3.2.11 All generated inert soft C&D materials and rock would be reused on-site as backfill material. Off-site disposal is not required. Summary of the recommendation outlets of the C&D materials is summarized in Table 7.13.
Table 7.5 Summary of C&D materials volumes generated during site formation
|
Phasing |
Period |
Inert soft C&D material (m3)
[1] |
Rock (m3) [2] |
Artificial hard material (m3)
[3] |
Non-inert C&D material (m3)
[4] |
|
Phase 1 (Reclamation) |
Q3 2017 to Q4 2023 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Phase 1 (Service Reservoir) |
Q3 2018 to Q2 2020 |
121,000 |
107,000 |
0 |
0 |
|
Phase 1 (TCE) |
New reclaimed site and no site formation / site clearance is assumed. |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Phase 2 (TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
Phase 3 (TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
Phase 4 (TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
Phase 1 (TCW) |
Q2 2019 to Q2 2020 |
573,000 |
50,000 |
0 |
0 |
|
Phase 2 (TCW) |
Q2 2022 to Q2 2023 |
50,800 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
Total |
744,800 |
157,000 |
0 |
0 |
|
Notes:
[1] “Inert soft C&D material” includes, but
not limited to, excavated soil.
[2] “Rock” includes all grade rock.
[3] “Artificial hard material” includes, but not
limited to, broken concrete, asphalt, bitumen and granular materials, etc.
[4] “Non-inert C&D material” includes, but
not limited to, bamboo, timber, paper and plastic, etc.
7.3.2.12 With the proper implementation of good construction site practices and mitigation measures, the on-site handling and reuse of C&D materials would not cause adverse environmental impacts.
Construction of New Buildings
and Structures
7.3.2.13 The construction of new buildings and structures would also generate the C&D materials. The inert portion of the C&D materials including broken concrete, rock etc. is referred to public fill and the non-inert portion including packing materials and general refuse is referred to construction waste and would be disposed of at landfill. The buildings and structures to be constructed from the Project are shown in Table 7.6.
Table
7.6 Major
construction works from the Project
|
Phasing |
Proposed uses |
Descriptions |
|
Phase 1 (TCE) |
Commercial |
Construction will
include substructure and superstructure of new buildings |
|
Residential |
||
|
Government / institution or community |
||
|
Phase 2 (TCE) |
Commercial |
|
|
Residential |
||
|
Government / institution or community |
||
|
Phase 3 (TCE) |
Commercial |
|
|
Residential |
||
|
Government / institution or community |
||
|
Phase 4 (TCE) |
Commercial |
|
|
Residential |
||
|
Government / institution or community |
||
|
Phase 1 (TCW) |
Commercial |
|
|
Residential |
||
|
Government / institution or community |
||
|
Phase 2 (TCW) |
Commercial |
|
|
Residential |
||
|
Government / institution or community |
7.3.2.14 The total estimated gross floor area (GFA) of the proposed development in the assessment area is approximately 2,912,500m2.
7.3.2.15 In accordance with the “Reduction of Construction Waste Final Report, Hong Kong Polytechnic University (March 1993)”, a C&D materials generation rate of 0.1m3 per 1m2 of GFA is adopted. It is estimated that approximately total 301,200m3 of C&D materials would be generated from construction of the buildings and structures of proposed development. The estimated waste quantities presented in this EIA Report are extracted from and consistent with the the latest C&DMMP, which is separately prepared and submitted to Public Fill Committee of CEDD for approval on September 2015 and the endorsement letter is appended in Appendix 7.1. It is understood that, as the design development progresses, the C&DMMP may need to be adjusted as appropriately and all the updates would need to be separately agreed with Public Fill Committee of CEDD. Construction work should not proceed until all issues on management of C&D materials have been resolved and all relevant arrangements have been endorsed by the relevant authorities including PFC and EPD.
7.3.2.16 The estimated amount of C&D materials to be generated during the construction of buildings and structures is summarized in Table 7.7.
Table 7.7 Summary of C&D materials generated during construction of buildings and structures
|
Phasing |
Period |
GFA (m2) |
Total C&D
material generated (m3) [1] |
Artificial hard material (m3) [2][3] |
Non-inert
C&D material (m3) [2][4] |
|
Phase 1
(Service Reservoir) |
Q3 2020 to Q2 2022 |
-- |
1,900 |
1,500 |
400 |
|
Road P1
(Tung Chung – Tai Ho Section) |
Q1 2021 to Q1 2024 |
-- |
8,000 |
6,400 |
1,600 |
|
Phase 1 (TCE) |
Q2 2019 to Q3 2023 |
390,000 |
39,000 |
31,200 |
7,800 |
|
Phase 2 (TCE) |
Q4 2020 to Q4 2024 |
317,100 |
31,700 |
25,400 |
6,400 |
|
Phase 3 (TCE) |
Q4 2022 to Q4 2027 |
762,600 |
76,300 |
61,000 |
15,300 |
|
Phase 4 (TCE) |
Q1 2024 to Q1 2030 |
866,200 |
86,600 |
69,300 |
17,400 |
|
Phase 1 (TCW) |
Q2 2019 to Q4 2023 |
337,000 |
33,700 |
27,000 |
6,800 |
|
Phase 2 (TCW) |
Q2 2022 to Q4 2030 |
239,600 |
24,000 |
19,200 |
4,800 |
|
Total |
2,912,500 |
301,200 |
241,000 |
60,500 |
|
Notes:
[1] Reduction of
Construction Waste Final Report, Hong Kong Polytechnic University (March 1993)
[2] Approximately ratio for (inert waste) :
(non-inert waste) is 8:2 “Monitoring of Solid Waste in Hong Kong, 1997” by EPD
[3] The inert waste mainly is Artificial Hard
Material (AHM) which includes, but not limited to, broken concrete, asphalt,
bitumen and granular materials, etc.
[4] “Non-inert C&D material” includes, but
not limited to, bamboo, timber, paper and plastic, etc.
[5] Values are rounded off to hundred
7.3.2.17 C&D materials can be minimised through careful planning during the detailed design stage and with good site practice during construction. This includes the use of non-timber formwork and temporary works and on-site sorting of the C&D materials for reuse and recycling as far as practicable.
7.3.2.18 With the proper implementation of good construction site practices and mitigation measures, potential impacts associated with on-site handling and transportation to disposal sites are not expected.
Transportation Routing and
Frequency of Truck/ Vessels for Waste Disposal
7.3.2.19 The Contractor will be requested to use the shortest route to transfer the wastes generated from the Project (e.g. non-inert C&D materials, vegetation, general refuse) via the existing North Lantau Highway to leave North Lantau through Kap Shui Mun Bridge and Tsing Ma Bridge to the dedicated landfill, e.g. WENT Landfill, for disposal. For surpluses artificial hard material after reuse, they will be transferred via the same above mentioned routing to the nearest public fill reception facilities (e.g. Tuen Mun Area 38 Fill Bank) for disposal. It is estimated maximum around 15 trucks per day would deliver to the dedicated landfill at peak of the construction period.
7.3.2.20 No barging points, conveyor system nor stockpiling areas will be established in the Project area.
Excavated Contaminated
Soil and Sediment
Contaminated Soil
7.3.2.21
Potentially contaminated areas within the PDAs
have been identified based on desktop review and the information collected
during site survey. The areas
with those activities, posing the potential for contamination, have been
identified in accordance with the criteria in EPD’s Practice Guide for Investigation and Remediation of Contaminated Land.
7.3.2.22
Environmental SI is
recommended to be carried out at 4 potentially contaminated sites (TC-1, TC-4,
TC-9 and TC-10) to determine the types and quantities of contaminants as
proposed in the Contamination Assessment Plan (CAP) submitted to EPD on 24 July
2015 and the CAP had been subsequently approved in 31 July 2015. (See Appendix 8.1).
7.3.2.23
TC-1
is a recycling materials storage areas located at the junction between Chui
Kwan Drive and Yat Tung Street. TC-4 is site with
petrol filling activities located adjacent to Chung Mun Road. TC-9 and TC-10
are both car repairing workshops located in Shek Lau Po. The locations of 4
potentially contaminated sites can be referred to Figure 8.2.
7.3.2.24 The proposed environmental SI works for these areas should commence once the operation is terminated and after land resumption. Since any contaminated soil identified will be properly remediated prior to the commencement of the construction works, no excavation of contaminated soil is anticipated. Details could be referred to the land contamination section in Chapter 8.
Marine-based Sediment
7.3.2.25
In addition, a
Sediment Sampling and Testing Plan (SSTP) documented
the methodologies of the marine SI for the proposed reclamation works in TCE has
been submitted and approved by EPD in January 2014 under the previous EIA
Study Brief (No. ESB-251/2012). With a new EIA Study Brief issued in April 2015
(No. ESB-285/2015), a Sediment Quality Review Report (SQRR) has been prepared.
7.3.2.26
Since the proposed
reclamation method, potential phasing and the locations of the connection
between the existing and the proposed box culverts as described in previously
approved SSTP remain unchanged, and the vibrocores conducted under previous EIA
Study Brief (EIA SB No.: ESB-251/2012) are still able to cover the latest
boundary of the reclamation extent of the PDA at TCE, the locations of vibrocores
proposed in the approved SSTP are still considered applicable. Moreover, the
sediment sampling, corresponding chemical and biological testing completed in
early 2014 were conducted in accordance with the methodology presented in the
approved SSTP.
7.3.2.27
Secondly, the sediment
sampling was completed in end February 2014, which is less than 3 years at the
time of this report submission, and there is no change in the existing marine
condition within the vicinity after the completion of sediment sampling. Moreover,
no additional pollution sources were added to the proposed reclamation area.
7.3.2.28
Though sediment would
inevitably be excavated from the foundation/ piling works during building
construction at the newly reclaimed area in TCE, the existing sediment sampling
grids (as shown in Figure 7.1) have already covered
more than half of the PDA at TCE and the sediment quality along the PDA
boundary is fairly uniform, the quality of the remaining areas of the PDA will
be interpreted based on the existing sediment testing results and the detailed
estimation has been included in subsequent sections under “Land-based Sediment”.
7.3.2.29
In addition, application
for dumping permit under Dumping at Sea Ordinance Cap. 466 (DASO) will still be
required for the future respective project proponent/ developers if their
building projects will involve excavation and marine disposal of sediment
subject to their detailed design in later stage. Considering the filling
activities to be carried out during reclamation process will compress the
existing marine deposit layer, the existing depth and thickness of the marine
deposit layer would not be able to represent the future geological composition
after reclamation. Sediment sampling and testing as stipulated in “EWTB
Technical Circular (Works) No. 34/2002” or "Building Department's Practice
Note for Authorized Persons and Registered Structural Engineers (PNAP)
ADV-21" will still be conducted at the time of construction.
7.3.2.30
Based on the above
mentioned justifications, the locations of vibrocores and the validity of
sediment quality based on marine sediment sampling conducted in early 2014 are
still considered applicable and no additional sediment sampling within the PDA
at TCE is thus required.
7.3.2.31 For both the reclamation works and seawall construction for Road P1 (Tung Chung – Tai Ho Section), non-dredged method will be applied throughout the construction process. The filling activities to be carried out during reclamation process will compress the existing marine deposit layer. Thus, the existing depth and thickness of the marine deposit layer would not be able to represent the future geological composition after reclamation. In addition, the thickness of marine sediment might change after the reclamation for Road P1 (Tung Chung – Tai Ho Section). Besides, the exact locations of piling works for the viaduct section of Road P1 (Tung Chung – Tai Ho Section), which might require excavation of marine deposit, could not be confirmed under this feasibility stage. As such, even if sediment sampling is conducted at this stage, the sample data collected is still considered not representative.
7.3.2.32
Furthermore, the
anticipated excavated marine sediment, if any, is relatively small as compared
to that generated from building works within PDA at TCE. Similar to that for
PDA at TCE, application for dumping permit under DASO may still be required for
the future respective project proponent if marine disposal of excavated sediment
is required. On the other hand, given the small amount of anticipated excavated
marine sediment, the practicability of maximising on-site reuse/ backfill of
the excavated marine sediment within the non-development area/ landscape area
of the Project should be duly considered to avoid/ minimise the marine disposal
of marine sediment. The criteria for reuse of treated marine sediments, by
means of cement stabilization/ solidification, should be made reference to the
Universal Treatment Standards (UTS) which specify the Toxicity Characteristics
Leaching Procedure (TCLP) test limits presented in Table 4.6 of the Practice Guide for Investigation and
Remediation of Contaminated Land. Moreover, the treated material should
also comply with other applicable standards, for example Unconfined Compressive
Strength (UCS) standard as mentioned in Section 4.1 of the Practice Guide for Investigation and Remediation of Contaminated Land.
Marine disposal of marine sediment should be considered as last resort after
consideration on the reduction and on-site reuse/ backfill of the excavated
marine sediment. As such, sediment sampling for Road P1 (Tung Chung – Tai Ho
Section) is not required at this stage. The sediment quality of the areas
requiring piling works for Road P1 (Tung Chung – Tai Ho Section) will be
interpreted based on the nearby relevant sediment testing results from TCE and
the detailed estimation will be included in the EIA Report.
7.3.2.33 The SQRR which was submitted to EPD on 22 June 2015 and is attached in Appendix 7.2.
7.3.2.34 The marine SI was commenced in late January 2014 and was completed in end February 2014 in accordance with the previous approved SSTP dated January 2014 in which the sediment samples were collected accordingly to ETWB TCW No. 34/2002 ie. at seabed surface, 0.9m, 1.9m, 2.9m and then every 3m to the bottom of the dredged layers. Based on the geological cross sections in Tung Chung East, the anticipated depth of marine deposit in the area is larger than 10m, as such it is estimated that there will be at least 5 vibrocore sub-samples at each vibrocore locations (i.e. 0.9m, 1.9m, 2.9m, 5.9m, and 8.9m).
7.3.2.35 A total of 188 sediment samples had been collected from 28 drillholes (see Figure 7.1) and tested. The chemical testing results indicate that 125 samples were Category L (contaminants concentrations ≤ Lower Chemical Exceedance Level (LCEL)), 62 samples were classified as Category M (contaminants concentrations > LCEL & ≤ Upper Chemical Exceedance Level (UCEL)), and 1 was Category H (contaminants concentrations > UCEL). The 62 Category M sediment samples were subjected to biological screening test. 60 of the Category M sediment samples passed and 2 failed. Summary of the chemical and biological screening tests results and the corresponding disposal options are given in Table 7.8 below. The laboratory testing reports are documented in Appendix 7.3 and the detail result summary is given in Appendix 7.4.
Table 7.8 Summary of chemical and biological screening results
|
Category |
No. of Samples |
Biological Screening |
Remarks |
|
Category L |
125 |
N/A |
Type 1 – Open Sea |
|
Category M |
62 |
60 samples – Passed |
Type I – Open Sea (Dedicated
Sites) |
|
2 samples – Failed |
Type 2 – Confined Marine Disposal |
||
|
Category H (> UCEL) |
1 |
N/A |
Type 2 – Confined Marine Disposal |
7.3.2.36 However, based on the latest engineering design, non-dredged method, which has been well adopted/ proposed in recent reclamation project such as HKBCF and 3RS, will be adopted for both the reclamation works and the construction of the seawall at the PDA at TCE and Road P1 (Tung Chung – Tai Ho Section). Therefore, no dredging of marine sediment is anticipated due to the construction works of the Project.
Land-based Sediment
7.3.2.37
Foundation/ piling works
during building construction at the newly reclaimed area in TCE and foundation
works for the construction of Road P1 (Tung Chung – Tai Ho Section) may result
in the excavation of land-based sediment. However, since the building layout and
construction method is subject to change at the detailed design stage, it is
therefore considered more suitable for the issue regarding the potential
excavation of land-based sediment from the future reclaimed land to be dealt
with when more information is available.
7.3.2.38 Nevertheless, an estimation on the quantity and quality of the land-based sediment to be generated from the foundation/ piling works has been done based on the data obtained from the existing sediment sampling grids.
7.3.2.39 Considering that the existing sediment sampling grids already covered more than half of the PDA and that the sediment quality along the boundary of the PDA is fairly uniform with no existing pollution sources in the vicinity, the assumption is considered reasonable.
7.3.2.40 It should be noted that any underground facilities proposed would be less than a few stories deep. Taking into account that the depth of the fill materials would be around 11m, excavation of the underground facilities is unlikely to generate sediment for disposal. Hence, only piling works have been considered. In addition, an assumption of 50% of the piles will be replacement type (e.g. bored pile) and the remaining will be displacement type (e.g. driven pile) has been adopted in the estimation based on previous project experience.
7.3.2.41 In addition, it is anticipated that a small amount of land-based sediment will also be excavated for the foundation work of Road P1 (Tung Chung – Tai Ho Section) at the locations of abutments and piers. An assumption of 100% replacement type piling (e.g. bored pile) has been adopted in the estimation for Road P1 (Tung Chung – Tai Ho Section) which is a common practice for bridge/ viaduct construction projects.
7.3.2.42 Based on the above assumptions, the estimated quantity of land-based sediment to be generated from the piling works is 48,700m3 (for building construction work in TCE and foundation works for construction of Road P1 (Tung Chung – Tai Ho Section) are 47,000m3 and 1,700m3 respectively). The breakdown for each disposal options is summarised in the Table 7.9.
Table 7.9 Estimated quantities of land-based sediment to be generated
|
Category |
Period |
Excavated Volume (in-situ)
(m3) |
|
|
TCE |
Road P1 (Tung Chung – Tai
Ho Section) |
||
|
Type 1 – Open Sea |
Road P1 (Tung Chung
– Tai Ho Section): Q1 2021 to Q1 2024 |
38,000 |
750 |
|
Type 1 – Open Sea (Dedicated
Sites) |
Phase 1
(TCE): Q2 2019
to Q3 2023 |
||
|
Phase 2 (TCE): Q4 2020 to Q4 2024 |
8,800 |
750 |
|
|
Phase 3 (TCE): Q4 2022 to Q4 2027 |
|||
|
Type 2 – Confined Marine Disposal |
Phase 4 (TCE): Q1 2024 to Q1 2030 |
200 |
200 |
|
Total |
47,000 |
1,700 |
|
7.3.2.43 For the future building construction at the newly reclaimed area in TCE, the relevant project proponent(s) will be required to submit sediment sampling and testing plan to the DASO team of EPD when applying for the dumping permit under the DASO in the event that marine disposal of excavated sediment is involved. Confirmation from Marine Fill Committee (MFC) on the proposed disposal arrangement will be obtained before the commencement of the construction works. Dredging/excavation work should not proceed until all issues on management of dredged/excavated sediments have been resolved and all relevant arrangements have been endorsed by the relevant authorities including MFC and EPD.
Chemical Waste
7.3.2.44 Materials classified as chemical waste are listed in the Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation. The major chemical waste types arising from the construction sites may include the following:
·
scrap batteries;
·
spent hydraulic oil and waste fuel;
·
spent lubrication oil and cleaning fluids
from mechanical machinery; and
·
spent solvent from equipment cleaning
activities.
7.3.2.45 Chemical waste may pose the following potential environmental, health and safety hazards if not stored and disposed of appropriately:
·
toxic effects to workers;
·
adverse impacts on water quality from
spills and associated adverse impacts on fresh water biota; and
·
fire hazards.
7.3.2.46 It is difficult to quantify the amount of chemical wastes as it would be highly dependent on the Contractor’s on-site maintenance practice and the quantities of plant and vehicles utilized.
7.3.2.47 Storage, handling, transport and disposal of chemical waste should be arranged in accordance with the Code of Practice on the Packaging, Labelling and Storage of Chemical Waste published by the EPD. Chemical waste should be collected by a licensed collector and to be disposed of via the existing North Lantau Highway to leave North Lantau through Kap Shui Mun Bridge and Tsing Ma Bridge to the Chemical Waste Treatment Centre (CWTC) in Tsing Yi. Since the estimated amount of chemical waste to be generated is small (a few hundred litres per month), the frequency of trucks required for chemical waste disposal will be kept at minimal. Wherever possible, opportunities for the reuse and recycling of materials will be taken. Mitigation measures for chemical wastes are detailed in Section 7.4.1. Provided that the handling, storage and disposal of chemical wastes are in accordance with these requirements, potential environmental impacts (including potential hazard, air and odour emissions, noise, wastewater discharge and public transport) are not expected.
7.3.2.48 The estimated amount of chemical waste to be generated during construction phase is summarized in Table 7.10.
Table 7.10 Summary of chemical waste during construction phase
|
Waste type |
Total amount
generated |
|
Scrap batteries |
A few hundred litres per month |
|
Spent hydraulic oil and waste fuel |
|
|
Spent lubrication oil and cleaning fluids |
|
|
Spent solvent |
General Refuse
7.3.2.49 The construction workers would generate refuse comprising food wastes, waste paper, aluminium cans and plastic bottles during construction period.
7.3.2.50 The storage of general refuse may give rise to adverse environmental impacts. These could include water quality, odour and visual impact; and in the form of windblown litter. The construction site may also attract pests and vermin if the storage areas are not well maintained and cleaned regularly. In addition, disposal of waste at sites other than the approved disposal facilities could also lead to similar adverse impacts at those sites.
7.3.2.51
The number of work force
(clerical staff and workers) to be employed for the Project is not available at
this stage, but it is anticipated to be around maximum 2,700 staff at the peak
of the construction period (while Phase 1 Reclamation, Road P1 (Tung Chung –
Tai Ho Section), Phase 1 (TCE), Phase 2 (TCE), Phase 3 (TCE), Phase 1 (TCW) and
Phase 2 (TCW) is under construction at around mid 2022 to late 2023) subject to Engineer’s confirmation. Based on
the generation rate of 0.65kg/person/day, the total refuse generated per day
(maximum) would be about 1,755kg/day. The estimated amount of general refuse
generated during construction phase is summarized in Table 7.11.
Table 7.11 Summary of general refuse during construction phase
|
Phasing |
Period |
No. of work force |
Waste generation rate (kg/person/day) |
Daily waste generation (kg/day) |
Duration (month) |
Approximate Total amount generated
(tonne) [1] |
|
Phase 1 (Reclamation) |
Q3 2017 to Q4 2023 |
400 |
0.65 |
260 |
76 |
514 |
|
Phase 1 (Service Reservoir) |
Q3 2018 to Q2 2022 |
200 |
0.65 |
130 |
48 |
162 |
|
Road P1 (Tung Chung – Tai Ho Section) |
Q1 2021 to Q1 2024 |
200 |
0.65 |
130 |
37 |
125 |
|
Phase 1 (TCE) |
Q2 2019 to Q3 2023 |
500 |
0.65 |
325 |
54 |
456 |
|
Phase 2 (TCE) |
Q4 2020 to Q4 2024 |
500 |
0.65 |
325 |
50 |
423 |
|
Phase 3 (TCE) |
Q4 2022 to Q4 2027 |
500 |
0.65 |
325 |
62 |
524 |
|
Phase 4 (TCE) |
Q1 2024 to Q1 2030 |
500 |
0.65 |
325 |
75 |
634 |
|
Phase 1 (TCW) |
Q2 2019 to Q4 2023 |
300 |
0.65 |
195 |
57 |
289 |
|
Phase 2 (TCW) |
Q1
2022 to Q4 2030 |
300 |
0.65 |
195 |
105 |
532 |
|
Total |
3,659 |
|||||
Note:
[1] Assume 26 working
days per month.
7.3.2.52 In order to minimize the final disposal quantities of general refuse, provisions of recycle bins for different types of recyclable waste should be provided together with a general refuse bin. Arrangements should be made with the recycling companies to collect the recycle waste as required. The Contractor should implement an education programme for workers relating to avoiding, reducing, reusing and recycling general waste. Participation in a local collection scheme should be considered by the Contractor to facilitate waste reduction.
7.3.2.53 Provided that the mitigation measures are adopted, the potential environmental impacts caused by the storage, handling transport and disposal of general refuse are expected to be minimal. It is recommended that general refuse should be collected on a daily basis for disposal.
Floating Refuse
7.3.2.54 Floating refuse may be accumulated in the newly constructed seawall during the construction phase. As mentioned in Section 7.3.3, it is estimated that approximately 11.5m3 of the floating refuse will be collected from the newly constructed seawall during each year of construction.
7.3.2.55 Most of the future artificial seawall of the Project has been properly designed to achieve a smooth shoreline that does not have any sharp turns or abrupt indentation in order to avoid or minimise any trapped or accumulated refuse. For the marina however, a relatively confined water space is required to provide safe parking location for the vessels. During the construction period, the contractors will be required to check and clean any refuse trapped or accumulated along the newly constructed seawall on a regular basis and as required. As such, with the proper seawall design and regular checking and cleaning of such refuse, no adverse environmental impact associated with floating refuse are anticipated.
Construction Phase Waste
Summary
7.3.2.56 A summary of the construction waste arising from the works area with recommendation for outlets during construction phase is presented in Table 7.12.
7.3.2.57 In order to minimize the disposal off site of all inert C&D materials (e.g. top soil, inert soft C&D materials, AHM), the requirements of the reuse of the inert C&D materials shall be clearly specified in relevant construction works contract. In addition, coordination committee will also be setup amongst all concurrent construction contact to allow best reuse of the inert C&D materials within the entire project. Should there be any surpluses AHM necessary for off-site disposal, it is recommended to be disposed at public fill reception facilities.
Table 7.12 Summary of
waste arising from the works area with recommendation for outlets during
construction phase
|
Activities |
Waste
type |
Phasing |
Total
amount generated (m3) |
Total
amount reused (m3) |
Total
amount disposed (m3) |
Recommended
outlets |
|
Reclamation |
Top soil |
Phase
1 (Reclamation) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
-- |
|
Inert soft C&D materials [1] |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Rock [2] |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
AHM [3] |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Non-inert C&D materials [4] |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Vegetation |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Site clearance |
Top soil |
Phase 1
(Service Reservoir) |
5,500 |
5,500 |
0 |
Reuse within the site |
|
Road P1 (Tung
Chung – Tai Ho Section) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 1(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 2(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 3(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 4(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 1(TCW) |
8,400 |
8,400 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 2(TCW) |
28,900 |
28,900 |
0 |
|||
|
AHM [3] |
Phase 1
(Service Reservoir) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Reuse within the site as much as possible [5] |
|
|
Road P1 (Tung
Chung – Tai Ho Section) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 1(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 2(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 3(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 4(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 1(TCW) |
300 |
300 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 2(TCW) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Vegetation |
Phase 1
(Service Reservoir) |
5000 |
0 |
5000 |
Disposal to landfill |
|
|
Road P1 (Tung
Chung – Tai Ho Section) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 1(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 2(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 3(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 4(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 1(TCW) |
8,000 |
0 |
8,000 |
|||
|
Phase 2(TCW) |
25,000 |
0 |
25,000 |
|||
|
Site formation |
Inert soft C&D materials [1] |
Phase 1
(Service Reservoir) |
121,000 |
121,000 |
0 |
Reuse within the site |
|
Road P1 (Tung
Chung – Tai Ho Section) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 1(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 2(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 3(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 4(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 1(TCW) |
573,000 |
573,000 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 2(TCW) |
50,800 |
50,800 |
0 |
|||
|
Rock [2] |
Phase 1
(Service Reservoir) |
107,000 |
107,000 |
0 |
Reuse within the site |
|
|
Road P1 (Tung
Chung – Tai Ho Section) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 1(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 2(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 3(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 4(TCE) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 1(TCW) |
50,000 |
50,000 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 2(TCW) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|||
|
Construction of new buildings and structures |
AHM [3] |
Phase 1
(Service Reservoir) |
1,500 |
1,500 |
0 |
Reuse within the site as much as possible [5] |
|
Road P1 (Tung
Chung – Tai Ho Section) |
6,400 |
6,400 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 1(TCE) |
31,200 |
31,200 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 2(TCE) |
25,400 |
25,400 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 3(TCE) |
61,000 |
61,000 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 4(TCE) |
69,300 |
69,300 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 1(TCW) |
27,000 |
27,000 |
0 |
|||
|
Phase 2(TCW) |
19,200 |
19,200 |
0 |
|||
|
Non-inert C&D materials [4] |
Phase 1
(Service Reservoir) |
400 |
0 |
400 |
Reuse and recycle as much as possible before disposal to landfill |
|
|
Road P1 (Tung
Chung – Tai Ho Section) |
1,600 |
0 |
1,600 |
|||
|
Phase 1(TCE) |
7,800 |
0 |
7,800 |
|||
|
Phase 2(TCE) |
6,400 |
0 |
6,400 |
|||
|
Phase 3(TCE) |
15,300 |
0 |
15,300 |
|||
|
Phase 4(TCE) |
17,400 |
0 |
17,400 |
|||
|
Phase 1(TCW) |
6,800 |
0 |
6,800 |
|||
|
Phase 2(TCW) |
4,800 |
0 |
4,800 |
|||
|
Marine-based sediment |
-- |
0 |
0 |
0 |
-- |
|
|
Land-based sediment |
All Phase |
48,700 |
0 |
48,700 |
Reuse as far as possible within site before disposal according to the
category based on the chemical and biological screening [6] |
|
|
General construction activities |
General refuse (Paper, metals, plastics etc.) |
Phase
1(Reclamation) |
514 |
0 |
514 |
General refuse: Disposal to landfill Paper, metals and plastics etc.: Collected by recycler |
|
Phase 1
(Service Reservoir) |
162 |
0 |
162 |
|||
|
Road P1 (Tung
Chung – Tai Ho Section) |
125 |
0 |
125 |
|||
|
Phase 1(TCE) |
456 |
0 |
456 |
|||
|
Phase 2(TCE) |
423 |
0 |
423 |
|||
|
Phase 3(TCE) |
524 |
0 |
524 |
|||
|
Phase 4(TCE) |
634 |
0 |
634 |
|||
|
Phase 1(TCW) |
289 |
0 |
289 |
|||
|
Phase 2(TCW) |
532 |
0 |
532 |
|||
|
Chemical waste |
- |
A few hundred litres per month |
- |
Recycled by licensed facility as far as possible, the remaining was
disposal of at CWTC |
||
|
Accumulation along seawall |
Floating Refuse |
- |
Approximately 11.5m3 per year |
- |
- |
To be collected by future Contractor of the Project |
Notes:
[1] “Inert soft C&D material” includes, but
not limited to, excavated soil.
[2]
“Rock”
includes all grade rock.
[3]
“Artificial
hard material” includes, but not limited to, broken concrete, asphalt, bitumen
and granular materials, etc.
[4]
“Non-inert
C&D material” includes, but not limited to, bamboo, timber, paper and
plastic, etc.
[5]
Should
there be any surpluses AHM is recommended to be disposed at public fill reception
facilities.
[6] Possible disposal outlets include Open Sea Disposal, Open Sea Disposal Dedicated Sites and Confined Marine Disposal. Depending on the availability of each disposal outlet and the excavated sediment quality to be disposed of at the time of construction, Marine Fill Committee (MFC) will determine the most appropriate disposal sites to and dedicated to Project Proponent for proper disposal.
7.3.3 Operational Phase
7.3.3.1 The operational phase of the proposed development would generate the following categories of wastes based on their compositions:
·
municipal solid waste (MSW);
·
chemical waste; and
·
floating refuse.
Municipal Solid Waste
7.3.3.2 With reference to the latest data from “Environment Hong Kong 2013” by EPD, the MSW generation rate was 2.12kg/person/day and the disposal rate was 1.30kg/person/day in Year 2012. The leaving amount 0.83kg/person/day of waste was recycled.
7.3.3.3 Based on the targeted population presented in the RODP, the tentative MSW to be generated during operational phase has been estimated and is summarized in Table 7.13 below.
Table
7.13 Estimated quantities of municipal solid waste
(MSW) during operational phase (to the nearest 10m3)
|
PDAs |
Planned
Population |
Estimated
MSW Generated [1][4] |
Estimated
MSW to be Recycled [2][4] |
Estimated
MSW Required Disposal [3][4] |
|
TCE |
118,900 |
250tpd |
100tpd |
150tpd |
|
TCW |
25,500 |
50tpd |
20tpd |
30tpd |
|
Total |
144,400 |
300tpd |
120tpd |
180tpd |
Notes:
[1] MSW generation rate was 2.12kg/person/day
according to “Environment Hong Kong 2013”
by EPD (http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/misc/ehk13/en/waste_progressreport.html#numbers)
[2]
MSW recycled rate = MSW generation rate – MSW
disposal rate (i.e. 0.83 kg/person/day).
[3] MSW disposal rate
was 1.3 kg/person/day according to “Environment Hong Kong 2012” by EPD (http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/misc/ehk13/en/waste_progressreport.html#numbers)
[4]
tpd: tonne
per day
7.3.3.4 This estimate assumed no further waste reduction measure to reduce the demand for valuable landfill space. However, based on information from EPD, the major components of MSW in Hong Kong included glass, metals, paper, plastics and putrescibles. Most of these materials are recyclable which could considerably further reduce the amount for final disposal.
Waste Collection and
Disposal
7.3.3.5
An effective and efficient
waste handling system is essential in order to minimize potential adverse environmental
impacts during waste storage, collection and transport, such impacts may
include odour if waste is not collected frequently; water quality if waste
enters storm water drains; aesthetics and vermin problems if the waste storage
area is not well maintained and cleaned regularly. The waste handling system
may also facilitate materials recovery and recycling.
7.3.3.6
A refuse collection room
would be installed in each building at the ground floor for localized refuse
collection and the waste would be transported to a refuse collection point
(RCP). Waste recycling facilities
/ containers are recommended to be included in RCP. The waste could be sorted
to recover materials (such as paper and cardboards, plastics, metals and glass
etc.) as far as possible, before to be compacted into mobile waste container.
Different containers should be provided for the storage of different recyclable
materials. To avoid potential odour nuisance to the residents during transport
of waste, enclosed waste collection trucks should be used and the collection
route and time should be properly planned. The RCP should contain mobile
compactor and related equipments to provide adequate waste handling services.
At least daily collection should be arranged by the waste collector.
Waste Recycling
7.3.3.7 In order to facilitate recycling, a 4-bin recycling system for paper, metals, plastics and glass should be adopted together with a general refuse bin. They should be placed in prominent places to promote waste separation at source. All recyclable materials should be collected by recyclers.
7.3.3.8
It is anticipated that
under full population intake scenario,
120 tpd out of 300 tpd of MSW would need to
be recycled, leaving the remaining 180 tpd of MSW that would need disposal to
landfill. A more précised quantity
that required disposal to landfill will be further advised once the RODP
becomes available.
7.3.3.9
Nevertheless, with the
implementation of mitigation measures described in Section 7.4.2, potential environmental impacts (including potential hazard, air
and odour emissions, noise, wastewater discharge and public transport) are not expected.
Chemical Waste
7.3.3.10 Educational institutions are planned within the proposed development and it is expected that chemical waste would be produced from the laboratories of these educational institutions during the operational phase.
7.3.3.11 It is anticipated that the total quantity of chemical waste such as acids, alkalis and organic solvent produced by school laboratories would be insignificant.
7.3.3.12 To minimize potential environmental hazard due to waste handling, localized chemical waste storage areas should be located close to the source of waste generation for temporary storage. Drum-type containers with proper labelling should be used to collect chemical wastes for storage at the designated areas.
7.3.3.13 Registration as chemical waste producers with EPD should be made by representatives of the school prior to operation. All chemical wastes generated should be dealt with according to the Code of Practice on the Packaging, Labelling and Storage of Chemical Wastes under the provisions of the Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation.
7.3.3.14
With
the implementation of mitigation measures described in Section 7.4.2, potential environmental
impacts (including potential hazard, air and odour emissions, noise, wastewater
discharge and public transport) are not expected.
Floating refuse
7.3.3.15
Floating refuse may wash up
onto the reclamation boundary through the effect of currents and wind, with
waste then trapped and accumulated on the artificial seawall. According to the historical records
provided by Marine Department (MD), the amounts of floating refuse collected by
MD’s contractor within the vicinity of TCE (Chek Lap Lok Watercourse) from Year
2010 to Year 2014 are summarized in Table
7.14. It is observed that relative larger quantity of floating refuse was
collected in summer months, which may be attributed to heavy rains or typhoons
bringing more refuse from nearshore to the open sea area.
Table 7.14 Summary of floating refuse collected in Chek Lap Kok Watercourse (Year
2010 to Year 2014)
|
Year |
Monthly
Quantity of Floating Refuse Collected (ton) |
||||||||||||
|
Jan |
Feb |
Mar |
Apr |
May |
Jun |
Jul |
Aug |
Sep |
Oct |
Nov |
Dec |
Total |
|
|
2010 |
1.4 |
0.3 |
1.5 |
2.3 |
1.7 |
1.5 |
1.4 |
1.5 |
1.9 |
1.6 |
1.3 |
1.1 |
17.5 |
|
2011 |
1.4 |
1.7 |
2.6 |
1.7 |
1.4 |
1.6 |
4.6 |
1.6 |
1.5 |
1.5 |
1.4 |
1.5 |
22.5 |
|
2012 |
1.6 |
1.8 |
1.6 |
1.4 |
2.2 |
1.9 |
4.1 |
3.1 |
1.7 |
2.7 |
1.1 |
1.1 |
24.3 |
|
2013 |
1.4 |
2.3 |
2.4 |
2.9 |
5.1 |
4.1 |
3.7 |
6 |
3.1 |
2.7 |
1.9 |
2.4 |
38.0 |
|
2014 |
1.5 |
2.5 |
2.2 |
2.6 |
3 |
3.1 |
3.2 |
5.9 |
3.1 |
2.5 |
2 |
1.5 |
33.1 |
7.3.3.16 Making reference to approved 3RS EIA
(AEIAR-185/2014), it is estimated that 65m3 of floating refuse would
be collected from the new artificial seawall (approximately 19.4km long) of the
proposed HKIA extension area every year. Considering the total length of
artificial seawall is approximately 3.4km long, it is anticipated that
approximately 11.5m3 of floating refuse might be accumulated during
operational phase of this development per year. Nevertheless, the floating
refuse would still be collected during the regular operation of MD’s appointed
contractor within the vicinity.
7.3.3.17 In addition, the artificial seawall has been properly designed to achieve a shoreline that does not have any sharp turns or abrupt indentation in order to avoid or minimise any trapped or accumulated refuse. For the marina, floating refuse will be collected and disposed by the licensed waste collector and as required. With the proper seawall design and implementation of management control practices, no adverse environmental impact associated with floating refuse are anticipated.
7.4.1 Construction Phase
7.4.1.1 The mitigation measures for construction phase are recommended based on the waste management hierarchy principles. Recommendations of good site practices, waste reduction measures as well as the waste transportation, storage and collection are described below.
Good Site Practices
7.4.1.2 Adverse waste management implications are not expected, provided that good site practices are strictly implemented. The following good site practices are recommended throughout the construction activities:
·
nomination of an approved personnel, such
as a site manager, to be responsible for the implementation of good site
practices, arrangements for collection and effective disposal to an appropriate
facility, of all wastes generated at the site;
·
training of site personnel in site
cleanliness, appropriate waste management procedures and concepts of waste
reduction, reuse and recycling;
·
provision of sufficient waste disposal
points and regular collection for disposal;
·
imposition of penalty system on
Contractors’ improper behaviours when illegal dumping and landfilling outside
their respective construction sites, i.e. on nearby farmlands and riverbanks,
are reported;
·
appropriate measures to minimise windblown
litter and dust during transportation of waste by either covering trucks or by
transporting wastes in enclosed containers;
·
regular cleaning and maintenance programme
for drainage systems, sumps and oil interceptors; and
·
the contractor should prepare a Waste
Management Plan (WMP) as part of the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) in
accordance with the ETWB TC(W) No. 19/2005 for construction phase. The EMP
should be submitted to the Engineer for approval. Mitigation measures proposed
in the EIA Report and the EM&A Manual should be adopted.
Waste Reduction Measures
7.4.1.3 Amount of waste generation can be significant reduced through good management and control. Waste reduction is best achieved at the planning and design phase, as well as by ensuring the implementation of good site practices. The following recommendations are proposed to achieve reduction:
·
segregate and store different types of
waste in different containers, skip or stockpiles to enhance reuse or recycling
of materials and their proper disposal;
·
proper storage and site practices to
minimize the potential for damage and contamination of construction materials;
·
plan and stock construction materials
carefully to minimize amount of waste generated and avoid unnecessary
generation of waste;
·
sort out demolition debris and excavated
materials from demolition works to recover reusable/recyclable portions (i.e.
soil, broken concrete, metal etc.);
·
provide training to workers on the
importance of appropriate waste management procedures, including waste
reduction, reuse and recycling.
7.4.1.4 In addition to the above measures, specific mitigation measures are recommended for the specific waste types so as to minimize environmental impacts during handling, transportation and disposal of waste.
Storage, Collection and
Transportation of Waste
7.4.1.5 Storage of waste on site may induce adverse environmental implications if not properly managed. The following recommendation should be implemented to minimize the impacts:
·
waste such as soil should be handled and
stored well to ensure secure containment; and
·
Depends on actual site activities, certain
locations within the site area would be used for storage of waste to enhance
reuse. However, there would not be any designated location for storage of
waste, and the storage locations would need to be adjusted to suite actual site
conditions.
7.4.1.6 The collection and transportation of waste from works area to respective disposal sites may also induce adverse environmental impacts if not properly managed. The following recommendation should be implemented to minimize the impacts:
·
remove waste in timely manner;
·
employ the trucks with cover or enclosed
containers for waste transportation;
·
obtain relevant waste disposal permits
from the appropriate authorities; and
·
disposal of waste should be done at
licensed waste disposal facilities.
7.4.1.7 In addition to the above measures, other specific mitigation measures on handling the excavated and C&D materials, chemical waste and materials generated from construction phase are recommended in the following subsections.
C&D Materials
7.4.1.8 Wherever practicable, C&D materials should be segregated from other wastes to avoid contamination and ensure acceptability at Public Fill Reception Facilities areas or reclamation sites. The following mitigation measures should be implemented in handling the excavated and C&D materials:
·
maintain temporary stockpiles and reuse
excavated fill material for backfilling;
·
carry out on-site sorting;
·
make provisions in the Contract documents
to allow and promote the use of recycled aggregates where appropriate; and
·
implement a trip-ticket system for each
works contract to ensure that the disposal of C&D materials are properly
documented and verified, so as to avoid the illegal dumping and landfilling of
C&D materials on farmlands/ riverbanks at TCW.
7.4.1.9 Details of the recommended on-site sorting and reuse of C&D materials is given below:
On-site Sorting of C&D
Materials
7.4.1.10
All C&D materials
arising from the construction would be sorted on-site to recover the inert
C&D materials and reusable and recyclable materials prior to disposal
off-site. Non-inert portion of C&D materials should
also be reused whenever possible and be disposed of at landfills as a last
resort.
7.4.1.11 The Contractor would be responsible for devising a system to work for on-site sorting of C&D materials and promptly remove all sorted and processed material arising from the construction activities to minimise temporary stocking on-site. It is recommended that the system should include the identification of the source of generation, estimated quantity, arrangement for on-site sorting and/ or collection, temporary storage areas, and frequency of collection by recycling Contractors or frequency of removal off-site.
Reuse of C&D Materials
7.4.1.12 Based on the construction programme, all inert C&D materials would be best reused on-site during the whole construction phase to minimize offsite disposal of inert C&D materials. Should there be any surpluses AHM necessary for off-site disposal, it is recommended to be disposed at public fill reception facilities.
Use of Standard Formwork
and Planning of Construction Materials Purchasing
7.4.1.13 Standard formwork should also be used as far as practicable in order to minimise the arising of C&D waste. The use of more durable formwork (e.g. metal hoarding) or plastic facing should be encouraged in order to enhance the possibility of recycling. The purchasing of construction materials should be carefully planned in order to avoid over ordering and wastage.
Provision of Wheel Wash
Facilities
7.4.1.14
Wheel wash facilities have
to be provided at the site entrance before the trucks leaving the works area.
Dust disturbance due to the trucks transportation to the public road network
could be minimized by such
arrangement.
Excavated Contaminated
Soil and Marine Sediments
7.4.1.15 It is considered unlikely that contaminated land issues, if any subject to site investigation, would be a concern during either the construction or the operational of the proposed development as remediation on contaminated area would be carried out prior to construction. However, as a precaution, it is recommended that standard good site practices should be implemented during the construction phase to minimize any potential exposure to contaminated soils or groundwater.
7.4.1.16 Reference has been made to the sediment testing results. Possible mitigation measures to handle the contaminated/ uncontaminated sediment are summarized as follows.
·
All construction plant and equipment shall
be designed and maintained to minimise the risk of silt, sediments,
contaminants or other pollutants being released into the water column or
deposited in the locations other than designated location.
·
All vessels shall be sized such that
adequate draft is maintained between vessels and the sea bed at all states of
the tide to ensure that undue turbidity is not generated by turbulence from
vessel movement or propeller wash.
·
Adequate freeboard shall be maintained on
barges to ensure that decks are not washed by wave action.
7.4.1.17
The Contractors shall
monitor all vessels transporting the excavated sediment to ensure that no
dumping outside the approved location takes place. The Contractor shall keep
and produce logs and other records to demonstrate compliance and that journeys
are consistent with designated locations and copies of such records shall be
submitted to the Engineers.
·
The Contractors shall comply with the
conditions in the dumping permit issued under the Dumping at Sea Ordinance.
·
All bottom dumping vessels (hopper barges)
shall be fitted with tight fittings seals to their bottom openings to prevent
leakage of material.
·
The excavated sediment shall be placed
into the disposal pit by bottom dumping.
·
Contaminated marine mud shall be
transported by split barge of not less than 750m3 capacity and
capable of rapid opening and discharge at the disposal site.
·
Discharge shall be undertaken rapidly and
the hoppers shall be closed immediately. Sediment adhering to the sides of the
hopper shall not be washed out of the hopper and the hopper shall remain closed
until the barge returns to the disposal site.
·
For Type 3 special disposal treatment,
sealing of contaminant with geosynthetic containment before dropping into
designated mud pit would be a possible arrangement. A geosynthetic containment
method is a method whereby the sediments are sealed in geosynthetic containers
and, the containers would be dropped into the designated contaminated mud pit
where they would be covered by further mud disposal and later by the mud pit
capping at the disposal site, thereby fulfilling the requirements for fully
confined mud disposal. The technology is readily available for the manufacture
of the geosynthetic containers to the project-specific requirements. Similar
disposal methods have been used for projects in Europe, the USA and Japan and
the issues of fill retention by the geosynthetic fabrics, possible rupture of
the containers and sediment loss due to impact of the container on the seabed
have been addressed.
·
Moreover, the geosynthetic containment has
also been proposed for Type 3 disposal in the EIA Study under Wan Chai
Development Phase II and Central-Wan Chai Bypass (WDII) (EIA 141/2007). Several
field trials had been undertaken under WDII – Design and Construction to
demonstrate the feasibility on the use of the geosynthetic containment. Report
on the field trials concluded that disposal by sealing sediments in
geosynthetic containers and dropping these containers into the contaminated mud
pits at East Sha Chau has been shown to be a successful and viable disposal
method. The use of geosynthetic containment for special disposal was considered
to be an effective system with negligible loss of contaminants to the marine
environment during disposal.
Chemical Waste
7.4.1.18 For those processes which generated chemical waste, it may be possible to find alternatives to eliminate the use of chemicals, to reduce the generation quantities or to select a chemical type of less impact on environment, health and safety as far as possible.
7.4.1.19 If chemical wastes are produced at the construction site, the Contractors should register with EPD as chemical waste producers. Chemical wastes should be stored in appropriate containers and collected by a licensed chemical waste collector. Chemical wastes (e.g. spent lubricant oil) should be recycled at an appropriate facility as far as possible, while the chemical waste that cannot be recycled should be disposed of at either the CWTC, or another licensed facility, in accordance with the Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation.
General Refuse
7.4.1.20 General refuse should be stored in enclosed bins separately from
construction and chemical wastes. Recycling bins should also be placed to encourage recycling. Preferably enclosed and covered areas should be provided for general
refuse collection and routine cleaning for these areas should also be
implemented to keep areas clean. A reputable waste collector should be employed
to remove general refuse on a daily basis. It is expected that such arrangements would minimize potential
environmental impacts.
Floating Refuse
7.4.1.21 As mentioned in Section 7.3.2, approximately 11.5m3 of floating refuse might be accumulated along the seawall and would be collected by future Contractor of the Project. Nevertheless, with proper seawall design and regular checking and cleaning of floating refuse, no adverse impacts are anticipated.
7.4.2
Operational Phase
7.4.2.1 The following measures should be implemented on new developments to minimize the amount of municipal solid waste to be disposed of at landfill and to maximize the recovery of material from the waste stream.
Avoiding Illegal Dumping and Landfilling
7.4.2.2 As a Development Permission Area (DPA) plan will be issued by the Town Planning Board as a temporary measure before the formal Outline Zoning Plan (OZP) for Tung Chung New Town Extension is adopted, statutory right to guide and control the development and use of land would be authorised. Should there be illegal dumping and landfilling observed/ reported on nearby farmlands and riverbanks, the government authority should take all necessary actions including but not limited to prosecution to remediate the circumstances.
Municipal Solid Waste
7.4.2.3 General refuse generated from the proposed development should be collected with lidded bins and delivered to a central collection point and stored in enclosed containers to prevent windblown, vermin, water pollution and visual impact. At least daily collection should be arranged by the waste collector.
7.4.2.4 In addition, to facilitate recycling, a 4-bin recycling system for paper, metals, plastics and glass should be adopted together with a general refuse bin. They should be placed in prominent places to promote waste separation at source. All recyclable materials should be collected by recyclers.
Chemical Waste
7.4.2.5 To minimize potential environmental hazard due to waste handling, localized chemical waste storage areas should be located close to the source of waste generation for temporary storage. Drum-type containers with proper labelling should be used to collect chemical wastes for storage at the designated areas.
7.4.2.6 The producers should register with EPD as chemical waste producers. Chemical wastes should be stored in appropriate containers and collected by a licensed chemical waste collector. All chemical wastes generated from laboratories of educational institutions should be dealt with according to the Code of Practice on the Packaging, Labelling and Storage of Chemical Wastes under the provisions of the Waste Disposal (Chemical Waste) (General) Regulation.
7.4.2.7 It is recommended that the chemical wastes are disposed at an appropriate waste disposal facility, such as the CWTC in Tsing Yi. A licensed collector should be employed for the chemical waste collection.
7.4.2.8 Collection receipts issued by the licensed collector showing the quantities and types of chemical waste taken off-site and details of the treatment facility should be kept for record.
Floating Refuse
7.4.2.9
As mentioned in Section 7.3.3, approximately 11.5m3
of floating refuse might be accumulated along the seawall and would be collected during the regular
operation of MD’s appointed contractor. Nevertheless, the
artificial seawall has been properly designed to achieve a shoreline without
any sharp turns or abrupt indentation where floating refuse would easily be
trapped or accumulated. For the marina, floating refuse will be collected and
disposed by the licensed waste collector and as required. With the proper
seawall design and implementation of management control practices, no adverse
impacts are anticipated.
7.5.1
Construction Phase
7.5.1.1 Potential waste management implications from the generation of waste during the construction phase have been evaluated. Strategic mitigation measures, including the opportunity for on-site sorting, reusing C&D materials, etc., are devised to minimise the surplus materials to be disposed. Recommendations have been made for implementation by the Contractor during the construction period to minimise waste generation and off-site disposal.
7.5.2
Operational Phase
7.5.2.1 The types of waste that would be generated during the operational phase have also been assessed. Recommendations have been made to ensure proper treatment and disposal of these wastes. It is estimated that 300tpd of MSW will be generated during the operational phase where 120tpd of which will be recycled whilst the remaining 180tpd will require disposal.