8 LANDSCAPE AND VISUAL

8.2 Environmental Legislation, Standards and Criteria

8.2.1.1 The following legislation, standards and guidelines are applicable to landscape and visual impact assessment associated with the construction and operation of the Project:

· Environmental Impact Assessment Ordinance (Cap.499) and the Technical Memorandum on EIA Process (EIAO-TM), particularly Annexes 10 and 18;

· Environmental Impact Assessment Ordinance Guidance Note No. 8/2010;

· Town Planning Ordinance (Cap. 131);

· Protection of Endangered Species of Animals and Plants Ordinance (Cap. 586);

· Hong Kong Planning Standards and Guidelines Chapters 4, 10 and 11;

· Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department (AFCD) Nature Conservation Practice Note No. 2 - Measurement of Diameter at Breast Height (DBH);

· AFCD Nature Conservation Practice Note No. 3 - The Use of Plant Names;

· DEVB TCW No. 2/2012 - Allocation of Space for Quality Greening on Roads;

· DEVB TCW No. 3/2012 - Site Coverage of Greenery for Government Building Projects;

· DEVB TCW No. 6/2015 - Maintenance of Vegetation and Hard Landscape Features;

· DEVB TCW No. 4/2020 - Tree Preservation;

· DEVB TCW No. 5/2020- Registration and Preservation of Old and Valuable Trees;

· Geotechnical Engineering Office (GEO) Publication No. 1/2011 - Technical Guidelines on Landscape Treatment and Bio-Engineering for Man-Made Slopes and Retaining Walls;

· Guidelines on Tree Transplanting (September 2014) issued by Greening, Landscape and Tree Management (GLTM) Section of Development Bureau (DevB);

· Guidelines on Tree Preservation during Development (April 2015) issued by GLTM Section of DevB; and

· Study on Landscape Value Mapping of Hong Kong

8.2.1.2 The Outline Zoning Plan (OZP) and Development Plan (DP) gazetted under the Town Planning Ordinance provides the statutory framework for land use development. Reference has been made to the Approved West Kowloon Cultural District DP No. S/K20/WKCD/2 (gazetted on 18 January 2013) and Approved South West Kowloon OZP No. S/K20/30 (gazetted on 3 October 2014).

· Identification of the baseline landscape resources (LRs) and landscape characters found within the study area. This is achieved by site visits and desktop study of topographical maps, information databases and photographs.

· Assessment of the degree of sensitivity of the LRs and landscape character areas (LCAs). This is influenced by a number of factors including whether the resource/character is common or rare, whether it is considered to be of local, regional, national or global importance, whether there are any statutory or regulatory limitations/requirements relating to the resource, the quality of the resource/character, the maturity of the resource and the ability of the resource/character to accommodate change

· The sensitivity of each landscape feature and character area is classified as follows:

High:	Important landscape character or resource of particularly distinctive character or high importance, sensitive to relatively small change.
Medium:	Landscape character or resource of moderately valued landscape characteristics reasonably tolerant to change.
Low:	Landscape character or resource, the nature of which is largely tolerant to change.

· Identification of potential sources of landscape changes. These are the various elements of the construction works and operation procedures that would generate landscape impacts:

· The magnitude of landscape changes is classified as follows:

Large:	The landscape character or landscape resource would incur a major change.
Intermediate:	The landscape character or landscape resource would incur a moderate change.
Small:	The landscape or landscape resource would incur slight or barely perceptible change.
Negligible:	The landscape or landscape resource would incur no discernible change.

· Identification of potential landscape mitigation measures. These may take the form of adopting basic engineering design to prevent and/or minimise adverse landscape impacts before adopting other mitigation or compensatory measures to alleviate the impacts. Potential mitigation measures shall also include the preservation of vegetation and natural landscape resources, transplanting trees in good condition and value, provision of screen planting, re-vegetation of disturbed lands, compensatory planting, aesthetic design of aboveground structures including provision of finishes, colour scheme, texture of materials used and any measures to mitigate the impact on the existing and planned land use and visually sensitive receivers (VSRs). A programme for the mitigation measures is provided. The agencies responsible for the funding, implementation, management and maintenance of the mitigation measures are identified.

· Prediction of the significance of landscape impacts before and after the implementation of the mitigation measures. By synthesizing the magnitude of the various impacts and the sensitivity of the various landscape resources, it is possible to categorise impacts in a logical, well-reasoned and consistent fashion. Table 8.1 shows the rationale for dividing the degree of significance into four thresholds, namely insubstantial, slight, moderate, and substantial, depending on the combination of a negligible-small-intermediate-large magnitude of change and a low-medium-high degree of sensitivity of landscape resource /character.

Table 8.1 Relationship between Landscape Sensitivity and Magnitude of Change in Defining Impact Significance

Magnitude of Change	Large	Moderate	Moderate / Substantial	Substantial
	Intermediate	Slight / Moderate	Moderate	Moderate / Substantial
	Small	Insubstantial / Slight	Slight / Moderate	Moderate
	Negligible	Insubstantial	Insubstantial	Insubstantial
		Low	Medium	High
		Sensitivity of Landscape Character Area and Resource
Note: All impacts are Adverse unless otherwise noted with Beneficial.

· The significance of landscape impacts is categorised as follows:

Substantial:	Adverse / beneficial impact where the proposal would cause significant deterioration or improvement in existing landscape quality.
Moderate:	Adverse / beneficial impact where the proposal would cause a noticeable deterioration or improvement in existing landscape quality.
Slight:	Adverse / beneficial impact where the proposal would cause a barely perceptible deterioration or improvement in existing landscape quality.
Insubstantial:	No discernible change in the existing landscape quality.

· Prediction of Acceptability of Impacts. An overall assessment of the acceptability, or otherwise, of the impacts according to the five criteria set out in Annex 10 of the EIAO-TM.

8.3.2 Visual Impact Assessment Methodology

8.3.2.1 The visual impacts have been assessed according to the following procedures.

· Identification of the Visual Envelope during the construction and operation phases of the project. This is achieved by site visit and desktop study of topographic maps, photographs and preparation of cross-sections to determine visibility of the Project from various locations.

· Identification of the VSRs within the Visual Envelope at construction and operation phases. These are the people who would reside within, work within, play within, or travel through, the Visual Envelope.

· Assessment of the degree of sensitivity of the VSRs. Factors considered include:

o The type of VSRs, which is classified according to whether the person is at home, at work, at play, or travelling. Those who view the change from their homes are considered to be highly sensitive as the attractiveness or otherwise of the outlook from their home will have a substantial effect on their perception of the quality and acceptability of their home environment and their general quality of life. Those who view the impact from their workplace are considered to be only moderately sensitive as the attractiveness or otherwise of the outlook will have a less important, although still material, effect on their perception of their quality of life. The degree to which this applies depends on whether the workplace is industrial, retail or commercial. Those who view the impact whilst taking part in an outdoor leisure activity may display varying sensitivity depending on the type of leisure activity. Those who view the impact whilst travelling on a public thoroughfare will also display varying sensitivity depending on the speed of travel.

o other factors which are considered (as required by EIAO GN 8/2010) include the value and quality of existing views, the availability and amenity of alternative views, the duration or frequency of view, and the degree of visibility.

· The sensitivity of VSRs is classified as follows:

High:	The VSR is highly sensitive to any change in their viewing experience.
Medium:	The VSR is moderately sensitive to any change in their viewing experience.
Low:	The VSR is only slightly sensitive to any change in their viewing experience.

· Identification of relative numbers of VSRs. This is expressed in terms of whether there are “many“, “medium” and “few” VSRs in any one category of VSR.

· Identification of potential sources of visual changes. These are the various elements of the construction works and operation that would generate visual changes.

· Assessment of the potential magnitude of visual changes. Factors considered include:

o the compatibility with the surrounding landscape;

o the visual obstruction

o the duration of the impact;

o the reversibility of the impact;

o the scale of the impact and distance of the source of impact from the viewer; and

o the degree of visibility of the impact, and the degree of which the impact dominates the field of vision of the viewer.

· The magnitude of visual changes is classified as follows:

Large:	The VSRs would suffer a major change in their viewing experience.
Intermediate:	The VSRs would suffer a moderate change in their viewing experience.
Small:	The VSRs would suffer a small change in their viewing experience.
Negligible:	The VSRs would suffer no discernible change in their viewing experience.

· Identification of potential landscape mitigation measures. These may take the form of adopting basic engineering design to prevent and/or minimise adverse visual impacts before adopting other mitigation or compensatory measures to alleviate the impacts. Potential mitigation measures shall also include the preservation of vegetation and natural landscape resources, provision of screen planting, re-vegetation of disturbed lands, compensatory planting, aesthetic design of aboveground structures including provision of finishes, colour scheme, texture of materials used and any measures to mitigate the impact on the existing and planned land use and VSRs. A programme for the mitigation measures is provided. The agencies responsible for the funding, implementation, management and maintenance of the mitigation measures are identified.

· Prediction of the significance of visual impacts before and after the implementation of the mitigation measures. By synthesizing the magnitude of the various visual impacts and the sensitivity of the VSRs, and the numbers of VSRs that are affected, it is possible to categorise the degree of significance of the impacts in a logical, well-reasoned and consistent fashion. Table 8.2 shows the rationale for dividing the degree of significance into four thresholds, namely, insubstantial, slight, moderate and substantial, depending on the combination of a negligible-small-intermediate-large magnitude of change and a low-medium-high degree of sensitivity of VSRs.

Table 8.2 Relationship between VSRs Sensitivity and Magnitude of Change in Defining Impact Significance

Magnitude of Change	Large	Moderate	Moderate / Substantial	Substantial
	Intermediate	Slight / Moderate	Moderate	Moderate / Substantial
	Small	Insubstantial / Slight	Slight / Moderate	Moderate
	Negligible	Insubstantial	Insubstantial	Insubstantial
		Low	Medium	High
		Sensitivity of VSRs
Note: All impacts are Adverse unless otherwise noted with Beneficial.

· The significance of visual impacts is categorised as follows:

Substantial:	Adverse / beneficial impact where the proposal would cause significant deterioration or improvement in existing visual quality.
Moderate:	Adverse / beneficial impact where the proposal would cause a noticeable deterioration or improvement in existing visual quality.
Slight:	Adverse / beneficial impact where the proposal would cause a barely perceptible deterioration or improvement in existing visual quality.
Insubstantial:	No discernible change in the existing visual quality.

· Prediction of Acceptability of Impacts. An overall assessment of the acceptability, or otherwise, of the impacts according to the five criteria set out in Annex 10 of the EIAO-TM.

8.4 Review of the Planning and Development Control Framework

8.4.1.1 Relevant plan(s) and/or studies which may identify areas of high landscape value, country parks, coastal protection area, green belt (GB) and conservation area designations are reviewed. Any guidelines on landscape and urban design strategies and frameworks that may affect the appreciation of the Project are also reviewed. The aim is to gain an insight of the future outlook of the affected area so as to assess whether the Project can fit into the surrounding setting. Any conflict with statutory town plan(s) is highlighted and appropriate follow-up action is recommended.

8.4.1.2 The study area of the Project is covered under one OZP and one DP. It is the Approved West Kowloon Cultural District Development Plan No. S/K20/WKCD/2 (gazetted on 18 January 2013) and Approved South West Kowloon OZP No. S/K20/30 (gazetted on 3 October 2014). The land use zones overlaid on the Project layout is shown in Figure 8.1. The land uses zones to be potentially affected by the Project and the future outlook of the area is discussed and summarized Table 8.3.

Table 8.3 Summary of the Review of Planning and Development Control Framework

OZP / DP Plan Title and No.	Land Use Zonings	Approx. Area of the Land Use Zones to be affected	Current Design and Conservation Intention in the OZP / DP	Potential change to the OZP / DP and the anticipated future outlook of the area due to the Project.
Approved West Kowloon Cultural District Development Plan No. S/K20/WKCD/2 (gazetted on 18 January 2013)	Affected Land Use Zone, Other Specified Uses - Mixed Uses(1)	0.71 ha	Currently comprise of outdoor open-air public space for recreational uses, commercial development, residential development, arts facilities and cultural facilities. Primarily intended for the provision of Open Space, Arts, Cultural Entertainment and Commercial Uses and Mixed Uses.	The existing driveway will be widened and elevated. The area of the existing nursery park will be slightly reduced. Overall, there is no significant adverse impact on the current land use as zoned in the DP.
Approved South West Kowloon OZP No. S/K20/30 (gazetted on 3 October 2014)	Government, Institution or Community (GIC)	0.02 ha	Primarily intended for the provision of Government, institution and community facilities and social services for local residents and/ or a wider district, region or the territory.	As a minor portion of area will be occupied by the proposed viaduct, there will be slight reduction in GIC Area. Overall, the land use framework will not be affected.
	Other Specified Uses (OU)	0.27 ha	Primarily to provide land for the use of Western Harbour Crossing Toll Plaza and Marine Department’s Yau Ma Tei Public Cargo Working Area	Existing toll booths and a small portion of Cargo Working Area will be overhung by the proposed viaduct. There will not be any significant adverse impact towards the current land use.

8.4.1.3 Apart from the changes in land uses above, there will not be any significant impact on guidelines on landscape strategies, landscape frameworks, urban design concept, building height profiles, special design areas, landmarks, designated view corridors and open space networks. The proposed Project would not create any insurmountable adverse change to the planning development control framework of the area.

8.5 Baseline Study

8.5.1 Landscape Resources

8.5.1.1 The details of Baseline LRs which will be potentially affected by the Project, together with their sensitivity are described in Table 8.4. The locations of baseline LRs are mapped in Figure 8.2. Photo views illustrating the LRs within the study area are illustrated in Figure 8.3.

Table 8.4 Baseline LRs and their Sensitivity

LRs	Description	Sensitivity
LR-1	*Roadside Planting Areas along Museum Drive* *and West Kowloon Transportation Corridor* Roadside tree and shrub planting are found and functioned as natural screening. It is a common landscape resource. The quality of this resource is medium and the ability of this resource to accommodate change is high. The sensitivity of this LR is considered as low.	Low
LR-2	*Waterbody in Victoria Harbour* This LR comprises of waterbodies in Victoria Harbour, which is a deep natural landform harbour providing panoramic night view and skyline. It is a landscape resource of regional importance. The quality of this resource is high and the ability of this resource to accommodate change is low. The sensitivity of this LR is considered as high.	High
LR-3	*Landscape Area within WKCD* It is the key landscape areas enriched by green areas, ornamental tree and shrub planting. It is a unique landscape resource with free and accessible open space which is of regional importance. The quality of this resource is high and the ability of this resource to accommodate change is low. The sensitivity of this LR is considered as high.	High
LR-4	*Landscape Areas within Union Square* They provide spaces for passive and active recreation for the local residents. Gardens with planting of ornamental trees and shrubs are found. It is a common landscape resource. The quality of this resource is high and the ability of this resource to accommodate changes is low. The sensitivity of this LR is considered as high.	High
LR-5	*Landscape Area along To Wah Road* They comprise predominately tree and shrub planting. Plant species found are common roadside landscape species in Hong Kong. The quality of this LR is considered as medium. The ability to accommodate changes and the sensitivity of this LR is considered as medium	Medium
LR-6	*Roadside Planting Areas along Yau Ma Tei Interchange* They comprise predominately tree and shrub planting. Plant species found are common roadside landscape species in Hong Kong. The quality of this LR is considered as medium. The ability to accommodate changes and the sensitivity of this LR is considered as medium	Medium

8.5.2 Landscape Character Areas (LCAs)

8.5.2.1 The details of Baseline LCAs which will be potentially affected by the Project, together with their sensitivity are described in Table 8.5. The locations of baseline LCAs are mapped in Figure 8.4. Photo views illustrating the LCAs within the study area are illustrated in Figure 8.5.

Table 8.5 Baseline LCAs and their Sensitivity

LCAs	Description	Sensitivity
LCA-1	*West Kowloon Transportation Corridor LCA* It is characterised by major highways corridors in West Kowloon. Major features include harbour crossing, flyovers, singage gantries, interchange and traffic islands. Common roadside landscape species can be found, especially at Yau Ma Tei Interchange. This type of LCA is common to Hong Kong. It has high ability to accommodate changes. The sensitivity is considered as low.	Low
LCA-2	*WKCD Ongoing Major Development LCA* It comprises of low-lying reclaimed land, which functioned as outdoor open-air public space, arts and cultural facilities and ample green areas with lush ornamental tree and shrub planting. A small portion of roadside buffering planting area can be found along the outer edge of the entrance of Western Harbour Crossing. This is a common landscape character in Hong Kong which has low ability to accommodate change. The sensitivity of this LCA is therefore considered as High.	High
LCA-3	*New Yau Ma Tei Typhoon Shelter LCA* It is an area of coastal water of Victoria Harbour being sheltered by breakwaters. This is a common landscape character in Hong Kong which has low ability to accommodate change. The sensitivity of this LCA is therefore considered as High.	High
LCA-4	*Victoria Harbour Inshore Water LCA* It is an area of coastal water of Victoria Harbour which lies close to the shore and is enclosed to a certain degree by landmasses, Kowloon and Hong Kong Island, which create a sense of enclosure. This is a common landscape character in Hong Kong which has low ability to accommodate change. The sensitivity of this LCA is therefore considered as High.	High
LCA-5	*Victoria Harbour Strait LCA* It is a channel of water that lies between Kowloon and Hong Kong Island. This is a common landscape character in Hong Kong which has low ability to accommodate change. The sensitivity of this LCA is therefore considered as High.	High
LCA-6	*Union Square Early 21C Commercial & Residential Complex LCA* It comprises of residential and commercial building complexes, with gardens full of ornamental trees and shrubs. This LCA has low ability to accommodate changes. The sensitivity of this LCA is considered as high.	High
LCA-7	*West Kowloon Station Ongoing Major Development LCA* It comprises of a key railway hub and an extensive green roof garden over the station. It has a collection of cultural elements and entertainment spaces. This is a common landscape character in Hong Kong which has low ability to accommodate change. The sensitivity of this LCA is therefore considered as High.	High

8.5.3 Broad Brush Tree Survey & Vegetation Survey

8.5.3.1 A board brush tree survey was carried out in accordance with the Appendix G of the EIA Study Brief to identify dominant tree species, maturity, rarity and any plant species of conservation interest, etc. which would be potentially affected to provide baseline information on the LRs and LCAs. The broad brush tree survey findings including Broad Bush Tree Survey Plans and Tree Group Schedule are illustrated in Appendix 8.1.

8.5.3.2 Eight tree groups that would be potentially affected were surveyed. It is estimated that approximately 129 nos. of trees were surveyed within the groups. The dominant tree species include Casuarina equisetifolia, Acacia confusa, Ficus benjamina, Celtis sinensis and Syzygium cumini. There are estimated that approximately 14 nos. of Leucaena leucocephala within the eight tree groups, which is considered as an undesirable tree species, according to DEVB TC(W) 4/2020. They are generally of mature size. There is no OVT identified within the project boundary. All tree species surveyed are common in Hong Kong. There is no tree of specific conservation interest. In general, within the eight tree groups there are approximately 81 nos. of existing trees to be retained and 34 nos. of existing trees and approximately 14 nos. of Leucaena leucocephala (undesirable tree species) to be removed during construction, subject to the approved Tree Preservation and Removal Submission.

8.5.3.3 For vegetation survey, apart from trees, there are shrub planting species such as Schefflera arboricola, Schefflera arboricola ‘variegata’ and Loropetalum chinense f. rubrum; ground cover such as Scindapsus aureus and Syngonium podophyllum ‘variegatum’; self-seeded plant such as Leucaena leucocephala and grasses. They are generally common landscape species in Hong Kong and do not have specific conservation interest.

8.5.4 Visual Envelope

8.5.4.1 The location of the study area gives rise to a visual envelope which extends beyond the vicinity in several directions within the 500m assessment boundary, with the consideration that visual impact for the proposed development beyond the 500m assessment boundary would be considered as negligible. The visual envelope of the Project bounded by the high-rise residential and commercial developments of Union Square including Sorrento, The Cullinan, and International Commerce Centre to the East, WKCD to the South, Victoria Harbour to the West and West Kowloon Highway to the North. The Visual Envelope of the Project is shown in Figure 8.6.

8.5.5 Visually Sensitive Receivers (VSRs)

8.5.5.1 Within the Visual Envelope, a number of key VSRs have been identified during construction and operation phases. They are listed, together with their baseline assessment and sensitivity, in Table 8.6 and mapped in Figure 8.6.

8.5.5.2 The sensitivity of VSRs is assessed in accordance with EIAO Guidance Note No. 8/2010. Key factors including type of VSRs, number of individuals within the VSRs, quality of existing view, availability of alternative views, degree of visibility, duration of view and frequency of view of the VSRs are evaluated.

8.5.5.3 There are five types of Key VSR Types identified in the Visual Envelope of the Project. They include Residential VSRs who live in the adjacent high-rise residential developments to the East, Commercial VSRs who carry out commercial activities in high-rise commercial building to the East and along the Victoria Harbour, Recreational VSRs at play in cultural facilities to the South, Travelling VSRs who travel in the harbour and transportation corridor to the East and to the North, and Institutional VSRs at work or at study in the institutions to the North.

Table 8.6 Baseline VSRs and their Sensitivity

VSR ID.	VSRs	Type of VSRs	Number of Individuals (Many/ Medium/ Few)	Quality of Existing View (Good/Fair/ Poor)	Availability of Alternative Views (Yes/No)	Degree of Visibility (Full/ Partial/ Glimpse)	Duration of View (Long/ Medium/ Short)	Frequency of View (Frequent/ Occasional/ Rare)	Sensitivity
R-01	Residents in Sorrento	Residential	Many	Good	Yes	Full	Long	Frequent	High
R-02	Residents in The Cullinan	Residential	Many	Good	Yes	Full	Long	Frequent	High
I-01	Occupants in Yau Ma Tei Public Cargo Working Area	Institutional	Medium	Good	Yes	Partial	Medium	Occasional	Medium
I-02	Occupants in ACE Development	Institutional	Many	Good	Yes	Partial	Medium	Occasional	Medium
I-03	Occupants in Civil Aid Service Headquarters	Institutional	Medium	Good	Yes	Partial	Medium	Occasional	Low
O-01	Visitors in M+ Museum and Lyric Theatre	Recreational	Medium	Fair	Yes	Partial	Medium	Occasional	Medium
O-02	Recreational Users in Landscape Area of Kowloon Station	Recreational	Medium	Fair	Yes	Partial	Medium	Occasional	Medium
T-01	Travellers along West Kowloon transportation corridor	Travelling	Many	Fair	Yes	Glimpse	Short	Occasional	Low
T-02	Travellers in New Yau Ma Tei Typhoon Shelter	Travelling	Many	Fair	Yes	Glimpse	Short	Occasional	Low
C-01	Commercial users in International Commerce Centre	Commercial	Many	Good	Yes	Full	Medium	Occasional	Medium
C-02	Commercial users in the commercial buildings along the Victoria Harbour	Commercial	Many	Fair	Yes	Glimpse	Short	Occasional	Low

8.6 Landscape Impact Assessment

8.6.1 Sources of Landscape Impacts

8.6.1.1 The sources of landscape impacts in the construction phase would include:

(i) Construction of a mainly single 2-lane flyover of about 400m long across WHC toll plaza area;

(ii) Construction of a single 2-lane ramp of about 250m long from the western end of the Revised Austin Road Flyover to the WKCD;

(iii) Construction of a single-lane ramp of about 300m long from the western end of the Revised Austin Road Flyover towards the northbound service road of WHC; and

(iv) Modification of at-grade roads within the interface of WKCD road network to connect with the ramp stated in (ii)

8.6.1.2 The sources of landscape impacts in the operation phase would include:

(i) a mainly new single 2-lane flyover of about 400m long across WHC toll plaza area;

(ii) a new single 2-lane ramp of about 250m long from the western end of the Revised Austin Road Flyover to the WKCD;

(iii) a new single-lane ramp of about 300m long from the western end of the Revised Austin Road Flyover towards the northbound service road of WHC; and

(iv) a modified at-grade roads within the interface of WKCD road network to connect with the ramp stated in (ii)

8.6.2 Magnitude of Landscape Impacts

8.6.2.1 The magnitude of unmitigated landscape impacts associated with the construction phase and operational phases of the Project are assessed and described in Table 8.7.

Table 8.7 Magnitude of Landscape Impacts during Construction and Operation

ID	Landscape Resources/ Character Areas	Potential Source of Impact	Description of Impacts	Magnitude of Change (Large/ Intermediate/ Small/ Negligible)
ID	Landscape Resources/ Character Areas	Potential Source of Impact	Description of Impacts	Construction	Operation
Landscape Resources
LR-1	Roadside Planting Areas along Museum Drive and West Kowloon Transportation Corridor	· Construction of a mainly single 2-lane flyover of about 400 m long across WHC toll plaza area; · Construction of a single 2-lane ramp of about 250 m long from the western end of the Revised Austin Road Flyover to the WKCD; · Construction of a single-lane ramp of about 300m long from the western end of the Revised Austin Road Flyover towards the northbound service road of WHC; · Modification of at-grade roads within the interface of WKCD road network to connect with the ramp; and · Extension of the existing WHC footbridge with lifts and staircases to connect the Waterfront Promenade of WKCD.	Based on a broad brush estimate, approximately 34 nos. of existing trees will be removed (and approximately 14 nos. of Leucaena leucocephala) during construction. Affected tree species include Acacia confusa, Ficus benjamina, Celtis sinensis, Ficus benjamina, Ficus microcarpa, Syzygium cumini, Melia azedarach and Tabebuia impetiginosa. They are generally of poor form and fair amenity value. Affected trees are in the range of 2-11 m high, 2-9 m spread and 100-400 mm trunk diameter.	Small	Small
LR-2	Waterbody in Victoria Harbour	Nil	Nil	Negligible	Negligible
LR-3	Landscape Area within WKCD	Nil	Nil	Negligible	Negligible
LR-4	Landscape Areas within Union Square	Nil	Nil	Negligible	Negligible
LR-5	Landscape Area along To Wah Road	Nil	Nil	Negligible	Negligible
LR-6	Roadside Planting Areas along Yau Ma Tei Interchange	Nil	Nil	Negligible	Negligible
Landscape Character Areas
LCA-1	West Kowloon Transportation Corridor LCA	Nil	Nil	Small	Small
LCA-2	WKCD Ongoing Major Development LCA	· Construction of a single 2-lane ramp of about 250 m long from the western end of the Revised Austin Road Flyover to the WKCD; · Construction of a single-lane ramp of about 300m long from the western end of the Revised Austin Road Flyover towards the northbound service road of WHC; · Modification of at-grade roads within the interface of WKCD road network to connect with the ramp; and · Extension of the existing WHC footbridge with lifts and staircases to connect the Waterfront Promenade of WKCD.	Based on a broad brush estimate, approximately 34 nos. of existing trees will be removed (and approximately 14 nos. Leucaena leucocephala). There would be temporary change in character in this LCA due to the construction activities. During operation, the irreversible unmitigated impact will be the same as the construction phase. The compatibility of the project with the surrounding landscape is high.	Negligible	Negligible
LCA-3	New Yau Ma Tei Typhoon Shelter LCA	Nil	Nil	Negligible	Negligible
LCA-4	Victoria Harbour Inshore Water LCA	Nil	Nil	Negligible	Negligible
LCA-5	Victoria Harbour Strait LCA	Nil	Nil	Negligible	Negligible
LCA-6	Union Square Early 21C Commercial & Residential Complex LCA	Nil	Nil	Negligible	Negligible
LCA-7	West Kowloon Station Ongoing Major Development LCA	Nil	Nil	Negligible	Negligible

8.6.3 Significance of Unmitigated Landscape Impacts

8.6.3.1 The significance of landscape impacts, before implementation of mitigation measures, in the construction and operation phases are assessed and presented in Table 8.11.

8.7 Visual Impact Assessment

8.7.1 Sources of Visual Impacts

8.7.1.1 The sources of visual impacts in the construction phase would include:

(i) Construction of a mainly single 2-lane flyover of about 400m long across WHC toll plaza area;

(ii) Construction of a single 2-lane ramp of about 250m long from the western end of the Revised Austin Road Flyover to the WKCD;

(iii) Construction of a single-lane ramp of about 300m long from the western end of the Revised Austin Road Flyover towards the northbound service road of WHC; and

(iv) Modification of at-grade roads within the interface of WKCD road network to connect with the ramp stated in (ii).

8.7.1.2 The sources of visual impacts in the operation phase would include

(i) Modification of at-grade roads within the interface of WKCD road network to connect with the ramp stated in (ii).

(ii) a new single 2-lane ramp of about 250m long from the western end of the Revised Austin Road Flyover to the WKCD;

(iii) a new single-lane ramp of about 300m long from the western end of the Revised Austin Road Flyover towards the northbound service road of WHC; and

(iv) a modified at-grade roads within the interface of WKCD road network to connect with the ramp stated in (ii).

8.7.2 Magnitude of Visual Impacts

8.7.2.1 The magnitude of changes during construction and operation phases is assessed based on the viewing distance, compatibility of the project with the surrounding landscape, duration of changes, scale of development, reversibility of change, potential blockage of view as shown in Table 8.8.

8.7.2.2 During construction, the proposed temporary works at the existing Austin Road Flyover are generally at low level and cover a relatively small area. The compatibility of the Project during construction phase is considered as medium. The construction works will last for a few years and the duration of impact would be medium. The scale of development is considered small. All permanent works including site formation constructed during construction phase are considered irreversible. Generally, there would not be any potential blockage of view during construction.

8.7.2.3 During the operation, the compatibility of the Project is considered high as the proposed new structures and modification are relatively localised and would fit in well with the surrounding transportation corridor. It is predicted that the view from the adjacent elevated pedestrian walkway of the proposed new structures to the Western Harbour Crossing will be partially blocked. However, the visual obstruction is considered small or negligible at far viewing distance as no significant vista or iconic structure will be blocked by the new structure. The duration of impact due to permanent aboveground works is long. The scale of development is small as all the proposed permanent works are small scale and localised. All permanent works during operation phase are considered as irreversible.

8.7.2.4 It is predicted that there would be small to intermediate magnitude of impact on VSRs at low level who are immediately close to the Project and adjacent elevated VSRs who have an overview of the Project; and negligible to small magnitude of impact on distant VSRs during construction and operation.

Table 8.8 Magnitude of Visual Impacts during Construction and Operation

VSR ID.	VSR	Source of Visual Impact	Viewing Distance (m)	Compatibility of the Project with the Surrounding Landscape (High/ Medium/ Low)		Duration of Impacts (Long/ Medium/ Short)		Scale of Development (Large/ Medium/ Small)		Reversibility of Change (Yes/ No)		Potential Blockage of View (Full/ Partial/ Nil)		Magnitude of Change (Large/ Intermediate/ Small/ Negligible)
VSR ID.	VSR	Source of Visual Impact	Viewing Distance (m)	Const-ruction	Operat-ion	Const-ruction	Operat-ion	Const-ruction	Operat-ion	Const-ruction	Operat-ion	Const-ruction	Operat-ion	Const-ruction	Operat-ion
R-01	Residents in Sorrento	As listed in Para. 8.7.1	150 m	Medium	High	Medium	Long	Small	Small	No	No	Nil	Nil	Small	Small
R-02	Residents in The Cullinan	As listed in Para. 8.7.1	100 m	Medium	High	Medium	Long	Small	Small	No	No	Nil	Nil	Small	Small
I-01	Occupants in Yau Ma Tei Public Cargo Working Area	As listed in Para. 8.7.1	10 m	Medium	High	Medium	Long	Small	Small	No	No	Nil	Nil	Small	Small
I-02	Occupants in ACE Development	As listed in Para. 8.7.1	10 m	Medium	High	Medium	Long	Small	Small	No	No	Nil	Nil	Small	Small
I-03	Occupants in Civil Aid Service Headquarters	As listed in Para. 8.7.1	350 m	Medium	High	Medium	Long	Small	Small	No	No	Nil	Nil	Negligible	Negligible
O-01	Visitors in M+ Museum and Lyric Theatre	As listed in Para. 8.7.1	150 m	Medium	High	Medium	Long	Small	Small	No	No	Nil	Nil	Small	Small
O-02	Recreational Users in Landscape Area of Kowloon Station	As listed in Para. 8.7.1	150 m	Medium	High	Medium	Long	Small	Small	No	No	Nil	Nil	Small	Small
T-01	Travellers along West Kowloon transportation corridor	As listed in Para. 8.7.1	10 m	Medium	High	Medium	Long	Small	Small	No	No	Nil	Nil	Intermediate	Small
T-02	Travellers in New Yau Ma Tei Typhoon Shelter	As listed in Para. 8.7.1	50 m	Medium	High	Medium	Long	Small	Small	No	No	Nil	Nil	Small	Small
C-01	Commercial users in International Commerce Centre	As listed in Para. 8.7.1	100 m	Medium	High	Medium	Long	Small	Small	No	No	Nil	Nil	Small	Small
C-02	Commercial users in the commercial buildings along the Victoria Harbour	As listed in Para. 8.7.1	1500 – 2000m	Medium	High	Medium	Long	Small	Small	No	No	Nil	Nil	Negligible	Negligible

8.7.3 Significance of Unmitigated Visual Impacts

8.7.3.1 With considerations of the Sources of Visual Impacts in Section 8.7.1, the significance of visual impacts, before the implementation of mitigation measures, in the construction phase and operation phase are assessed in accordance with the methodology set out in Table 8.2 of the Report and described in Table 8.12.

8.7.4 Recommended Photomontage Viewpoints

8.7.4.1 Computer generated photomontages will be prepared to illustrate the potential landscape and visual impact of the Project. The criteria for the selection of representative viewpoints for photomontages include: -

· the viewpoints which cover the aboveground structure viewed from major public viewpoint represents key VSRs or VSR groups who would be potentially affected by the proposed Project; and

· the viewpoints which shall be able to represent the worst-case scenarios and demonstrate the compatibility of the aboveground structures to the adjacent visual context and illustrate the visual effect during Day 1 without mitigation measures, Day 1 with mitigation measures and Year 10 with mitigation measures.

8.7.4.2 Based on the location of the proposed aboveground structures, proposed viewpoint from key representative VSRs are mapped in Figure 8.9 and the computer-generated photomontages to illustrate the potential landscape and visual impact of the Project is shown in Figure 8.10 to 8.16. They are described as follow:

· Viewpoint P1: from West Kowloon transportation corridor (T-01) is an at-grade view approximately 150 m from the proposed Revised Austin Road Flyover;

· Viewpoint P2: from Sorrento (R-01) and The Cullinan (R-02) is an elevated view approximately 200 m from the proposed Revised Austin Road Flyover;

· Viewpoint P3: near West Kowloon transportation corridor (T-01), Yau Ma Tei Public Cargo Working Area (I-01) and Civil Aid Service Headquarters (I-03) is an elevated view approximately 10 m from the proposed Revised Austin Road Flyover;

· Viewpoint P4: at the WHC toll plaza adjacent to the West Kowloon transportation corridor (T-01), is an at-grade view approximately 5m from the proposed Revised Austin Road Flyover;

· Viewpoint P5: near ACE development (I-02) and West Kowloon transportation corridor (T-01) is an at-grade view approximately 10 m from the proposed Revised Austin Road Flyover;

· Viewpoint P6: near M+ Museum and Lyric Theatre (O-01), is an at-grade close range view to the proposed Revised Austin Road Flyover.

· Viewpoint P7: on the existing WHC footbridge is an elevated view right beside the proposed Revised Austin Road Flyover

8.8 Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures

8.8.1.1 The proposed engineering works have been designed to minimise any potential landscape and visual impact as much as possible. Unavoidably, there would be some potential landscape and visual impact. Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures are therefore proposed to alleviate the potential adverse landscape and visual impact.

8.8.1.2 The proposed landscape and visual mitigation measures in the construction and operation are listed in Table 8.9 and Table 8.10 below, together with an indication of Funding, Implementation and Maintenance Agencies and illustrated in Figure 8.7 to 8.8.

Table 8.9 Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures for Construction Phase

ID No.	Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures	Funding Agency	Implement-action Agency
CM1	Preservation of Existing Vegetation All the existing Trees to be retained and not to be affected by the Project shall be carefully protected during construction accordance with DEVB TCW No. 4/2020 - Tree Preservation and the latest Guidelines on Tree Preservation during Development issued by GLTM Section of DevB. Any existing vegetation which will not be affected by the Project shall be carefully preserved. Trees unavoidably affected by the works shall be transplanted as far as possible.	WKCDA	WKCDA
CM2	Compensatory Tree Planting Any Trees to be removed under the Project shall be compensated in accordance with DEVB TCW No. 4/2020 - Tree Preservation. As indicated in Appendix C, implementation of compensatory tree planting onsite and offsite should be of a ration not less than 1:1 in terms of number. The number of compensatory trees shall not be lower than that of the number of trees removed including dead trees but excluding trees of undesirable species such as Leucaena leucocephala.	WKCDA	WKCDA
CM3	Control of Night-time Lighting Glare Any lighting provision of the construction works at night shall be carefully controlled to prevent light overspill to the nearby VSRs and into the sky.	WKCDA	WKCDA
CM4	Erection of Decorative Screen Hoarding Decorative Hoarding, which is compatible with the surrounding settings, shall be erected during construction to minimise the potential landscape and visual impacts due to the construction works and activities.	WKCDA	WKCDA
CM5	Management of Construction Activities and Facilities The facilities and activities at works sites and areas, which include site office, temporary storage areas, temporary works etc., shall be carefully managed and controlled on the height, deposition and arrangement to minimise any potential adverse landscape and visual impacts.	WKCDA	WKCDA
CM6	Reinstatement of Temporarily Disturbed Landscape Areas All hard and soft landscape areas disturbed temporarily during construction due to temporary excavations, temporary works sites and works areas shall be reinstated to equal or better quality, to the satisfaction of the relevant Government Departments.	WKCDA	WKCDA

Table 8.10 Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures for Operation Phase

ID No.	Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures	Funding Agency	Implement-action Agency	Maintenance/ Management Agency*
OM1	Aesthetically pleasing design of Highways Structures Highways Structures proposed shall be sensitively designed in the regard of form, tonal colour and texture so as to minimise any potential adverse landscape and visual impact and match with the surroundings.	WKCDA	WKCDA	HyD
OM2	Shade-tolerant Shrub Planting at the Project Site after Completion of Engineering Works The Project Site shall be planted with shade-tolerant shrub planting after completion of works.	WKCDA	WKCDA	HyD/LCSD

ID No.

Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures

Funding Agency

Implement-action Agency

Maintenance/ Management Agency*

OM1

Aesthetically pleasing design of Highways Structures

Highways Structures proposed shall be sensitively designed in the regard of form, tonal colour and texture so as to minimise any potential adverse landscape and visual impact and match with the surroundings.

WKCDA

HyD

OM2

Shade-tolerant Shrub Planting at the Project Site after Completion of Engineering Works

The Project Site shall be planted with shade-tolerant shrub planting after completion of works.

WKCDA

HyD/LCSD

* Remarks: The arrangement of maintenance/management agencies is subject to agreement with corresponding departments/parties in accordance with DEVB TCW No. 6/2015.

8.8.1.3 The construction phase mitigation measures listed above shall be implemented as early as possible in order to minimise the landscape impacts in the construction stage. The operation phase mitigation measures listed above shall be adopted during the detailed design and be built as part of the construction works at the last stage of the construction period so that they are in place at the date of commissioning of the Project. However, it should be noted that the full effect of the soft landscape mitigation measures would not be appreciated for several years. Photomontages of the proposed project without and with mitigation measures illustrating the appearance after 10 years of the proposed works are shown in Figure 8.10 to 8.16.

8.9 Residual Impact

8.9.1 Significance of Residual Landscape Impacts

8.9.1.1 The potential significance of the landscape impacts during the construction and operation phases, before and after mitigation, is provided in Table 8.11. The assessment follows the proposed methodology and assumes that the appropriate mitigation measures identified in Table 8.9 and Table 8.10 above would be implemented, and the full effect of the soft landscape mitigation measures would be realised after ten years.

8.9.1.2 Under the proposed construction and extension works for the Revised Austin Road Flyover and the proposed modification works for the WKCD road network, it is estimated that approximately 81 nos. of existing trees will be retained and 34 nos. of existing trees (and approximately 14 nos. of Leucaena leucocephala) along Museum Drive and West Kowloon Transportaion Corridor (LR-1) will be removed during construction. Affected tree species include Acacia confusa, Ficus benjamina, Celtis sinensis, Ficus benjamina, Ficus microcarpa, Leucaena leucocephala, Syzygium cumini, Melia azedarach and Tabebuia impetiginosa. They are generally of poor form and fair amenity value. Affected trees are in the range of 2-11 m high, 2-9 m spread and 100-400 mm trunk diameter. The sensitivity of this LR is low and the magnitude of impact is small. The resultant unmitigated landscape impact on this LR would be slight during construction and operation. With the implementation of proposed mitigation measures, including preservation of existing vegetation, compensation of approximate 34 nos. of trees (excluding trees of undesirable species such as Leucaena leucocephala), aesthetically pleasing design of highways structures and shade-tolerant shrub planting at the project site after completion of engineering works, it is predicted that there would be slight residual impact during construction, slight residual impact during day 1 of operation and insubstantial residual impact on LR-1 when the proposed shade-tolerant shrub planting become mature during year 10 of operation.

8.9.1.3 Apart from LR-1, it is predicted that there would not be any discernible change in other LRs identified within the study boundary of the Project.

8.9.1.4 Under the proposed construction works for the Revised Austin Road Flyover, it is anticipated that there would be temporary change in West Kowloon Transportation Corridor LCA (LCA-1) due to the construction activities upon the existing toll booths and same irreversible unmitigated impact during operation. The sensitivity of this LCA is low. The magnitude of impact is small. The resultant unmitigated landscape impact on this LCA would be slight during construction and operation. With the implementation of proposed mitigation measures, including preservation of existing vegetation, it is predicted that there would be slight residual impact during construction, insubstantial residual impact during day 1 and year 10 of operation.

8.9.1.5 Apart from LCA-1, it is predicted that there would not be any discernible change in other LCAs identified within the study boundary of the Project.

Table 8.11 Significance of Landscape Impacts Before and After Mitigation Measures in Construction and Operation Phases

ID No.	Landscape Resource / Character Areas	Sensitivity (Low, Medium, High)		Magnitude of Change (Negligible, Small, Intermediate, Large)		Impact Significance before Mitigation (Insubstantial, Slight, Moderate, Substantial)		Recommended Mitigation Measures	Significance of Residual Impact (Insubstantial, Slight, Moderate, Substantial)
		Construction	Operation	Construction	Operation	Construction	Operation		Construction	Operation
		Construction	Operation	Construction	Operation	Construction	Operation		Construction	Day 1	Year 10
Landscape Resources
LR-1	Roadside Planting Areas along Museum Drive and West Kowloon Transportation Corridor	Low	Low	Small	Small	Slight	Slight	CM1, CM2, CM3, CM4, CM5, CM6, OM1, OM2	Slight	Slight	Insubstantial
LR-2	Waterbody in Victoria Harbour	High	High	Negligible	Negligible	Insubstantial	Insubstantial	Not Required	Insubstantial	Insubstantial	Insubstantial
LR-3	Landscape Area within WKCD	High	High	Negligible	Negligible	Insubstantial	Insubstantial	Not Required	Insubstantial	Insubstantial	Insubstantial
LR-4	Landscape Areas within Union Square	High	High	Negligible	Negligible	Insubstantial	Insubstantial	Not Required	Insubstantial	Insubstantial	Insubstantial
LR-5	Landscape Area along To Wah Road	Medium	Medium	Negligible	Negligible	Insubstantial	Insubstantial	Not Required	Insubstantial	Insubstantial	Insubstantial
LR-6	Roadside Planting Areas along Yau Ma Tei Interchange	Medium	Medium	Negligible	Negligible	Insubstantial	Insubstantial	Not Required	Insubstantial	Insubstantial	Insubstantial
Landscape Character Areas
LCA-1	West Kowloon Transportation Corridor LCA	Low	Low	Small	Small	Slight	Slight	CM1, CM2, CM3, CM4, CM5, CM6, OM1, OM2	Slight	Slight	Insubstantial
LCA-2	WKCD Ongoing Major Development LCA	High	High	Negligible	Negligible	Insubstantial	Insubstantial	Not Required	Insubstantial	Insubstantial	Insubstantial
LCA-3	New Yau Ma Tei Typhoon Shelter LCA	High	High	Negligible	Negligible	Insubstantial	Insubstantial	Not Required	Insubstantial	Insubstantial	Insubstantial
LCA-4	Victoria Harbour Inshore Water LCA	High	High	Negligible	Negligible	Insubstantial	Insubstantial	Not Required	Insubstantial	Insubstantial	Insubstantial
LCA-5	Victoria Harbour Strait LCA	High	High	Negligible	Negligible	Insubstantial	Insubstantial	Not Required	Insubstantial	Insubstantial	Insubstantial
LCA-6	Union Square Early 21C Commercial & Residential Complex LCA	High	High	Negligible	Negligible	Insubstantial	Insubstantial	Not Required	Insubstantial	Insubstantial	Insubstantial
LCA-7	West Kowloon Station Ongoing Major Development LCA	High	High	Negligible	Negligible	Insubstantial	Insubstantial	Not Required	Insubstantial	Insubstantial	Insubstantial

Table 8.12 Significance of Visual Impacts Before and After Mitigation Measures in the Construction Phase and Operation Phase

ID No.	Key VSRs	Receptor Sensitivity (Low, Medium, High)		Magnitude of Change (Negligible, Small, Intermediate, Large)		Impact Significance Threshold BEFORE Mitigation (Insubstantial, Slight, Moderate, Substantial)		Recommended Mitigation Measures	Residual Impact Significance Threshold AFTER Mitigation (Insubstantial, Slight, Moderate, Substantial)
		Receptor Sensitivity (Low, Medium, High)							Construction	Operation
		Construction	Operation	Construction	Operation	Construction	Operation		Construction	Day 1	Year 10
R-01	Residents in Sorrento	High	High	Small	Small	Moderate	Moderate	CM1, CM2, CM3, CM4, CM5, CM6, OM1, OM2	Moderate	Moderate	Slight
R-02	Residents in The Cullinan	High	High	Small	Small	Moderate	Moderate	CM1, CM2, CM3, CM4, CM5, CM6, OM1, OM2	Moderate	Moderate	Slight
I-01	Occupants in Yau Ma Tei Public Cargo Working Area	Medium	Medium	Small	Small	Slight	Slight	CM1, CM2, CM3, CM4, CM5, CM6, OM1, OM2	Slight	Slight	Insubstantial
I-02	Occupants in ACE Development	Medium	Medium	Small	Small	Slight	Slight	CM1, CM2, CM3, CM4, CM5, CM6, OM1, OM2	Slight	Slight	Insubstantial
I-03	Occupants in Civil Aid Service Headquarters	Low	Low	Negligible	Negligible	Insubstantial	Insubstantial	CM1, CM2, CM3, CM4, CM5, CM6, OM1, OM2	Insubstantial	Insubstantial	Insubstantial
O-01	Visitors in M+ Museum and Lyric Theatre	Medium	Medium	Small	Small	Moderate	Moderate	CM1, CM2, CM3, CM4, CM5, CM6, OM1, OM2	Slight	Slight	Slight
O-02	Recreational Users in Landscape Area of Kowloon Station	Medium	Medium	Small	Small	Moderate	Moderate	CM1, CM2, CM3, CM4, CM5, CM6, OM1, OM2	Slight	Slight	Slight
T-01	Travellers along West Kowloon transportation corridor	Low	Low	Intermediate	Small	Slight	Insubstantial	CM1, CM2, CM3, CM4, CM5, CM6, OM1, OM2	Slight	Insubstantial	Insubstantial
T-02	Travellers in New Yau Ma Tei Typhoon Shelter	Low	Low	Small	Small	Insubstantial	Insubstantial	CM1, CM2, CM3, CM4, CM5, CM6, OM1, OM2	Insubstantial	Insubstantial	Insubstantial
C-01	Commercial users in International Commerce Centre	Medium	Medium	Small	Small	Slight	Slight	CM1, CM2, CM3, CM4, CM5, CM6, OM1, OM2	Slight	Slight	Insubstantial
C-02	Commercial users in the commercial buildings along the Victoria Harbour	Low	Low	Negligible	Negligible	Insubstantial	Insubstantial	CM1, CM2, CM3, CM4, CM5, CM6, OM1, OM2	Insubstantial	Insubstantial	Insubstantial

List of Drawings
Figure 8.1	Review of Planning and Development Control Framework (OZP)
Figure 8.2	Landscape Resources
Figure 8.3	Landscape Resources Photos
Figure 8.4	Landscape Character Areas
Figure 8.5a	Landscape Character Areas Photos (Sheet 1 of 2)
Figure 8.5b	Landscape Character Areas Photos (Sheet 2 of 2)
Figure 8.6	Visual Envelope and Visually Sensitive Receivers
Figure 8.7	Landscape and Visual Mitigation Plan
Figure 8.8	General Arrangement of New Exit Road Sections
Figure 8.9	Photomontage Viewpoint Location
Figure 8.10	Photomontage P1
Figure 8.11	Photomontage P2
Figure 8.12	Photomontage P3
Figure 8.13	Photomontage P4
Figure 8.14	Photomontage P5
Figure 8.15	Photomontage P6
Figure 8.16	Photomontage P7

List of Appendices
Appendix 8.1	Broad Brush Tree Survey Findings and Tree Group Schedule

8.1.1.1 This section presents the findings of the assessment of potential landscape and visual impacts associated with the Project.

8.1.1.3 The assessment area for landscape impact assessment shall include areas within a 500m distance from the boundary of the Project. The assessment area for the visual impact assessment shall be defined by the visual envelope of the Project.

8.1.1.4 The size, scale, shape and design of the Project is provided in Section 2.2. The alternative design and layout for the Project considered are discussed in Section 2.6 of this Report.