Contents
Page
11.2 Environmental
Legislation, Standards, Guidelines, and Other References
11.4 Review of
Planning and Development Control Framework
11.6 Landscape
Impact Assessment before Mitigation
11.7 Landscape
and Visual Mitigation Measures
11.8 Residual Landscape Impacts upon
Mitigation
11.10 Visual
Impact Assessment before Mitigation
11.11 Visual Mitigation Measures
11.12 Residual Visual Impacts upon Mitigation
Figure 11.1a Revised
Recommended Outline Development Plan – TCE
Figure 11.1b Revised
Recommended Outline Development Plan – TCW
Figure 11.1ca Oblique
Photo 1 of the Site
Figure 11.1cb Oblique
Photo 2 of the Site
Figure 11.1da Aerial
Photo of Tung Chung Site
Figure 11.1db Aerial
Photo of Tung Chung Site-Western
Figure 11.1dc Aerial
Photo of Tung Chung Site-Middle
Figure 11.1dd Aerial
Photo of Tung Chung Site-Eastern
Figure 11.1e Project Elements on Landscape Resources Plan
Figure 11.1f Project Elements on Landscape Character Areas Plan
Figure 11.2a Landscape
Resources Plan
Figure 11.2aa Landscape
Resources Plan – Western
Figure 11.2ab Landscape
Resources Plan – Middle
Figure 11.2ac Landscape
Resources Plan – Eastern
Figure 11.2ad Landscape
Resources Plan LR1 Enlargement Plan (Western)
Figure 11.2ae Landscape
Resources Plan LR1 Enlargement Plan (Middle)
Figure 11.2af
Landscape Resources Plan LR1 Enlargement
Plan (Eastern)
Figure 11.2ag
Landscape Resources Plan LR2 Enlargement
Plan (Western)
Figure 11.2ah
Landscape Resources Plan LR2 Enlargement
Plan (Middle)
Figure 11.2ai
Landscape Resources Plan LR2 Enlargement
Plan (Eastern)
Figure 11.2aj
Landscape Resources Plan LR10 Enlargement Plan
(Western)
Figure 11.2ak
Landscape Resources Plan LR10 Enlargement
Plan (Middle)
Figure 11.2al
Landscape Resources Plan LR10 Enlargement
Plan (Eastern)
Figure 11.2b Photographs
of Landscape Resources (1 of 10)
Figure 11.2c Photographs
of Landscape Resources (2 of 10)
Figure 11.2d Photographs
of Landscape Resources (3 of 10)
Figure 11.2e Photographs
of Landscape Resources (4 of 10)
Figure 11.2f Photographs
of Landscape Resources (5 of 10)
Figure 11.2g Photographs
of Landscape Resources (6 of 10)
Figure 11.2h Photographs
of Landscape Resources (7 of 10)
Figure 11.2i Photographs
of Landscape Resources (8 of 10)
Figure 11.2j Photographs
of Landscape Resources (9 of 10)
Figure 11.2k Photographs
of Landscape Resources (10 of 10)
Figure 11.3a Landscape Character Areas Plan
Figure 11.3aa Landscape
Character Areas Plan – Western
Figure 11.3ab Landscape
Character Areas Plan – Middle
Figure 11.3ac Landscape
Character Areas Plan – Eastern
Figure 11.3b Photographs
of Landscape Character Areas (1 of 8)
Figure 11.3c Photographs
of Landscape Character Areas (2 of 8)
Figure 11.3d Photographs
of Landscape Character Areas (3 of 8)
Figure 11.3e Photographs
of Landscape Character Areas (4 of 8)
Figure 11.3f Photographs
of Landscape Character Areas (5 of 8)
Figure 11.3g Photographs
of Landscape Character Areas (6 of 8)
Figure 11.3h Photographs
of Landscape Character Areas (7 of 8)
Figure 11.3i Photographs
of Landscape Character Areas (8 of 8)
Figure 11.4a Visual
Envelop Plan
Figure 11.4b Visual
Sensitive Receiver Plan (Sheet 1 of 3)
Figure 11.4c Visual
Sensitive Receiver Plan (Sheet 2 of 3)
Figure 11.4d Visual
Sensitive Receiver Plan (Sheet 3 of 3)
Figure 11.4e Photographs
of VSR 1 & VSR 2
Figure 11.4f Photographs
of VSR 3 & VSR 4
Figure 11.4g Photographs
of VSR 5 & VSR 6
Figure 11.4h Photographs
of VSR 7 & VSR 8
Figure 11.4i Photographs
of VSR 9 & VSR 10
Figure 11.4j Photographs
of VSR 11 & VSR 12
Figure 11.4k Photographs
of VSR 13 & VSR 14
Figure 11.4l Photographs
of VSR 15 & VSR 16
Figure 11.4m Photographs
of VSR 17 & VSR 18
Figure 11.4n Photographs
of VSR 19 & VSR 20
Figure 11.4o Photographs
of VSR 21 & VSR 22
Figure 11.4p Photographs
of VSR 23 & VSR 24
Figure 11.4q Photographs
of VSR 25 & VSR 26
Figure 11.4r Photographs
of VSR 27 & VSR 28
Figure 11.4s Photographs of VSR 29 & VSR 30
Figure 11.4t Photographs of VSR 31 & VSR 32
Figure 11.4u Photographs
of VSR 33 & VSR 34
Figure 11.4v Photographs
of VSR 35 & VSR 36
Figure 11.4w Photographs
of VSR 37 & VSR 38
Figure 11.4x Photographs
of VSR 39 & VSR 40
Figure 11.4y Photographs
of VSR 41 & VSR 42
Figure 11.4z Photographs
of VSR 43 & VSR 44
Figure 11.4aa Photographs
of VSR 45
Figure 11.5a Mitigation Measures Plan for TCE site
(Sheet 1 of 3)
Figure 11.5aa Mitigation Measures Plan for TCE site
(Sheet 2 of 3)
Figure 11.5ab Mitigation Measures Plan for TCE site
(Sheet 3 of 3)
Figure 11.5b Mitigation Measures Plan for TCW site
(Sheet 1 of 3)
Figure 11.5ba Mitigation Measures Plan for TCW site
(Sheet 2 of 3)
Figure 11.5bb Mitigation Measures Plan for TCW site
(Sheet 3 of 3)
Figure 11.6a VSR3 Photomontage Near CNAC (Group) Tower
(1 of 2)
Figure 11.6b VSR3
Photomontage Near CNAC (Group) Tower (2 of 2)
Figure 11.6c VSR5
Photomontage Scenic Hill East
(1 of 2)
Figure 11.6d VSR5
Photomontage Scenic Hill East (2 of 2)
Figure 11.6e VSR6 Photomontage Scenic Hill West (1 of
2)
Figure 11.6f VSR6
Photomontage Scenic Hill West (2 of 2)
Figure 11.6g VSR17
Photomontage Near Tung Chung Stream (1 of 2)
Figure 11.6h VSR17
Photomontage Near Tung Chung Stream (2 of 2)
Figure 11.6i VSR20 Photomontage Ngong Ping 360 Rescue
Trail (1 of 2)
Figure 11.6j VSR20
Photomontage Ngong Ping 360 Rescue Trail (2 of 2)
Figure 11.6k VSR23
Photomontage Near Lo Hon Temple (1 of 2)
Figure 11.6l
VSR23 Photomontage Near Lo Hon
Temple (2 of 2)
Figure 11.6m VSR24 Photomontage Lantau North Country
Park- Facing West (1 of 2)
Figure 11.6n VSR24
Photomontage Lantau North Country Park- Facing West (2 of 2)
Figure 11.6o VSR25
Photomontage Lantau North Country Park- Facing North (1 of 2)
Figure 11.6p VSR25
Photomontage Lantau North Country Park- Facing North (2 of 2)
Figure 11.6q VSR26 Photomontage Tung Chung Ferry Pier
(1 of 2)
Figure 11.6r VSR26
Photomontage Tung Chung Ferry Pier (2 of 2)
Figure 11.6s VSR29
Photomontage Near Tai Ho (1 of 2)
Figure 11.6t
VSR29 Photomontage Near Tai Ho (2
of 2)
Figure 11.6u VSR33 Photomontage Ngong Ping 360 Cable
Car- Facing South (1 of 2)
Figure 11.6v VSR33
Photomontage Ngong Ping 360 Cable Car- Facing South (2 of 2)
Figure 11.6w VSR37
Photomontage Siu Ho Wan (1 of 2)
Figure 11.6x VSR37
Photomontage Siu Ho Wan (2 of 2)
Figure 11.6y VSR40 Photomontage Tuen Mun South Coast (1
of 2)
Figure 11.6z VSR40
Photomontage Tuen Mun South Coast (2 of 2)
Figure 11.6aa VSR43
Photomontage HKBCF (1 of 2)
Figure 11.6bb VSR43
Photomontage HKBCF (2 of 2)
Figure 11.7a Areas of Potential Affected Tree Group & Compensatory Planting (Sheet 1 of 4)
Figure 11.7b Areas of Potential Affected Tree Group & Compensatory Planting (Sheet 2 of 4)
Figure 11.7c Areas of Potential Affected Tree Group & Compensatory Planting (Sheet 3 of 4)
Figure 11.7d Areas
of Potential Affected Tree Group & Compensatory Planting (Sheet 4 of 4)
Figure 11.8a Reference Images
for Screen Hoarding
Figure 11.8b Reference Images
for Noise Barrier Design
Appendix 11.1 Broad Brush Tree Survey Report
Appendix 11.2 Indication of Changes from Existing OZP
11.1.1
General
11.1.1.1 As discussed in Chapter 2, this Study is a
Designated Project (DP) under Item 1 Schedule 3 of EIAO - Engineering
feasibility study of urban development projects with a study area covering more
than 20 ha. The additional population to
be introduced to TCE and TCW is approximately 144,400. Besides, the project
also comprises a number of key elements, 7 of which are classified as Schedule
2 DP as listed in Text – Volume 1, Introduction Section 1.
11.1.1.2 This chapter presents the assessment of the potential landscape and visual impacts due to the construction and operation of the proposed New Town Extension in Tung Chung. The assessment has been conducted in accordance with the Environmental Impact Assessment Ordinance (EIAO) Guidance Note No. 8/2010, the Annexes 10 and 18 of the TM-EIAO and the requirements in the latest EIA SB.
11.1.1.3 In accordance with the criteria as stated in Annexes 10 and 18 of the Technical Memorandum on Environmental Impact Assessment Process (TM-EIAO), the landscape and visual impact assessment (LVIA) for this project includes:
·
a list of the relevant environmental
legislation, standards and guidelines;
·
a definition of the scope and contents of
the Study;
·
a review of the relevant planning and
development control framework;
·
a landscape and visual impact assessment
methodology;
·
a landscape impact assessment section,
including:
o a
landscape baseline study providing a comprehensive and accurate description of
the baseline landscape resources (LRs) and landscape character areas (LCAs)
within the two Tung Chung Study Areas;
o identification
of potential landscape impacts;
o prediction
of the nature of landscape impacts and the potential magnitude of change they
will cause as well as the potential significance of impacts before the implementation of
mitigation measures;
o recommendation
of appropriate mitigation measures and associated implementation programmes;
o prediction
of the significance of residual landscape impacts after the implementation of
the suggested mitigation measures;
·
a visual impact assessment section,
including:
o a
visual baseline study, providing comprehensive details of visual elements
surrounding each NDA and their Visually Sensitive Receivers (VSRs);
o identification
of potential visual impacts;
o prediction
of the nature of visual impacts and the potential magnitude of change they will
cause, as well as the potential significance of
impacts before the implementation of mitigation measures;
o recommendation
of appropriate mitigation measures and associated implementation programmes;
o prediction
of the significance of residual visual impacts after implementation of the
suggested mitigation measures; and
·
an assessment of the acceptability or
otherwise of the predicted residual impacts, according to the five criteria set
out in Annex 10 of the TM-EIAO, namely
beneficial, acceptable, acceptable with mitigation measures, unacceptable or
undetermined.
11.2 Environmental Legislation, Standards, Guidelines, and Other References
11.2.1 General
11.2.1.1 A review of the existing and planned development framework for the RODP and context has been conducted. Legislation, Standards, guidelines and Criteria relevant to the consideration of landscape and visual sensitivity in this preliminary assessment include the following:
Legislation
and Planning Standards
·
Environmental Impact Assessment Ordinance
(Cap.499.S.16) and the TM-EIAO, particularly Annexes 3,10, 11, 18 and 20;
·
Environmental Impact Assessment Ordinance
Guidance Note 8/2010 Preparation of
Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment;
·
Town Planning Ordinance (Cap.131)
·
Town Planning (Amendment) Ordinance, 2004;
·
Country Parks Ordinance (Cap.208);
·
The Forests and Countryside Ordinance
(Cap.96) – prohibiting the felling, cutting, burning or destruction of trees,
growing plants and forests on Government land.
·
Hong Kong Planning Standards &
Guidelines Chapter 4, 10, 11 and 12.
·
Protection of Endangered Species of
Animals and Plants Ordinance (Cap.586).
Technical
Circulars/ Guidelines
·
DEVB No. 2/2015 – Green Government
Buildings;
·
DEVB (GLTM) – Guidelines on Tree
Preservation during Development, April 2015;
·
DEVB (GLTM) – Management Guidelines for
Mature Trees, December 2014;
·
DEVB (GLTM) – Guidelines on Tree
Transplanting, September 2014;
·
DEVB (GLTM) No. 2/2012 – Allocation of
Space for Quality Greening on Roads;
·
DEVB (GLTM) No. 3/2012 – Site Coverage of
Greenery for Government Building Projects ;
·
WBTC No. 25/1993 – Control of Visual
Impact of Slopes;
·
ETWB TCW No. 2/2004 - Maintenance of Vegetation and Hard
Landscape Features;
·
ETWB TCW No. 5/2005 – Protection of
streams/rivers from adverse impacts arising from construction works;
·
ETWB TCW No. 29/2004 - Registration of Old
and Valuable Trees, and Guidelines for their Preservation;
·
ETWB TCW No. 36/2004 - Advisory Committee
on the Appearance of Bridges and Associated Structures;
·
DEVB TCW No.2/2013 – Greening on
Footbridge Flyovers;
·
DEVB TCW No. 10/2013 Tree Preservation;
·
DEVB GLTM April 2012 – Guidelines on
Greening of Noise Barriers;
·
LAO PN No.7/2007 – Tree Preservation and
Tree Removal Application for Building Development in Private Projects;
·
DSD PN No.1/2005 – Guidelines on
Environmental Considerations for River Channel Design;
·
GEO publication No. 1/2011, ‘Technical Guidelines on Landscape
Treatment for Slopes’;
·
HyD Guidelines HQ/GN/13 - Interim
Guidelines for Tree Transplanting Works under Highways Department's Vegetation
Maintenance Ambit; and
·
HQ/GN/15 - Guidelines for Greening Works
along Highways.
Outline
Zoning Plans (OZPs)
·
The approved Tung Chung Town Centre Area
Outline Zoning Plan No. S/I-TCTC/20 and
approved Chek Lap Kok Outline Zoning Plan No.
S/I-CLK/12
Other
Reference Information and Planning Studies
·
Government General Regulation 740 –
setting out restrictions on the preservation and felling of trees in Hong Kong;
·
Technical Report of “Study on Landscape Value Mapping of Hong Kong” by Planning
Department;
·
“Map of Land Utilization in Hong Kong”
by Planning Department;
·
Landscape Character Map of Hong Kong (2005
Edition);
·
The Register of Old and Valuable Trees –
Hong Kong, maintained by the Leisure and Cultural Services Department; and
·
Revised Concept Plan for Lantau – May 2007
11.3.1
Landscape Impact
Assessment Methodology
11.3.1.1
The assessment
area for landscape impact assessment is defined in accordance with EIAO
Guidance Note No. 8/2010, the Technical Memorandum on EIA Process (TM-EIAO), particularly Annexes 10 (Criteria for Evaluating
Visual and Landscape Impact, and Impact on Sites of Cultural Heritage) and 18
(Guidelines for Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment) and includes all areas
within 500m from the boundaries of PDA and the associated infrastructure. A
baseline study covering Landscape Resources (LRs) and Landscape Character Areas
(LCAs) has been conducted for the project.
Identification
of the Baseline LRs and LCAs
11.3.1.2
The landscape
baseline study identifies all LRs and LCAs located within 500m Study Area by
site visits and desktop study of topographical maps, information databases and
photographs. Aerial photos are shown in Figures 11.1da and 11.1db. And oblique photos are shown in Figures 11.1ca and 11.1cb. Types of LR are mapped
based on the area of their existing and major physical landscape elements and
characteristics.
11.3.1.3
The Project has
been divided into broad units of similar character based on a process of
landscape characterisation which draws on the information gathered in the
desktop study and site surveys. In addition, the Planning Department “Study on Landscape Value Mapping of Hong
Kong” and “Map of Land Utilization in
Hong Kong” are also considered. Typical elements which contribute to the
landscape character include:
·
Local topography;
·
Extent and type of vegetation (including
woodland, shrubland, grassland, fresh water marshes, mangroves and so on);
·
Built form (including scale and
appearance);
·
Patterns of settlement;
·
Wildness;
·
Land use;
·
Scenic spots;
·
Prominent watercourses; and
·
Cultural and religious features
11.3.1.4
Details of the
identified LRs and LCAs are presented and summarized in Table 11.6 and 11.7.
Broad Brush Tree & Vegetation Survey
11.3.1.5 As
part of the Environmental Impact Assessment study carried out for the proposed
development project, a broad brush and vegetation survey has been carried out
within the study area to identify the baseline conditions of the existing
landscape resource and recommend appropriate treatments to the existing trees
with the intention to minimize landscape impact. It should be noted that the
majority of the land in TCW are private land (e.g. private land and fenced off
orchards or farmland) and hence some of those areas have restricted of access. In these events, an estimation of the types
and number of trees have been made within that area.
Vegetation
Survey Methodology
11.3.1.6 The Vegetation Survey is carried out for the all the existing planting species of conservation importance/interest/concerns within the 500m Assessment Area, it is recorded in the Ecological Impact Assessment (EIA) of the project (refers to Section 9.3.1.4) and were screened under the criteria mentioned in Section 9.2.2. It is also make reference to the EIAs, investigation study and surveys considered in establishing the ecological baseline condition is given below:
·
Tung Chung Road Improvement (EIA Register No:
AEIAR- 061/2002);
·
Ngong Ping Cable Car (EIA Register No :
AEIAR-074/2003);
·
The Biology and Ecology of Juvenile
Horseshoe Crabs along the Northwestern Coastline of the New Territories, Hong
Kong: Prospects and Recommendations for Conservation (2003);
·
Hong Kong - Zhuhai - Macao Bridge Hong
Kong Link Road (EIA Register No: AEIAR-144/2009);
·
Hong Kong - Zhuhai - Macao Bridge Hong
Kong Boundary Crossing Facilities (EIA Register No: AEIAR-145/2009);
·
Hong Kong - Zhuhai - Macao Bridge Hong
Kong Boundary Crossing Facilities EM&A (2012-2013);
·
Hong Kong - Zhuhai - Macao Bridge Hong
Kong Link Road EM&A (2012-2013);
·
TuenMun - Chek Lap Kok Link (EIA Register
No: AEIAR-146/2009);
·
Monitoring of Marine Mammals in Hong Kong
(annual reports from 2009 to 2015);
·
Ecological and Conservation Importance of
Tung Chung, Lantau (1stEdition) (2013);
·
Expansion of Hong Kong International
Airport into a Three-Runway System (EIA Register No.: AEIAR-185/2014); and
·
Agreement CE 14/2013 (CE) Cumulative
Environmental Impact Assessment Study for the Three Potential Nearshore
Reclamation Sites in the Western Waters of Hong Kong - Investigation
Broad
Tree Survey Methodology
11.3.1.7 In addition, the Broad Brush Tree Survey is carried out for all existing trees with trunk base situated within the comprehensive development areas of the project. For Tung Chung East development, the survey areas are located at North Lantau Highway and Ying Hei Road; for Tung Chung West development, the survey areas are located at Tung Chung Bay, Wong Nai Uk, Tung Chung Fresh Water Service Reservoir and Tung Chung Valley, all the broad tree survey boundaries are addressed in Appendix 11-1.
11.3.1.8 In accordance with Development Bureau Technical Circular (Works) No. 10/2013 – Tree Preservation, all existing trees with a trunk diameter of 95mm or more at a height of 1.3m above ground level are included in the survey. The trees located in the contiguous areas of vegetation of similar character, e.g. natural slope, plantation slope, orchard, costal area, secondary woodland and fung shui wood, are grouped together for the survey. The trees are also grouped together for the survey based on the aboveground features, e.g. fencing, boundary wall and footpath/ road. Each tree group is assigned with a unique tree group reference number (in a systematic system).
11.3.1.9 The
Broad Brush Tree Survey is in aid of the aerial photos (Digital Orthophoto
DOP5000 series of Lands Department (April 2014 Release)) and the Ecology Impact
Assessment (EIA) of the Project, and based on the topographical survey
conducted prior to the tree survey, and site visits to accessible areas of the
Project. For the inaccessible areas,
e.g. private land and fenced off orchards or farmland, the tree survey information
is described based on review of aerial photos, the EIA of the Project, and the
topographical survey conducted by a separate land surveyor. No site visits were conducted in these
village areas and in its immediate vicinity as the tree surveyors were precluded
from access to these areas by local villagers/ parties. For the inaccessible areas without
topographical survey data, the tree survey information is described based on
the review of aerial photos and the EIA of the Project.
11.3.1.10 In
preparing this Broad Brush Tree Survey Report, references for tree survey
methodology and evaluation of each surveyed tree were made based on the
following technical guidelines and publications:
· Development Bureau Technical Circular (Works) No. 10/2013 – Tree Preservation;
· Environment, Transport and Works Bureau Technical Circular (Works) No. 2/2004 – Maintenance of Vegetation and Hard Landscape Features;
· Environment, Transport and Works Bureau Technical Circular (Works) No. 29/2004 – Registration of Old and Valuable Trees, and Guidelines for their Preservation;
· Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department – Check List of Hong Kong Plants 2012;
· Agricultural, Fisheries and Conservation Department, Conservation Branch, Nature Conservation Practice Note No. 02/ June 2006 – Measurement of Diameter at Breast Height (DBH);
· Hu, Q., et al. 2003. Rare and Precious Plants of Hong Kong, AFCD, Hong Kong;
· LCSD’s Register of Old and Valuable Trees;
· IUCN Red List of Threatened Species Version 2015.1.
11.3.1.11 Landscape
Resources with broad brush and vegetation survey record and indicative
locations of Potentially Registerable OVTs were mapped based on the
topographical survey conducted prior to the tree survey, reference information
from the Ecology Impact Assessment (EIA) of the project and latest aerial
photos and verified by field ground-truthing. Dominate tree species and plant
species within each landscape resources type were identified and their relative
abundances were recorded with special attention to rare or protected species.
In addition, the indicative locations of the tree groups as well as the
identified rare/ protected specimens are marked on the Tree Survey Plan in Appendix
11-1.
Nomenclature and protection of the plant species followed those documented in
the AFCD's biodiversity database. Plant species recorded during the survey are
considered of conservation importance when it is 1) listed under Protection of
Endangered Species of Animals and Plants Ordinance (Cap.586) in Hong Kong,
2) Forestry Regulations or 3) considered
rare by AFCD (2003, 2007), Xing et al. (2000), Wu and Lee (2000), or Siu
(2000), 4) Category I or II protected species in mainland China, or 5) listed
by IUCN or CITES, excluding non-native species or cultivated species.
Sensitivity
of LRs and LCAs
11.3.1.12 A qualitative description of LRs and LCAs has been
provided and their extent quantified either by area or length. The sensitivity of the LCAs and LRs are
evaluated and rated taking into account the following criteria:
·
quality of landscape characters/resources;
·
importance and rarity of special landscape
elements;
·
ability of the landscape to accommodate
change;
·
significance of the change in local and
regional context, and
·
maturity of the landscape.
11.3.1.13 The sensitivity ratings are classified as below:
|
High: |
LR or LCA of high quality and value, which
is sensitive to even relatively small changes. |
|
Medium: |
LR or LCA of moderate quality and value,
which is reasonably tolerant to change. |
|
Low: |
LR or LCA of low quality and value, which
is largely tolerant to change. |
Identification
of Potential Sources of Impact
11.3.1.14 There
are various permanent and temporary construction works elements and operational
procedures that have the potential to generate landscape impacts. Any potential
sources of impact related to the DP will be identified.
Magnitude
of Change to LRs and LCAs
11.3.1.15 The
assessment of “Magnitude of Change” for landscape impacts considers the
following criteria:
·
compatibility of the project with the
surrounding landscape,
·
duration of impacts under construction and
operation phases,
·
scale of development, and
·
reversibility of change.
11.3.1.16 The magnitude of change is considered separately for the construction phase and operational phase; the ratings are classified as below:
|
Large: |
LR or LCA will suffer a major change. |
|
Intermediate: |
LR or LCA will suffer a moderate change. |
|
Small: |
LR or LCA will suffer a barely perceptible
change. |
|
Negligible: |
LR or LCA will suffer no discernible
change. |
Impact
Significance in relation to LRs and LCAs
11.3.1.17 The
assessment of the “Impact Significance Threshold before Mitigation” for
landscape impacts is considered during the construction and operational phases
(Day 1 and Year 10) by synthesizing the “Sensitivity” and “Magnitude of Change”
for various LRs and LCAs according to Table
11.1. The degree of significance has been divided into four thresholds
identified below:
|
Substantial: |
Adverse / beneficial impact where the
proposals will cause significant deterioration or improvement in existing
landscape quality |
|
Moderate: |
Adverse / beneficial impact where the
proposal will cause a noticeable deterioration or improvement in existing
landscape quality |
|
Slight: |
Adverse / beneficial impact where the
proposal will cause barely perceptible deterioration or improvement in
existing landscape quality |
|
Insignificant: |
No discernible change in the existing
landscape quality |
Table 11.1 Relationship
between Sensitivity of LR / LCA and Magnitude of Change
|
|
Receptor Sensitivity (of LR/LCA) |
|||
|
Low |
Medium |
High |
||
|
Magnitude of Change |
Negligible |
Insignificant |
Insignificant |
Insignificant |
|
Small |
Slight |
Slight/
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
|
Intermediate |
Slight/Moderate |
Moderate |
Moderate/
Substantial |
|
|
Large |
Moderate |
Moderate/
Substantial |
Substantial |
|
Identification
of Potential Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures
11.3.1.18 Identification
of potential mitigation measures, alternative design, and/or alignment, and/ or
construction methodologies that will make the project more compatible with its
landscape setting. Alternative design, and/ or alignment, and/ or
construction methodologies that will avoid or reduce landscape and visual
impacts are considered before adopting other mitigation measures. The key principles and concepts of the
revised RODP, particularly with respect to landscape and visual considerations,
will avoid, reduce or compensate for potential adverse impacts. It would
incorporate a number of specific planning or design principles and concepts to
alleviate adverse landscape and visual impacts at the outset, such as adopting
a steeping height of buildings, provision of CA and CPA, provision of open
space, enhancement on Fung Shui Woodland, preservation of natural streams, and
preservation of cultural heritage and so on.
11.3.1.19
Mitigation measures are considered for
both construction and operational phases to prevent or minimise unavoidable
adverse impacts and/ or generate beneficial long-term impacts. To ensure their
effectiveness throughout the construction and operational phases, the relevant
responsible parties for the on-going management and maintenance of the proposed
mitigation measures have been identified.
Identification
of Landscape Residual Impact
11.3.1.20 This part of the assessment describes any
unavoidable residual adverse landscape impacts to LRs and LCAs. Residual
impacts are those which remain post implementation of mitigation measures after
commissioning of the development (operation Day 1 & Year 10).
11.3.1.21 The level of impact is derived from the magnitude of change which the development will cause to the LR or LCA taking into account its ability to tolerate change and effectiveness of mitigation measures.
11.3.2
Visual Impact
Assessment Methodology
11.3.2.1
The assessment
area for visual impact assessment is defined in accordance with EIAO Guidance
Note No. 8/2010, the Technical Memorandum on EIA Process (TM-EIAO), particularly Annexes 10 (Criteria for Evaluating
Visual and Landscape Impact, and Impact on Sites of Cultural Heritage) and 18
(Guidelines for Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment) . It includes the areas
within the Visual Envelope (VE) that could potentially see the Project, and
defines the limit of its visibility.
Identification
and Plotting of Visual Envelope (VE)
11.3.2.2
The visual
assessment area is defined by the VE which is the area that any part of the
proposed project can be seen from, and is generally the viewshed formed by
natural / manmade features such as ridgelines, built form or areas of woodland
/ large trees. The VE may contain areas, which are fully visible, partly
visible and non-visible from the project.
11.3.2.3
The VE of the
Project is identified through a combination of detailed field surveys, desktop
study and review of aerial photographs. The VSRs for the visual impact
assessment are identified within the VE.
Sensitivity
of VSRs
11.3.2.4 VSRs
within the VE during the construction and operational phases of the development
are identified. Views from these points
are recorded, described and the sensitivity assessed.
11.3.2.5 The
assessment of sensitivity is based on the quality and extent of the existing
view. The factors affecting the
sensitivity of receivers for evaluation of visual impacts include the
following:
·
Value and quality of existing views;
·
Availability and amenity of alternative
views;
·
Type and estimated number of receiver
population;
·
Duration or frequency of view; and
·
Degree of visibility.
11.3.2.6 The VSRs and their sensitivity can be broadly categorised as follows:
|
High
Sensitivity |
The VSR is highly sensitive to any changes
in the viewing experience – e.g. Residential properties where the principle
view is of the development site, formalised public viewpoints or designed landscape
vistas. |
|
Medium
Sensitivity |
The VSR is moderately sensitive to any
changes in the viewing experience – e.g. Outdoor workers, office workers,
recreational users, residential properties where the secondary view is of the
development. |
|
Low
Sensitivity |
The VSR is slightly sensitive to any
changes in the viewing experience – e.g. People travelling through the
landscape (by private/public motorised transport). |
11.3.2.7 The duration of the impact during construction and operation is determined based on the following ratings:
|
Construction: |
|
|
Temporary
|
Construction works that will only be
visible for a short duration of the overall construction period. |
|
Permanent |
Construction work will be visible
throughout the whole construction period. |
|
Operation: |
|
|
Temporary
|
Elements of the project that will be open
to the view for a short period of time but is likely disappear at an early
stage in the operational phase with minimal intervention or mitigation, for
example, further growth of existing tree screening. |
|
Permanent |
Views of the project that will remain
permanently open to the view. |
Magnitude
of Change to VSRs
11.3.2.8 Magnitude
of change to an existing view can be determined by a number of interrelated
factors, including:
·
compatibility of the Project with the
surrounding landscape;
·
duration of impacts under construction and
operation phases;
·
scale of development;
·
reversibility of change;
·
viewing distance; and
·
potential obstruction of view.
11.3.2.9 The
magnitude of changes at different stages of the construction and operational
phases are considered separately, with ratings set out below:
|
Large: |
The VSRs will suffer a major change in
their viewing experience. |
|
Intermediate: |
The VSRs will suffer a moderate change in
their viewing experience. |
|
Small: |
The VSRs will suffer a small change in
their viewing experience. |
|
Negligible: |
The VSRs will suffer no discernible change
in their viewing experience. |
Impact
Significance in relation to VSRs
11.3.2.10 The
impact significance to VSRs deals with the prediction of “Impact Significance
Threshold before Mitigation” for visual impacts through combining the
“Sensitivity to Change” and “Magnitude of Change” for various VSRs according to
Table 11.2 below.
11.3.2.11 The degree of significance is divided into four thresholds:
|
Substantial: |
Adverse / beneficial impact where the
proposal would cause significant deterioration or improvement in existing
visual quality |
|
Moderate: |
Adverse / beneficial impact where the
proposal would cause a noticeable deterioration or improvement in existing visual
quality |
|
Slight: |
Adverse / beneficial impact where the
proposal would cause a barely perceptible deterioration or improvement in
existing visual quality |
|
Insignificant: |
No discernible change in the existing
visual quality |
Table 11.2 Relationship
between Sensitivity of VSRs and Magnitude of Change
|
|
|
Receptor Sensitivity (of VSR) |
||
|
|
|
Low |
Medium |
High |
|
Magnitude of Change |
Negligible |
Insignificant |
Insignificant |
Insignificant |
|
Small |
Slight |
Slight/
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
|
Intermediate |
Slight/Moderate |
Moderate |
Moderate/
Substantial |
|
|
Large |
Moderate |
Moderate/
Substantial |
Substantial |
|
Identification
of Potential Visual Mitigation Measures
11.3.2.12 The visual mitigation measures are described
collectively within landscape mitigation measure section in Section 11.3.1.11 and 11.3.1.12.
Identification
of Visual Residual Impact
11.3.2.13 This part of the assessment describes any
unavoidable residual adverse visual impacts to VSRs. Residual impacts are those
which remain post implementation of mitigation measures after commissioning of
the development.
11.3.2.14 The
level of impact is derived from the magnitude of change which the development
will cause to the VSRs taking into account its ability to tolerate change and
effectiveness of mitigation measures.
11.3.3
Conclusion
11.3.3.1 The conclusion will briefly recap the impacts of the proposed development. Separate descriptions on the conclusion of landscape impact assessment and visual impact assessment will be clearly stated.
11.3.3.2 An
overall conclusion will be made on the development based on the identified
landscape and visual impacts described in Table
11.3:
Table 11.3 Residual impact
assessment methodology
|
Overall Result of LVIA Assessment |
Description |
|
Beneficial |
The
impact is beneficial if the project will complement and enhance the landscape
value and visual character of its setting, will follow the relevant planning
objectives and will improve overall landscape and visual quality. |
|
Acceptable |
The
impact is acceptable if the assessment indicates that there will be no
significant effects on the landscape, no significant visual effects caused by
the appearance of the project, or no interference with key views. |
|
Acceptable
with mitigation measures |
The
impact is acceptable with mitigation measures if there will be some adverse
effects, but these can be eliminated, reduced or offset to a large extent by
specific measures. |
|
Unacceptable |
The
impact is unacceptable if the adverse effects are considered too excessive
and are unable to mitigate practically. |
|
Undetermined |
The
impact is undetermined if significant adverse effects are likely, but the
extent to which they may occur or may be mitigated cannot be determined from
the study. Further detailed study will be required for the specific
effects in question. |
11.4 Review of Planning and Development Control Framework
11.4.1
Overview of the Government’s Development
Intentions
The Development of Tung Chung New Town
11.4.1.1
The development of Tung Chung New Town
started in the 1990s under the original goal of establishing a supporting
community for Hong Kong’s new international airport. In 2004, the Administration endorsed a new concept plan for planning
initiatives on Lantau which placed more emphasis on tourism, economic
infrastructure and nature conservation on Lantau with a corresponding reduction
in housing development.
And in 2007, the Revised Concept Plan for Lantau was completed, according to the Revised Concept Plan for
Lantau, Tung Chung would be a
comprehensively planned new town with a capacity to accommodate a total
population of about 220,000.
Policy Address of the HKSAR Government
11.4.1.2 Increasing land supply has been identified in recent Policy Addresses，as Policy Address 2014 examined the housing issue and considered that the housing shortage problem had been serious. Tung Chung has been identified as one of the potential areas to contribute to the land supply. Besides, extension of the Tung Chung New Town had also been highlighted again as one of the strategies to increase the long term land supply. Similar statement was also emphasised in the Policy Address 2015 on the need on the extension of Tung Chung New Town for supplying residential units and a commercial hub.
11.4.1.3 It
is considered that the current proposed Tung Chung New Town Development and
associated works are in principle following the intentions and concept of
relevant studies, and have the potential to provide additional land supply,
housing supply and employment opportunities for the new town dwellers.
11.4.2
Revised RODP Design to Minimize Landscape
and Visual Impacts
11.4.2.1 The existing Outline Zone Plans (OZPs) is considered in relation to the revised RODPs and layout plans of the Tung Chung New Town Development, with the aim of assessing whether the Project can fit into the surrounding environmental settings. Since the approved OZP No.S/I-TCTC/20 “Tung Chung Town Centre Area” has not covered the proposed PDAs, small areas from existing OZP for the proposed RODP are changed. These changes are in general in line with the planning intention of existing OZP. The key changes are itemized in the following Table 11.4 and shown in Appendix 11.2:
Table 11.4 The changes from
existing OZP for the proposed RODP
|
Item |
Location |
Existing
Zoning Type within OZP1 |
Changes in RODP2 |
|
1 |
TCE: Area
57, Area 59 and Road P1 |
O,
G/I/C |
G,
OU, C, DO |
|
2 |
TCE: Road
L3 ( section near Area 54 and Area 55) |
O |
DO,
G |
|
3 |
TCW: Area
23, Area 29, Area 48 |
O,
R(A) |
RO,
DO, V, G R2,
R3 |
Note:
1. Zoning type in OZP
·
O – Open Space
·
G/I/C –
Government, Institution or Community
·
R(A) – Residential
(Group A)
2. Zoning type in RODP
·
R2 – Residential 2
(PR4)
·
R3 – Residential 3
(PR1.5-3.5)
·
G – Government
·
OU – Other
Specified Uses
·
C – Commercial (PR
2-3)
·
DO – District Open
Space
·
RO – Regional Open
Space
·
V- Village
Development Area
11.4.2.2 Due to the latest planning circumstances and public concerns on the landscape and visual sensitivity of the Tung Chung Bay, the proposal for Tung Chung West reclamation is not pursued, while the focus of the revised RODP will concentrate on the development in the 120ha reclamation in TCE and optimizing existing land in the TCW.
11.4.2.3 The revised RODP sets out the proposed land use framework to guide future development of the TCE and TCW area in terms of spatial land use arrangements, development intensities and heights, major infrastructural networks, open space and visual corridor etc. The key principles and concepts of the revised RODP, particularly with respect to landscape and visual considerations, would avoid, reduce or compensate for potential adverse impacts.
11.4.3
Development
Principles and Concepts incorporated in the revised RODP
11.4.3.1 The revised RODP has incorporated a number of specific planning principles and concepts to address the key environmental concerns identified during the public engagements, and to alleviate landscape and visual impacts at the outset. The below text summarises those specific planning principles and concepts that have been incorporated into the revised RODP.
Adopting a stepping height of buildings
11.4.3.2 For TCE, the building height near to the coastline have been strategically set to lower height (e.g. 44mPD to 70mPD for coastal R3 zone) while those closer to NLH and the proposed new train station would be taller (e.g. a limit to 194mPD for CDA site). This would allow a more respectable built forms to the ridgeline to reduce the visual impacts. Similarly, for TCW, the height limit for coastal R4 zone is 21mPD while RS zone near to the hillside will have a higher limit to 126mPD. The position of the building blocks have also been designed to maintain view corridors and designation of building separation in order to avoid wall-liking buildings and achieve better visual permeability.
Provision of a CA along Tributary of Tung Chung Stream
11.4.3.3 For TCW, a buffer zone of about 20-30m along Tung Chung Stream has been zoned as CA to address the ecological concern. This CA zone would also help to ensure only minimal construction works to be conducted within the CA and hence also help to avoid impacts on the landscape resources within CA. This would also help to minimize visual impacts on the sensitive receivers in close proximity to Tung Chung Stream.
Provision of a CPA along the Natural Coastline of TCW
11.4.3.4 Similar to the CA along Tung Chung Stream, a CPA of 30m wide has been allowed along the natural coastline of TCW. This CPA would help to ensure only minimal construction work to be conducted within the CPA and hence also help to avoid impacts on the landscape resources within CPA. This would also help to minimize visual impacts on the sensitive receivers in close proximity to the natural coastline.
Encroachment on Fung Shui Woodland
11.4.3.5 A total of 6.03ha of Fung Shui Woodland has been identified with the RODP boundary during the ecological survey. These Fung Shui Woodlands are typically in the close proximity of existing village areas and hence are important landscape resources. In order to preserve these landscape resources, the landuse in TCW have been purposefully adjusted to avoid the woodland as much as possible. The majority of Fung Shui Woodland would be preserved and they have also been zoned as either CA or GB, depending on the ecological value identified. However, due to the need for sufficient road width to satisfy requirements and the need for flood protection measures to achieve an acceptable risk level, there would still be a small portion (0.20ha) of those Fung Shui Woodland that would be affected amongst the 4.21ha of Fung Shui Woodland within the RODP boundary. To compensate for the loss, extensive areas have been reserved near the service reservoirs for compensatory woodland tree planting.
Provision of Central Green
11.4.3.6 The current RODP has included a Central Green of 4.8ha in TCE and the Town Park of 19.2ha in TCW. Both parks are zoned as DO. These Central Greens are strategically situated at locations conveniently accessible by both existing and future communities. As part of the visual corridor, they would serve as visual connection between the inland area and the waterfront as well as visual relief of the high density developments in the area. They will also be a focal point for the proposed community. These Central Greens can enhance the visual amenity of the area and improve the overall landscape character, and benefit local communities as much as possible.
Provision of an Underpass in TCE
11.4.3.7 A section of Road in TCE has been strategically designed to take the form of an underpass. By doing this, it has provided an opportunity for the Central Green in TCE to occupy a large area without compromising the transportation need. The underpass which provides an extra 0.4ha area on the ground can reserve sufficient land for the continuity of open space. This area could be served as another part of Central Green to increase the coverage of greenery and enhance the visual amenity of the TCE area.
Provision of a Promenade
11.4.3.8 The existing promenade runs from the west of Tung Chung Development Pier, passing underneath Chek Lap Kok South Road and ends at the hill side next to Ma Wan Chung with an approximate length of 740m. The public pier, plaza and gardens of the promenade can be the focal points for the visitors and surrounding community. In order to enhance the connectivity from existing Tung Chung Centre to the TCW, an extension of waterfront promenade at the coastal area of proposed Town Park, with an approximate length of 320m, is proposed to allow the local community to have a more user friendly access using the promenade to enjoy the Tung Chung Bay and its scenic view.
Preservation of Cultural Heritage
11.4.3.9 The declared monuments and historic buildings have been considered in the revised RODP. All identified built heritage items within the vicinity of TCW such as Tung Chung Fort, Tung Chung Battery, Hau Wong Temple and Entrance Gate at Shek Mun Kap are located in land use zonings of the RODP in which no development is proposed. Impacts on these items are not anticipated. While, the cultural heritage will also be respected and preserved in terms of space and building height of the proposed developments nearby.
Revitalizing the Engineering Section of Tung Chung Stream e.g. Provision
of River Park
11.4.3.10 Currently there is an engineered section (approx. 625m in length and about 15m in width) of Tung Chung Stream located to the northeast of Shek Lau Po. In order to restore the ecological connection between upstream and downstream of Tung Chung Stream and the estuary downstream, it is proposed to revitalise most part of this existing channelized section of Tung Chung Stream (about 415m long). Together with the natural section of Tung Chung Stream immediate upstream up to Shek Mun Kap (approximately 360m long), it is proposed to convert the entire area into amenity uses and for environmental enhancement, i.e. in a form as a River Park. This River Park would occupy an area of approximately 3.3ha along a total length of 775m and would aim to promote eco-education by setting up viewing decks / boardwalk, passive recreation zone for appreciation of natural environment. Besides, this Park would also help to prevent massive infrastructures within the Park to avoid impacts due to construction and human disturbance (see Appendix 1.2 for the proposed extent). This will also enhance the landscape resources and help to improve visual quality to the sensitive receivers in close proximity.
11.5 Landscape Baseline Study
11.5.1
Landscape Baseline Conditions
11.5.1.1 The assessment area (Figure 11.1da, 11.1db, 11.1dc and 11.1dd) is from Siu Ho Wan natural terrain of the Tung Chung Stream to the west. Major roads access to the area are North Lantau Expressway, Yu Tung Road and Tung Chung Road. Along these roads, modified slopes are found on the lowland and natural terrain including woodland, shrubland and grassland are abundant in the inner part of Lantau. Woodland, shrubland and grassland are continuous to the west of the study area of Ngau Au.
11.5.1.2 At the northern part of Tung Chung East (TCE), there is mainly reclaimed land associated with urban infrastructure. Urban areas are mainly planned along the main roads with a view to the sea or strait and a backdrop of Lantau mountains. Villages are commonly found in between the access roads and the woodland areas. Some patches of Fung Shui Woods can be identified near the villages e.g. Sheung Ling Pei, Shek Mun Kap, Ngau Au, Shek Lau Po and Mok Ka within the assessment area. encro Woodlands are woodlands preserved during village development and are characterized by high flora diversity. Parcels of agricultural lands are also found within TCW. Some of these agricultural lands have been abandoned and have regenerated into freshwater marshes and grassland while the remaining are used as orchards. A total of 5 graded historic buildings are located within the PDAs or in the vicinity of the PDAs. They include Watchtower at Pak Mong Tsuen, Entrance Gate at Pak Mong, Hau Wong Temple at Tung Chung, Entrance Gate at Shek Mun Kap and Tin Hau Temple on Wong Lung Hang Road. 7 Sites of Archaeological Interest are located within the PDAs or in the vicinity of the PDAs, such as Ma Wan Chung, Tung Chung Game Board Carving, Sha Tsui Tau and Tai Ho.
11.5.1.3 Water bodies include two types coastal waters to the north of the assessment area and ecologically important watercourses originated from Lantau mountains and flowing towards the coastal bay of Tung Chung. They direct from the south to the north with intertidal flora and natural stones as important landscape elements.
11.5.1.4 Tung Chung contains two types of shorelines. For the reclamation of Tung Chung Town, the artificial seawall and shorelines were established. The natural shorelines are left in the west of Tung Chung that outside the main core of Tung Chung New Town.
Landscape
Resources (LRs)
11.5.1.5 According
to the latest EIA SB (ESB-285/2015) the baseline review comprises the
identification of all existing LRs and LCAs within 500m of the boundaries of
PDA and associated infrastructure (shown in Figure 11.2a
and 11.3a).
Since the overall Study Area is a combination of urban and rural
setting, the LRs can be classified into different major categories as follows,
and detailed description of each LRs are included in Table 11.6:
·
LR1 – Secondary Woodland: LR1 refers to
strips of secondary woodland found on the foothills and slopes between Ngau Au
and San Tau in Tung Chung, the slope where Lo Hon Temple located, lower slopes
of Por Kai Shan, and the periphery of Ma Wan Hill. They are subcategorized
according to location for ease of assessment as follows:
LR1a Secondary Woodland near Tai Ho Wan and Siu Ho Wan
LR1b
Secondary Woodland near Kei Tau Kok
LR1c
Secondary Woodland near Yu Tung Road
LR1d
Secondary Woodland along New Tung Chung Hang
LR1e
Secondary Woodland near Lung Tseng Tau
LR1f Secondary Woodland near Shek Mun Kap
LR1g
Secondary Woodland near San Keng
LR1h
Secondary Woodland near Mok Ka
LR1i
Secondary Woodland near Ngau Au
LR1j
Secondary Woodland near Ma Wan Hill
·
LR2 – Shrubland and Grassland: This LR
dominates the local hillsides surrounding Tung Chung Valley and northern slopes
of Por Kai Shan linking with secondary woodland areas. It is associated with areas of natural terrain
which has undergone intermittent burning. They are subcategorized according to
location for ease of assessment as follows:
LR2a Shrubland and Grassland near Tai Ho Wan and
Siu Ho Wan
LR2b Shrubland and Grassland near North Lantau
Highway
LR2c Shrubland and Grassland near Yu Tung Road
LR2d Shrubland and Grassland near Tung Chung Road
LR2e Shrubland and Grassland near San Keng
LR2f Shrubland and Grassland near Mok Ka
LR2g Shrubland and Grassland near Tung Hing
LR2h Shrubland and Grassland near Ma Wan Hill
LR2i Shrubland and Grassland near Scenic Hill
·
LR3 – Transitional Waters: LR3 refers to the waters near the mouths of the
channels reaching Tung Chung Bay and the waters to the south of North Lantau
Highway in Tai Ho Wan, where a mixture of freshwater and marine waters exist.
·
LR4 – Coastal Waters: LR4 refers to the
seawater (excluding transitional waters) within Tung Chung Bay, the channel
formed between North Lantau coastline and Chek Lap Kok Island (HKIA) and the
open water north of Tung Chung which maintains a seawater link to Tung Chung
Bay. North Lantau coastline, constructed
in artificial stone revetment, forms southern boundary. The identification of this LR recognises the
tidal range of this resource and fundamental link to LR3, LR6a and LR6b.
·
LR5 – Watercourses: LR5 refers to natural
watercourses within the assessment area including Tung Chung Stream, Wong Lung
Hang Stream and Tai Ho Stream. Smaller tributary streams originate from the
Country Park feeding the larger streams which then enter Tung Chung Bay. They
are subcategorized according to location for ease of assessment as follows:
LR5a
Natural Streams and Rivers
LR5b
Channelized Watercourse
·
LR6 – Natural Shoreline: LR6 refers to
coastal landscape comprising mudflats and rocky coastline (includes inter-tidal
range). They are subcategorized according to location for ease of assessment as
follows:
LR6a
Mudflats
LR6b
Rocky Shore
·
LR7 – Roads, Urban Infrastructure and
Major Transport Corridor: This LR refers to the roads, transport corridor and the
associated infrastructure. They are subcategorized according to location for
ease of assessment as follows:
LR7a
Roads and Urban Infrastructure: Refers to tree avenues, verges and amenity
landscape areas associated with access roads and main pedestrian routes
throughout the assessment area.
Combination of mature avenue trees, grassed areas and ornamental shrubs
provide structure to the landscape and improve the landscape and visual
integration of the road system.
LR7b
Major Transport Corridor: LR7 refers to the major infrastructure corridors
forming the NLH, HKIA, AEL & Tung Chung Line. Generally this routes do not comprise any
vegetation cover and are predominantly formed of engineered
structures/barriers, modified slopes & embankments, road or rail lines and
hard surfacing/ ballast.
·
LR8 – Village Type Development: LR8 refers to the scattered settlements, villages,
small holdings and mixed vegetation along the Tung Chung Valley, around Tung
Chung Bay and to the east in Tai Ho.
Several village houses, municipal
buildings / facilities are scattered throughout Tung Chung bay within the low
lying areas behind the beach forming the settlement of Sha Tsui Tau.
·
LR9 – Urbanised Area: LR9 refers to the
urbanised areas of Tung Chung including the main residential developments
linking to Man Tung Road, Tung Chung Crescent, GIC landuses and Yat Tung
Estate, commercial, educational and recreational development forming Tung
Chung. These areas include a mixture of
municipal road side tree and shrub planting, planting associated with private
residential courtyard areas, ornamental planting within high amenity public
parks and recreational spaces.
·
LR10 – Agricultural Land: LR10 refers to
active agricultural lands (LR10c) and landscape regenerated from abandoned
agricultural land, which are mainly located within the floor of Tung Chung
valley and linking to Ma Wan Chung.
Active agricultural land includes vegetable farms, community/organic
farms and orchards. Orchards are densely planted with fruit trees including
longan, litchi and wongpei. Abandoned agricultural lands have regenerated into
landscapes such as grassland (LR10a) and freshwater marshes (LR10b).
LR10a Regenerated Grassland of Abandoned Agricultural Land
LR10b Regenerated
Freshwater Marshes of Abandoned Agricultural Land
LR10c Active Agricultural Land
·
LR11 – Plantation: LR11 refers to tree
plantation found on engineered slopes along Shun Tung Road, South Lantau
Highway and Yu Tung Court.
·
LR12 – Fung Shui Woodland: This LR is
found in Sheung Ling Pei, Shek Mun Kap, Shek Lau Po, Ngau Au and Mok Ka. Fung
shui woods are woodland composed of a mixture of native (mostly low-elevation
broad-leaved trees) and exotic (mostly fruit trees) plant species preserved
during village development and are characterised by old age and high flora
diversity.
·
LR12 – Mangroves: The LR refers to areas
of mangrove and reedbed located within the intertidal zone of Tung Chung Bay.
The largest mangrove stand is located to the west of Tung Chung Stream estuary.
·
LR13 – Reedbed: The LR refers to a few
stands of reedbed located along the
fringe of the mangrove stand within the intertidal zone of Tung Chung Bay.
·
LR15 – Artificial Seawall: LR15 refers to
artificial coastline formed along reclaimed areas along the Tung Chung
waterfront and around Scenic Hill. These
comprise stone revetment construction or vertical concrete walls. Pedestrian or vehicular parapet is provided
along footpath / road interfaces.
Landscape
Character Areas (LCAs)
11.5.1.6
The LCAs in the Study Area are classified
into major categories as follows:
·
LCA1 – Inshore Water Landscape: LCA1
refers to waterscape north of Tung Chung.
The coastal interface is predominantly constructed in artificial stone
revetment. The seascape is open to the
north towards with views of Tai Mo To, Siu Mo To, Tsz Kan Chau and towards Tuen
Mun.
·
LCA2 – Strait Landscape: LCA2 refers to
the narrow channel formed by the southern coastline of HKIA and Tung Chung.
Waterfront on the Tung Chung side is artificial rock revetment whereas the
natural coastline remains intact on the Chek Lap Kok side with narrow beaches
and rocky shoreline. Two road bridges
cross over the channel linking Tung Chung to Chek Lap Kok. The Airport Express Line crosses on a
separate bridge. These structures further
enclose the area.
·
LCA3 – Inter-tidal Coast Landscape: LCA3
refers to intertidal beach, mudflat and foreshore of Tung Chung Bay which is
formed by natural coastline to the south and west, the Yat Tung Estate to the
east and Airport Island to the north.
The scale of development drops dramatically as it meets this bay, from
the high density areas of Tung Chung to small villages and scattered dwellings.
Many of the natural features of the bay remain.
·
LCA4 – Coastal Upland and Hillside
Landscape: LCA4 refers to natural upland prominences generally above 40mPD
along the coastal interface. This
includes Scenic Hill (designated as GB) and Ma Wan Hill (designated as OS)
either side of the channel separating Tung Chung from HKIA. Vegetation cover
comprises shrubland and grassland with some areas of secondary woodland. Whilst these areas have been influenced by
human activities including burials, informal/ formal tracks and small scale
buildings, they remain relatively wild and natural in character
·
LCA5 – Settled Valley Landscape: LCA5
refers to the scattered settlements, tracks, forests, agricultural plots and
natural landscape in the upper Tung Chung Valley above 40mPD. Human development appears embedded into the
surrounding hillside forests, are small in scale and do not overly detract from
the dramatic mountain backdrop. Several temples are scattered throughout the
valley including the Tin Hau Temple near Chek Lap
Kok New Village. This LCA also includes Part of Tung Chung Fort (site of
archaeological interest), Chek Lap Kok New Village, and areas in Pak Mong with
village settlements, agricultural land, plantation, the historic buildings of
Watchtower, Entrance Gate and part of the Tai Ho Site of archaeological
Interest. Rare and protected species including Aquilaria sinensis, Cibotium barometz, Pavetta hongkongensis and Gmelina chinensis are found in Tung
Chung Valley. Rare and protected species including Aquilaria sinensis, Cibotium barometz and Pavetta hongkongensis are found in Pak Mong.
·
LCA6 – Upland Hillside Landscape: LCA6
refers to undeveloped upland hillside landscape surrounding the study area
generally above 40mPD. The natural
terrain comprises shrubland/ grassland with some strips of secondary woodland
and rocky outcrops.
·
LCA7 – Reclamation / Ongoing Major
Development Landscape: LCA7 refers to landscape on the edge of the urban area
comprising undeveloped reclaimed land fronting the PDA at TCE and the
construction sites at Area 30 at TCW.
They are subcategorized according to location for ease of assessment as
follows:
LCA7a
Reclamation / Ongoing Major Development Landscape: LCA7a refers to the partially developed
areas at Areas 53, 54, 55 and 56 for public/private residential development.
LCA7b On-going Major Development Landscape - LCA
refers to landscape at the construction area at Area 30 and Construction site
of Tung Chung West Station in TCW. Grassland with some trees covers the
northern part of the area while the majority of the area is disturbed land with
little vegetation.
·
LCA8 – Transportation Corridor Landscape:
LCA8 refers to the transport corridor approaching Tung Chung from the east
containing the NLH and AEL connecting Hong Kong International Airport with
Lantau Island. The NLH comprises a 6-lane
highway delineated with vertical concrete barriers and boundary fencing. Adjacent to it is the 2-lane Cheung Tung Road
linking Tung Chung with Pak Mong, Ngau Kwu Long and Tai Ho. The AEL runs on the outside of the road
corridor along the water front. The
corridor is entirely built on top of reclaimed landscape. Vegetation cover is restricted to narrow
verges with grass, hedge and small tree planting.
·
LCA9 – Mixed Modern Comprehensive Urban
Development Landscape: LCA9 refers to the central high rise residential and
commercial area of Tung Chung. This
earlier phase of the Tung Chung new town development is more compact in layout
and is orientated around a central shopping and pedestrian precinct in
comparison to the modern phases to the west which are more open and mainly
separate from the shopping area. Area includes several parks and a waterfront
promenade. The promenade is a series of
tree and shrub planting, picnic areas, seating, cycle route and pedestrian
paths. This provides a buffer between
the waterfront road and coastline. Areas
designated as ‘Open Space’ include recreational and private green space
comprising parks, formal tree avenues, specimen tree and shrub planting,
private courtyards, swimming pools and play/recreation areas.
·
LCA10 - Urban Peripheral Village and Rural Fringe Landscape : This LCA is are
subcategorized according to location for ease of assessment as follows:
·
LCA10a - LCA
refers to the small scale village settlements scattered in Tung Chun Bay, Ngau
Au, Tung Hing, Shek Lau Po, Mok Ka, Nim Yuen, Chap Mun Tau and Shek Pik Au in TCW. The majority
of them comprise low-rise village houses in a cluster while some are a group of
a few houses. Old fishing village and settlements are located
within the foreshore of Tung Chung Bay including Ma Wan Chung. Hau Wong Temple,
built in 1765, sits in the middle of the beach adjacent to recreational grounds
and other small buildings.
LCA10b – LCA refers to the agricultural land and
small areas of Fung Shui Woods in Tung Chun Bay, Ngau Au, Tung Hing, Shek Lau
Po, Mok Ka, Nim Yuen, Chap Mun Tau and Shek Pik Au in TCW. They comprise
agricultural land of various types, including active agricultural land and
regenerated grassland or freshwater marshes from abandoned agricultural land.
LCA10c - LCA refers to the well-established village
development to the south of Yat Tung Estate, covering area in Lung Tseng Tau,
Wong Ka Wai, Ha Ling Pei, Sheung Ling Pei and Fui Yiu Ha. They comprise mainly
lowrise village houses in dense clusters, the Tung Chung Public School campus
and the Tung Chung Fort.
·
LCA11 – Airport Landscape: LCA11 refers to
the reclaimed landscape forming HKIA excluding the main road infrastructure on
the eastern edge of the island. In
addition to airport, runways and terminals.
The LCA includes a golf course, Expo centre, hotel facilities, surface
parking, fuel storage tanks and airport support/ancillary buildings. A relatively large proportion of open green
space is provided, formed around the complex system of road viaducts, junctions
and on verges. Amenity Public Open Space
such as small parks and precinct are provided adjacent to the hotel facilities,
Expo centre and various offices.
·
LCA12 –
Institutional Landscape: LCA refers to the North Lantau Hospital, the Caritas
Charles Vath College and the YMCA of Hong Kong Christian College and associated
open air sports facilities, and the land nearby. Landscape planting generally
comprises amenity trees and shrubs with grassland areas.
·
LCA13–Residential
Urban Landscape: LCA refers to the landscape at the housing development of Yat
Tung Estate. It comprises over twenty highrise residential buildings and associated buildings such as
shopping malls, carpark, community centres and schools. Landscaped areas with
ornamental planting, feature paving and sports facilities are provided at grade
and on rooftops.
11.5.1.7
The LRs and LCAs are described in further
detail in Tables 11.6 and 11.7, and with their sensitivity in Section 11.5.5.
11.5.2
Broad Brush Tree and Vegetation Survey
Broad Brush
and Vegetation Survey Result
11.5.2.1
Vegetation types identified within the
Assessment Area included secondary woodland, fung shui wood, plantation,
shrubland/grassland, agricultural lands (dry active, dry abandoned, and wet
abandoned), urbanized/disturbed/wasteland, watercourse, mangroves, reedbed,
rocky shore, mudflat, seawall, and coastal waters (refers to Figure 11.2a to 11.2ac and Table 11.5). Photos of Landscape
Resources and plant species of conservation importance are presented in Figure 11.2b to 11.2k.
11.5.2.2
For the vegetation survey record, a total
of 496 plant species were recorded, 335 of which are native species (refers to Appendix 9.2). Ten
plant species considered of conservation importance were recorded during the
ecological field survey: Aquilaria
sinensis, Pavetta hongkongensis, Cibotium barometz, Gmelina chinensis,
Diospyros vaccinioides, Ligustrum punctifolium, Uvaria calamistrata,
Rhododendron simsii, Corydalis racemosa, Zostera japonica and Halophila ovalis (refers
to Figures 9.5a
and 9.5b).
11.5.2.3
Aquilaria
sinensis is protected under Cap. 586 in Hong Kong and is
rather common in lowland forest and fung shui woods. It is also a Category II
nationally protected species in China and is listed as vulnerable in the China
Plant Red Data Book and by IUCN (2002).
Mature trees, young trees, and seedlings of A. sinensis were fairly common within the Assessment Area during
the ecological field survey. Many mature
trees however were fell or damaged illegally due to collection of resin.
Examples of sightings are shown in Figures 9.5a and 9.5b, and more are expected to be found in the
assessment area, most of them are location within the LR of secondary woodland,
agricultural land and village type development of TCW-PDA.
11.5.2.4
Pavetta
hongkongensis is a shrub native to Hong Kong. It is a common
woodland understorey species and is protected under the Forestry Regulations
(Cap. 96). Most of them were found within the LR of fung shui woodland and
secondary woodland at TCW near Shek Mun Kap (refers to Figure 9.5a).
11.5.2.5
Cibotium
barometz is a large tree-like fern native to China
including Hong Kong. It is widely
distributed and commonly found in Hong Kong, mainly along shrubby and forested
valleys and forest margins. Its rhizomes
can be used in herbal medicine. It is
listed in the EIA Ecology Chapter (Appendix 2 of CITES), which is devoted to
species that are not necessarily currently threatened with extinction but that
may become so unless trade is closely controlled. Colonies of Cibotium barometz were recorded along hillside of Shek Mun Kap Road
and at ravine behind Mok Ka.
11.5.2.6
Gmelina
chinensis is a tree locally rare but common on Lantau
Island. It is not protected in Hong
Kong, but is considered vulnerable in China and Recorded in Illustration of
Rare & endangered plant in Guangdong Province. Individuals of G. chinensis were found in the woodland
along Shek Mun Kap road, it has also identified near the Water Service
Reservoir and Tung Chung Valley within the Secondary woodland, shrubsland and
grassland area (refers to Appendix 11-1)
and other areas.
11.5.2.7
Diospyros
vaccinioides is a shrub common in Hong Kong but listed as
Critically Endangered (CR) in IUCN Red List.
An individual is recorded in young woodland along Olympic Trail (refers
to Figure 9.5b).
11.5.2.8
Uvaria
calamistrata is not protected in Hong Kong but is a rare shrub
species occurring in forest. An
individual was recorded in woodland along the trail between Tung Chung and San
Tau.
Table 11.5 Landscape Resources recorded within the Assessment Area and TCW- PDA
|
ID |
Landscape Resources |
Size (ha) |
Percentage (%) |
Size (ha) |
Name of Tree Groups within TWE & TCW-PDA |
|
Assessment Area |
TCW-PDA |
||||
|
LR1 |
Secondary Woodland |
134.66 |
8.80 |
20.79 |
TCV-13; TCV-35; TCV-36; WNU-1；WUN-2; WUN-5; WUN-8; WUN-9; FWSR-2;
FWSR-4; FWSR-6; TCV-13; TCV-14;TCV-16; TCV-17; TCV-22; TCV-32; TCV-36 |
|
LR2 |
Shrubland/Grassland |
370.56 |
24.22 |
16.85 |
FWSR-1;
FWSR-3; FWSR-5; FWSR-7; TCV-14; TCV-16; TCV-17; TCV-20; TCV-35;TCV-36 |
|
LR3 |
Transitional Waters |
28.8 |
0.01 |
0.24 |
N/A |
|
LR4 |
Coastal Waters |
534.36 |
34.92 |
0.01 |
N/A |
|
LR5a |
Natural Streams and Rivers |
12.46 |
0.81 |
2.41 |
N/A |
|
LR5b |
Channelised Watercourse |
1.6 |
0.001 |
0.013 |
N/A |
|
LR6a |
Mudflat |
13.84 |
0.90 |
0.09 |
TCB-1;
TCB-4 |
|
LR6b |
Rocky Shore |
0.15 |
0.01 |
0.01 |
N/A |
|
LR7a |
Road and Urban Infrastructure |
46.68 |
0.03 |
0.38 |
N/A |
|
LR7b |
Major Transport Corridor |
72.1 |
0.05 |
0.59 |
N/A |
|
LR8 |
Village Type Development |
29.4 |
0.02 |
0.24 |
WNU-7;TCV-7;TCV-8;TCV-26 |
|
LR9 |
Urbanised Development |
349.49 |
22.84 |
28.74 |
YHR-1;
YHR-2; TCB-1;TCB-2; TCB-3; TCB-8; TCB-9;
TCB-10; TCB-11; TCB-12 |
|
LR10a |
Regenerated Grassland of Abandoned Agricultural Land |
9.1 |
0.59 |
8.78 |
TCV-17;
TCV-24; TCV-25; TCV-27; TCV-28 |
|
LR10b |
Regenerated Freshwater Marshes of Abandoned Agricultural Land |
3.41 |
0.22 |
3.39 |
TCV-26;
TCV-33; TCV-35 |
|
LR10c |
Active Agricultural Land |
39.78 |
2.6 |
32.98 |
TCB-5； TCB-6； TCB-7；
TCV-6; TCV-9; TCV-10; TCV-11; TCV-12; TCV-15; TCV-18; TCV-19; TCV-21; TCV-22;
TCV-27;TCV-29; TCV-30；TCV-31;
TCV-34; WNU-8; WNU-9 |
|
LR11 |
Plantation |
39.84 |
2.60 |
2.14 |
NLH-1 to
NLH-7; TCV-1；TCV-2；TCV-3; TCV-4； TCV-5; WNU-3; WNU-4; WUN-6; WNU-7 |
|
LR12 |
Fung Shui Wood |
6.03 |
0.39 |
4.21 |
TCV-16;
TCV-18; TCV-19; TCV-23 |
|
LR13 |
Mangrove |
5.57 |
0.36 |
0.59 |
N/A |
|
LR14 |
Reedbed |
1.06 |
0.07 |
0.58 |
N/A |
|
LR15 |
Artificial Seawall |
9.9 |
0.65 |
0.13 |
N/A |
11.5.2.9 Woodland was composed of
secondary woodland and fung shui wood. In the Assessment Area, secondary woodland, survived from hillfire given its proximity to
water or formed during succession from shrubland and grassland or abandoned
agricultural lands, was found mainly along the foothills and ravines. Secondary woodland varied in ages and
diversities. For example, secondary woodlands at foothill of Tai Ho, along
footpath from Tung Chung to San Tau and along Shek Mun Kap Road are more mature
and reached a canopy of 8-12m in height. Woodlands at foothill of Wong Nai Uk,
Fong Yuen and interface between fung shui wood and shrubland and grassland are
younger, ranged from 5-8m in height. Tree species including Pinus massoniana, Schefflera heptaphylla,
Mallotus paniculatus, Rhus succedanea, Celtis
sinensis and Macaranga tanarius var. tomentosa, Sterculia lanceolata, Daphniphyllum calycinum and Sapium sebiferum were found in the open
canopy. Along the foothill or footpaths a variety of exotic tree species such
as Acacia confusa and Casurina equisetofiliawere also
recorded. This woodland also formed a continuous patch with the backshore
vegetation composed of coastal trees and shrubs along the shore and stream
estuary. Species recorded included Hibiscus tiliaceus and Pandanus tectorius. Species of conservation importance recorded
in woodland included Aquilaria sinensis,
Pavetta hongkongensis, Cibotium barometz, Uvaria calamistrata, Diospyros
vaccinioides and Gmelina chinensis.
11.5.2.10 Fung Shui Woodland were
mainly found behind the villages of Shek Mun Kap, Sheung Ling Pei, Mok Ka, Ngau
Au-Tung Hing, Nam Che and Shek Lau Po. Aerial photos from 1945and 1956 indicate
these woodlands have been fairly woody since that date. During field surveys it was found that only
fung shui wood at Sheung Ling Pei remained fairly intact, while the others had
more or less been cut back for village house construction and farming. Many
mature incense trees were also fell or damaged possibly for the resin. Fung shui woods in the assessment area had a
canopy of 12 to 20 m in height. Tree
species varied among different fung shui woods, which are dominated by the
common native species Aporusa dioica,
Bischofia javanica, Cleistocalyx operculata and Syzygium jambos, and with a mixture of
other common native species, e.g. Celtis
sinensis and Mallotus paniculatus, Cleistocalyx operculata, Syzygium jambos, Aquilaria sinensis, and Endospermum chinense. A
variety of tree and shrub species, including Psychotria asiatica, Desmos chinensis, Sterculia lanceolata, Sarcandra
glabra, Ardisia quinquegona, Uvaria microcarpa, Maesa perlariusand Glycosmis
parviflora colonised the understorey.
Fung shui woods at Ngau Au-Tung Hing were less diverse and more
secondary, while only isolated stands of fung shui trees consisting mainly of
figs and fruit trees remained at Shek Lau Po. Species of conservation
importance recorded in fung shui woods included Aquilaria sinensis, and Pavetta
hongkongensis.
11.5.2.11 Plantation was mainly found
on engineered slopes along Shun Tung Road, North Lantau Highway,Yu Tung Court and along Tung
Chung Road north of Shek Mun Kap Road. Canopy species were dominated by Acacia confusa and Casuraina
equisetifolia. Other trees recorded
in the canopy included Bombax ceiba,
Hibiscus tiliaceus, Macaranga
tanarius, Mallotus paniculatus,and
Celtis sinensis. Some self-seeded
exotic trees species Leucaena
leucocephala were found to be scattered on the slopes. The understorey of
the plantation included Microcs
paniculata, Breynia fructicosa, Blechnum orientale, and Litsea rotundifolia. An individual of Gmelina chinensis was recorded in the
plantation at Yu Tung Court.
11.5.2.12 Shrubland-grassland was the
dominant landscape resources on hillsides of the Assessment Area. It was subject to frequent fire and was
composed of mainly of common species including Rhodomyrtus tomentosa, Baeckea frutescens, Miscanthus spp., and Dicranopteris pedata. Ravines
in shrubland-grasslandand woodland are also subject to frequent vegetation
clearance probably for mosquite
control. One individual of plant species of
conservation importance, Gmeliina
chinensis, was recorded within the footprint of proposed Service Reservoir.
Other species such as pine trees Pinus
elliottii and Pinus massoniana
and some other common exotic plantation species, e.g. Acacia confusa and Casuarina
equisetifolia were also found in this LR.
11.5.2.13 Agricultural lands (active
and abandoned) dominated the Tung Chung valley within the assessment area.
Active agricultural land included dry vegetable farms, community/organic farms
and orchards. A variety of crops including vegetables, fruit trees and flowers
were cultivated. Most orchards were densely planted with fruit trees including
longan, litchi and wongpei and appeared to be managed (e.g. clearance of
understorey vegetation), although little fruit production was seen during the
surveys. The dry abandoned agricultural land consisted of remnants of crops and
were also colonised by common weeds and herbs.
Some abandoned agricultural lands were reverted to active during the
current surveys. Other than a seedling of Aquilaria
sinensis observed in an orchard near Hau Wong Temple, no plant species of
conservation importance was recorded in this LR.
11.5.2.14 Within the Assessment Area,
regenerated freshwater marshes of abandoned
agricultural land was found in a strip of land at Fong Yuen in between Tung
Chung Stream eastern branch and Tung Chung Road. In terms of species
composition, the vegetation consisted of a mixture of plant species adopted to wet
and humid habitats (e.g. Leersia
hexandra, Melastoma candidum, Cyclosorus interruptus, Ludwigia perennis),
weeds (e.g. Mikania micrantha, Panicum
maximum), remnants of crops (e.g. Colocasia
esculenta, Eleocharis dulcis, Hedychium coronarium), and pioneer tree
species (e.g. Bridelia tomentosa,
Glochidion zeylanicum).
11.5.2.15 The middle section of Fong
Yuen has similar species composition as the wet abandoned agricultural land to
the north, except that it is less disturbed and fairly intact. Small stands of Leersia hexandra and abandoned Litchi
trees were also found in the middle section. The southern section of Fong Yuen
was an abandoned ginger lily field but recently disturbed by earthwork. Vegetation has been cleared.
11.5.2.16 Road and Urban
Infrastructure, Major Transport Corrdior, Village Type Development, Urbanised
Development, wasteland, construction sites and recreation area constituted
urbanised/disturbed. Plant species
recorded were mainly composed of landscape species and roadside plantation,
some trees were found on the wooded slope area near Tung Chung Bay is dominated
by common native species Celtis sinensis
and Cerbera manghas. Other tree
species found on the wooded slope include Mallotus paniculatus, Macaranga tanarius var.
tomentosa and Melia azedarach.
The Village Type Development are mainly concentrated at the Tung Chung West
Valley, this area is dominated by orchards of densely planted
fruit trees Litchi chinensis, Dimocarpus
longan and Artocarpus heterophyllus. Some small section of disturbed land
consists of a mixture of coastal vegetation and a wooded area with weedy
vegetation. It is dominated by weedy, exotic tree Leucaena leucocephala and native Cerbera manghas. Plant species of conservation importance was
recorded, i.e. Gmelina chinensis. Two
individuals of Gmelina chinensis was
seen, one on an engineering slope along Olympic Trail and another near roadside
near Tai Ho. Another protected species, Rhododendron
simsii were commonly seen in the planters along the waterfront near Tung
Chung Cable Car Terminal. The genus of Rhododendron
is protected under Forestry Regulations. R.
simsii is common in the wild and widely planted as landscape species as
well. It was mixed-planted with other Rhododendron
spp. in the area. Since the plant seen was cultivated it was not listed in
plant species of conservation importance in the current study. Corydalis racemosa is a very rare herb
only seen near Hau Wong Temple previously (CFS 1999). A few individuals were seen along the
roadside and in the planter of the recreation area near Hau Wong Temple. Since C.
racemosa is not protected in Hong Kong or in China, its occurrence appeared
to be very sporadic and it is weedy/ruderal in nature, it is not included in
the plant species of conservation importance.
11.5.2.17 Lower course of two major
watercourses, Tung Chung Stream and Wong Lung Hang Stream lied within the
Assessment Area. The stream channel and backshore vegetation of Tung Chung
Stream were intact from the mouth to about 300 m upstream, where the east and
west branches join together. Upstream from this joint, about 600m of the east
branch of Tung Chung Stream was channelised; only weedy vegetation colonised on
the concrete channel banks and channelbed. Further upstream to the channelized
section, the upper section of the east branch was found to be in good
condition. The west branch of Tung Chung Stream, though affected by weirs and
adjacent agricultural use, was basically intact. Plant species recorded along
the natural stream sections included Cleistocalyx
operculata, Ficus hispida, Sterculia lanceolata, Microstegium ciliatum, and
Phragmites karka. The section of Wong
Lung Hang Stream within the Assessment Area was largely channelised, with the
exception at the estuary which is lined with mangrove and mudflat. No species
of conservation importance was recorded, except that a few patches of Leersia hexandra.
11.5.2.18 Mangrove, Reedbed and
Mudflat occupied the intertidal zone of Tung Chung Bay. The largest mangrove
stand was located to the west of Tung Chung Stream estuary, while a few stands
of reedbed were also found along the fringe of the mangrove stand behind. A
variety of mangrove and mangrove associated species including Kandelia obovata, Bruguirera gymnorhiza,
Aegiercas corniculatum, Phragmitis australis, Exoecaria agallocha, and Clerodendrum inerme were recorded.
Backshore vegetation along the high tide mark included Zoysia sinica, Suaeda australis, Limonium sinensis and Sesuvium portulacastrum. A few individuals of a plant species of
conservation importance, Ligustrum punctifolium,
were recorded at the mangrove stand near Tung Chung Stream estuary. L. punctifolium is not protected
locally, but is considered very rare and found at coastal habitats. Other known locations include Sam A Chung.
Two rare seagrass species, Zostera
japonica and Halophila ovalis,
were recorded on the mudflat in front of the mangrove at San Tau SSSI. Other
known locations of these two seagrasses include Lai Chi Wo.
11.5.2.19 Both natural and artificial
coastlines occurred within the Assessment Area. Coaster Waters was mainly found
on the west side of Tung Chung Bay. It
was lined with mangroves and mudflats in the intertidal zone and colonised with
backshore woodland on the landward side.
The coastline of the TCE-PDA and to the opposite of Scenic Hill is modified
and lined with seawall. Species recorded are mostly ruderal species or weeds
including Lantana camaraand, Bidens alba.
Pioneer trees such as Celtis sinensis
and Ficus microcarpa occasionally
colonised in the crevices. During the
present survey in February 2013, vegetation along the seawall of the TCE- PDA
was cleared.
11.5.2.20 This preliminary broad tree survey
suggests that about 30% of the trees within the boundary of RODP could be
preserved. Regarding to the development layout of TCW-PDA, most of the tree
preservation are within the LR of Secondary Woodland, Plantation, Shrubslands
and Grasslands. Those LRs are excluded the comprehensive development boundary,
and well preserved as green buffer for the future residents. Almost 70% of
trees within the RODP boundary are affected under the LR Agricultural Land. A
large scale of Agricultural land at TCW-PDA will be affected by sites
designated for residential areas and landscape area with stormwater
attenuation and treatment ponds. Moreover, the Fung Shui Woodland will be zoned as “GB” or “CA” or
“OU”, a negligible extent of Fung Shui Woodland (0.20ha) will be affected by
the RODP of TCW for consideration of flood risk control and road safety, for
example the Fung Shui Woods near Shek Mun Kap, Sheung Ling Pei and Ngau
Au.
11.5.2.21 Trees and vegetation located at the
Mangrove and Reedbed areas will not be affected by the RODP of TCW, the area
will be zoned as Coastal Protection Area.
11.5.2.22 A detailed Tree Felling Application
process will be carried out at a later detail design stage, to finalise proposed
treatment to trees (to be felled, transplanted or retained) and to allocate
compensatory planting locations such as available open space, parks and
streetscape in compliance with DEVB TCW 10/2013
Tree Preservation. In additions, for private
developments with a lease containing tree preservation clause, compliance
should be made to Practice Note Issue No. 7/2007. No
registered Old and Valuable Trees (OVT) were recorded throughout the tree
survey process.
11.5.2.23 Seven (7) numbers of Potentially Registrable OVTs have been
identified at Tung Chung Valley. These Potentially Registrable OVTs would
unavoidably be affected by construction works, and should be preserved with due
efforts. Indicative
areas of potentially affected tree groups and the proposed compensatory
planting locations are illustrated in Figures 11.7a to Figures 11.7d.
11.5.3
Identification of Landscape Resources
11.5.3.1
Table
11.6 below presents the LRs identified within the
assessment area and provides a short description of key elements of each
resource. The location of each LR is presented in Figure 11.2a.
The photos of each LR are shown in Figures 11.2b to 11.2k.
Table 11.6 Description of LRs
|
ID |
Landscape
Resource (LR) |
Ref |
Description |
|
LR 1a |
Secondary
Woodland near Tai Ho Wan and
Siu Ho Wan– 32.8 ha |
(a) |
LR refers to strips of secondary woodland
found on the foothills and slopes near Tai Ho Wan and Siu Ho Wan. LR is
mostly scattered over the slopes, clustering to the south of Ngau Tau Wan and
to the west of Tai Ho Wan. |
|
(b) |
The extent of LR is currently not covered
by any OZP. |
||
|
(c) |
LR is broken up by informal paths and
areas of shrubland/ grassland and rocky outcrops. Dominant species include Pinus massoniana, Schefflera heptaphylla, Mallotus
paniculatus, Rhus succedanea, Sterculia lanceolata, Daphniphyllum calycinum and Sapium sebiferum, Acacia confusa and Casurina equisetofiliawere, Hibiscus
tiliaceus and Pandanus tectorius. Species of
conservation importance recorded in woodland included Aquilaria sinensis, Pavetta hongkongensis, Cibotium barometz, Uvaria
calamistrata, Diospyros vaccinioides and Gmelina chinensis. They are in general mature and 8-12m in
height. |
||
|
(d) |
Generally the LR has a low capacity to
accept change as a result of its naturalness and maturity. In this context the distribution and extent
is relatively patchy. A number of rare and protected species are found, therefore
the rarity is considered as ‘High’. The landscape quality and value is
considered to be ‘High’. The overall
Sensitivity is High. |
||
|
LR 1b |
Secondary Woodland near Kei Tau Kok– 13.7ha |
(a) |
LR refers to strips of secondary woodland
found on the foothills and slopes near Kei Tau Kok. LR is mostly scattered
over the slopes, clustering along ravines. |
|
(b) |
The extent of LR is mostly not covered by
any OZP. |
||
|
(c) |
LR is broken up by informal paths and
areas of shrubland/ grassland and rocky outcrops. Dominant species include Pinus massoniana, Schefflera heptaphylla,
Mallotus paniculatus, Rhus succedanea, Sterculia lanceolata, Daphniphyllum
calycinum and Sapium sebiferum, Acacia
confusa and Casurina
equisetofiliawere, Hibiscus tiliaceus and Pandanus tectorius. Species of conservation importance recorded in woodland included Aquilaria sinensis, Pavetta
hongkongensis, Cibotium barometz, Uvaria calamistrata, Diospyros vaccinioides
and Gmelina chinensis. They are in general
mature and 8-12m in height. |
||
|
(d) |
Generally the LR has a low capacity to
accept change as a result of its naturalness and maturity. In this context the distribution and extent
is relatively patchy. No rare and protected species are found, therefore the
rarity is considered as ‘Medium’. The landscape quality and value is
considered to be ‘High’. The overall
Sensitivity is High. |
||
|
LR1c |
Secondary Woodland along Yu Tung Road– 13.9ha |
(a) |
LR refers to strips of secondary woodland
found on the foothills and slopes to the west of Yu Tong Road and near Tung
Eastern Interchange. |
|
(b) |
The extent of LR mostly lies within area
zoned as “GB” in OZP S/I-TC/18 Tung Chung Town Centre Area. |
||
|
(c) |
LR is more densely distributed at higher
elevations and appear to be less patchy than the woodland in Tung Chung West
area. LR is broken up by informal paths and areas of shrubland/ grassland and
rocky outcrops. Dominant species include Pinus massoniana, Schefflera heptaphylla, Mallotus paniculatus,
Rhus succedanea, Sterculia lanceolata, Daphniphyllum calycinum and Sapium sebiferum, Acacia confusa and Casurina equisetofiliawere, Hibiscus
tiliaceus and Pandanus tectorius. Species of
conservation importance recorded in woodland included Aquilaria sinensis, Pavetta hongkongensis, Cibotium barometz, Uvaria
calamistrata, Diospyros vaccinioides and Gmelina chinensis. They are in general highly mature and 8-12m in height. |
||
|
(d) |
Generally the LR has a low capacity to
accept change as a result of its naturalness and maturity. In this context the distribution and extent
is less patchy. No rare and protected species are found, therefore the rarity
is considered as ‘Medium’. The landscape quality and value is considered to
be ‘High’. The overall Sensitivity is High. |
||
|
LR1d |
Secondary Woodland near New Tung Chung
Hang– 10.3ha |
(a) |
LR refers to strips of secondary woodland
found on the foothills and slopes on either sides of Wong Lung Hang Road near
New Tung Chung Hang. |
|
(b) |
The extent of LR is mostly not covered by
any OZP. |
||
|
(c) |
LR is broken up by area of shrubland/
grassland and two natural streams. LR adjoins Ma Wan New Village, Tei Po New
Village and Chek Lap Kok New Village.
Dominant species include Pinus
massoniana, Schefflera heptaphylla, Mallotus paniculatus, Rhus succedanea,
Sterculia lanceolata, Daphniphyllum calycinum and Sapium sebiferum, Acacia confusa and Casurina equisetofiliawere, Hibiscus
tiliaceus and Pandanus tectorius. Species of
conservation importance recorded in woodland included Aquilaria sinensis, Pavetta hongkongensis, Cibotium barometz, Uvaria
calamistrata, Diospyros vaccinioides and Gmelina chinensis. They are in general highly mature and 8-12m in height. |
||
|
(d) |
Generally the LR has a low capacity to
accept change as a result of its naturalness and maturity. In this context the distribution and extent
is less patchy. A number of rare and protected species are found, therefore the rarity is
considered as ‘High’. The landscape quality and value is considered to be
‘High’. The overall Sensitivity is High. |
||
|
LR1e |
Secondary Woodland near Lung Tseng Tau– 20.6ha |
(a) |
LR refers to strips of secondary woodland
found on the foothills and slopes to the east and the south of Lung Tseng
Tau. |
|
(b) |
The extent of LR is not covered by any
OZP. |
||
|
(c) |
LR is more densely distributed to the
south of the village developments in Lung Tseng Tau, Wong Ka Wai, Ha Ling
Pei, Sheung Ling Pei and Fui Yiu Ha. LR becomes more patchy towards the south
along Tung Chung Road and are broken up by informal paths and areas of
shrubland/ grassland and agricultural land.
Dominant species include Pinus
massoniana, Schefflera heptaphylla, Mallotus paniculatus, Rhus succedanea,
Sterculia lanceolata, Daphniphyllum calycinum and Sapium sebiferum, Acacia confusa and Casurina equisetofiliawere, Hibiscus
tiliaceus and Pandanus tectorius. Species of
conservation importance recorded in woodland included Aquilaria sinensis, Pavetta hongkongensis, Cibotium barometz, Uvaria
calamistrata, Diospyros vaccinioides and Gmelina chinensis. They are in general highly mature and 10-14m in height. |
||
|
(d) |
Generally the LR has a low capacity to
accept change as a result of its naturalness and maturity. In this context the distribution and extent
is less patchy. A number of rare and protected species are found, therefore
the rarity is considered as ‘High’. The landscape quality and value is
considered to be ‘High’. The overall
Sensitivity is High. |
||
|
LR1f |
Secondary Woodland near Shek Mun Kap– 8.9ha |
(a) |
LR refers to strips of secondary woodland
found on the foothills and slopes near intersection of Shek Mun Kap Road and
Tung Chung Road. |
|
(b) |
The extent of LR is not covered by any
OZP. |
||
|
(c) |
LR adjoins the village development and
Fung Shui woods at Shek Mun Kap and is broken by areas of agricultural land,
shrubland/ grassland and natural streams. Dominant species include Pinus massoniana, Schefflera heptaphylla,
Mallotus paniculatus, Rhus succedanea, Sterculia lanceolata, Daphniphyllum
calycinum and Sapium sebiferum, Acacia
confusa and Casurina
equisetofiliawere, Hibiscus tiliaceus and Pandanus tectorius. Species of conservation importance recorded in woodland included Aquilaria sinensis, Pavetta
hongkongensis, Cibotium barometz, Uvaria calamistrata, Diospyros vaccinioides
and Gmelina chinensis. They are in general
mature and 5-8m in height. |
||
|
(d) |
Generally the LR has a low capacity to
accept change as a result of its naturalness and maturity. In this context the distribution and extent
is relatively patchy. A number of rare and protected species are found,
therefore the rarity is considered as ‘Medium’. The landscape quality and
value is considered to be ‘High’. The
overall Sensitivity is High. |
||
|
LR1g |
Secondary Woodland near San Keng– 31.3ha |
(a) |
LR refers to patches of secondary woodland
found on the foothills and slopes near San Keng. |
|
(b) |
The extent of LR is not covered by any
OZP. |
||
|
(c) |
LR surrounds the village development at
Shek Pik Au and is broken up by areas of shrubland/ grassland, natural
streams and agricultural land.
Dominant species include Pinus
massoniana, Schefflera heptaphylla, Mallotus paniculatus, Rhus succedanea,
Sterculia lanceolata, Daphniphyllum calycinum and Sapium sebiferum, Acacia confusa and Casurina equisetofiliawere, Hibiscus
tiliaceus and Pandanus tectorius. Species of
conservation importance recorded in woodland included Aquilaria sinensis, Pavetta hongkongensis, Cibotium barometz, Uvaria
calamistrata, Diospyros vaccinioides and Gmelina chinensis. They are in general mature and 8-12m in
height. |
||
|
(d) |
Generally the LR has a low capacity to
accept change as a result of its naturalness and maturity. In this context the distribution and extent
is less patchy. A number of rare and protected species are found, therefore
the rarity is considered as ‘High’. The landscape quality and value is
considered to be ‘High’. The overall
Sensitivity is High. |
||
|
LR1h |
Secondary Woodland near Mok Ka– 10ha |
(a) |
LR refers to patches of secondary woodland
found on the foothills and slopes in the area of Mok Ka and Nim Yuen. |
|
(b) |
The extent of LR is not covered by any
OZP. |
||
|
(c) |
LR is broken up by areas of shrubland/
grassland, informal paths and agricultural land and Fung Shui woods, and
adjoins the village development at Mok Ka. Dominant species include Pinus massoniana, Schefflera heptaphylla,
Mallotus paniculatus, Rhus succedanea, Sterculia lanceolata, Daphniphyllum
calycinum and Sapium sebiferum, Acacia
confusa and Casurina
equisetofiliawere, Hibiscus tiliaceus and Pandanus tectorius. Species of conservation importance recorded in woodland included Aquilaria sinensis, Pavetta hongkongensis,
Cibotium barometz, Uvaria calamistrata, Diospyros vaccinioides and Gmelina chinensis. They are in general
highly mature and 10-12m in height. |
||
|
(d) |
Generally the LR has a low capacity to
accept change as a result of its naturalness and maturity. In this context the distribution and extent
is relatively patchy. A number of rare and protected species are found,
therefore the rarity is considered as ‘Medium’. The landscape quality and
value is considered to be ‘High’. The
overall Sensitivity is High. |
||
|
LR1i |
Secondary Woodland near Ngau Au– 38.4ha |
(a) |
LR refers to strips of secondary woodland
found on the foothills and slope near Tung Hing and Ngau Au and the
southwestern shore of Tung Chung Bay. |
|
(b) |
The extent of LR is not covered by any OZP. |
||
|
(c) |
LR covers most of the hillside to the west
of Ngau Au and Tung Hung. Towards the north near Tung Chung Bay, the LR lies
mostly at lower elevations adjoining areas of
mangroves and reedbeds near the shore, while the upper parts of the
mountain is dominated by grassland/ shrubland. Dominant species include Pinus massoniana, Schefflera heptaphylla,
Mallotus paniculatus, Rhus succedanea, Sterculia lanceolata, Daphniphyllum
calycinum and Sapium sebiferum, Acacia
confusa and Casurina
equisetofiliawere, Hibiscus tiliaceus and Pandanus tectorius. Species of conservation importance recorded in woodland included Aquilaria sinensis, Pavetta
hongkongensis, Cibotium barometz, Uvaria calamistrata, Diospyros vaccinioides
and Gmelina chinensis. They are in general
mature and 8-12m in height. |
||
|
(d) |
Generally the LR has a low capacity to
accept change as a result of its naturalness and maturity. In this context the distribution and extent
is less patchy. A number of rare and protected species are found, therefore
the rarity is considered as ‘High’. The landscape quality and value is
considered to be ‘High’. The overall
Sensitivity is High |
||
|
LR1j |
Secondary Woodland near Ma Wan Hill– 11.1ha |
(a) |
LR refers to strips of secondary woodland
found on the foothills and slope near Ma Wan Hill. |
|
(b) |
LR lies within area zonea as “O” and
“R(A)” in the OZP S/I-TCTC/20. |
||
|
(c) |
LR covers more than one-third of the
footprint of Ma Wan Hill and adjoins plantation at lower elevations and
shrubland/ grassland at higher elevations. Dominant species include Pinus massoniana, Schefflera heptaphylla,
Mallotus paniculatus, Rhus succedanea, Sterculia lanceolata, Daphniphyllum
calycinum and Sapium sebiferum, Acacia
confusa and Casurina
equisetofiliawere, Hibiscus tiliaceus and Pandanus tectorius. Species of conservation importance recorded in woodland included Aquilaria sinensis, Pavetta hongkongensis,
Cibotium barometz, Uvaria calamistrata, Diospyros vaccinioides and Gmelina chinensis. They are in general
mature and 5-8m in height. |
||
|
(d) |
Generally the LR has a low capacity to
accept change as a result of its naturalness and maturity. In this context the distribution and extent
is less patchy. A number of rare and protected species are found, therefore
the rarity is considered as ‘High’. The landscape quality and value is
considered to be ‘High’. The overall
Sensitivity is High |
||
|
LR2a |
Shrubland and Grassland near Tai Ho Wan
and Siu Ho Wan – 102.2ha |
(a) |
LR refers to shrubland/ grassland on the hills near Tai Ho Wan and Siu Ho Wan. It covers most of the hillsides in that
area and is broken up by informal paths and patches of secondary woodlands.
Vegetation coverage is relatively uneven. It is associated with areas of
natural terrain which has undergone intermittent burning. |
|
(b) |
LR has a ‘Low’ capacity to accept change as it is
associated with natural terrain. No
rare and protected species are found, the rarity is considered to be ‘Low’.
The landscape quality and value is considered to be ‘Medium’. The overall Sensitivity is Medium. |
||
|
(c) |
Common species include Rhodomyrtus
tomentosa, Baeckea
frutescens, Miscanthus spp, and
Dicranopteris pedata combined with
grassland. |
||
|
LR2b |
Shrubland and Grassland near N. Lantau
Highway – 51ha |
(a) |
LR refers to shrubland/ grassland on the hills to the southeast of N. Tung Chung Highway. It covers the majority of the hillsides in
that area and is broken up by informal paths and patches of secondary
woodlands. Vegetation coverage is relatively dense and even. It is associated
with areas of natural terrain which has undergone intermittent burning. |
|
(b) |
LR has a ‘Low’ capacity to accept change as it is
associated with natural terrain. . No
rare and protected species are found, the rarity is considered to be ‘Low’.
The landscape quality and value is considered to be ‘High’. The overall Sensitivity is High. |
||
|
(c) |
Common species include Rhodomyrtus
tomentosa, Baeckea
frutescens, Miscanthus spp, and
Dicranopteris pedata combined with
grassland. |
||
|
LR2c |
Shrubland and Grassland near Yu Yung Road
–
28.4ha |
(a) |
LR refers to shrubland/ grassland on the hills to the southwest of Yu Tung Road. It is broken up
by informal paths and patches of secondary woodlands and adjoins plantation
at lower elevations. Vegetation coverage is relatively uneven. It is
associated with areas of natural terrain which has undergone intermittent
burning. |
|
(b) |
LR has a ‘Low’ capacity to accept change as it is
associated with natural terrain. No rare and protected species are found, the
rarity is considered to be ‘Low’. The landscape quality and value is
considered to be ‘Medium’. The overall
Sensitivity is Medium. |
||
|
(c) |
Common species include Rhodomyrtus
tomentosa, Baeckea
frutescens, Miscanthus spp, and
Dicranopteris pedata combined with
grassland. |
||
|
LR2d |
Shrubland and Grassland near Tung Chung
Road Area– 66.3ha |
(a) |
LR refers to shrubland/ grassland on the hills on either sides of Tung Chung Road. It covers the
majority of the hillsides in that area and is broken up by informal paths and
patches of secondary woodlands. Vegetation coverage is relatively uneven. It
is associated with areas of natural terrain which has undergone intermittent
burning. |
|
(b) |
LR has a ‘Low’ capacity to accept change as it
is associated with natural terrain. Some rare and protected species are
found, the rarity is considered to be ‘Medium’. The landscape quality and value is considered to be ‘Medium’. The overall Sensitivity is Medium. |
||
|
(c) |
Common species include Rhodomyrtus
tomentosa, Baeckea
frutescens, Miscanthus spp, and
Dicranopteris pedata combined with
grassland. A species of conservation importance, Gmeliina chinensis, was recorded. |
||
|
LR2e |
Shrubland and Grassland near San Keng Area – 19.7ha |
(a) |
LR refers to shrubland/ grassland on the hills near San Keng. It covers about half of
the hillsides in that area and is broken up by patches of secondary woodlands
and plantations. Vegetation coverage is relatively even and dense. It is
associated with areas of natural terrain which has undergone intermittent
burning. |
|
(b) |
LR has a ‘Low’ capacity to accept change as it is
associated with natural terrain. The
rarity is considered to be ‘Low’. The landscape quality and value is
considered to be ‘High’. The overall
Sensitivity is High. |
||
|
(c) |
Common species include Rhodomyrtus
tomentosa, Baeckea
frutescens, Miscanthus spp, and
Dicranopteris pedata combined with
grassland. |
||
|
LR2f |
Shrubland and Grassland near Mok Ka Area- 45.8ha |
(a) |
LR refers to shrubland/ grassland on the hills near Mok Ka. It covers the majority of
the hillsides in that area. It is broken up by natural streams and adjoins
agricultural lands at lower elevations. Vegetation coverage is relatively
even and dense. It is associated with areas of natural terrain which has
undergone intermittent burning. |
|
(b) |
LR has a ‘Low’ capacity to accept change as it is
associated with natural terrain. Some
rare and protected species are found, the rarity is considered to be
‘Medium’. The landscape quality and value is considered to be ‘High’. The overall Sensitivity is High. |
||
|
(c) |
Common species include Rhodomyrtus tomentosa, Baeckea
frutescens, Miscanthus spp, and
Dicranopteris pedata combined with
grassland. |
||
|
LR2g |
Shrubland and Grassland near Tung Hing Area -11.4ha |
(a) |
LR refers to shrubland/ grassland on the hills near Tung Hing. It covers mostly the
upper portions of hillsides in that area and is broken up by informal paths
and patches of secondary woodland. Vegetation coverage is relatively even and
dense. It is associated with areas of natural terrain which has undergone
intermittent burning. |
|
(b) |
LR has a ‘Low’ capacity to accept change as it
is associated with natural terrain. No rare and protected species are found,
the rarity is considered to be ‘Low’. The landscape quality and value is
considered to be ‘High’. The overall
Sensitivity is High. |
||
|
(c) |
Common species include Rhodomyrtus
tomentosa, Baeckea
frutescens, Miscanthus spp, and
Dicranopteris pedata combined with
grassland. |
||
|
LR2h |
Shrubland and Grassland near Ma Wan Hill Area – 11.5ha |
(a) |
LR refers to shrubland/ grassland on Ma Wan Hill. It covers the majority of
the Hill and adjoins patches of secondary woodland and plantations at lower
elevations. Vegetation coverage is relatively uneven and is broken up by
informal paths. |
|
(b) |
LR shows signs of human disturbance and has a
‘Medium’ capacity to accept change. No rare and protected species are found,
the rarity is considered to be ‘Low’. The landscape quality and value is
considered to be ‘Medium’. The overall
Sensitivity is Medium. |
||
|
(c) |
Common species include Rhodomyrtus
tomentosa, Baeckea
frutescens, Miscanthus spp, and
Dicranopteris pedata combined with
grassland. |
||
|
LR2i |
Shrubland and Grassland near Scenic Hill Area -1.5ha |
(a) |
LR refers to a small area of shrubland/ grassland
on the southern part of Scenic Hill on Chek Lap Kok Island. It is broken up by a path
leading to a viewing point on the hilltop and adjoins urbanised land
associated with the Cable Car and plantation at lower elevations. Vegetation
coverage is relatively uneven and broken up by rocky outcrops. |
|
(b) |
LR shows signs of human disturbance and has a
‘Medium’ capacity to accept change. No rare and protected species are found,
the rarity is considered to be ‘Low’. The landscape quality and value is
considered to be ‘Medium’. The overall
Sensitivity is Medium.. |
||
|
(c) |
Common species include Rhodomyrtus
tomentosa, Baeckea
frutescens, Miscanthus spp, and
Dicranopteris pedata combined with
grassland. |
||
|
LR3 |
Transitional
Waters Area-28.8ha |
(a) |
LR refers to the waters near the mouths of the
channels reaching Tung Chung Bay and the waters to the south of North Lantau
Highway in Tai Ho Wan, where a mixture of freshwater and marine waters exist. |
|
(b) |
In general this natural LR has a ‘low’ capacity
to accept change. This LR is localized
to the natural coastal and estuary which is providing quality landscape
amenity and supporting adjacent coastal habitat eg. mangroves along this
area. Therefore the rarity is considered to be ‘High’. Natural coastline interfaces enhance the
landscape quality and value which is considered to be ‘High’. The overall sensitivity is High. |
||
|
LR4 |
Coastal Waters Area-505.8ha |
(a) |
LR refers to the seawater (excluding
transitional waters) within Tung Chung Bay, the channel formed between North
Lantau coastline and Chek Lap Kok Island (HKIA) and the open water north of
Tung Chung. North Lantau coastline, constructed in artificial stone
revetment, forms southern boundary.
The identification of this LR recognises the tidal range of this
resource and fundamental link to LR3 and LR6a and LR6b. |
|
(b) |
In general this natural LR has a ‘Medium’
capacity to accept change. This LR
overs a large proportion of the Assessment Area, therefore the rarity is
considered to be ‘Medium’. Natural
coastline interfaces enhance the landscape quality and value which is
considered to be ‘High’. The overall
sensitivity is Medium. |
||
|
LR5a |
Natural Streams and Rivers Area –Length –
10.35km (approx.) |
(a) |
LR refers to natural watercourses within
the assessment area including Tung Chung Stream, Wong Lung Hang Stream and
Tai Ho Stream. Smaller tributary streams originate from the Country Park
feeding the larger streams which then enter Tung Chung Bay. |
|
(b) |
Watercourses in this area are renowned for
their waterfalls, exceptional habitat quality and natural form. Plant
species recorded along the natural stream sections included Cleistocalyx nervosum, Ficus hispida, |
||
|
(c) |
Given the naturalness and relative
vulnerability of the LR it is considered to have a ‘Low’ capacity to accept
change. Three Ecologically important
Streams (EIS) including Wong Lung Hang Stream and two branches of Tung Chung
Streams are located within the Assessment Area, therefore the rarity is
considered to be High. The landscape
quality and value is considered to be high.
The overall sensitivity is also High. |
||
|
LR5b |
Channelized Watercourse Area –Length –
1.54km (approx.) |
(a) |
LR refers to a section of the Tung Chung
Stream and the Wong Lung Stream where it enters a culvert and open channel
system prior to discharging into Tung Chung Bay. |
|
(b) |
Sections of natural streams have been
altered as a result of channelization.
Whilst these sections are limited they interfere with predominantly
pristine watercourse systems. |
||
|
(c) |
Given the artificial nature of the LR it
is considered to have a ‘High’ capacity to accept change. They are fairly common in the area so the
rarity is considered to be ‘Medium’.
The landscape quality and value is considered to be ‘Medium’. The overall sensitivity is also Medium. |
||
|
LR6a |
Mudflats– 14.2ha |
(a) |
LR refers to extensive areas of mudflats
at Tung Chung Bay area and small patches in Tai Ho Wan. |
|
(b) |
The identification of this LR recognises
the tidal range of this resource and fundamental link to LR3 Transitional
Waters, in that the extent of the LR has a transitional interface. Two rare seagrass
species, Zostera japonica and Halophila ovalis, were recorded on the
mudflat in front of the mangrove at San Tau SSSI. |
||
|
(c) |
Due to pressures of development causing
fragmentation of the natural coastline and naturalness of the LR, it is
considered to have a ‘Low’ capacity to accept change. Some rare seagrass
species are found. The rarity is considered to be ‘Medium’. The LR is an
important contributor to landscape character of the coastal area, therefore
the landscape quality and value is considered to be ‘High’. The overall sensitivity is also High. |
||
|
LR6b |
Rocky Shore-0.5 ha |
(a) |
LR refers to small stretches of rocky
shore located on the southwestern shoreline of Scenic Hill and at Tai Ho Wan. |
|
(b) |
The identification of this LR recognises
the tidal range of this resource and fundamental link to LR3 Transitional
Waters and LR4 Coastal Waters, in that the extent of the LR has a transitional
interface. |
||
|
(c) |
Due to pressures of development causing
fragmentation of the natural coastline and naturalness of the LR, it is
considered to have a ‘Low’ capacity to accept change. LR is limited in its
extent, therefore the rarity is considered to be ‘High’. The LR is an
important contributor to landscape character of the coastal area, therefore
the landscape quality and value is considered to be ‘High’. The overall sensitivity is also High. |
||
|
LR7a |
Roads and
Urban Infrastructure Area –48ha |
(a) |
LR refers to tree avenues, verges and
amenity landscape areas associated with access roads and main pedestrian
routes throughout the assessment area.
Combination of mature avenue trees, grassed areas and ornamental shrubs
provide structure to the landscape and improve the landscape and visual
integration of the road system. A few plant species of conservation
importance were recorded. These
included Corydalis racemosa and Gmelina chinensis. and Rhododendron spp. |
|
(b) |
Given the man-made nature of the LR, it
generally has a ‘High’ capacity to accept change. However mature landscape
planting limits this capacity at points. This is a common LR; the rarity is
‘Low’. Landscape quality and value is
considered to be low given the dominance of engineered structures and hard
landscape treatments. The overall
sensitivity is considered to be ‘Low’. |
||
|
LR7b |
Major
Transport Corridor Area – 72.1ha |
(a) |
LR refers to the major infrastructure
corridors forming the NLH, HKIA, AEL & Tung Chung Line. Generally this routes are predominantly
formed of engineered structures/barriers, modified slopes & embankments,
road or rail lines and hard surfacing/ ballast, with roadside amenity
planting of trees and ornamental shrubs. A few plant species
of conservation importance were recorded.
These included Corydalis
racemosa and Gmelina chinensis. and a Rhododendron spp. |
|
(b) |
As a result of the man-made nature of the
LR, it has a ‘High’ capacity to accept change. This is a common LR in the vicinity
therefore the rarity is ‘Low’. Due to extensive hard surfacing, lack of
vegetation cover, the landscape quality and value it considered to be
‘Low’. The overall sensitivity of the
resource is considered to be ‘Low’. |
||
|
LR8 |
Village Type Development Area – 28.5ha |
(a) |
LR refers to scattered settlements,
villages, small holdings and mixed vegetation along the Tung Chung Valley,
around Tung Chung Bay and to the east in Tai Ho. These settlements comprise 1-3 storey
dwellings, sheds, path networks and minor access roads with car parking. Several village houses, municipal buildings
/ facilities are scattered throughout Tung Chung bay within the low lying
areas behind the beach forming the settlement of Sha Tsui Tau. These include Hau Wong Temple, Tung Chung
Playground and a small outdoor recreation camp. These buildings area linked by raised
concrete paths. |
|
(b) |
Vegetation cover within the more developed
area behind the main beach is mixed in quality. Numerous mature specimen trees have been
planted associated with the municipal facilities together with ornamental
hedges and shrubs. This LR is dominated by orchards of densely
planted fruit trees Litchi chinensis,
Dimocarpus longan and Artocarpus heterophyllus. Some small section of
disturbed land consists of a mixture of coastal vegetation and a wooded area
with weedy
vegetation. It is dominated by weedy, exotic tree Leucaena leucocephala and native Cerbera manghas. Some rare and protected species are found, i.e. Gmelina chinensis. |
||
|
(c) |
Given the built nature of the LR it has a
‘medium’ capacity to accept change. Some rare and protected species are
found. This LR is common within the vicinity therefore the rarity is
considered to be ‘Medium’. Landscape
quality and value is considered to be low given the vernacular and
conventional nature of the resource.
The overall sensitivity is considered to be Medium. |
||
|
LR9 |
Urbanized Development Area – 193.7ha |
(a) |
LR refers to the urbanised areas of Tung
Chung including the main residential developments linking to Man Tung Road,
Tung Chung Crescent, GIC landuses and Yat Tung Estate, commercial,
educational and recreational development forming Tung Chung. These areas include a mixture of municipal
road side tree and shrub planting, planting associated with private
residential courtyard areas, ornamental planting within high amenity public
parks and recreational spaces. |
|
(b) |
LR also includes existing vacant
development plots, reclaimed land and disturbed/ wasteland located to the
north of Waterfront Rd/ Ying Hei Road together with numerous smaller areas
throughout Tung Chung Valley. These
areas have been stripped of vegetation and comprise hard standing (compacted
stone / asphalt / concrete), older plots have been invaded with weed species. Some
rare and protected species are found, i.e. Gmelina chinensis. |
||
|
(c) |
Given the built nature of the LR it has a
‘High’ capacity to accept change. The
rarity is considered to be ‘Medium’.
Some rare and protected species are found. Landscape quality and value
is considered to be low given the formalised nature of the majority of the
resource. The overall sensitivity is
considered to be Low. |
||
|
LR10a |
Regenerated Grassland
of Abandoned Agricultural Land Area – 11.5ha |
(a) |
LR refers to grassland regenerated from abandoned
agricultural
lands scattered over Tung Chung Valley. This LR consisted of remnants of crops and were also colonised by
common weeds and herbs. Some abandoned
agricultural lands were reverted to active during the current surveys. Tung
Chung Stream, an Ecologically Important Stream, passes through parts of this
LR. |
|
(b) |
As agricultural land generally does not
include built form although has undergone change as a result of human
activities, it is considered to have a low capacity to accept change. No rare
and protected species are found. This LR is fairly common within Tung Chung
Valley although the overall extent is not substantial; in this case the
rarity is ‘Medium’. The landscape
quality and value is considered to be Low.
The overall sensitivity is Medium. |
||
|
LR10b |
Regenerated Freshwater
Marshes of Abandoned Agricultural Land Area – 3.7ha |
(a) |
LR refers to freshwater marshes regenerated from
abandoned agricultural lands in the Northern Section of Fong Yuen area. The vegetation consisted of a mixture of plant
species adopted to wet places (e.g. Leerzia
hexandra, Melastoma candidum, Cyclosorus interruptus, Ludwigia perennis),
weeds (e.g. Mikania micrantha, Panicum
maximum), remnants of crops (e.g. Colocasia
esculenta, Elaeocharis dulcis, Hedychium coronarium), and pioneer tree
species (e.g. Bridelia tomemtosa, Glochidion
zeylanicum). This
LRs were overgrown by dense vegetation, and usage by water birds was thus
very low. Wong Lung Hang Stream, an Ecologically
Important Stream, lies immediately to the west of this LR. |
|
(b) |
As agricultural land generally does not
include built form, it is considered to have a low capacity to accept
change. This LR is fairly limited
within Tung Chung Valley; The rarity is ‘High’ as some rare and protected
species such as Aquilaria sinensis
are found. The landscape quality and
value is considered to be Medium. The
overall sensitivity is High. |
||
|
LR10c |
Active Agricultural
Land Area – 38.8ha |
(a) |
LR refers to orchards located scattered over Tung Chung Valley. Orchards are
densely planted with fruit trees including longan, litchi and wongpei. A seedling of plant
species of conservation importance, Aquilaria
sinensis, was recorded in an orchard near Hau Wong Temple. Tung Chung Stream, an Ecologically Important
Stream, passes through parts of this LR. LR also refers to agricultural lands
(active and dry) located near Mok Ka in Tung Chung Valley. LR include dry vegetable farms and community/organic farms. This habitat type supported low
diversity and abundance of fauna. A few fauna species of conservation
importance were recorded in these habitats and these species are mostly
habitat generalists (e.g., Greater Coucal, Black Kite) or recorded in low
frequency. The loss of
Orchard habitat as a result of the development will be compensated by new
woodlands, which are of higher ecological functions, near the service
reservoir area. The planting list will contain more fruit tree species which
could provide habitats for wildlife including those reported in Orchard
habitats. |
|
(b) |
As agricultural land generally does not
include built form although has undergone change as a result of human
activities, it is considered to have a medium capacity to accept change. The rarity is ‘Medium’ as some rare and
protected species such as Aquilaria
sinensis are found. The landscape
quality and value is considered to be Medium.
The overall sensitivity is High. |
||
|
LR11 |
Plantation Area – 28.8ha |
(a) |
LR refers
to tree plantation found on engineered slopes along Shun Tung Road, South
Lantau Highway and Yu Tung Court. |
|
(b) |
Typical
species include Acacia confusa, Casuraina equisetifolia, Macaranga tanarius, Mallotus paniculatus,
and Celtis sinensi. The
understorey of the plantation included Microcs
paniculata, Breynia fructicosa,
Blechnum orientale, and Litsea rotundifolia. An individual of Gmelina chinensis was recorded in the
plantation at Yu Tung Court. The majority of them are fairly mature
and fairly densely planted. In terms of physical conditions, those along
North Lantau Highway near the Tung Chung North Park are in good formal and
health condition while the others are generally fair in form and health. |
||
|
(c) |
Whilst
this planting is man-made/ managed in nature its maturity and contribution to
landscape amenity is valuable, in particular when providing green coverage to
engineered slopes and road sides. |
||
|
(d) |
The LR is
considered to have a medium capacity to accept change given its managed
nature. Plantation is a fairly common
LR although the extent within the study area is limited; in this case the
rarity is considered to be ‘Medium’. No rare and protected
species are found. The landscape value and quality is
considered to be medium. The overall
sensitivity is also ‘Medium’. |
||
|
LR12 |
Fung Shui
Woodland Area – 6.03ha |
(a) |
This LR
is found in Sheung Ling Pei, Shek Mun Kap and Pak Mo. Fung shui woods are
woodland composed of a mixture of native (mostly low-elevation broad-leaved
trees) and exotic (mostly fruit trees) plant species preserved during village
development and are characterised by old age and high flora diversity. |
|
(b) |
Dominant canopy species varied among
different fung shui woods, including Cleistocalyx operculata, Syzygium jambos,
Bischofia javanica, Aporusa dioica, Aquilaria sinensis, and Endospermum chinense. A variety of tree and shrub species,
including Psychotria asiatica, Desmos
chinensis, Sterculia lanceolata, Sarcandra glabra, Ardisia quinquegona,
Uvaria microcarpa, Maesa perlariusand Glycosmis parviflora colonised the
understorey. Fung shui woods at Ngau
Au-Tung Hing were less diverse and more secondary, while only isolated stands
of fung shui trees consisting mainly of figs and fruit trees remained at Shek
Lau Po. Species of conservation importance
recorded in fung shui woods included Aquilaria
sinensis, and Pavetta hongkongensis. Fung shui woods in the assessment
area had a canopy of 12 to 20 m in height. |
||
|
(c) |
Given the
maturity, cultural significance and rareness of this LR, its capacity to
accept change is low. A number of
rare and protected species are found, the rarity is considered to be high.
The landscape quality and value is high. The overall Sensitivity is ‘High’. |
||
|
LR13 |
Mangrove Area– 5.6ha |
(a) |
The LR
refers to areas of mangrove located within the intertidal zone of Tung Chung
Bay (including San Tau) and Tai Ho Wan. The largest mangrove stand is located
to the west of Tung Chung Stream estuary. |
|
(b) |
The mangrove habitat at San Tau is considered to be of particular
ecological importance because of its size and seagrass beds. A
variety of mangrove and mangrove associated species including Kandelia obovata, Bruguirera gymnorhiza,
Aegiercas corniculatum, Phragmitis australis, Exoecaria agallocha, and Clerodendrum inerme were recorded.
Backshore vegetation along the high tide mark included Zoysia sinica, Suaeda australis, Limonium sinensis and Sesuvium portulacastrum. A few individuals of a plant species of
conservation importance, Ligustrum
punctifolium,. |
||
|
(c) |
As a
result of the rarity of the LR the capacity to accept change is low. The extent of the LR is limited and plant species of
conservation importance such as Ligustrum
punctifolium are found, as a result
the rarity is considered to be ‘High’.
The LR contributes significantly to the coastline/bay landscape
character, as a result the landscape quality and value is considered to be
high. The overall sensitivity is
‘High’ |
||
|
LR14 |
Reedbed Area – 1.1ha |
(a) |
The LR
refers to small patches of reedbed located along the fringe of the mangrove
stand within the intertidal zone of Tung Chung Bay. |
|
(b) |
The
LR is semi-natural, established from abandoned agricultural land along
coastal area through succession. Flora diversity, diversity of bird,
dragonfly and butterfly are low. Fauna species of conservation importance
included Little Egret, Chinese Pond Heron. |
||
|
(c) |
As a
result of the rarity of the LR the capacity to accept change is low. No rare and protected species are found, The extent of the LR is very limited, as a result
the rarity is considered to be ‘High’.
The LR is easy to recreate by planting, as a result the landscape
quality and value is considered to be Medium. The overall sensitivity is High. |
||
|
LR15 |
Artificial Sea
Wall Area – 8.2ha |
(a) |
LR refers to artificial coastline formed
along reclaimed areas along the Tung Chung waterfront and around Scenic
Hill. These comprise stone revetment
construction or vertical concrete walls. Pedestrian or vehicular parapet is provided
along footpath / road interfaces. |
|
(b) |
As a result of the artificial nature of
the resource, it is considered to have a high capacity to accept change. The
LR is very common therefore the rarity is ‘Low’. The landscape quality and value is low. The overall sensitivity is Low. |
11.5.4
Identification of Landscape Character Areas
11.5.4.1
Table 11.7 below presents the Landscape
Character Areas (LCAs) identified within the 500m assessment area and provides
a short description of key elements of each character area. The location of
each LCA is presented in Figure 11.3a. Photos of each LCA are shown in
Figure
11.3b
to 11.3g
Table 11.7 Description of LCAs
|
ID |
Landscape
Character Area (LCA) |
Ref |
Description |
|
LCA 1 |
Inshore Water
Landscape Area – 476.7ha |
(a) |
LCA refers to waterscape north of Tung
Chung. The coastal interface is
predominantly constructed in artificial stone revetment. The seascape is open to the north towards
with views of Tai Mo To, Siu Mo To, Tsz Kan Chau and towards Tuen Mun. |
|
(b) |
The LCA
has historically been encroached upon through phases of reclamation to form
the NLH, AEL, Tung Chung waterfront and HKIA; it is therefore considered that
the LR has a medium capacity to accept change. The LCA is very common; its
rarity is therefore ‘Medium’. Seascape
is a contributor to landscape character, the landscape value and quality is
considered to be ‘Medium’. The overall
sensitivity is Medium. |
||
|
LCA2 |
Strait
Landscape Area – 51.2ha |
(a) |
LCA refers to the narrow channel formed by the
southern coastline of HKIA and Tung Chung. Waterfront on the Tung Chung side is
artificial rock revetment whereas the natural coastline remains intact on the
Chek Lap Kok side with narrow beaches and rocky shoreline. Two road bridges cross over the channel linking
Tung Chung to Chek Lap Kok. The
Airport Express Line crosses on a separate bridge. These structures further enclose the area. |
|
(b) |
The strait has already undergone works by
developments over the years. It is therefore considered to have a medium
capacity to accept further change. The
channel formation is unnatural as it is predominantly formed by land
reclamation albeit partly including the mouth of Tung Chung Bay which is
natural; in this case the rarity is medium, landscape quality and value is
also ‘Medium’. The overall sensitivity
is considered to be Medium. |
||
|
LCA3 |
Inter-tidal
Coast Landscape Area –25.8ha |
(a) |
LCA refers to intertidal beach, mudflat
and foreshore of Tung Chung Bay which is formed by natural coastline to the
south and west, the Yat Tung Estate to the east and Airport Island to the
north. The scale of development drops
dramatically as it meets this bay, from the high density areas of Tung Chung
to small villages and scattered dwellings. Many of the natural features of
the bay remain. LCA
refers to the old fishing village and settlements within the foreshore of
Tung Chung Bay including Ma Wan Chung. The traditional village houses surrounding the small fishing harbour
are small scale, vary in age and construction material. Beyond the harbour
side, scattered village houses sit within established woodland. Hau Wong Temple, built in 1765, sits in
the middle of the beach adjacent to recreational grounds and other small
buildings. |
|
(b) |
The bay remains relatively natural therefore it is considered to have
a low capacity to accept change. The
rarity is rated as ‘High’ due to the loss of similar features as a result of
other reclamation works in the vicinity.
The landscape quality and value is considered to be ‘High’. As a result the overall sensitivity is
rated as High. |
||
|
LCA4 |
Coastal Upland
and Hillside Landscape Area – 112.3ha |
(a) |
LCA refers to natural upland prominences
generally above 40mPD along the coastal interface. This includes Scenic Hill (designated as
GB) and Ma Wan Hill (designated as OS) either side of the channel separating
Tung Chung from HKIA. Vegetation cover comprises shrubland/ grassland with some areas of
secondary woodland. Whilst these areas
have been influenced by human activities including burials, informal/ formal
tracks and small scale buildings, they remain relatively wild and natural in
character. |
|
(b) |
As a result of the undeveloped natural and wildness of this LCA it is
considered to have a low capacity to accept change. It is a natural LCA within the vicinity and
across Tung Chung Area; as a result the rarity is rated as ‘High’. The landscape quality and value is rated as
‘High’. The overall sensitivity is
also High. |
||
|
LCA5 |
Settled Valley
Landscape Area – 135.1ha |
(a) |
LCA refers to the scattered settlements, tracks, forests, agricultural
plots and natural landscape in the upper Tung Chung Valley above 40mPD. Human development appears embedded into the
surrounding hillside forests, are small in scale and do not overly detract
from the dramatic mountain backdrop. Several temples are scattered throughout
the valley including the Tin Hau Temple near Chek Lap Kok New Village. This LCA also includes Part of Tung Chung Fort, Chek Lap Kok
New Village; and areas in Pak Mong with village
settlements, agricultural land, plantation, and the historic buildings of
Watchtower, Entrance Gate, and part of the Tai Ho Site of archaeological
Interest. Rare and protected species including Aquilaria sinensis, Cibotium barometz, Pavetta hongkongensis and Gmelina chinensis are found in Tung
Chung Valley. Rare and protected species including Aquilaria sinensis, Cibotium barometz and Pavetta hongkongensis are found in Pak Mong. |
|
(b) |
The natural nature of this LCA results in a low capacity to accept
change. It is a quite common LCA
within the vicinity and across Tung Chung Area, as a result the rarity is
rated as ‘Medium’. The landscape
quality and value is rated as ‘High’.
The overall sensitivity is also High. |
||
|
LCA6 |
Upland
Hillside Landscape Area – 272.8ha |
(a) |
LCA refers to undeveloped upland hillside landscape surrounding the
study area generally above 40mPD. The
natural terrain comprises mainly shrubland/ grassland with some strips of
secondary woodland and rocky outcrops. As a result of the natural unaltered terrain, the capacity to accept
change is ‘Low’. The LCA is relatively
common therefore has a rarity rating of ‘High’. The landscape quality and value is
considered to be ‘High’. The overall
sensitivity is High. |
|
LCA7a |
Reclamation/
On-going Major Development Landscape Area – 32.8ha |
(a) |
LCA refers to landscape at Areas 53, 54, 55 and 56 on the edge of the
urban area comprising partially developed reclaimed land fronting the PDA at
TCE. Construction works are currently
underway for public/private residential development. Areas 55 and 56 are largely developed with residential
development and urban amenity planting while Areas 53 and 54 are mainly
undeveloped level terrain. The coastal interface is formed with uniform rock
revetment. |
|
(b) |
As this LCA comprises a development plot on reclaimed land, it has a
‘High’ capacity to accept change. It
has a ‘Low’ rating in terms of rarity.
The landscape quality and value is ‘Low’. The overall sensitivity is ‘Low’ |
||
|
LCA7b |
On-going Major
Development Landscape Area – 9.7ha |
(a) |
LCA refers to landscape at the construction area at Area 30 and
Construction site of Tung Chung West Station in TCW. Grassland with some
trees covers the northern part of the area while the majority of the area is
disturbed land with little vegetation. |
|
(b) |
As this LCA comprises disturbed land with little vegetation, it has a
‘High’ capacity to accept change. It
has a ‘Low’ rating in terms of rarity.
The landscape quality and value is ‘Low’. The overall sensitivity is Low. |
||
|
LCA8 |
Transportation
Corridor Landscape Area – 177.6ha |
(a) |
LCA refers to the transport corridor approaching Tung Chung from the
east containing the NLH and AEL connecting Hong Kong International Airport
with Lantau Island. The NLH comprises
a 6-lane highway delineated with vertical concrete barriers and boundary
fencing. Adjacent to this is the
2-lane Cheung Tung Road linking Tung Chung with Pak Mong, Ngau Kwu Long and
Tai Ho. The AEL runs on the outside of
the road corridor along the water front.
The corridor is entirely built on top of reclaimed landscape. Vegetation cover is restricted to narrow
verges with grass, hedge and small tree planting. |
|
(b) |
As a result of the man-made nature of the LR, it is considered to have
a high capacity to accept change.
Infrastructure routes are not considered to be rare therefore the
rating is ‘Low’. Given the man-made
nature and minimal vegetation coverage, the landscape value and quality is
considered to be ‘Low’. The overall
sensitivity is Low. |
||
|
LCA9 |
Mixed Modern
Comprehensive Urban Development Landscape Area – 87.7ha |
(a) |
LCA
refers to the central high rise residential and commercial area of Tung
Chung. This earlier phase of the Tung
Chung new town development is more compact in layout and is orientated around
a central shopping and pedestrian precinct in comparison to the modern phases
to the west which are more open and mainly separate from the shopping area. Area includes several parks and a waterfront promenade. The promenade is a series of tree and shrub
planting, picnic areas, seating, cycle route and pedestrian paths. This provides a buffer between the
waterfront road and coastline. Areas
designated as ‘Open Space’ include recreational and private
green space comprising parks, formal tree avenues, specimen tree and shrub
planting, private courtyards, swimming pools and play/recreation areas. |
|
(b) |
As
this landscape has been heavily developed and formed on reclaimed land, it is
considered to have a high capacity to accept change. It is not considered as rare, therefore the
rating is low. The landscape contains
some mature planting and formalised landscape spaces which provide important
landscape amenity, in this case the landscape value and quality is
‘Low’. The overall sensitivity is also
‘Low’. |
||
|
LCA10a |
Urban Peripheral Village Landscape Area–25.6ha |
(a) |
LCA
refers to the small scale village settlements scattered in Tung Chun Bay,
Ngau Au, Tung Hing, Shek Lau Po, Mok Ka, Nim Yuen, Chap Mun Tau and Shek Pik
Au in TCW. The majority of them comprise low-rise village houses in a cluster
while some are a group of a few houses. Old fishing village and settlements
are located within the foreshore of Tung Chung Bay including Ma Wan Chung.
The traditional village houses surrounding the small fishing harbour are
small scale, vary in age and construction material. Beyond the harbour side,
scattered village houses sit within established woodland. Hau Wong Temple,
built in 1765, sits in the middle of the beach adjacent to recreational
grounds and other small buildings. |
|
(b) |
As
a result of human disturbance, mainly focused around the settled areas and
extent of clearance for roads and parking, it is considered that the LCA has
a medium capacity to accept change. It
has a rarity rating of ‘Medium’. The landscape value and quality is
‘Medium’. The overall sensitivity is
also Medium. |
||
|
LCA10b |
Miscellaneous Rural Fringe Landscape Area– 66.9ha |
(a) |
LCA
refers to the agricultural land and small areas of Fung Shui Woods in Tung
Chun Bay, Ngau Au, Tung Hing, Shek Lau Po, Mok Ka, Nim Yuen, Chap Mun Tau and
Shek Pik Au in TCW. They comprise agricultural land of various types, both
wet and dry, abandoned and active. |
|
(b) |
As
the LCA are agricultural land that has undergone change as a result of human
activities, it is considered that the LCA has a medium capacity to accept
change. It has a rarity rating of
‘Medium’. The landscape value and quality is ‘High’. The overall sensitivity is also High. |
||
|
LCA10c |
Rural Township Landscape Area– 15ha |
(a) |
LCA
refers to the well-established village development to the south of Yat Tung
Estate, covering area in Lung Tseng Tau, Wong Ka Wai, Ha Lingn Pei, Sheung
Ling Pei and Fui Yiu Ha. They comprise mainly lowrise village houses in dense
clusters, the Tung Chung Public School campus and the Tung Chung Fort. |
|
(b) |
As
a result of human disturbance, mainly focused around the settled areas and
extent of clearance for roads and parking, it is considered that the LCA has
a medium capacity to accept change. It
has a rarity rating of ‘Medium’. The landscape value and quality is
‘Medium’. The overall sensitivity is
also Medium. |
||
|
LCA11 |
Airport
Landscape Area – 2.2ha |
(a) |
LCA
refers to the reclaimed landscape forming HKIA excluding the main road
infrastructure on the eastern edge of the island. In addition to airport, runways and
terminals the LCA includes a golf course, Expo centre, hotel facilities,
surface parking, fuel storage tanks and airport support/ancillary buildings. A relatively large proportion of open green
space is provided, formed around the complex system of road viaducts,
junctions and on verges. Amenity
Public Open Space such as small parks and precinct are provided adjacent to
the hotel facilities, Expo centre and various offices. |
|
(b) |
As
this landscape is entirely formed on reclaimed land and incorporates major
infrastructure and an airport, the capacity to accept change is rated as
‘High’. It is not considered as rare,
therefore the rating is low. The
landscape contains some mature planting and formalised landscape spaces
although these are minor in proportion when compared to the scale of airport
development, in this case the landscape value and quality is ‘Low’. The overall sensitivity is also Low. |
||
|
LCA12 |
Institutional Landscape Area– 20.5ha |
(a) |
LCA
refers to the North Lantau Hospital, the Caritas Charles Vath College and the
YMCA of Hong Kong Christian College and associated open air sports
facilities, and the land nearby. Landscape planting generally comprises
amenity trees and shrubs with grassland areas. External pedestrian areas, associated with
these facilities are more formalised, appear well kept with dedicated
pedestrian precincts including ornamental tree and shrub planting. |
|
(b) |
As
a result of the built nature of this LCA, the LCA has a ‘high” capacity to
accept change. It has a rarity rating
of ‘Low’. The landscape value and quality is ‘Medium’ due to the amenity
planting in the area. The overall sensitivity is also Medium. |
||
|
LCA13 |
Residential Urban Landscape Area– 19.3ha |
(a) |
LCA
refers to the landscape at the housing development of Yat Tung Estate. It
comprises over twenty highrise residential buildings and associated buildings such as shopping malls, carpark,
community centres and schools. Landscaped areas with ornamental planting,
feature paving and sports facilities are provided at grade and on rooftops. |
|
(b) |
As
this landscape has been heavily developed, it is considered to have a high
capacity to accept change. Rarity
rating is low since it is quite typical a housing project in Hong Kong. The landscape contains some mature planting
and formalised landscape spaces which provide some landscape amenity, in this
case the landscape value and quality is ‘Medium’. The overall sensitivity is also Low. |
11.5.5 Sensitivity of LRs and LCAs
Sensitivity of LRs
11.5.5.1 Landscape resources affected by the proposed development within 500m of the project boundary and associated infrastructure have been identified and mapped using a combination of aerial photography followed by on site verification. Each component affecting the sensitivity of the LR will be reviewed in relation to:
·
Quality of landscape character/resources;
·
Importance and rarity of special landscape
elements;
·
Ability of the landscape to accommodate
change;
·
Significance of the change in local and
regional context; and
·
Maturity of the landscape.
11.5.5.2 The sensitivity of LR is assessed in Table 11.8. The extent of these resources is presented in Figure 11.2a. Detailed descriptions for the sensitivity of LRs in Table 11.8 are described in Table 11.6
Table 11.8 Sensitivity of LRs
|
ID. LR |
Landscape Resources |
Quality (High, Medium, Low) |
Rarity (High, Medium, Low) |
Importance (local, regional, national or global) |
Ability to Accommodate Change |
Maturity |
Sensitivity (Low, Medium, High) |
|
LR 1a |
Secondary Woodland near
Tai Ho Wan and Siu Ho Wan |
High |
High |
Local |
Low |
Medium |
High |
|
Generally the LR has a low
capacity to accept change as a result of its naturalness and maturity. In this context the distribution and extent
is relatively patchy. A number of rare and protected species are found, therefore
the rarity is considered as ‘High’. The landscape quality and value is
considered to be ‘High’. The overall
Sensitivity is High. |
|||||||
|
LR 1b |
Secondary Woodland near Kei Tau Kok |
High |
Medium |
Local |
Low |
Medium |
High |
|
Generally the
LR has a low capacity to accept change as a result of its naturalness and
maturity. In this context the
distribution and extent is relatively patchy. No rare and protected species
are found, therefore the rarity is considered as ‘Medium’. The landscape
quality and value is considered to be ‘High’.
The overall Sensitivity is High. |
|||||||
|
LR1c |
Secondary Woodland along Yu Tung Road |
High |
Medium |
Local |
Low |
High |
High |
|
Generally the
LR has a low capacity to accept change as a result of its naturalness and
maturity. In this context the
distribution and extent is less patchy. No rare and protected species are
found, therefore the rarity is considered as ‘Medium’. The landscape quality
and value is considered to be ‘High’.
The overall Sensitivity is High. |
|||||||
|
LR1d |
Secondary Woodland near New Tung Chung
Hang |
High |
High |
Local |
Low |
High |
High |
|
Generally the
LR has a low capacity to accept change as a result of its naturalness and maturity. In this context the distribution and extent
is less patchy. A number of rare and protected species are found, therefore the rarity is
considered as ‘High’. The landscape quality and value is considered to be
‘High’. The overall Sensitivity is High. |
|||||||
|
LR1e |
Secondary Woodland near Lung Tseng Tau |
High |
High |
Local |
Low |
High |
High |
|
Generally the
LR has a low capacity to accept change as a result of its naturalness and
maturity. In this context the
distribution and extent is less patchy. A number of rare and protected
species are found, therefore the rarity is considered as ‘High’. The
landscape quality and value is considered to be ‘High’. The overall Sensitivity is High. |
|||||||
|
LR1f |
Secondary Woodland near Shek Mun Kap |
High |
High |
Local |
Low |
Medium |
High |
|
Generally the
LR has a low capacity to accept change as a result of its naturalness and
maturity. In this context the
distribution and extent is relatively patchy. A number of rare and protected
species are found, therefore the rarity is considered as ‘Medium’. The
landscape quality and value is considered to be ‘High’. The overall Sensitivity is High. |
|||||||
|
LR1g |
Secondary Woodland near San Keng |
High |
High |
Local |
Low |
Medium |
High |
|
Generally the
LR has a low capacity to accept change as a result of its naturalness and
maturity. In this context the
distribution and extent is less patchy. A number of rare and protected
species are found, therefore the rarity is considered as ‘High’. The
landscape quality and value is considered to be ‘High’. The overall Sensitivity is High. |
|||||||
|
LR1h |
Secondary Woodland near Mok Ka |
High |
High |
Local |
Low |
High |
High |
|
Generally the
LR has a low capacity to accept change as a result of its naturalness and
maturity. In this context the
distribution and extent is relatively patchy. A number of rare and protected
species are found, therefore the rarity is considered as ‘Medium’. The
landscape quality and value is considered to be ‘High’. The overall Sensitivity is High. |
|||||||
|
LR1i |
Secondary Woodland near Ngau Au |
High |
High |
Local |
Low |
Medium |
High |
|
Generally the
LR has a low capacity to accept change as a result of its naturalness and
maturity. In this context the
distribution and extent is less patchy. A number of rare and protected
species are found, therefore the rarity is considered as ‘High’. The
landscape quality and value is considered to be ‘High’. The overall Sensitivity is High |
|||||||
|
LR1j |
Secondary Woodland near Ma Wan Hill |
High |
High |
Local |
Low |
Medium |
High |
|
Generally the
LR has a low capacity to accept change as a result of its naturalness and
maturity. In this context the
distribution and extent is less patchy. A number of rare and protected
species are found, therefore the rarity is considered as ‘High’. The
landscape quality and value is considered to be ‘High’. The overall Sensitivity is High |
|||||||
|
LR2a |
Shrubland/ Grassland near Tai Ho Wan and
Siu Ho Wan |
Medium |
Low |
Local |
Low |
Medium |
Medium |
|
LR has a ‘Low’
capacity to accept change as it is associated with natural terrain. No rare and protected species are found,
the rarity is considered to be ‘Low’. The landscape quality and value is
considered to be ‘Medium’. The overall
Sensitivity is Medium. |
|||||||
|
LR2b |
Shrubland/ Grassland near N. Lantau
Highway |
High |
Low |
Local |
Low |
Medium |
High |
|
LR has a ‘Low’
capacity to accept change as it is associated with natural terrain. No rare and protected species are found,
the rarity is considered to be ‘Low’. The landscape quality and value is
considered to be ‘High’. The overall
Sensitivity is High. |
|||||||
|
LR2c |
Shrubland/ Grassland near Yu Yung Road |
Medium |
Low |
Local |
Low |
Medium |
Medium |
|
LR has a ‘Low’
capacity to accept change as it is associated with natural terrain. No rare
and protected species are found, the rarity is considered to be ‘Low’. The
landscape quality and value is considered to be ‘Medium’. The overall Sensitivity is Medium. |
|||||||
|
LR2d |
Shrubland/ Grassland near Tung Chung Road |
Medium |
Medium |
Local |
Low |
Medium |
Medium |
|
LR has a
‘Low’ capacity to accept change as it is associated with natural terrain.
Some rare and protected species are found, the rarity is considered to be
‘Low’. The landscape quality and value is considered to be ‘Medium’. The overall Sensitivity is Medium. |
|||||||
|
LR2e |
Shrubland/ Grassland near San Keng |
High |
Low |
Local |
Low |
Medium |
High |
|
LR has a ‘Low’
capacity to accept change as it is associated with natural terrain. No rare and protected species are found,
the rarity is considered to be ‘Low’. The landscape quality and value is
considered to be ‘High’. The overall
Sensitivity is High |
|||||||
|
LR2f |
Shrubland/ Grassland near Mok Ka |
High |
Medium |
Local |
Low |
Medium |
High |
|
LR has a
‘Low’ capacity to accept change as it is associated with natural
terrain. Some rare and protected
species are found, the rarity is considered to be ‘Medium’. The landscape
quality and value is considered to be ‘High’.
The overall Sensitivity is High. |
|||||||
|
LR2g |
Shrubland/ Grassland near Tung Hing |
High |
Low |
Local |
Low |
Medium |
High |
|
LR has a
‘Low’ capacity to accept change as it is associated with natural terrain. No
rare and protected species are found, the rarity is considered to be ‘Low’.
The landscape quality and value is considered to be ‘High’. The overall Sensitivity is High. |
|||||||
|
LR2h |
Shrubland/ Grassland near Ma Wan Hill |
Medium |
Low |
Local |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
|
LR shows
signs of human disturbance and has a ‘Medium’ capacity to accept change. No
rare and protected species are found, the rarity is considered to be ‘Low’.
The landscape quality and value is considered to be ‘Medium’. The overall Sensitivity is Medium. |
|||||||
|
LR2i |
Shrubland/ Grassland near Scenic Hill |
Medium |
Low |
Local |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
|
LR shows
signs of human disturbance and has a ‘Medium’ capacity to accept change. No
rare and protected species are found, the rarity is considered to be ‘Low’.
The landscape quality and value is considered to be ‘Medium’. The overall Sensitivity is Medium. |
|||||||
|
LR3 |
Transitional
Waters |
High |
High |
Local |
Low |
N/A |
High |
|
In general
this natural LR has a ‘low’ capacity to accept change. This LR is localized to the natural coastal
and estuary which is providing quality landscape amenity and supporting
adjacent coastal habitat eg. mangroves along this area. Therefore the rarity
is considered to be ‘High’. Natural
coastline interfaces enhance the landscape quality and value which is
considered to be ‘High’. The overall
sensitivity is High. |
|||||||
|
LR4 |
Coastal Waters |
High |
Medium |
Local |
Medium |
N/A |
Medium |
|
In general
this natural LR has a ‘Medium’ capacity to accept change. This LR overs a large proportion of the
Assessment Area, therefore the rarity is considered to be ‘Medium’. Natural coastline interfaces enhance the
landscape quality and value which is considered to be ‘High’. The overall sensitivity is Medium. |
|||||||
|
LR5a |
Natural Streams and Rivers |
High |
High |
Local |
Low |
N/A |
High |
|
Given the
naturalness and relative vulnerability of the LR it is considered to have a
‘Low’ capacity to accept change. Three
Ecologically important Streams (EIS) including Wong Lung Hang Stream and two
branches of Tung Chung Streams are located within the Assessment Area,
therefore the rarity is considered to be High. The landscape quality and value is
considered to be high. The overall
sensitivity is also High. |
|||||||
|
LR5b |
Channelized Watercourse |
Medium |
Medium |
Local |
High |
N/A |
Medium |
|
Given the
artificial nature of the LR it is considered to have a ‘High’ capacity to
accept change. They are fairly common
in the area so the rarity is considered to be ‘Medium’. The landscape quality and value is
considered to be ‘Medium’. The overall
sensitivity is also Medium. |
|||||||
|
LR6a |
Mudflats |
High |
Medium |
Local |
Low |
N/A |
High |
|
Due to
pressures of development causing fragmentation of the natural coastline and
naturalness of the LR, it is considered to have a ‘Low’ capacity to accept
change. Some rare seagrass species are found. The rarity is considered to be
‘Medium’. The LR is an important contributor to landscape character of the
coastal area, therefore the landscape quality and value is considered to be
‘High’. The overall sensitivity is
also High. |
|||||||
|
LR6b |
Rocky Shore |
High |
High |
Local |
Low |
N/A |
High |
|
Due to
pressures of development causing fragmentation of the natural coastline and
naturalness of the LR, it is considered to have a ‘Low’ capacity to accept
change. LR is limited in its extent, therefore the rarity is considered to be
‘High’. The LR is an important contributor to landscape character of the
coastal area, therefore the landscape quality and value is considered to be
‘High’. The overall sensitivity is
also High. |
|||||||
|
LR7a |
Roads and
Urban Infrastructure Area |
Low |
Low |
Local |
High |
Low |
Low |
|
Given the
man-made nature of the LR, it generally has a ‘High’ capacity to accept
change. However mature landscape planting limits this capacity at points.
This is a common LR; therefore the rarity is ‘Low’. Landscape quality and value is considered
to be low given the dominance of engineered structures and hard landscape
treatments. The overall sensitivity is
considered to be ‘Low’. |
|||||||
|
LR7b |
Major
Transport Corridor Area |
Low |
Low |
Local |
High |
Low |
Low |
|
As a result of
the man-made nature of the LR, it has a ‘High’ capacity to accept change. No
rare and protected species are found. This is a common LR in the vicinity
therefore the rarity is ‘Low’. Due to extensive hard surfacing, lack of
vegetation cover, the landscape quality and value it considered to be ‘Low’. The overall sensitivity of the resource is
considered to be ‘Low’. |
|||||||
|
LR8 |
Village Type Development |
Low |
Medium |
Local |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
|
Given the
built nature of the LR it has a ‘medium’ capacity to accept change. Some rare
and protected species are found. This LR is common within the vicinity
therefore the rarity is considered to be ‘Medium’. Landscape quality and value is considered
to be low given the vernacular and conventional nature of the resource. The overall sensitivity is considered to be
Medium. |
|||||||
|
LR9 |
Urbanised
Development |
Low |
Medium |
Local |
High |
Medium |
Low |
|
Given the built nature of the LR it has a
‘High’ capacity to accept change. This
LR is very common within the vicinity therefore the rarity is considered to
be ‘Medium’. Some rare and
protected species are found, eg. Gmelina
chinensis. Landscape quality and value is considered to be low given the
formalised nature of the majority of the resource. The overall sensitivity is considered to be
Low. |
|||||||
|
LR10a |
Regenerated Grassland
of Abandoned Agricultural Land |
Low |
Medium |
Local |
Low |
Medium |
Medium |
|
As
agricultural land generally does not include built form although has
undergone change as a result of human activities, it is considered to have a
low capacity to accept change. No rare and protected species are found. This
LR is fairly common within Tung Chung Valley although the overall extent is
not substantial; in this case the rarity is ‘Medium’. The landscape quality and value is
considered to be Low. The overall
sensitivity is Medium. |
|||||||
|
LR10b |
Regenerated Freshwater
Marshes of Abandoned Agricultural Land |
Medium |
High |
Local |
Low |
Medium |
High |
|
As
agricultural land generally does not include built form, it is considered to
have a low capacity to accept change.
This LR is fairly limited within Tung Chung Valley; The rarity is
‘High’ as some rare and protected species such as Aquilaria sinensis are found.
The landscape quality and value is considered to be Medium. The overall sensitivity is High. |
|||||||
|
LR10c |
Active Agricultural
Land |
Medium |
Medium |
Local |
Medium |
Medium |
High |
|
As
agricultural land generally does not include built form although has undergone
change as a result of human activities, it is considered to have a medium
capacity to accept change. The rarity
is ‘Medium’ as some rare and protected species such as Aquilaria sinensis are found.
The landscape quality and value is considered to be Medium. The overall sensitivity is High. |
|||||||
|
LR11 |
Plantation |
Medium |
Medium |
Local |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
|
The LR is considered to have a medium capacity to
accept change given its managed nature.
Plantation is a fairly common LR although the extent within the study
area is limited; in this case the rarity is considered to be ‘Medium’. No rare and
protected species are found. The landscape
value and quality is considered to be medium.
The overall sensitivity is also ‘Medium’. |
|||||||
|
LR12 |
Fung Shui
Woodland |
High |
High |
Regional |
Low |
High |
High |
|
Given the maturity, cultural significance and
rareness of this LR, its capacity to accept change is low. A number of rare and protected species are
found, the rarity is considered to be high. The landscape quality and value is
high. The overall Sensitivity is
‘High’. |
|||||||
|
LR13 |
Mangrove |
High |
High |
Regional |
Low |
High |
High |
|
As a result of the rarity of the LR the capacity
to accept change is low. The extent of
the LR is limited and plant species of conservation importance such as Ligustrum punctifolium are found, as a result the rarity is considered to be
‘High’. The LR contributes
significantly to the coastline/bay landscape character, as a result the
landscape quality and value is considered to be high. The overall sensitivity is ‘High’. |
|||||||
|
LR14 |
Reedbed |
Medium |
High |
Local |
Low |
Medium |
High |
|
As a result of the rarity of the LR the capacity
to accept change is low. No rare and
protected species are found, The extent of
the LR is very limited, as a result the rarity is considered to be
‘High’. The LR is easy to recreate by
planting, as a result the landscape quality and value is considered to be Medium. The overall sensitivity is High. |
|||||||
|
LR15 |
Artificial Sea
Wall Area |
Low |
Low |
Local |
High |
N/A |
Low |
|
As a result of
the artificial nature of the resource, it is considered to have a high
capacity to accept change. The LR is very common therefore the rarity is
‘Low’. The landscape quality and value
is low. The overall sensitivity is
‘Low’ |
|||||||
11.5.5.3 LRs of high sensitivity are generally natural elements and modified natural elements i.e. most LR1 Secondary Woodland, parts of LR 2 Shrubland and Grassland, LR3 Transitional Waters, LR5a Natural Streams and Rivers, LR6a Mudflats, LR6b Rocky Shore, LR10b Regenerated Freshwater Marshes of Abandoned Agricultural Land, LR10c Active Agricultural Land, LR12 Fung Shui Woodland, LR13 Mangrove and LR14 Reedbed.
11.5.5.4 LRs associated with natural water bodies including LR5a Natural Streams and Rivers are often considered higher value resources. All the natural streams e.g. Tung Chung Stream have high sensitivity. In addition, LR6a Mudflats and LR6b Rocky Shore is with high sensitivity.
11.5.5.5 All areas of woodland and mangrove are precious landscape resource within the study area (both hillside and lowland) and most of them are therefore rated as having high sensitivity.
11.5.5.6 LRs of medium sensitivity are mainly LR4 Coastal Waters, LR5b Channelized Watercourse, LR8 Village Type Development, LR10a Regenerated Grassland of Abandoned Agricultural Land and LR11 Plantation. Trees found along major roads e.g. Yu Tung Road, Chung Yan Road and North Lantau Highways within patches of plantation on the lowland or slopes, which can be recreated reasonably easily, are considered less valuable resources and hence are in medium sensitivity.
11.5.5.7 LRs of low sensitivity are LR7a Roads and Urban Infrastructure, LR7b Major Transport Corridor, LR9 Urbanised Development, and LR15 Artificial Sea Wall. They are with low sensitivity for their artificial nature and lower landscape significance.
Sensitivity of LCAs
11.5.5.8 The sensitivity of LCA is assessed in Table 11.9. The extent of these LCAs are presented in Figure 11.3a to 11.3ac.
Table 11.9 Sensitivity of LCAs
|
ID. |
Landscape
Character Area |
Quality (High,
Medium, Low) |
Rarity (High,
Medium, Low) |
Importance (local,
regional, national or global) |
Ability to
Accommodate Change |
Maturity |
Sensitivity (Low,
Medium, High) |
|
LCA1 |
Inshore Water Landscape Area |
Medium |
Medium |
Regional |
Medium |
N/A |
Medium |
|
The LCA
has historically been encroached upon through phases of reclamation to form
the NLH, AEL, Tung Chung waterfront and HKIA; it is therefore considered that
the LR has a medium capacity to accept change. The LCA is very common; its
rarity is therefore ‘Medium’. Seascape
is a contributor to landscape character, the landscape value and quality is
considered to be ‘Medium’. The overall
sensitivity is ‘Medium’ |
|||||||
|
LCA2 |
Strait Landscape Area |
Medium |
Medium |
Local |
Medium |
N/A |
Medium |
|
The strait has already undergone works by
developments over the years. It is therefore considered to have a medium
capacity to accept further change. The
channel formation is unnatural as it is predominantly formed by land
reclamation albeit partly including the mouth of Tung Chung Bay which is
natural; in this case the rarity is medium, landscape quality and value is
also ‘Medium’. The overall sensitivity
is considered to be ‘Medium’. |
|||||||
|
LCA3 |
Inter-tidal Coast Landscape Area |
High |
High |
Local |
Low |
High |
High |
|
The bay remains relatively natural therefore it is considered to have a low capacity to accept change. The rarity is rated as ‘High’ due to the loss of similar features as a result of other reclamation works in the vicinity. The landscape quality and value is considered to be ‘High’. As a result the overall sensitivity is rated as ‘High’. |
|||||||
|
LCA4 |
Coastal Upland and Hillside Landscape Area |
High |
High |
Local |
Low |
Medium |
High |
|
As a result of the undeveloped natural and
wildness of this LCA it is considered to have a low capacity to accept
change. It is a natural LCA within the
vicinity and across Tung Chung Area; as a result the rarity is rated as
‘High’. The landscape quality and
value is rated as ‘High’. The overall
sensitivity is also ‘High’. |
|||||||
|
LCA5 |
Settled Valley Landscape Area |
Medium |
Medium |
Local |
Low |
High |
High |
|
The natural nature of this LCA results in
a low capacity to accept change. It is
a quite common LCA within the vicinity and across Tung Chung Area, as a
result the rarity is rated as ‘Medium’.
The landscape quality and value is rated as ‘Medium’. The overall sensitivity is also ‘High’. |
|||||||
|
LCA6 |
Upland Hillside Landscape Area |
High |
High |
Local |
Low |
High |
High |
|
As a result of the natural unaltered
terrain, the capacity to accept change is ‘Low’. The LCA is relatively common therefore has
a rarity rating of ‘High’. The
landscape quality and value is considered to be ‘High’. The overall sensitivity is ‘High’. |
|||||||
|
LCA7a |
Reclamation/ On-going Major Development Landscape |
Low |
Low |
Local |
High |
Medium |
Low |
|
As this LCA comprises a development plot
on reclaimed land, it has a ‘High’ capacity to accept change. It has a ‘Low’ rating in terms of
rarity. The landscape quality and
value is ‘Low’. The overall
sensitivity is ‘Low’ |
|||||||
|
LCA7b |
On-going Major Development Landscape |
Low |
Low |
Local |
High |
Low |
Low |
|
As this LCA comprises disturbed land with
little vegetation, it has a ‘High’ capacity to accept change. It has a ‘Low’ rating in terms of
rarity. The landscape quality and value
is ‘Low’. The overall sensitivity is Low. |
|||||||
|
LCA8 |
Transportation Corridor Landscape Area |
Low |
Low |
Local |
High |
Low |
Low |
|
As a result of the man-made nature of the
LR, it is considered to have a high capacity to accept change. Infrastructure routes are not considered to
be rare therefore the rating is ‘Low’.
Given the man-made nature and minimal vegetation coverage, the
landscape value and quality is considered to be ‘Low’. The overall sensitivity is ‘Low’ |
|||||||
|
LCA9 |
Mixed Modern Comprehensive Urban Development Landscape Area |
Low |
Low |
Local |
High |
Medium |
Low |
|
As this landscape has been heavily
developed and formed on reclaimed land, it is considered to have a high
capacity to accept change. It is not
considered as rare, therefore the rating is low. The landscape contains some mature planting
and formalised landscape spaces which provide important landscape amenity, in
this case the landscape value and quality is ‘Low’. The overall sensitivity is also ‘Low’. |
|||||||
|
LCA 10a |
Urban
Peripheral Village Landscape Area |
Medium |
Medium |
Local |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
|
As a result of human disturbance, mainly
focused around the settled areas and extent of clearance for roads and
parking, it is considered that the LCA has a medium capacity to accept
change. It has a rarity rating of
‘Medium’. The landscape value and quality is ‘Medium’. The overall sensitivity is also Medium. |
|||||||
|
LCA 10b |
Miscellaneous
Rural Fringe Landscape Area |
High |
Medium |
Local |
Medium |
Medium |
High |
|
As the LCA are agricultural land that has
undergone change as a result of human activities, it is considered that the
LCA has a medium capacity to accept change.
It has a rarity rating of ‘Medium’. The landscape value and quality is
‘High’. The overall sensitivity is
also High. |
|||||||
|
LCA 10c |
Rural Township
Landscape Area |
Medium |
Medium |
Local |
Medium |
Medium |
Medium |
|
As a result of human disturbance, mainly
focused around the settled areas and extent of clearance for roads and
parking, it is considered that the LCA has a medium capacity to accept
change. It has a rarity rating of
‘Medium’. The landscape value and quality is ‘Medium’. The overall sensitivity is also Medium |
|||||||
|
LCA 11 |
Airport Landscape Area |
Low |
Low |
Regional |
High |
Medium |
Low |
|
As this landscape is entirely formed on
reclaimed land and incorporates major infrastructure and an airport, the
capacity to accept change is rated as ‘High’.
It is not considered as rare, therefore the rating is low. The landscape contains some mature planting
and formalised landscape spaces although these are minor in proportion when
compared to the scale of airport development, in this case the landscape
value and quality is ‘Low’. The
overall sensitivity is also ‘Low’. |
|||||||
|
LCA 12 |
Institutional
Landscape Area |
Medium |
Low |
Local |
High |
Medium |
Medium |
|
As a result of the built nature of this
LCA, the LCA has a ‘high” capacity to accept change. It has a rarity rating of ‘Low’. The
landscape value and quality is ‘Medium’ due to the amenity planting in the
area. The overall sensitivity is also Medium. |
|||||||
|
LCA 13 |
Residential
Urban Landscape Area |
Medium |
Low |
Local |
High |
Low |
Low |
|
As this landscape has been heavily
developed, it is considered to have a high capacity to accept change. Rarity rating is low since it is quite
typical a housing project in Hong Kong.
The landscape contains some mature planting and formalised landscape spaces
which provide some landscape amenity, in this case the landscape value and
quality is ‘Medium’. The overall
sensitivity is also Low. |
|||||||
11.5.5.9 LCAs of high sensitivity which are natural components includes LCA3 Inter-tidal Coast Landscape, LCA4 Coastal Upland and Hillside Landscape, LCA5 Settled Valley Landscape, LCA6 Upland Hillside Landscape and 10b Rural Township Landscape.
11.5.5.10 LCAs including LCA1 Inshore Water Landscape and LCA2 Strait Landscape are common and quite abundant in Hong Kong. They are in medium sensitivity. With the human disturbance, LCA10a Urban Peripheral Village Landscape, 10c Rural Township Landscape, and LCA12 Institutional Landscape are less sensitive and of medium sensitivity.
11.5.5.11 The remaining LCAs including LCA7a, 7b, LCA8, LCA9, LCA11 and LCA13, which are regarded as artificial development landscape, are of low sensitivity.
11.6
Landscape Impact Assessment before
Mitigation
11.6.1 Aims of Review
11.6.1.1 A review of the existing and planned development framework for the proposed development and context has been conducted to:
·
Assist with
identification of existing landscape resources and potentially sensitive
receivers;
·
Highlight potential issues for
neighbouring planned land uses;
·
Optimise the compatibility of the
development with the surrounding land uses.
11.6.2 Sources of Landscape Impacts
11.6.2.1 As discussed in Section 11.4.3, the current RODP has incorporated a number of initiatives at the outset to avoid and minimize landscape impacts. Nevertheless, there would still be certain landscape impacts. During the construction and operational stage, potential landscape impacts will generally result from the following:
·
Reclamation of 115 hectare of land for
formation of TCE and 9 hectare for Road P1 (Tung Chung – Tai Ho Section) will
lead to a total loss of 124 hectare of LR4 Coastal Waters and LCA1 Inshore
Water Landscape, the loss of part of
LR15 Artificial Seawall and to the north of Ying Hei Road,. The
reclamation works as well as the high-rise building construction (e.g. public
and private residential building, commercial building, government building
including clinic, police married quarters) would generate negative landscape
and visual impacts during construction phase. Construction of small-scale
building structures (e.g. sewage pumping station, substation etc) will be
integrated into the abovementioned construction activities and thus has also
been taken into account;
·
The planning development at TCW will lead
to a loss of 29 hectare of LR10 Agricultural Land (LR10a, 10b , 10c) and 38 hectare
of LCA10a and LCA10b.
The construction activities including tree/ vegetation removal during
site formation, as well as the high-rise building construction (e.g. public and
private residential building, commercial building, government building
including clinic, police married quarters), would generate negative landscape
and visual impacts due to the construction activities. Construction of
small-scale building structures (e.g. sewage pumping station, substation,
polders, stormwater attenuation and treatment ponds etc.)
will be integrated into the abovementioned construction activities and thus has
also been taken into account. These development would have landscape impacts on LR1e, LR1f, LR1g, LR1h, LR1i,
LR1j, LR2c, LR2d, LR2e and LR2h; and LR8,
·
Construction of District Distributor roads
and sewage pumping stations with involves site clearance including tree
removal/transplantation and other vegetation removal would have a negative
landscape impact due the construction activities and loss of vegetation cover; structural
foundations of the new road across Tung Chung may affect the landscape
character of the concerned area. This
will affect LR1e, LR1f, LR4, LR7a, LR7b, LR8, LR9, LR10b and LR10c; LCA1, LCA7b,
LCA8 and LCA10b.
·
Upgrading of the existing Chung Mun
Road sewage pumping station will modify the landscape resource from LR9
Urbanized Development;
·
Construction of a marina with about 95
berths at the PDA at TCE will lead to a change in landscape character with a
loss of LCA1 Inshore Water Landscape. This will affect LR2a, LR4, LR7a, LR7b
and LR9; LCA1, LCA7a and LCA8;
·
Construction of an outdoor sporting
facility with a capacity of over 10,000 persons involves site reclamation works
and would generate negative impacts as a result of the loss of seascape i.e. LR4
Coastal Waters and LCA1 Inshore Water Landscape;
·
Within the LCA8 Transportation Corridor
Landscape, construction of a petrol filling station with an area of about
·
Construction of two service reservoirs,
including one for fresh water and the other for flushing water, with size of
·
Construction of about
·
Possible waterfront promenade at the
coastal area of proposed Town Park involves a loss of LR1j Secondary Woodland
near Ma Wan Hill for tree removal, cutting of slopes and operation of
construction works and would generate negative landscape impacts due to the
construction activities and loss of vegetation cover; Construction of the Town
Park and the residential highrise
developments and GIC facilities in the vicinity of the Town Park would generate
negative landscape impacts on LCA4 Coastal Upland and Hillside Landscape due to
the construction activities and loss of vegetation cover.
·
De-channelization of the existing
channelized section (LR5b) of Tung Chung Stream for amenity uses and
environmental enhancement (e.g. river park) involves tree and vegetation
removal on LR9 and LR11 near Chung Mun Road, realignment of watercourses and
operation of construction works would generate negative landscape impacts due
to the construction activities and loss of vegetation cover; and
·
Construction of new roads across Tung
Chung Stream at locations near the
existing YMCA College, near Mokka and near Chap Mun Tau involves modifications
to the existing natural rivers and streams (LR5a);
·
Possible amenity uses and environmental
enhancement (e.g. river park) in the land adjacent to the immediate upstream
of the channelized section of Tung Chung Stream to Shek Mun Kap involves tree and
vegetation removal on agricultural land (LR10a, 10b, 10c), shrubland and
grassland (LR2d) and woodland (LR1e, LR1f), realignment of watercourses and operation
of construction works. It would generate
negative landscape impacts due to the construction activities and loss of
vegetation cover, watercourses, existing topography and agricultural land.
· A comprehensive network of cycle track (about 12km long in total length) along the proposed distributor roads, waterfront promenade, walkways and along future Road P1 (Tung Chung – Tai Ho Section). It will involve construction activities and vegetation removal along the roads with LR9 Agricultural Land;
· A possible cycle park with an area of approximately 1.4ha surrounded by the slip roads connecting the future Tai Ho Interchange to integrate with the cycle tracks in TCE for forming a better cycle track network. It will involve 1.4ha of reclamation with the loss of LR4 Coastal Waters Area and LCA1 Inshore Water Landscape;
· Sustainable urban drainage system within TCW which might comprises polders and dual-purpose stormwater attenuation and treatment ponds. Some extent of LR1e, LR1f, LR2f, LR10a and LR10c will be affected. LCA 10b Miscellaneous Rural Fringe Landscape along the Tung Chung Stream and LCA5 Settled Valley Landscape near Fong Yuen will be affected due to the construction activities and removal of vegetation; and
·
Village sewerage system for the unsewered villages within TCW. Some
extent of Agricultural Land (LR10a, LR10b, LR10c) and LCA10a Urban Peripheral Village Landscape
and LCA10b Miscellaneous Rural Fringe Landscape along the sewage system will be
affected due to the construction activities and removal of vegetation.
·
Construction of new roads with
sufficient width to satisfy safety requirements and the need for flood risk
control will affect a small portion (0.20ha) of those Fung Shui Woodland that
amongst the 4.21ha of Fung Shui Woodland within the RODP boundary, while the
landuse in TCW have been purposefully adjusted to avoid the woodland as much as
possible.
·
Temporary works including construction of site offices, holding nursery
for transplanted trees and preparation work for tree transplantation
involve disturbance and loss to existing topography and vegetation cover mainly
on agricultural land (LR10a, 10b), shrubland and grassland (LR2d, LR2f) and
woodland (LR1e, LR1f, LR1i, LR1j).
11.6.3 Magnitude of Change to LRs and LCAs
11.6.3.1 The magnitude of change on LRs and LCAs are presented in Tables 11.10 and 11.11 below.
Table 11.10 Magnitude of Change on LRs
|
LR Code |
Name |
Land Use
Type* Impacting LR |
Approx. Area
of LR within RODP |
^Physical
extent of the impact (Small/ Medium/
Large) |
Compatibility
with Surrounding Landscape |
Duration of
Impact |
Reversibility
of Change |
Magnitude of
Change |
||||
|
#CON |
#OP |
CON |
OP |
CON |
OP |
CON |
OP |
|||||
|
LR1a |
Secondary
Woodland near Tai Ho Wan and Siu Ho Wan (32.8 ha) |
Nil |
N/A (0) |
N/A (0) |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
LR falls outside
the RODP boundary. The Project will have no impact on it in general. |
||||||||||||
|
LR1b |
Secondary Woodland near Kei Tau Kok (13.7ha) |
Nil |
N/A (0) |
N/A (0) |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
LR falls
outside the RODP boundary. The Project will have no impact on it in general. |
||||||||||||
|
LR1c |
Secondary Woodland along Yu Tung Road (13.9ha) |
Nil |
N/A (0) |
N/A (0) |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
LR falls
outside the RODP boundary. The Project will have no impact on it in general. |
||||||||||||
|
LR1d |
Secondary Woodland near New Tung Chung
Hang (10.3ha) |
Nil |
N/A (0) |
N/A (0) |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
LR falls
outside the RODP boundary. The Project will have no impact on it in general. |
||||||||||||
|
LR1e |
Secondary Woodland near Lung Tseng Tau (20.6ha) |
RS |
1.63ha |
Medium (1.44ha) |
Poor |
Poor |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Small |
Small |
|
Development of TCW and Service
Reservoirs will affect only 1.44ha of secondary woodland in this area. The new development is not compatible with
surrounding landscape but the area affected is a very small proportion of the
LR within the 500m Assessment Area.
The landscape impact is permanent after construction. The change is considered to be
irreversible. For the area to be affected, the magnitude of change is
considered to be Small. |
||||||||||||
|
LR1f |
Secondary Woodland near Shek Mun Kap (8.9ha) |
RS/G/CA/GB/Road |
4.86ha |
Medium (1.44ha) |
Fair |
Fair |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
|
The proposed river park in TCW and the
residential development to its south will affect the secondary woodland in
this area. The river park is compatible with surrounding landscape while the
new residential development is not. As the latter affects only a small proportion
(1.44ha) of the LR within the 500m Assessment Area, the overall compatibility
will be fair. The landscape impact is permanent after construction. The change is considered to be
irreversible. For the area to be affected, the magnitude of change is
considered to be Intermediate. |
||||||||||||
|
LR1g |
Secondary Woodland near San Keng (31.3ha) |
GB/ V |
1.50ha |
N/A (0) |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
A small
area of LR lies within the RODP boundary but will be preserved. The Project
will have no impact on it in general. |
||||||||||||
|
LR1h |
Secondary Woodland near Mok Ka (10.0ha) |
R4/ V/CA/AGR/GB |
3.89ha |
Small (0.03ha) |
Good |
Good |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Small |
Small |
|
The LR
affected falls primarily within areas zoned as V/CA/AGR/GB in the RODP and
these areas will be preserved with no development works inside. Near Nim
Yuen, the proposed presidential development (R4) barely encroached with the
edge of the LR and may cause a very small loss of the existing vegetation and
topography there. Therefore, the proposed use is compatible with surrounding
landscape. The landscape impact is permanent after construction. The change is considered to be
irreversible. For the area to be affected, the magnitude of change is
considered to be small. |
||||||||||||
|
LR1i |
Secondary Woodland near Ngau Au (38.4ha) |
V/CA/CPA/DO/GB |
4.04ha |
Small (0.29ha) |
Fair |
Fair |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Small |
Small |
|
The LR
affected falls primarily within areas zoned as V/CA/CPA/DO in the RODP and
will be preserved with no development works inside. A small proportion of the
LR lies in a “DO” zone near the Hau Wong Temple and the open space at Tung
Chung Bay, and the vegetation and topography there may be slightly affected
by the improvement works of that waterfront open space. In general, the proposed use is compatible
with surrounding landscape. The landscape impact is permanent after
construction. The change is considered
to be irreversible. For the area to be affected, the magnitude of change is
considered to be small. |
||||||||||||
|
LR1j |
Secondary Woodland near Ma Wan Hill (11.1ha) |
R2/G/DO/RO/V/Road |
8.96ha |
Large (3.06ha) |
Poor |
Poor |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Large |
Large |
|
The LR
affected falls primarily within areas zoned as RO/V in the RODP and will be preserved. A large
area of LR will be developed into residential development, road and
governmental (G) landuse. Therefore, the overall compatibility with
surrounding landscape is Poor. The landscape impact is permanent after construction. The change is considered to be
irreversible. For the area to be affected, the magnitude of change is
considered to be Large. |
||||||||||||
|
LR2a |
Shrubland/ Grassland near Tai Ho Wan and
Siu Ho Wan (102.2ha) |
Nil |
N/A (0) |
N/A (0) |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
LR falls
outside the RODP boundary and therefore the Project will have no impact on it
in general. |
||||||||||||
|
LR2b |
Shrubland/ Grassland near N. Lantau
Highway (51ha) |
Nil |
N/A (0) |
N/A (0) |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
LR falls
outside the RODP boundary and therefore the Project will have no impact on it
in general. |
||||||||||||
|
LR2c |
Shrubland/ Grassland near Yu Yung Road (28.4ha) |
Nil |
N/A (0) |
N/A (0) |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
LR falls
outside the RODP boundary and therefore the Project will have no impact on it
in general. |
||||||||||||
|
LR2d |
Shrubland/ Grassland near Tung Chung Road (66.3.ha) |
RS |
0.59ha |
Small (0.47ha) |
Poor |
Poor |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
|
The
proposed residential development in this area is not compatible with surrounding
landscape. The landscape impact is
permanent after construction. The
change is considered to be irreversible. As only a very small area of LR
within the 500m assessment area will be affected, the magnitude of change is
considered to be Intermediate. |
||||||||||||
|
LR2e |
Shrubland/ Grassland near San Keng (19.7ha) |
V |
0.15ha |
Small (0.15ha) |
Good |
Good |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
|
A limited
area of LR lies within area zoned “V” in the RODP and will be preserved. The landscape
impact is permanent after construction.
The change is considered to be irreversible. As only a very small area
of LR within the 500m assessment area will be affected, the magnitude of
change is considered to be Intermediate. |
||||||||||||
|
LR2f |
Shrubland/ Grassland near Mok Ka (45.8ha) |
R4/OU/V/AGR/GB |
4.82ha |
Small (1.78ha) |
Fair |
Fair |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
|
The LR
affected falls primarily within areas zoned as OU/V/AGR/GB in the RODP and
will be preserved. A limited extent of LR lies within area zoned “R4” in the
RODP and is not compatible with surrounding landscape. The overall
compatibility is fair. The landscape impact is permanent after construction. The change is considered to be
irreversible. As only a very small proportion of LR within the 500m
assessment area will be affected, the magnitude of change is considered to be
Intermediate. |
||||||||||||
|
LR2g |
Shrubland/ Grassland near Tung Hing (11.4a) |
Nil |
N/A (0) |
N/A (0) |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
LR falls
outside the RODP boundary and therefore the Project will have no impact on it
in general. |
||||||||||||
|
LR2h |
Shrubland/ Grassland near Ma Wan Hill (11.5ha) |
DO |
10.95ha |
Large (4.10ha) |
Fair |
Fair |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Large |
Large |
|
The
entire LR lies within the development of TCW Central Green zoned as “DO” in
the RODP and about 4.1ha of the LR will be directly affected and modified.
The overall compatibility with surrounding landscape is fair. The landscape
impact is permanent after construction.
The change is considered to be irreversible. The magnitude of change
is considered to be Large. |
||||||||||||
|
LR2i |
Shrubland/ Grassland near Scenic Hill (1.5ha) |
Nil |
N/A (0) |
N/A (0) |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
LR falls
outside the RODP boundary and therefore the Project will have no impact on it
in general. |
||||||||||||
|
LR3 |
Transitional
Waters (28.8ha) |
Nil |
23.6ha (0) |
N/A (0) |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
LR falls
outside the RODP boundary and therefore the Project will have no impact on it
in general. |
||||||||||||
|
LR4 |
Coastal Waters (505.8ha) |
RO/OU/C/R1/R2/R3/RS/G/DO/CDA/E |
124ha |
Large (124ha) |
Poor |
Poor |
Permanent |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Large |
Large |
|
Reclamation
of TCE and Road P1 Extension involve the entire coastal waters area within
the RODP to be lost. The new development is not compatible with surrounding landscape. The landscape impact is permanent and the
change is irreversible. For the large
extent of area to be affected, the magnitude of change is considered to be
large |
||||||||||||
|
LR5a |
Natural Streams and Rivers Length –
10.35km (approx.) |
CA/CPA/ Road |
Length – 3.1km (approx.) |
Small 0.28km (approx.) |
Poor |
Poor |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
|
Most of
the sections of natural watercourses area of Tung Chung Stream are zoned as
CA and CPA. A very limited part will be de-channelized which involves
construction works within the river.
The new development is not compatible with surrounding landscape. After construction the landscape impact is
permanent. The change is
irreversible. As a small extent of the
LR will be affected, the magnitude of change is considered to be medium. |
||||||||||||
|
LR5b |
Channelized Watercourse Length –
1.54km (approx.) |
Road |
Length –
0.15km (approx.) |
Medium 0.13km (approx.) |
Poor |
Poor |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
|
The channelized watercourse along Tung Chung
Road to the south of Yat Tung Estate falls outside the RODP. Some of the LR near Charles Vath College may be
affected. The new development is not
compatible with surrounding landscape.
After construction the landscape impact is permanent. The change is irreversible. A small extent of area will be affected,
and the magnitude of change is considered to be small. |
||||||||||||
|
LR6a |
Mudflats (14.2ha) |
Nil |
0.49ha |
N/A (0) |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
No
mudflat will be located inside the RODP boundary and therefore the Project
will have no impact on it in general. |
||||||||||||
|
LR6b |
Rocky Shore (0.5 ha) |
Nil |
0.02ha |
N/A (0) |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
No rocky
shore will be located inside the RODP boundary and therefore the Project will
have no impact on it in general. |
||||||||||||
|
LR7a |
Roads and
Urban Infrastructure (48ha) |
Nil |
0.96ha |
N/A (0) |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
This area
is located outside the RODP boundary and therefore the Project will have no
impact on it in general. |
||||||||||||
|
LR7b |
Major
Transport Corridor (72.1ha) |
Nil |
0.51ha |
N/A (0) |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
The Major
Transport Corridor Area is located outside the RODP boundary and therefore
the Project will have no impact on it in general. |
||||||||||||
|
LR8 |
Village Type Development (28.5ha) |
R3/R4/C/GIC/V/AGR/CPA/DO |
15.56ha |
Medium (3.39ha) |
Fair |
Fair |
Permanent |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
|
The
majority of the LR lies within areas zoned as “V” or “AGR” in the RODP. As the majority of the LR will be
preserved, the Development is considered to be quite compatible with
surrounding landscape. The landscape
impact is permanent after construction and the change is irreversible. The
magnitude of change is considered to be Intermediate. |
||||||||||||
|
LR9 |
Urbanised
Development (192ha) |
R3/G/E/DO |
9.11ha |
Small (3.77ha) |
Fair |
Fair |
Permanent |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
|
Development
of south west edge of TCE and southwest of Ma Wan Hill will lead to an impact
on a small extent of Urbanized Development within the 500m assessment
area. The new development appears to
be quite compatible with surrounding landscape. The landscape impact is permanent after
construction and the change is irreversible.
As only a very small proportion of LR within the 500m assessment area
will be affected, the magnitude of change is considered to be intermediate |
||||||||||||
|
LR10a |
Regenerated Grassland
of Abandoned Agricultural Land
(11.5ha) |
R3/R4/V/CA/OU/AGR |
11.20ha |
Large (6.78 ha) |
Poor |
Poor |
Permanent |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Large |
Large |
|
A large part of this LR falls within the
RODP of TCW and will be affected by sites designated for uses incompatible
with this LR, such as large residential areas and residential housing
areas. It is not compatible with
surrounding landscape. The landscape
impact is regarded to be permanent and the change is irreversible. For the large extent of area to be
affected, the overall magnitude of change is considered large. |
||||||||||||
|
LR10b |
Regenerated Freshwater
Marshes of Abandoned Agricultural Land (3.7ha) |
RS/GB/CA |
3.70ha |
Large (1.98 ha) |
Poor |
Poor |
Permanent |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Large |
Large |
|
A large part of this LR falls within the
RODP of TCW and will be affected by sites designated for uses incompatible
with this LR, such as large residential areas and residential housing areas.
It is not compatible with surrounding landscape. The landscape impact is regarded to be
permanent and the change is irreversible.
The overall magnitude of change is considered Large. |
||||||||||||
|
LR10c |
Active Agricultural Land (38.8ha) |
R3/R4/V/G/CPA/CA/GB/C/OU/AGR/DO |
33.03ha |
Large (19.9ha) |
Poor |
Poor |
Permanent |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Large |
Large |
|
A large part of this LR falls within the
RODP of TCW and will be affected by sites designated for uses incompatible
with this LR, such as large residential areas, residential housing areas and
landscaped area with stormwater attenuation
and treatment ponds. It is not compatible with surrounding
landscape. The landscape impact is
regarded to be permanent and the change is irreversible. For the large extent of area to be
affected, the overall magnitude of change is considered large. |
||||||||||||
|
LR11 |
Plantation (28.8ha) |
DO/R4 |
2.19ha |
Small (0.78ha) |
Good |
Good |
Permanent |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Small |
Small |
|
A small area of Plantation is located
within the RODP boundary in TCW near Chung Mun Road Sewage pumping
station. The majority is in Ma Wan
Hill area and will be preserved. Compatibility with surrounding landscape
will be good. The landscape impact is
regarded to be permanent and the change is irreversible. For the small extent to be affected, the
magnitude of change is considered to be small. |
||||||||||||
|
LR12 |
Fung Shui
Woodland (6.03ha) |
GB/CA/OU |
4.21ha |
Small (0.20ha) |
Good |
Good |
Permanent |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Small |
Small |
|
With the avoidance of landscape impacts by
zoning Fung Shui Woodland as “GB” or “CA”or “OU”. A negligible extent of Fung Shui Woodland
will be affected by the RODP of TCW for consideration of flood risk control
and road safety. For most parts,
compatibility with surrounding landscape will be good. The landscape impact is regarded to be
permanent and the change is irreversible.
For the small extent of area to be affected, the magnitude of change
is considered to be small. |
||||||||||||
|
LR13 |
Mangrove (5.6ha) |
Nil |
0.59ha |
N/A (0) |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
All mangrove area will not be affected by
the RODP of TCW. The area will be
zoned as Coastal Protection Area, which is compatible with surrounding
landscape. The landscape impact is
permanent and the change is irreversible.
For the small extent of area to be affected, the magnitude of change
will be small |
||||||||||||
|
LR14 |
Reedbed (1.1ha) |
R4 |
0.58ha |
N/A (0) |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
All reedbed area will not be directly
affected by the RODP of TCW. A small
area lies within an R4 zone in the RODP but will be preserved. |
||||||||||||
|
LR15 |
Artificial Sea
Wall (8.2ha) |
G/DO/RS/ Road |
2.57ha |
Large (2.57ha) |
Fair |
Fair |
Permanent |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
|
A large extent of Artificial Sea Wall Area
of will be encroached by the RODP of TCE.
The new development is quite compatible with surrounding
landscape. The landscape impact is
regarded to be permanent and the change is irreversible. For the large extent of area to be
affected, the magnitude of change is considered to be Intermediate. |
||||||||||||
*Land use type
impacting LR
·
RS – Residential
Special
·
R1 – Residential 1
·
R2 – Residential 2
·
R3 – Residential 3
·
R4 – Residential 4
·
C – Commercial
·
G – Government
·
E – Education
·
OU – Other Specified
Uses
·
IC – Institution
and Community
·
DO – District Open
Space
·
RO – Regional Open
Space
·
V – Village
Development Area
·
CA – Conservation
Area
·
CPA – Coastal
Protection Area
·
AGR – Agriculture
·
GB – Green Belt
·
A – Amenity
·
Nil or N/A– the
RODP footprint not affecting the LR
# CON –
Construction Stage
OP – Operation Stage
^ Large physical
extent of impact - >20% of total LR area within 500m assessment area
Medium physical extent of impact - 5 to 20 %
of total LR area within 500m assessment area
Small physical extent of impact - <5% of total
LR area within 500m assessment area
Table 11.11 Magnitude of Change on LCAs
|
LCA Code |
Name |
Land Use
Type* Impacting LCA |
Approx. Area
of LR within RODP |
Physical
extent of the impact (Small/ Medium/
Large) |
Compatibility
with Surrounding Landscape |
Duration of
Impact |
Reversibility
of Change |
Magnitude of
Change |
||||
|
CON |
OP |
CON |
OP |
CON |
OP |
CON |
OP |
|||||
|
LCA1 |
Inshore Water
Landscape (476.7ha) |
RO/OU/C/R1/R2/R3/RS/DO/E/G/CDA |
113.71ha |
Large (113.71ha) |
Poor |
Poor |
Permanent |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Large |
Large |
|
Large
extent of Inshore Water Landscape Area will be encroached by RODP of
TCE. The natural water resources will
be changed to artificial land development by reclamation. It is not compatible with surrounding
landscape. The landscape impact is
considered to be permanent and the change is irreversible. The magnitude of
change is regarded to be large. |
||||||||||||
|
LCA2 |
Strait
Landscape (51.2ha) |
Nil |
0.38ha |
N/A (0) |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
No Strait
Landscape Area will be affected by RODP of both TCE and TCW and therefore the
Project will have no impact on it. |
||||||||||||
|
LCA3 |
Inter-tidal
Coast Landscape (25.8ha) |
Nil |
0.4ha |
N/A (0) |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
No Inter-tidal
Coast Landscape Area will be directly affected
by RODP of both TCE and TCW and therefore the Project will have no impact on
it. |
||||||||||||
|
LCA4 |
Coastal Upland
and Hillside Landscape (112.3ha) |
GB/CA/AGR/DO/R2 |
28.40ha |
Medium (8.31ha) |
Poor |
Poor |
Permanent |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
|
8.31ha of
Coastal Upland and Hillside Landscape Area will be encroached by RODP of both
TCE and TCW and the Central Green of TCW.
It is incompatible with the surrounding landscape. The landscape impact is considered to be
permanent and the change is irreversible.
Since a medium proportion of the LCA within the 500m assessment area
will be affected, the magnitude of change is regarded to be intermediate. |
||||||||||||
|
LCA5 |
Settled Valley
Landscape Area (135.1ha) |
GB/V/AGR/CA/RS/OU |
4.96ha |
Small (3.35ha) |
Fair |
Fair |
Permanent |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Small |
Small |
|
Small
extent of Settled Valley Landscape Area will be affected by RODP of TCW and
the Services Reservoirs. It is quite compatible with surrounding
landscape. The
impact is regarded as permanent and the change is irreversible. Since a small
proportion of the LCA within the 500m assessment area will be affected, the
magnitude of change is considered to be small. |
||||||||||||
|
LCA6 |
Upland
Hillside Landscape Area (272.8ha) |
Nil |
N/A (0) |
Small (7.01ha) |
Fair |
Fair |
Permanent |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Small |
Small |
|
7.01ha of
LCA6 outside the ROPA will be affected by the construction of the Services
Reservoirs It involves site formation works, tree removal, cutting of slopes
and operation of construction works and leads to modification of landscape
character of LCA6. It would generate
negative landscape impacts due to the construction activities and loss of
vegetation cover. Since a small proportion of the LCA within the 500m
assessment area will be affected, the magnitude of change is considered to be
small. |
||||||||||||
|
LCA7a |
Reclamation/ On-going Major Development Landscape (32.8ha) |
G/Road/RODO/RS/ /OU/C |
6.13ha |
Medium (6.13ha) |
Good |
Good |
Permanent |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Small |
Small |
|
A medium
part of LCA will be encroached by the RODP of TCE. It is compatible with the surrounding
landscape as the adjacent reclaimed land is for development as well. After construction, the landscape impact is
considered to be permanent and the change is irreversible. Due to the medium proportion of the LCA
within the 500m assessment area affected and the good compatibility, the
magnitude of change is regarded to be small. |
||||||||||||
|
LCA7b |
On-going Major Development Landscape (9.7ha) |
Road |
1.32ha |
Medium (1.32ha) |
Good |
Good |
Permanent |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Small |
Small |
|
A medium
part of LCA along Chung Mun Road will be encroached by the RODP of TCW. It is compatible with the surrounding
landscape as the road will be retained for the most part with minor
modification such as the addition of a roundabout. After construction, the landscape impact is
considered to be permanent and the change is irreversible. The magnitude of change is regarded to be
small. |
||||||||||||
|
LCA8 |
Transportation
Corridor Landscape (177.6ha) |
Road/OU |
2.37ha |
Small (2.37ha) |
Good |
Good |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Reversible |
Irreversible |
Small |
Small |
|
LCA8 on
North Lantau Highway adjoining the RODP of TCE will be affected. Temporary
traffic diversion will possibly be needed in the construction phase. As the
land use remain the same (road) before and after the development,
compatibility will be good. After construction, the landscape impact is
considered to be permanent and the change is irreversible. Due to the small
proportion of the LCA within the 500m assessment area affected and the good
compatibility, the magnitude of change is regarded to be small. |
||||||||||||
|
LCA9 |
Mixed Modern
Comprehensive Urban Development Landscape (87.7ha) |
Nil |
N/A (0) |
N/A (0) |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
No Mixed
Modern Comprehensive Urban Development Landscape Area will be affected by
RODP of both TCW and TCE and therefore the Project will have no impact on it. |
||||||||||||
|
LCA10a |
Urban Peripheral Village Landscape (25.6ha) |
C/G/IC/DO/RO/R3/V/ /CPA |
23.6ha |
Large (6ha) |
Fair |
Fair |
Permanent |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
|
The
majority of the LCA lies within areas zoned as “V” in the RODP and will be
preserved with no development works inside. Near the Hau Wong Temple in Tung
Chung Bay, the LCA encroaches with “C”, “G” “CPA” in the RODP. To the west of
Yat Tung Estate near Tung Chung Bay, the LCA encroaches with “R3”,“DO’, “RO”
in the RODP and impact will result from the construction works and some loss
of the existing vegetation. As the majority of the LCA will be preserved, the
overall compatibility with surrounding landscape is fair. The landscape impact is permanent after
construction and the change is irreversible. The magnitude of change is
considered to be Intermediate. |
||||||||||||
|
LCA10b |
Miscellaneous Rural Fringe Landscape (66.9ha) |
R3/R4/V/G/CPA/CA/GB/C/OU/DO/AGR |
62.43ha |
Large (32.11ha) |
Poor |
Poor |
Permanent |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Large |
Large |
|
Large
part of LCA will be affected by RODP of TCW, The area will be encroached by
low-rise to high rise residential developments. It is fairly compatible with surrounding
landscape. The duration of landscape
impact will be permanent as it is related to structural development and
permanent change of land use. The
change is regarded to be irreversible. The magnitude of change is considered
to be large. |
||||||||||||
|
LCA10c |
Rural Township Landscape (15ha) |
Nil |
N/A (0) |
N/A (0) |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
No part
of the LCA will be affected by RODP and therefore the Project will have no
impact on it. |
||||||||||||
|
LCA 11 |
Airport
Landscape (2.2ha) |
Nil |
N/A (0) |
N/A (0) |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
No
Airport Landscape Area will be affected by RODP of both TCW and TCE and
therefore the Project will have no impact on it. |
||||||||||||
|
LCA 12 |
Institutional Landscape Area (20.5ha) |
Nil |
N/A (0) |
N/A (0) |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
No part
of the LCA will be affected by RODP of both TCW and TCE and therefore the
Project will have no impact on it. |
||||||||||||
|
LCA 13 |
Residential Urban Landscape (19.3ha) |
Nil |
N/A (0) |
N/A (0) |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
No part
of the LCA will be affected by RODP of both TCW and TCE and therefore the
Project will have no impact on it. |
||||||||||||
*Land use type impacting
LCA
·
RS – Residential
Special
·
R1 – Residential 1
·
R2 – Residential 2
·
R3 – Residential 3
·
R4 – Residential 4
·
C – Commercial
·
G – Government
·
E – Education
·
OU – Other
Specified Uses
·
IC – Institution
and Community
·
DO – District Open
Space
·
RO – Regional Open
Space
·
V – Village
Development Area
·
CA – Conservation
Area
·
CPA – Coastal
Protection Area
·
AGR – Agriculture
·
GB – Green Belt
·
A – Amenity
·
Nil or N/A– the
RODP footprint not affecting the LCA
# CON –
Construction Stage
OP – Operation Stage
^ Large physical
extent of impact - >20% of total LCA area within 500m assessment area
Medium physical extent of impact - 5 to 20 %
of total LCA area within 500m assessment area
Small physical extent of impact - <5 % of total
LCA area within 500m assessment area
11.6.4 11.6.4.7Significance of Landscape Impacts Before Mitigation
11.6.4.1 The potential significance of landscape impacts during the construction and operational phases, before mitigation, is provided in Tables 11.12 and 11.13 below. The assessment follows the methodology proposed in Section 11.3 and the matrix provided in Table 11.1.
Table 11.12 Significance of Impacts on LRs before Mitigation
|
LR
Code |
Name |
LR
Sensitivity (High/ Medium/ Low) |
Magnitude
of Change (Large/ Intermediate/ Small/ Negligible) |
Impact
Significance BEFORE Mitigation (Substantial/ Moderate/ Slight/ Insignificant) |
|
||
|
Con |
Op |
Con |
Op |
|
|||
|
LR1a |
Secondary Woodland near Tai Ho Wan and Siu Ho Wan |
High |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
|
LR1b |
Secondary
Woodland near Kei Tau Kok |
High |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
|
LR1c |
Secondary
Woodland along Yu Tung Road |
High |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
|
LR1d |
Secondary Woodland
near New Tung Chung Hang |
High |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
|
LR1e |
Secondary
Woodland near Lung Tseng Tau |
High |
Small |
Small |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
|
LR1f |
Secondary
Woodland near Shek Mun Kap |
High |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
|
LR1g |
Secondary
Woodland near San Keng |
High |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
|
LR1h |
Secondary
Woodland near Mok Ka |
High |
Small |
Small |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
|
LR1i |
Secondary
Woodland near Ngau Au |
High |
Small |
Small |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
|
LR1j |
Secondary
Woodland near Ma Wan Hill |
High |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
|
|
LR2a |
Shrubland/
Grassland near Tai Ho Wan and Siu Ho Wan |
Medium |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
|
LR2b |
Shrubland/
Grassland near N. Lantau Highway |
High |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
|
LR2c |
Shrubland/
Grassland near Yu Yung Road |
Medium |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
|
LR2d |
Shrubland/ Grassland
near Tung Chung Road |
Medium |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
|
LR2e |
Shrubland/
Grassland near San Keng |
High |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
|
LR2f |
Shrubland/
Grassland near Mok Ka |
High |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
|
LR2g |
Shrubland/
Grassland near Tung Hing |
High |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
|
LR2h |
Shrubland/
Grassland near Ma Wan Hill |
Medium |
Large |
Large |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
|
LR2i |
Shrubland/
Grassland near Scenic Hill |
Medium |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
|
LR3 |
Transitional Waters |
High |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
|
LR4 |
Coastal Waters |
Medium |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
|
|
LR5a |
Natural
Streams and Rivers |
High |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
|
LR5b |
Channelized
Watercourse |
Medium |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
|
LR6a |
Mudflats |
High |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
|
LR6b |
Rocky Shore |
High |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
|
LR7a |
Roads and Urban Infrastructure Area |
Low |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
|
LR7b |
Major Transport Corridor Area |
Low |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
|
LR8 |
Village Type
Development |
Medium |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
|
LR9 |
Urbanised Development |
Low |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Slight |
Slight |
|
|
LR10a |
Regenerated Grassland of Abandoned Agricultural Land |
Medium |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
|
|
LR10b |
Regenerated Freshwater
Marshes of Abandoned Agricultural Land |
High |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
|
|
LR10c |
Active Agricultural Land |
High |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
|
|
LR11 |
Plantation |
Medium |
Small |
Small |
Slight |
Slight |
|
|
LR12 |
Fung Shui Woodland |
High |
Small |
Small |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
|
LR13 |
Mangrove |
High |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
|
LR14 |
Reedbed |
High |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
|
LR15 |
Artificial Sea Wall |
Low |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Slight |
Slight |
|
*N/A – As the
footprint RODP will not lie on the LR, the related LR will not be affected.
# CON –
Construction Stage
OP – Operation Stage
Significance
of Impacts on LRs before Mitigation
11.6.4.2 In summary for LRs, substantial adverse impacts are predicted at LR1j Secondary Woodland near Ma Wan Hill where part of a natural LR will be transformed into an artificial development, construction for LR4 Coastal Waters for area of 124 ha at TCE which will transform from a natural LR to an artificial development by reclamation and with tall buildings; and LR10a, 10b, 10c Agricultural Land a large extent of which will be developed into residential developments. These impacts are predicted to remain substantially adverse at operation prior to mitigation.
11.6.4.3 A larger extent of area on LR10a, 10b and 10c Agricultural Land will be developed in TCW. The overall sensitivity of this LR is considered to be ‘High’ within the landscape setting, and the proposals will replace a large proportion of this LR with urban development. In addition, this LR incorporates undeveloped land, woodland and other vegetation cover which contributes to the rural character of the valley. In this case, adverse impacts will be generated as a result of the direct loss of the LR. There impacts are predicted to remain substantially adverse at operation for all these LRs.
11.6.4.4 The LRs which are predicted to experience moderate adverse impacts at construction before mitigation are: LR1e, 1f, 1h, 1i; LR2d, 2e, 2f, 2h; LR5a, 5b; LR8; and LR12.
11.6.4.5 In TCW, proposals to the east of Yat Tung Estate will involve the removal of LR1j and LR2h associated with Ma Wan Hill to form the development platforms and access roads. As a result of the direct loss of this high value and sensitive natural resources, adverse impacts will be generated.
11.6.4.6 Development proposal on the periphery of the agricultural land within the valley, interfacing with the lower hillside slopes will affect LR1e, 1f, 1h, 1i; and LR2d, 2e, 2f. In this case adverse impacts will be generated as a result of the loss of these natural resources, especially in close proximity to the Country Park boundary.
11.6.4.7 The remaining LRs will all experience slight adverse impacts or insignificant impacts at construction and operation, with the exception of LR1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1g; LR2a, 2b, 2c, 2g, 2i; LR3; LR6a, 6b; LR7a, 7b; LR13 and LR14 where the LRs will not be affected by the development schemes.
Impacts on Tree identified
after Broad Tree Survey
11.6.4.8
The Broad Tree Survey has identified 7
nos. potentially registrable OVTs within the boundary of RODP. 3 nos. of them
are located near the Fung Shui Woodlands on Shek Mun Kap Road, 1 to the south
of Mok Ka Village, and 1 to the northeast of Hau Wong Temple in Tung Chung Bay.
These are not in direct conflict with the proposed development and could be preserved
in-situ. The remaining 2 nos. potential OVTs are located west of Tung Chung
Stream near YMCA of Hong Kong Christian College, and to the south of Hau Wong
Temple in Tung Chung Bay near Chung Mun Road. Both of them lie within the
extent of proposed residential development and landscaped area with stormwater
attenuation and treatment ponds in the RODP, and could be preserved by
retaining in-situ, its feasibility subject to further study in later stage.
Table 11.13 Significance of Impacts on LCAs before Mitigation
|
LCA Code |
Name |
LCA Sensitivity
(High/ Medium/ Low) |
Magnitude of
Change (Large/ Intermediate/ Small/ Negligible |
Impact
Significance BEFORE Mitigation (Substantial/ Moderate/ Slight/
Insignificant) |
||
|
Con |
Op |
Con |
Op |
|||
|
LCA1 |
Inshore Water
Landscape Area |
Medium |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
|
LCA2 |
Strait
Landscape Area |
Medium |
*N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
LCA3 |
Inter-tidal
Coast Landscape Area |
High |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
LCA4 |
Coastal Upland
and Hillside Landscape Area |
High |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Substantial |
Substantial |
|
LCA5 |
Settled Valley
Landscape Area |
High |
Small |
Small |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
LCA6 |
Upland
Hillside Landscape Area |
High |
Small |
Small |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
LCA7a |
Reclamation/
On-going Major Development Landscape Area |
Low |
Small |
Small |
Slight |
Slight |
|
LCA7b |
On-going Major
Development Landscape Area |
Low |
Small |
Small |
Slight |
Slight |
|
LCA8 |
Transportation
Corridor Landscape Area |
Low |
Small |
Small |
Slight |
Slight |
|
LCA9 |
Mixed Modern
Comprehensive |
Low |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
LCA10a |
Urban
Peripheral Village Landscape
Area |
Medium |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
LCA10b |
Miscellaneous Rural
Fringe Landscape
Area |
High |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
|
LCA10c |
Rural
Township Landscape
Area |
Medium |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
LCA11 |
Airport
Landscape Area |
Low |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
LCA12 |
Institutional
Landscape Area |
Medium |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
|
LCA13 |
Residential
Urban Landscape Area |
Low |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
N/A |
*N/A – As the footprint RODP will not lie in
the LCA, the related LCA will not be affected.
# Construction Stage;
OP – Operation Stage.
Significance
of Impacts on LCAs before Mitigation
11.6.4.9 Construction of a marina with about 95 berths at the PDA at TCE will lead to a change in landscape character with a loss of LCA1 Inshore Water Landscape; A large extent of farmland in LCA10b Miscellaneous Rural Fringe Landscape will be changed into residential development with artificial character.
11.6.4.10 In summary for the LCAs, substantially adverse impacts are predicted at construction and operation before mitigation for LCA1 Inshore Water Landscape, LCA4 Coastal Upland and Hillside Landscape and LCA10b Miscellaneous Rural Fringe Landscape.
11.6.4.11 LCA5 Settled Valley Landscape, LCA6 Upland Hillside Landscape and LCA10a Urban Peripheral Village Landscape will experience moderate adverse impacts during construction and operation, mainly due to a relatively large area of land to be affected by the Project or the high sensitivity of the LCA.
11.6.4.12 The remaining LCAs are all expected to experience slight adverse impacts at construction and operation, except the LCA2 Strait Landscape, LCA9 Mixed Modern Comprehensive Urban Development Landscape, LCA10c Rural Township Landscape, LCA11 Airport Landscape, LCA12 Institutional Landscape and LCA13 Residential Urban Landscape which are not affected by the development schemes.
11.7
Landscape and Visual Mitigation Measures
11.7.1 General
11.7.1.1 The proposed mitigation
measures for the Project are described in the following section. Since the
Project planning stage, many factors should be considered to avoid, reduce and
help compensate for the potential landscape and visual impact of the
development area. The proposed layout, scale, massing and height profile of the
preferred option has undergone numerous design iterations to investigate the
capacity of the receiving landscape in terms of potential landscape and visual
impacts and respond to the existing site constraints. Where practical the development layout has avoided
existing landscape resources so that they will form part of the future scheme. To
avoid the creation of a visually monotonous wall of development, the proposed
layout has incorporated building separation, sensitive building design, height
variations, view corridors and comprehensive open space provision within the
scheme. These measures ensure a level of
visual permeability is retained through the development and visual connections
to the surrounding landscape.
11.7.2 Avoidance of Landscape Impact
Conserving Natural Coastal
Area and Tung Chung Stream
11.7.2.1 In order to conserve the
ecological integrity of Tung Chung Stream and its estuary, which are rich in
ecological diversity, it is proposed to set up an about 30m buffer zone as Coastal
Protection Area (CPA) along the coast line of Tung Chung Bay. Besides, Conservation Area (CA) has been set
up along both sides of the two main branches and the joined outlet section of
Tung Chung Stream, and about 20-30m buffer zone as CA as well along the major
tributary of Tung Chung Stream at Ngau Au (see Figure 11.1b). All these proposed CPA and
CA would constitute a total area of approximately 15ha along a total length of
about 4km. Once these CPA and CA are zoned under the relevant OZP, any
activities that are not favourable to the environment are prohibited and would therefore
provide an environmental benefit to conserve the landscape conditions. The
highly sensitive LRs and LCAs along Tung Chung Stream can be preserved to avoid
adverse landscape and visual impact.
Preserving Potentially
Registrable OVTs
11.7.2.2 Regarding to the ETWB
TCW No. 10/2013, during planning or early design stage, a tree survey should be
carried out within and, if appropriate, adjacent to the site in order to
identify trees or tree groups with high conservation or amenity value that
deserve to be retained. In particular, the following types of trees should be
identified for priority preservation: (i) Trees included in the Register of Old
and Valuable Trees under ETWB TCW No. 29/2004; or (ii) Trees potentially
registrable in accordance with the criteria for Old and Valuable Trees (OVT) as
set out in ETWB TCW No. 29/2004. Further to the broad tree survey work, a total
number of 7 potentially registrable Old and Valuable Tree (OVTs) are found
within the comprehensive development area during the Broad Tree Survey.
Physical encroachment by the development on these potential OVTs will be
avoided and should be preserved at their existing locations, and their removal
should be prohibited except under very special circumstances with full
justifications.
Minimizing Impact on Fung
Shui Woods
11.7.2.3 The ecological survey has
also identified a number of patches of Fung Shui Woods in the vicinity of
existing villages. The total area of
these Fung Shui Woods is 6.03ha. With
high diversity in valuable plant species, Fung Shui Woods are regarded to have
high landscape and visual value as well.
In the RODP of TCW, except for the location where flood risk control and
road safety are issues, these Fung Shui Woodlands are zoned as “GB” or “CA” as
much as possible. For
those Fung Shui Woodland that cannot be avoided, compensation woodland planting
and restoration is proposed to alleviate the impact. Given the nature of this
new town extension, it is proposed to implementing restoration at off-site
location. The
current location is the areas adjoining the woodlands near the existing
services reservoirs. Beyond
the RODP, efforts have been expedited to identify locations that would be
suitable for woodland compensation. After considering a number of requirements
such as the existing vegetation cover, the accessibility for planting and
future maintenance, it is considered that the areas adjoin the woodlands near
the existing services reservoirs would be a suitable location. The advantage of
this location is that there are existing woodlands immediately downhill to the
location, planting new woodland areas would form an ecological linkage and
hence help to enhance the biodiversity and form a better landscape resource.
With the above measures, the adverse impact on the Fung Shui Woodland can be reduced.
Services Reservoirs
Constructed near Existing Service Reservoir
11.7.2.4 In order to cater for the need of water supply, both flushing and fresh water, for the proposed landuses in TCE and TCW, engineering studies have confirmed the need for 2 services reservoirs, comprising a total volume of 66,000m3. In order to minimize the construction works areas and hence the associated landscape and visual impact, these two new service reservoirs are designated to locate near the existing service reservoir. In this way, the existing access road can be utilized without modification. Any unnecessary works e.g. slope works can therefore be minimized.
11.7.3 Mitigation Measures for Construction and Operational Stage
11.7.3.1 During the construction and
operational phase, the mitigation measures listed in Table 11.14 below should be considered to address any potential
residual adverse landscape and visual impacts. Mitigation Measures Plans (Figures
11.5a to 11.5bb) show the indicative location
of implementation of these mitigation measures in the conceptual LMP.
Table 11.14 Mitigation Measures for Construction and Operational Phase
|
Mitigation Measure Code |
Summary Description |
Mitigate Landscape Impacts |
Mitigate Visual Impacts |
|
Construction Phase |
|||
|
MM1 |
Optimization
of Construction Areas & Providing Temporary Landscape on Temporary
Construction |
√ |
√ |
|
MM2 |
Minimize Topographical Changes |
√ |
√ |
|
MM3 |
Preservation
of Potentially Registerable OVTs, Rare and Protective Vegetation |
√ |
|
|
MM4 |
Transplanting of Existing Trees |
√ |
|
|
MM5 |
Screen Hoarding |
|
√ |
|
MM6 |
Adopting Non-dredge Method for the Reclamation |
√ |
|
|
MM7 |
Protection of Natural Rivers and Streams |
√ |
|
|
MM8 |
Preservation of Natural Coastline |
√ |
|
|
MM9 |
Providing Natural Rock Material/ Planting for Artificial Seawall |
√ |
√ |
|
Operational Phase |
|||
|
MM10 |
Compensatory Planting |
√ |
|
|
MM11 |
Woodland Restoration |
√ |
|
|
MM12 |
Screen Planting |
√ |
√ |
|
MM13 |
Roadside Planting |
√ |
√ |
|
MM14 |
Aesthetic Design of Built Development |
√ |
√ |
|
MM15 |
Maximise Greening on Structures |
√ |
√ |
|
MM16 |
Noise Barrier Design |
|
√ |
|
MM17 |
Landscape Treatment for Polders & Stormwater Attenuation and Treatment Ponds |
√ |
√ |
|
Construction Phase
& Operation Phase |
|||
|
MM18 |
Landscaping on Slopes |
√ |
√ |
|
MM19 |
Landscape Treatment on Channelized Watercourses |
√ |
√ |
|
MM20 |
Lighting Control |
|
√ |
Table 11.15 Responsibility Matrix
|
Code |
Capital Funding Agency |
Implementation Agency |
Post-Construction Management Agency |
Post-Construction Maintenance Agency |
|
MM1 |
Government / Private Sector |
Relevant Government Departments / Private
Sector |
N/A |
N/A |
|
MM2 |
Government / Private Sector |
Relevant Government Departments / Private
Sector |
N/A |
N/A |
|
MM3 |
Government / Private Sector |
Relevant Government Departments / Private
Sector |
N/A |
N/A |
|
MM4 |
Government / Private Sector |
Relevant Government Departments / Private
Sector |
Government(within public area)/
Private Sector (within private development area) |
Government/ Private Sector |
|
MM5 |
Government / Private Sector |
Relevant Government Departments / Private
Sector |
N/A |
N/A |
|
MM6 |
Relevant Government Departments |
Relevant Government Departments / Private
Sector |
Relevant Government Departments |
Government |
|
MM7 |
Relevant Government Departments |
Relevant Government Departments / Private
Sector |
Government(within public area) / Private Sector (within private development area) |
Government/ Private Sector |
|
MM8 |
Government / Private Sector |
Relevant Government Departments |
N/A |
N/A |
|
MM9 |
Relevant Government Departments |
Relevant Government Departments |
Relevant Government Departments |
Government |
|
MM10 |
Relevant Government Departments |
Relevant Government Departments / Private
Sector |
Government(within public area) / Private Sector (within private development area) |
Government/ Private Sector |
|
MM11 |
CEDD/HKI&I |
CEDD / AFCD |
Relevant Government Departments |
Relevant Government Departments |
|
MM12 |
Government / Private Sector |
Relevant Government Departments |
Government(within public area) / Private Sector (within private development area) |
Government/ Private Sector |
|
MM13 |
CEDD/HKI&I |
CEDD |
TD |
HyD (within boundary of expressways) /
LCSD (along non-expressways public roads outside country park) |
|
MM14 |
Relevant Government Departments |
Relevant Government Departments |
Government (within
GIC/Commercial area and Road infrastructures) |
Government |
|
MM15 |
Relevant Government Departments |
Relevant Government Departments |
Relevant Government Departments |
Relevant Government Departments |
|
MM16 |
CEDD/HKI&I |
CEDD |
HyD |
HyD |
|
MM17 |
CEDD/HKI&I |
DSD |
DSD |
DSD |
|
MM18 |
CEDD/HKI&I |
Relevant Government Departments |
CEDD/HKI&I |
CEDD/HKI&I |
|
MM19 |
CEDD/HKI&I |
Relevant Government Departments |
DSD |
DSD |
|
MM20 |
Relevant Government Departments / Private Sector |
Relevant Government Departments / Private Sector |
Relevant Government Departments / Private Sector |
Relevant Government Departments / Private Sector |
11.7.3.2 MM1 Optimisation of Construction Areas & Providing Temporary
Landscape on Temporary Construction: Construction areas’ control shall be
enforced, where possible, to ensure that the landscape and visual impacts
arising from the construction activities are minimised. It includes reduction of the extent of
working areas and temporary works areas, management on storing and using the
construction equipment and materials, and consideration of detailed schedules
to shorten the construction period. Temporary landscape treatments are
considered to be adopted such as applying hydro-seeding on temporary stockpiles
and reclamation areas to alleviate the potential impacts.
11.7.3.3 MM2 Minimize Topographical Changes: The footprint of construction elements
and temporary works areas should be optimised to reduce topographical/ landform
changes, as well as reduce land take and interference with natural terrain.
Where there is a need to significantly cut into the existing landform,
retaining walls and cut slopes should be considered as appropriate. To minimize
landform changes and land resumption, earthworks and engineered slopes should
be designed to be a visually interesting, compatible with the surrounding
landscape and to mimic the natural contouring and terrain as appropriate e.g.
introduction and continuation of natural features such as spurs and ridges
where appropriate, to support assimilation with the hillside setting. Landscape reinstatement of
disturbed existing topography should match adjacent area and condition.
11.7.3.4 MM3 Preservation of Potentially Registerable OVTs, Rare and Protective
Vegetation:
Exiting trees to be retained within the Project Site should be carefully
protected during construction. In particular Potentially Registerable OVTs are
considered to be preserved according to ETWB Technical Circular (Works) No.
29/2004. Rare and Protective Vegetation shall be protected following Forestry
Regulations (Cap.96) and Protection of Endangered Species of Animals and Plants
Ordinance (Cap.586). Detailed Tree Protection Specification shall be provided
in the Contract Specification according to DEVB TCW No. 10/2013 Tree Preservation.
Following DEVB (GLTM) Guidelines for Tree Preservation during Development, the Contractor shall be
required to submit, for approval, a detailed working method statement for the
protection of trees prior to undertaking any works adjacent to all retained
trees, including trees in contractor’s works areas. A detailed tree survey will be carried out
for the Tree Removal Application (TRA) process which will be carried out at the
later detailed design stage of the Project. The detailed tree survey will
propose which trees should be retained, transplanted or felled and will include
details of tree protection measures for those trees to be retained.
11.7.3.5 MM4 Transplanting of Existing Trees: Trees unavoidably affected by the
Project works should be transplanted where practical. Trees should be
transplanted straight to their final receptor locations within the site and not
held in a temporary nursery as far as possible. A detailed Tree Transplanting
Specification shall be provided in the Contract Specification, where
applicable. Sufficient time for necessary tree root and crown preparation
periods shall be allowed in the project programme. A detailed transplanting
proposal will be submitted to relevant government departments for approval in
accordance with DEVB TCW 10/2013 and LAO PN 7/2007 and final locations of
transplanted trees should be agreed prior to commencement of the work. For
trees associated with highways e.g. roadside planting along highways, that are
unavoidably affected and should be transplanted. HyD HQ/GN/13 ‘Interim
Guidelines for Tree Transplanting Works under Highways Department's Vegetation
Maintenance Ambit’ should be referred to.
11.7.3.6 MM5 Screen Hoarding: To reduce negative visual impact, construction site hoarding should
be erected around the site to screen pedestrian level views into the
construction area from visual sensitive receivers. Hoarding design should
consider greening measures such as colour variations or plantation, and should
be adopted to improve its visual appearance. Reference images of the typical
design have been shown in Figure 11.8a.
11.7.3.7 MM6 Adopting Non-dredge Method for the Reclamation: In order to minimize the
potential adverse impacts caused by the reclamation, a number of alternative
construction methodologies has been critically examined. After considering all
the options such as fully dredged, partially dredged and non-dredged methods
for seawall construction and reclamation, non-dredged method for both the seawall
construction and reclamation are recommended so as to minimize the generation
of dredged sediment.
11.7.3.8 MM7 Protection of Natural Rivers and Streams: For all the natural rivers
and streams inside the development area, in accordance with ETWB TCW 5/2005, consideration
of protection measures should be made to minimize any impacts from the
construction works, especially those development near Tung Chung Stream.
According to the latest RODP, an about 30m buffer zone will be zoned as “CA”.
Precast structures or other similar approaches will be used to prevent any
construction works in river and thus to avoid any direct water quality impact.
Good site management as stipulated in ProPECC PN1/94 will be fully implemented
to avoid polluted liquid or solid wastes from falling into the river waters.
11.7.3.9 MM8 Preservation of Natural Coastline: The natural coastline along the
proposed “RO” of the RODP in TCW should be preserved. The remaining natural shorelines in Tung Chung Bay
including sandy shores close to the Tung Chung old pier will be conserved as a
Waterfront Park according to the latest RODP.
11.7.3.10 MM9 Providing Natural Rock Material/ Planting for Artificial Seawall: There would be inevitable
permanent losses of marine waters (seabed and water column), and direct impacts
on existing artificial seawalls due to the reclamation. To minimize the
impacts, the design of the future seawall like ‘eco-shoreline’ could be
improved to provide high ecological functions and mitigate the impact of the
loss. An ‘eco-shoreline’ is any shoreline which provides beneficial functions
to the local ecosystem through a range of active or passive solutions, whilst
providing coastal protection. By means of using natural rock materials for artificial
seawall and considering to introduce a native vegetation buffer directly behind
the top of seawalls as appropriate to create habitat, shelter and a source of
food for benefiting both terrestrial and aquatic species along the foreshore, these
measures can help to enhance the ecological functions and ‘natural-look’ of the
shoreline, and the potential impacts will be mitigated.
11.7.3.11 MM10 Compensatory Planting: Compensatory planting for felled trees shall be provided to the
satisfaction of relevant Government departments. Required numbers and locations
of compensatory trees shall be determined and agreed separately with Government
during the Tree Removal Application process under DEVB TCW No. 10/2013 and LAO
PN 7/2007. The location of compensatory planting is proposed at the potential
open areas such as open spaces, amenity areas, open areas of the streetscapes
including roadside planting, as well as the open areas within development lots.
In addition, compensatory planting for shrubs should be considered in suitable
locations. The species to be planted should be all native species, taken
“Characteristics of Major Local Tree Species Propagated by AFCD” as a
reference. A search of species to be planted will be conducted in a further
detailed stage.
11.7.3.12 MM11 Woodland Restoration: A search of area to mitigate the loss of woodland has been conducted.
Priority has been given to the practicability of compensation of woodland
within the boundary of RODP. Given the nature of the project is to provide
development opportunities to satisfy the needs for the society in general and
the aspirations of local communities, compensation of woodland is only possible
for the areas beyond the RODP. After considering a number of requirements such
as the existing vegetation cover, the accessibility for planting and future
maintenance, and the ecological linkage with other existing habitats after the
compensation wetland is established, it is considered that the areas adjoining
the woodlands near the existing services reservoirs, and hillsides to the east
of Tung Chung Road, would be
suitable locations. The advantage of these locations is that there are existing woodlands
immediately downhill to the location and the Sheung Ling Pei Fung Shui Wood is
further downhill behind Sheung Ling Pei Village, planting new woodland areas
adjoining existing woodlands would form an ecological linkage and increase the
overall habitat size, and hence would help to enhance the ecological and landscape
values in the long run. It is noted that the compensation trees for landscape
impacts will also be planted near the future service reservoirs. The
feasibility of commencing woodland compensation planting as soon as practicable
should be considered. The tree species to be planted should be all native
species for woodland compensation, and the two areas uphill to Sheung Ling Pei
should also make reference to the existing tree species reported in FSW
habitat.
11.7.3.13 MM12 Screen Planting: Tall screen/buffer trees and shrubs should be planted to screen
proposed buildings and other structures where appropriate. This measure will
form part of the compensatory planting and will improve compatibility with the
surrounding environment and create a pleasant pedestrian environment.
11.7.3.14 MM13 Roadside planting: Roadside greening is proposed alongside all roads within the possible
developments. It will enhance local identity, if theme planting is used, and
reduce visual impact through screening. At-grade road planting should be
considered along central dividers and on road islands e.g. in the middle of
roundabouts. HQ/GN/15 - Guidelines for Greening Works along Highways should be
referred to for greening of highways specifically.
11.7.3.15 MM14 Aesthetic Design of Built Development: The planning of the revised RODP has
considered reducing potential visual impacts, enhancing visual amenity and
keeping visual corridors. The proposed development will ensure the building
massing is compatible with its surroundings. To improve visual amenity, natural
building materials could be used on building facades. For example, stone and
timber should be considered for architectural features; light earthy tone
colours such as shades of green, shades of grey, shades of brown and off-white
should be considered for the façade treatment to reduce the visibility of the
development components. The form, textures, finishes and colours of the
proposed development components should aim to be compatible with the existing
surroundings. It would only be implemented for public developments/projects.
11.7.3.16 MM15 Maximise Greening on Structures: The Government has been actively
promoting greening in buildings and structures such as bridges to improve the
environment. This includes actively implementing rooftop greening or vertical
greening, as where practicable to enhance the cityscape and mitigate the heat
island effect in urban areas. For the new built forms in TCW and TCE, it is
considered the implementation of the following greening measures could
alleviate the landscape and visual impacts of new development and help the
development blend in with its surrounding landscape:
·
Sky Garden: Refuge floors or voids in
building mass formed by partial removal of floor plates on certain building
storeys or provision of freed up areas on certain building storeys provide
opportunities for sky gardens for the proposed built development. It can allow views through the development to
the background formed by the natural hillsides and enhance the visual amenity
effectively. For public developments, relevant technical document Technical
Circular (Works) No. 3/2012 Site Coverage of Greenery for Government Building
Projects by Development Bureau in 2011 shall be referred to. For
private developments, it is only applicable to sites with inadequate greening
coverage and should be implemented in accordance with Sustainable Building
Design Guidelines PNAP APP-152.
·
Green Roof: The Architectural Services
Department completed the Study on Green Roof Application in Hong Kong in 2007
which reviewed the latest concepts and design technology of green roof and
recommended technical guidelines suitable for application in Hong Kong. The study will be
taken into account to the new buildings to be built in TCW and TCE. Landscape and visual impact can be alleviated
and the landscape and visual value can be enhanced. For private development, it
is only applicable to sites with inadequate greening coverage and should be
implemented in accordance with Sustainable Building Design Guidelines PNAP
APP-152. Relevant technical document Technical Circular (Works) No. 3/2012 Site
Coverage of Greenery for Government Building Projects by Development Bureau in
2011 shall be reference. For public developments, relevant technical document
Technical Circular (Works) No. 3/2012 Site Coverage of Greenery for Government
Building Projects by Development Bureau in 2011 shall be referred to. For
private developments, it is only applicable to sites with inadequate greening
coverage and should be implemented in accordance with Sustainable Building
Design Guidelines PNAP APP-152.
·
Vertical Green: Planting of climbers to grow
up vertical surfaces where appropriate (e.g. building edges), to soften hard
structures and facilities. Relevant technical document Technical Circular (Works) No.
3/2012 Site Coverage of Greenery for Government Building Projects by
Development Bureau in 2011 shall be observed. For public developments, relevant
technical document Technical Circular (Works) No. 3/2012 Site Coverage of
Greenery for Government Building Projects by Development Bureau in 2011 shall
be reference. For private development, it is only applicable to sites with
inadequate greening coverage and should be implemented in accordance with
Sustainable Building Design Guidelines PNAP APP-152.
·
Greening on infrastructure: Planting could be provided on infrastructure such as bridges where
appropriate to enhance greenery to soften its built edges. Screen planting
could be provided near infrastructure to reduce any undesirable visual impacts.
11.7.3.17 MM16 Noise Barrier Design: The visual impact of noise mitigation measures will be mitigated by
appropriate detailed design, including suitable combination of transparent and sound
absorbent materials, appropriate colour selection of panels and supporting
structures, or provision of at-grade planting of trees, shrubs and/or climbers
camouflage to the barriers, as well as design of supporting structures to
incorporate a high level of quality and aesthetics. A combination of
transparent panels at top and solid panels at bottom would lighten the visual
impact, and at the same time maintain the attractiveness by using colourful
panels. The noise barriers would be implemented for District Distributor Roads
and Local Distributor Roads at both TCE and TCW area. Relevant technical
documents DEVB (GLTM) No. 2/2012 - Allocation of Space for Quality Greening on
Roads, DEVB (GLTM) No. 3/2012 – Site Coverage of Greenery for Government
Building Projects, and Guidelines on Design of Noise Barriers by HyD and EPD in
2003 shall be reference. Some reference
images of the typical noise barrier design have been shown in Figure
11.8b.
11.7.3.18 MM17 Landscape Treatment for Polders & Stormwater Attenuation and
Treatment Ponds: There would be polders and stormwater attenuation and treatment ponds
in TCW. While
they are primarily used for receiving and treating surface runoff and
alleviating the flood risk during heavy rainfall, the design of those has
provided an opportunity to have a synergy to enhance both the ecological and
landscape values together. Depending on detailed design, part of these stormwater
attenuation and treatment ponds (mainly the biofiltration zone) could be refined in an appropriate
manner, without compromising its primary functions of treating surface runoff
and flood protection, to incorporate ecological and landscape design such as
planting of aquatic plants and butterfly foodplant for providing the landscape
and ecological enhancement.
11.7.3.19 MM18 Landscaping on Slopes: Hydro seeding of modified slopes should
be done as soon as grading works are completed to prevent erosion and
subsequent loss of landscape resources and character. Woodland tree seedlings
and/ or shrubs should be planted where gradient and site conditions allow. In
addition, landscape planting should be provided for the retaining structures
associated with modified slopes where condition allow. It will enhance
landscape value, plant diversity and their visual appearance. Relevant
technical document GEO Publication No. 1/2011 Technical Guidelines on Landscape
Treatment for Slopes by CEDD in 2011 shall be reference.
11.7.3.20 MM19 Landscape Treatment on Channelized Watercourses: For the channelized
watercourses in Tung Chung Stream that will be dechannelized, the Drainage
Services Department Practice Note No.1/2005 – Guidelines on Environmental
Considerations for River Channel Design, should be considered and appropriate
mitigation measures included ensuring the new watercourses match the existing
as far as possible. Measures can include enhancement planting to upgrade the
channels as appropriate, including consideration of wetland planting along
embankments where appropriate; as well as consideration of the best materials
for the channel lining (e.g. gabion). All measures must also ensure any
necessary maintenance work can be carried out and that the channel meets all
its requirements for water flow etc.
11.7.3.21 MM20 Light Control: Construction day and night time lighting should be controlled to
minimize glare impact to adjacent VSRs during the construction stage. Street
and night time lighting shall also be controlled to minimize glare impact to
adjacent VSRs during the operation phase.
11.7.3.22 In summary, it is considered
that these measures implemented during construction and operational phases will
assist in avoiding potential adverse impacts in relation to Landscape Resources
(LR), Landscape Character Areas (LCA) and Visually Sensitive Receivers (VSRs).
11.8
Residual Landscape Impacts upon Mitigation
11.8.1
Significance of Residual Landscape Impacts
11.8.1.1 The proposed mitigation measures, as described in Table 11.15 have been applied to the various impacts and potential residual impacts identified. The potential significance of residual landscape impacts on LRs and LCAs during operation of the development, completion day 1 and year 10 are provided in Tables 11.16 and 11.17.
Table 11.16 Impact Significance of LRs in the Construction and Operational Phase
|
LR ID |
Landscape
Resources |
Sensitivity (Low, Medium,
High) |
Magnitude of Change before
Mitigation (Not Affected,
Negligible, Small, Intermediate, Large) |
Impact significance Threshold before
Mitigation (Insubstantial,
Slight, Moderate, Substantial) |
Recommended Mitigation Measures (Tables 11.14
& 11.15). |
Residual Impact Significance
Threshold After Mitigation (Insubstantial,
Slight, Moderate, Substantial) |
||||
|
#Con |
#Op |
Con |
Op |
Con |
Op |
|||||
|
Day 1 |
Year 10 |
|||||||||
|
LR1e |
Secondary Woodland near
Lung Tseng Tau |
High |
Small |
Small |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,2,3,4,10,
12,13,14,15,17 |
Moderate |
Moderate |
Slight |
|
LR1f |
Secondary Woodland near
Shek Mun Kap |
High |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,2,3,4,10,
12,14,15 |
Moderate |
Moderate |
Slight |
|
LR1h |
Secondary Woodland near
Mok Ka |
High |
Small |
Small |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,3,10,11,12 |
Moderate |
Moderate |
Slight |
|
LR1i |
Secondary
Woodland near Ngau Au |
High |
Small |
Small |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,3,10,11,12,14 |
Moderate |
Moderate |
Slight |
|
LR1j |
Secondary Woodland near
Ma Wan Hill |
High |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
MM1,2,3,4,10, 12,14,15,18 |
Substantial |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
LR2d |
Shrubland/ Grassland near
Tung Chung Road |
Medium |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,2,3,4,10, 12,14,15,17 |
Moderate |
Moderate |
Slight |
|
LR2e |
Shr San Keng |
High |
Small |
Small |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,3,10,12 |
Moderate |
Moderate |
Slight |
|
LR2f |
Shrubland / Grassland
near Mok Ka |
High |
Small |
Small |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,2,3,4,10, 12,14,15 |
Moderate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
LR2h |
Shrubland/ Grassland near
Wan Hill |
Medium |
Large |
Large |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,2,3,4,10, 11,12,14,18 |
Moderate |
Moderate |
Slight |
|
LR4 |
Coastal Waters |
Medium |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
MM,2,6,8,9 |
Substantial |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
LR5a |
Natural Streams and
Rivers |
High |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,2,7,10 |
Moderate |
Moderate |
Slight |
|
LR5b |
Channelized
Watercourse |
Medium |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,2,7,10 |
Moderate |
Slight |
Slight |
|
LR8 |
Village Type Development |
Medium |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,2,3,4,10,11,12,13,14 |
Moderate |
Slight |
Slight |
|
LR9 |
Urbanised Development |
Low |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Slight |
Slight |
MM1,2,3,4,10,11,12,13,14,15,17 |
Slight |
Slight |
Insubstantial |
|
LR10a |
Regenerated Grassland of Abandoned
Agricultural Land |
High |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
MM1,2,3,4,10,11,12,13,14,15,17, |
Substantial |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
LR10b |
Regenerated Freshwater Marshes of
Abandoned Agricultural Land |
High |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
MM1,2,3,4,10,11,12,14,15 |
Substantial |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
LR10c |
Active Agricultural Land |
High |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
MM1,2,3,4,10,11,12,13,14,15,17 |
Substantial |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
LR11 |
Plantation |
Medium |
Small |
Small |
Slight |
Slight |
MM1,2,3,4,10,14,18 |
Slight |
Slight |
Insubstantial |
|
LR12 |
Fung Shui
Woodland |
High |
Small |
Small |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,2,3,4,10,11 |
Moderate |
Slight |
Slight |
|
LR15 |
Artificial Sea
Wall |
Low |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Slight |
Slight |
MM1,9 |
Slight |
Slight |
Insubstantial |
The LR not affected by the RODPs is not
shown in the above table
# Con – Construction Stage; Op –
Operation Stage
Table 11.17 Impact Significance of LCAs in the Construction and Operational Phase
|
LCA ID |
Landscape Character |
Sensitivity (Low, Medium, High) |
Magnitude of Change before Mitigation (Not Affected, Negligible, Small, Intermediate, Large) |
Impact significance Threshold Before Mitigation (Insubstantial, Slight, Moderate, Substantial) |
Recommended Mitigation Measures (Tables 11.14 & 11.15). |
Residual Impact Significance Threshold After Mitigation (Insubstantial, Slight, Moderate, Substantial) |
||||
|
Con |
Op |
Con |
Op |
Con |
Op |
|||||
|
Day 1 |
Year 10 |
|||||||||
|
LCA1 |
Inshore Water Landscape Area |
Medium |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
MM2,10,12,14 |
Substantial |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
LCA4 |
Coastal Upland and Hillside Landscape Area |
High |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Substantial |
Substantial |
MM1,2,3,4,10,11, 13,14,18 |
Substantial |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
LCA5 |
Settled Valley Landscape Area |
High |
Small |
Small |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,2,3,4,10,11, 13,14,17,18 |
Moderate |
Moderate |
Slight |
|
LCA6 |
Upland Hillside Landscape Area |
High |
Small |
Small |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,2,3,4,10,11,12,13,18 |
Moderate |
Moderate |
Slight |
|
LCA7a |
Reclamation/ On-going Major Development Landscape
Area |
Low |
Small |
Small |
Slight |
Slight |
MM1,2,3,4,10,11,12,13,14 |
Slight |
Insubstantial |
Insubstantial |
|
LCA7b |
On-going Major Development Landscape Area |
Low |
Small |
Small |
Slight |
Slight |
MM1,2,3,4,10,11,12,13 |
Slight |
Insubstantial |
Insubstantial |
|
LCA8 |
Transportation Corridor Landscape Area |
Low |
Small |
Small |
Slight |
Slight |
MM1,10,12,13 |
Slight |
Insubstantial |
Insubstantial |
|
LCA10a |
Urban Peripheral Village Landscape Area |
Medium |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,2,3,4,10,11,12,13,14,15 |
Moderate |
Moderate |
Slight |
|
LCA10b |
Miscellaneous Rural Fringe Landscape Area |
High |
Lare |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
MM1,2,3,4,10,11,13,14,15,17 |
Substantial |
Substantial |
Moderate |
The LCA not affected by the RODPs is not
shown in the above table
# Con – Construction Stage;
Op
– Operation Stage
Significance of Residual
Landscape Impacts on LR
11.8.1.2 TCE and Road P1 Extension are
located almost entirely within LR4 Coastal Waters with a small portion
overlapping with LR9 Urbanized Development.
For LR4 Coastal Waters, the proposals are likely to generate overall
substantially adverse impacts as a result of the significant loss in terms of the
LR area. The proposals would be compatible with LR9. With the mitigation
measures of non-dredge method for reclamation (MM6) and natural
rock material/ planting for artificial seawall (MM9) etc., the landscape
impact will be alleviated from Substantial to Moderate eventually.
11.8.1.3 Construction of District Distributor roads and sewage pumping stations, upgrading of the existing Chung Mun Road sewage pumping station, and construction of two service reservoirs involve loss of LR1e (Secondary Woodland) and LR2d, 2e (Shrubland and Grassland) due to the construction activities and loss of vegetation cover. After the implementation of mitigation measures such as preservation of existing vegetation (MM3), provision of compensatory tree planting (MM10) and screen planting (MM12), the construction works will be minimized as appropriate and the landscape impact will be alleviated from about Moderate to about Slight during the operational phase.
11.8.1.4 Development in TCW will involve a large extent of loss of LR10 Agricultural Land (mainly LR10a and LR10c). As some of the agricultural lands are abandoned, the development in low density will be compatible with the disturbed nature of the existing agricultural land. The loss of agricultural land, mostly orchards, will be compensated by woodland restoration near the service reservoir. Hence LR10c will be compensated by woodlands which are of higher ecological value. With mitigation measures such as aesthetic design of built environment (MM14), compensatory tree planting (MM10) and woodland restoration (MM11), the landscape impact will be reduced and the plant diversity within the land enhanced. Therefore, the overall landscape impact on LR10 will be Moderate with the establishment of vegetation after later stage of the operation stage.
11.8.1.5 The RODP for TCW will affect some shrubland, grassland and woodland including secondary woodland and Fung Shui Woodlands. For Fung Shui Woodland in particular, avoidance measures have been adopted to zoning of most of the Fung Shui Woodlands to either “GB” or “CA” except those required for the flood risk control and road safety. Therefore, the landscape impact on LR12 Fung Shui Woodlands would be reduced in construction stage. After further woodland restoration (MM11) and compensatory tree planting (MM10), the residual landscape impacts on Secondary Woodland (LR1e, 1f, 1h, 1i )and LR2 Shrubland and Grassland (LR2d, 2e, 2f) will be alleviated. After implementation of these measures, the impact on LR12 will be reduced from Moderate to Slight while the impacts on the fore-mentioned LR1s and LR2s will be alleviated from about Moderate to about Slight.
11.8.1.6 Landuse proposal for Ma Wan Hill and waterfront promenade at the coastal area of proposed Town Park involving loss of LR1j Secondary woodland near Ma Wan Hill and LR2h Shrubland and Grassland near Ma Wan Hill. This would generate negative landscape impacts due to the construction activities and loss of vegetation cover. After the provision of compensatory tree planting (MM10) and landscaping on slope (MM18), the impact on LR1j will be reduced from Substantial to Moderate while that on LR2h will be reduced from Moderate to Slight. LR11 Plantation near the Town Park may also be slightly affected. After the provision of tree planting (MM10) and slope greening (MM18), the impact will be reduced from Slight to Insubstantial.
11.8.1.7 For Tung Chung Stream, de-channelization of the existing channelized section of Tung Chung Stream for amenity uses and environmental enhancement (e.g. river park) involving minimal tree removal of construction works would still inevitably generate negative landscape impacts on LR5b Channelized Watercourses due to the construction activities, disturbance to existing topography and loss of vegetation cover. After protection of natural streams (MM7) and compensatory tree planting (MM10), the landscape impact will be reduced from Moderate to Slight.
Significance of Residual
Landscape Impacts on LCA
11.8.1.8 TCE and Road P1 Extension
are located almost entirely within LCA1 ‘Inshore Water Landscape’ with a small
portion overlapping with LCA7a ‘Reclamation/ On-going Major Development
Landscape and LCA8 Transportation Corridor.
For LCA1, the proposals are likely to generate substantial adverse
impacts because of the character change from natural to artificial and the
impacts will remain moderate throughout the operation phase with the mitigation
measures of stepped building heights towards the coastline, aesthetic design of
built development (MM14) and compensation tree planting. For LCA7a, with the mitigation measures of
stepped building heights towards the coastline, aesthetic design of built
development (MM14), compensation tree planting (MM10) and screen planting (MM12)
etc., the landscape impact on LCA7a will be alleviated from Slight to
Insubstantial eventually. The landscape character will be compatible with LCA7a.
For LCA8, a small portion along the southeastern boundary of RODP of TCE will
be modified for connection to the new roads on TCE reclamation land;
infrastructure associated with the Tung Chung East Station (by others) will be
added. With mitigation measures such as compensation tree planting (MM10) and roadside
planting (MM13) etc., the landscape impact on LCA8 will be alleviated from
Slight to Insubstantial eventually.
11.8.1.9 The majority of development
within TCW is located within LCA10b ‘Miscellaneous Rural Fringe
Landscape’. Whilst this LCA is
characterised by human development, this is generally of a lower scale
incorporating low intensity landuses such as farming. The introduction of more formalised and urban
development including low and high rise residential development, access roads
and amenity landscape will introduce a different and more dominant LCA
type. As a result of the large character
change from natural and rural to artificial, substantially adverse impact will
be generated. After the landscape
mitigation measures of aesthetic design of built development (MM14) and compensation
tree planting (MM10) etc., the landscape impact will be alleviated from Substantial
to Moderate.
11.8.1.10 The landuse proposal will involve
works within LCA4 ‘Coastal Upland and Hillside Landscape’ which covers Ma Wan
Hill. Substantially adverse impacts may
be generated due to overall loss of vegetation and influence of urban
development within a natural and relatively undeveloped area. After the implementation of woodland
restoration (MM11) and landscaping on slope (MM18), the landscape character
will be more compatible with the surroundings and the landscape impact can be
alleviated from Substantial to Moderate.
11.8.1.11 In the upper Tung Chung
Valley to the east of Shek Mun Kap, residential development is proposed within
LCA5 ‘Settled Valley Landscape’. This
LCA is characterised by some human development albeit in a much lower intensity
where the natural landscape is visually and physically more dominant. The proposals are likely to generate
moderately adverse impacts as result of the loss of this LCA and its high sensitivity.
After the implementation of woodland restoration (MM11), landscaping on slope
(MM18) and compensation tree planting (MM10), the landscape character will be
more compatible with the surroundings and the landscape impact can be
alleviated from Moderate to Slight eventually.
11.8.1.12 In the hillside to the
south of Yat Tung Estate, the two service reservoirs are proposed within LCA5
‘Settled Valley Landscape’ and LCA6 ‘Upland and Hillside Landscape’. Moderately
adverse impacts may be generated due to a loss of two patches of natural and
relatively undeveloped areas. After the implementation of landscaping on slope
(MM18) and compensation tree planting (MM10), the landscape character will be
more compatible with the surroundings and the landscape impact can be
alleviated to Slight.
11.8.1.13 The installation of sewerage network sits at LCA7b ‘Ongoing
major development landscape’ will not cause any impact on the existing
landscape character as it will be repaved on the existing roads after the
installation works. With the implementation of mitigation measures e.g.
roadside tree planting (MM13), the landscape character could be restored.
11.8.1.14 Construction of the marina with about 95 berths at the PDA at TCE will lead to a change in landscape character with a loss of LCA1 Inshore Water Landscape. With the implementation of compensatory planting (MM10) and natural rock materials/ planting for artificial seawall (MM9), the landscape impact can be alleviated. However, the landscape impacts will remain moderate from construction phase to operation phase due to the irreversible loss of Inshore Water Landscape.
11.9.1
Visual Baseline Conditions
11.9.1.1
The visual assessment area is defined by the Visual Envelope (VE) which is the area that any part of the proposed
project can be seen from, and is generally the viewshed formed by natural /
manmade features such as ridgelines, built form or areas of woodland / large
trees. The VE may contain areas, which are fully visible, partly visible and
non-visible from the project.
11.9.1.2 The VE includes the areas of North Lantau, Chek Lap Kok and Hong Kong International Airport (HKIA) across the open sea to the south coast of Tuen Mun and Tai Lam Country Park. TCW and TCE are fairly enclosed by prominent green hill slopes in close proximity to the south, by the inshore water immediately to the north and by the airport infrastructures and Passenger Terminal buildings of HKIA to the west.
11.9.1.3 In TCE, near the southern part of the assessment area, hill slopes are undisturbed and mainly vegetated by grass and scrub vegetation with trees. Along the North Lantau Highway, some of the slopes are modified and cut with plantation. To the north of North Lantau Highway, reclaimed land and ongoing developments together with Road P1 extension are found at the RODPs.
11.9.1.4 Tucked inside the Tung Chung Valley, lowland of TCW is surrounded by green hill slopes with North side open to the Tung Chung Bay, and Tung Chung Stream running from highland through TCW exit to the bay. Village housing are scattered around hillside to the Northeast, small residential, rural houses, agricultural lands, monuments and historical buildings spreads across the rest of the site. Tung Chung Stream is a natural stream that runs in a south to north direction along Tung Chung Valley until it joins the Tung Chung bay to the south of Chek Lap Kok. Those elements comprise the landscape viewing of the rural surroundings.
11.9.2
Identification of Visually Sensitive Receivers (VSRs)
11.9.2.1 The potential VSRs include residents of nearby residential buildings and dwellings in Tung Chung Town and Tai Ho Wan, high-rise buildings along the Tuen Mun south coast; travellers along North Lantau Highway, MTR Tung Chung Line, MTR Airport Express Line and the proposed infrastructure connecting the Hong Kong Boundary Crossing Facilities (HKBCF) Island; visitors to Ngong Ping 360 Cable Car, monuments and historical building such as Lo Hon Monastery, Hau Wong Temple, Tung Chung Battery and Tung Chung Fort; workers and travellers on Chek Lap Kok Airport Island and the proposed HKBCF Island; recreational users of public footpaths and trails within the Lantau North (Extension) Country Park, Tai Lam Country Park, Tung Chung Valley and coastal promenades along the south beach of Tuen Mun area.
11.9.2.2
Table 11.18 below presents the type of VSRs
identified within the VE. The location of each VSR is presented on Figures
11.4a to 11.4d and the views from each VSR are
presented on Figures 11.4e to 11.4aa.
Table 11.18 Type of VSRs
|
VSR ID |
Location |
VSRs |
Type
of VSRs (Residential/ Recreational/ Occupational/ Transportation) |
|
VSR 1 |
Near Asia World Expo |
Workers and visitors (including hotel
visitors) of Northeastern Part of Chek Lap Kok |
Recreational, Occupational |
|
VSR 2 |
East Coast Road |
Passengers and drivers of vehicles along
the trunk road |
Transportation |
|
VSR 3 |
Near CNAC (Group) Tower |
Passengers and drivers of vehicles along
the trunk road; |
Transportation, |
|
VSR 4 |
Near Sitting out area |
Passengers and drivers of vehicles along
the trunk roads; |
Transportation |
|
VSR 5 |
Scenic Hill East |
Hikers of Scenic Hill |
Recreational |
|
VSR 6 |
Scenic Hill West |
Hikers of Scenic Hill |
Recreational |
|
VSR 7 |
Near Chek Lap Kok Road |
Passengers and drivers of vehicles along
the trunk road |
Transportation |
|
VSR 8 |
Near Tung Chung Waterfront |
Visitors of Tung Chung Waterfront Area |
Recreational |
|
VSR 9 |
Tung Chung Battery |
Visitors of Tung Chung Battery |
Recreational |
|
VSR 10 |
Ma Wan Chung Pier – facing northeast |
Passengers and visitors at Ma Wan Chung
Pier |
Recreational, Transportation, Occupational |
|
VSR 11 |
Ma Wan Chung Pier – facing southwest |
Passengers and
visitors at Ma Wan Chung Pier |
Recreational,
Transportation, Occupational |
|
VSR 12 |
Near Ying Hei Road |
Passengers and drivers of vehicles along
the trunk roads |
Recreational, Transportation, Occupational |
|
VSR 13 |
Hilltop of Planned Open Space – facing
northwest |
Visitors of Planned
Open Space |
Recreational |
|
VSR 14 |
Hilltop of Planned Open Space – facing
southwest |
Visitors of
Planned Open Space |
Recreational |
|
VSR 15 |
Near Yat Tung Shopping Centre |
Residents of
Yat Tung Estate |
Residential |
|
VSR 16 |
Hau Wong Temple |
Visitors of
Hau Wong Temple and the Open Spaces nearby; workers of Hau
Wong Temple |
Recreational,
Occupational |
|
VSR 17 |
Near Tung Chung Stream |
Visitors of
Tung Chung Stream |
Recreational |
|
VSR 18 |
Bus Station near Fu Tung Street |
Residents of
Fu Tung Estate and Tung Chung Crescent; workers of
Citygate |
Recreational, Occupational, Residential |
|
VSR 19a |
Near Ngau Au |
Residents of
villages near Ngau Au |
Residential |
|
VSR 19b |
Near Ngau Au |
Hikers near
Ngau Au |
Recreational |
|
VSR 20 |
Ngong Ping 360 Rescue Trail |
Hikers along
360 Rescue Trial |
Recreational |
|
VSR 21a |
Near San Tau |
Residents of
villages near San Tau |
Residential |
|
VSR 21b |
Near San Tau |
Hikers near
San Tau |
Recreational |
|
VSR 22a |
Near Yuen Tan Temple |
Residents of villages near Yuen Tan Temple |
Residential |
|
VSR 22b |
Near Yuen Tan Temple |
Visitors of Yuen Tan Temple |
Recreational |
|
VSR 23a |
Lo Hon Temple |
Residents of villages near Lo Hon Temple |
Residential |
|
VSR 23b |
Lo Hon Temple |
Visitors of Lo Hon Temple |
Recreational |
|
VSR 24 |
Lantau North Country Park – facing west |
Hikers of Lantau North Country Park |
Recreational |
|
VSR 25 |
Lantau North Country Park – facing north |
Hikers of Lantau North Country Park |
Recreational |
|
VSR 26 |
Tung Chung Ferry Pier |
Ferry Passengers and visitors at Tung
Chung Ferry Pier |
Recreational, Occupational, Transportation |
|
VSR 27a |
Near Yi Tung Road |
Residents of North-eastern Part of Tung
Chung Town Centre (including Coastal Skyline, Caribbean Coast and Seaview
Crescent) |
Residential |
|
VSR 27b |
Near Yi Tung Road |
Passengers and drivers of vehicles along
the trunk road |
Transportation |
|
VSR 28 |
Near Tung Chung North Waterfront |
Visitors of Tung Chung North Waterfront
Area |
Recreational |
|
VSR 29a |
Near Tai Ho |
Residents of villages in Tai Ho |
Residential |
|
VSR 29b |
Near Tai Ho |
Hiker and visitors of Tai Ho |
Recreational |
|
VSR 30 |
Near Ma Wan New Village |
Residents of villages near Ma Wan New
Village |
Residential |
|
VSR 31 |
Yat Tung Estate |
Residents of Yat Tung Estate |
Residential |
|
VSR 32 |
Yu Tung Court |
Residents of Yu Tung Court and Fu Tung
Estate |
Residential |
|
VSR 33 |
Ngong Ping 360 Cable Car – facing from NE to S |
Passengers and visitors of Ngong Ping 360
Cable Car |
Recreational, Transportation |
|
VSR 34a |
Tung Chung Fort |
Residents of villages near Tung Chung Fort |
Residential |
|
VSR 34b |
Tung Chung Fort |
Visitors of Tung Chung Fort |
Recreational |
|
VSR 35 |
Open Sea east to Chek Lap Kok |
Ferry Passengers |
Transportation |
|
VSR 36 |
North Lantau Expressway |
Passengers and drivers |
Transportation |
|
VSR 37 |
Siu Ho Wan |
Workers in Siu Ho Wan |
Occupational |
|
VSR 38a |
Shek Lau Po |
Residents of villages near Shek Lau Po |
Residential |
|
VSR 38b |
Shek Lau Po |
Visitors near Shek Lau Po |
Recreational, Occupational |
|
VSR 39 |
Near Wong Ka Wai |
Residents near Wong Ka Wai |
Residential |
|
VSR 40a |
Tuen Mun South Coast |
Residents near Tuen Mun South Coast |
Residential |
|
VSR 40b |
Tuen Mun South Coast |
Visitors to Tuen Mun South Coast |
Recreational |
|
VSR 41 |
Along Tuen Mun Road and Castle Peak Road |
Passengers and drivers along the trunk
roads |
Transportation |
|
VSR 42 |
Tai Lam Country Park |
Hikers |
Recreational |
|
VSR 43 |
HKBCF (Future customs staffs, recreational
users, passengers and drivers) |
Future visitors; passengers and drivers |
Transportation, Occupational, Recreational
|
|
VSR 44 |
HKLR (Future passengers and drivers) |
Passengers and drivers |
Transportation |
|
VSR 45 |
TMCLKL (Future passengers and drivers) |
Passengers and drivers |
Transportation |
11.9.3
Sensitivity of VSRs
11.9.3.1 Amongst the VSRs, the most sensitive views are those which currently experience a direct and broad connection with the wider undeveloped landscape setting, in particular those overlooking Tung Chung Bay and Valley and south towards the Country Park.
11.9.3.2
The assessment of sensitivity is based on
the quality and extent of the existing view. The factors affecting the
sensitivity of receivers for evaluation of visual impacts include the
following:
·
Value and quality of
existing views;
·
Availability and amenity of alternative
views;
·
Type and estimated number of receiver
population;
·
Duration or frequency of view, and
·
Degree of visibility.
11.9.3.3 The description & sensitivity of VSR is assessed in Table 11.19.
Table 11.19 Description & Sensitivity of VSRs
|
VSR Code |
Visually Sensitive
Receiver (VSR) |
Type of VSR (Residential / Recreational/ Occupational/ Transportation) |
Approx. Closest Viewing Distance to Proposed Development
Site (m) |
No. of VSRs (Few, Medium, Many) |
Quality of View (Good, Fair, Poor) |
Availability of Alternative View (Yes, No) |
Degree of Visibility |
Duration of View (Short, Long) |
Frequency of View (Occasional, Frequent) |
Sensitivity (Low, Medium, High) |
|
Description of Existing
View, particularly toward the proposed development site |
||||||||||
|
VSR 1 |
Near Asia
World Expo |
Occupational/ Recreational |
2200 |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Full |
Short |
Occ |
Medium |
|
The VSR is located on the north-eastern
part Chek Lap Kok island, next to Hong Kong International Airport along the
coast line, viewing towards to the north-east part of Lantau Island. The
Airport Expo Boulevard junction is located at the foreground of the VSR with
a panoramic view in the background of Por Kai Shan. The existing majority of
usage at the VSR point are workers and visitors, including hotel visitors,
due to the type of VSR has classified as occupational/recreational categories, which
would be moderately sensitive to any changes in the viewing experience. The
overall sensitivity is considered to be ‘Medium’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 2 |
East Coast
Road |
Transportation |
1600 |
Few |
Good |
Yes |
Glimpse |
Short |
Occ |
Low |
|
It is the main track of East Coast Road,
located at the eastern part of Chek Lap Kok viewing towards to Caribbean
Coast with Por Kai Shan at the background. The VSR is mainly occupied by
passengers and drivers of vehicles during the daily operation, therefore they
would not pay much attention to the visual amenity. This VSR would be slightly sensitive to any
changes in the viewing experience. The overall sensitivity is considered to
be ‘Low’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 3 |
Near CNAC
(Group) Tower |
Transportation |
1200 |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Glimpse |
Short |
Occ |
Low |
|
The view is close to the CNAC house,
facing to the east costal line of Chek Lap Kok. For passengers and drivers
along the Kwo Lo Wan Road and the visitors of airport trail, the view is
contained with the background of Tung Chung Town Development (including
Caribbean Coast, Seaview Crescent and City Gate), the VSR is mostly occupied
by transportation users. With short duration of view, they would be slightly
sensitive to any changes in the viewing experience. The overall sensitivity
is considered to be ‘Low’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 4 |
Near Sitting
out area |
Transportation |
1000 |
Few |
Good |
Yes |
Glimpse |
Short |
Occ |
Low |
|
The VSR is located at the eastern part of
Chek Lap Kok, facing to the Tung Chung Waterfront Road with Tung Chung Town
Development (including Caribbean Coast, Seaview Crescent and City Gate) at
the background for passengers and vehicle drivers along the Kwo Lo Wan Road.
With short duration of view, they would be slightly sensitive to any changes
in the viewing experience. The overall sensitivity is considered to be ‘Low’.
|
||||||||||
|
VSR 5 |
Scenic Hill
East |
Recreational |
1200 |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Full |
Short |
Occ |
Medium |
|
Views from the top of Senic Hill which is mostly visited by hikers, from
this elevated location, there is a panoramic view of Tung Chung Water
Promenade with North Lantau Highway in the foreground. The VSR is partially
blocked by vegetation from the hill side when facing the left direction,
which would be moderately sensitive to any changes in the viewing experience
in the future. The overall sensitivity is considered to be ‘Medium’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 6 |
Scenic Hill
West |
Recreational |
700 |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Full |
Short |
Occ |
Medium |
|
The VSR is located at the hiking trail of
Senic Hill viewing towards to the Tung Chung Bay, it partially contained with
Chek Lap Kok South Road to the left and Lantau North Country Park to the
right of the view point, offering a distance view of the residential
development including Yat Tung Estate across Tung Chung Bay costal area. Due
to the recreational usage of the view point, this VSR would be moderately
sensitive to any changes in the viewing experience in the future. The overall
sensitivity is considered to be ‘Medium’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 7 |
Near Chek Lap
Kok Road |
Transportation |
750 |
Few |
Good |
Yes |
Glimpse |
Short |
Occ |
Low |
|
Located near Chek Lap Kok South Road,
given an open sea view of Tung Chung Bay, viewing from the southern part of
the visual point, the Ngong Ping Cable Car ropeway is addressed on ridgeline
of the hill, the major users of VSR are passengers and drivers of vehicles
along the trunk road, with short duration of view under the high speed
passing, they would be slightly sensitive to any visual changes. The overall
sensitivity is considered to be ‘Low’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 8 |
Near Tung
Chung Waterfront |
Recreational |
200 |
Few |
Fair |
Yes |
Partial |
Short |
Occ |
Medium |
|
Views facing to the Tung Chung waterfront
near CLP Power sub-station, a distance view of group of mountains at San Tau
area is located at the right direction of the VSR, vegetation is largely
covered on the Ma Wan Hill from the left side. Regarding to the characteristic
of the site, this view point would be low usage during the daily operation.
This VSR represents the visitor of the water promenade which would be
moderately sensitive to any visual change, the overall sensitivity would be
considered as ‘Medium’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 9 |
Tung Chung
Battery |
Recreational |
20 |
Few |
Fair |
Yes |
Partial |
Short |
Occ |
Medium |
|
The VSR is located on Tung Chung Battery
which is a former artillery battery and one of the significant heritage in
Lantau Island, the views facing to the direction of the Tung Chung Bay with
natural mountains which located at San Tau as the visual background, the
trail on the hillside of this area do not appear to be well used, suggesting
a few visitors pass daily. The major users of VSR are visitors, which would
be moderately sensitive to any visual changes. The overall sensitivity is
considered to be ‘Medium’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 10 |
Ma Wan Chung
Pier – facing northeast |
Occupational/ Recreational/
Transportation |
150 |
Medium |
Fair |
Yes |
Partial |
Short |
Occ |
Medium |
|
It is the view from the Ma Wan Chung Pier
facing to the northeast direction. A group of natural vegetation is covered
from the hillside on the right, contained with a partial view of high-rise
building from the Tung Chung New Town. The elevated vehicle road (Chek Lap Kok
South Road) is addressed with distance at the foreground of VSR. The majority
of users at this area will be passengers,
workers and visitors at Ma Wan Chung Pier. They would be moderately sensitive
to any visual changes. The overall sensitivity is considered to be ‘Medium’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 11 |
Ma Wan Chung
Pier – facing southwest |
Occupational/
Recreational/ Transportation |
200 |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Short |
Occ |
Medium |
|
The VSR contains an open sea view with a
panoramic background of the ridgeline of Lantau North Country Park which is
largely covered with vegetation and natural landscape elements, few water transportation are operating during the day time. The
amenity level of the view point is considered in medium level. This VSR
represents visitors, workers and ferry travellers of the Ma Wan Chung Pier,
which would be moderately sensitive to any visual changes. The overall
sensitivity is considered to be ‘Medium’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 12 |
Near Ying Hei
Road |
Occupational/
Transportation |
180 |
Few |
Fair |
Yes |
Glimpse |
Short |
Occ |
Low |
|
The VSR is
located on vehicle road of Hei Tung Street near the roundabout area. A petro
station is situated behind the roundabout, to the right side, a fence
separating between the pedestrian walkway and a natural groundcover buffer.
During the daily operation, the VSR is occupied by workers, passengers and
drivers of vehicles, which would be slightly sensitive to any visual changes.
The overall sensitivity is considered to be ‘Low’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 13 |
Hilltop of
Planned Open Space – facing northwest |
Recreational |
0 |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Full |
Short |
Occ |
Medium |
|
The VSR is facing to the northwest and
located on the top of Ma Wan Hill. It is viewing towards the natural
woodlands and agricultural land in a close distance with the background of
Tung Chung Bay. The high-rise buildings at the Yat Tung Estate is situated on
the left side of VSR with a group of mountains behind the residential
development. The area of the vantage point is planned to be a public open
space, assuming the main users would be hikers and visitors, which would be
moderately sensitive to any visual changes.
Therefore, the sensitivity is considered as ‘Medium’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 14 |
Hilltop of
Planned Open Space – facing southwest |
Recreational |
0 |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Full |
Short |
Occ |
Medium |
|
The VSR is facing to the south and
situated on Ma Wan Hill, viewing towards to the natural woodlands with the
group of mountains in the background. There is an ongoing development at the
right side of the foreground. The VSR location is planned to be an open
space, the majority users would be hikers and visitors, which would be
moderately sensitive to any visual changes.
The overall sensitivity of VSR is considered to be ‘Medium’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 15 |
Near Yat Tung
Shopping Centre |
Residential |
40 |
Many |
Good |
Yes |
Full |
Long |
Freq |
High |
|
The VSR is located on the elevated vehicle
route near the Yat Tung Shopping Centre, it given a panoramic view mountains
of Lantau North (Extension) Country Park, due to the residential land user
are occupied within this area, this VSR represents residents of Yat Tung
Estate nearby, which would be highly sensitive to any visual changes. The
overall sensitivity is considered to be ‘High’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 16 |
Hau Wong
Temple |
Recreational |
0 |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Full |
Short |
Occ |
Medium |
|
The VSR is situated at the greenfield of
Hau Wong Temple contained with partial sea views along Tung Chung Bay, the
high-rise building of Yat Tung Estate is from a long distance view of the
right direction. Considering it is an open space for the public, visitors and
hikers would be the majority users of the space, which would be moderately
sensitive to any visual changes. The overall sensitivity of the VSR is
considered as ‘Medium’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 17 |
Near Tung
Chung Stream |
Recreational |
0 |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Full |
Short |
Occ |
Medium |
|
The VSR is located on the footbridge of
Tung Chung stream area. It is next to the outdoor recreational camp site and
operating by Hong Kong Playground Association. The view contains with a
natural watercourse and mangrove and reedbed in the foreground, the ridgeline
of Por Kai Shan is addressed in the background. Due to the inconvenience
connectivity to the site, the daily user would be visitors and hikers. This
VSR represents visitors and hikers, which would be moderately sensitive to
any visual changes. The overall sensitivity is considered to be ‘Medium’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 18 |
Bus Station
near Fu Tung Street |
Recreational/
Residential/ Occupational |
1200 |
Many |
Fair |
Yes |
Partial |
Short |
Occ |
Medium |
|
It is situated on pedestrian pathway of
Tat Tung Road, facing towards the North Lantau Highway. The VSR is next to
the cycling parking space which separate with shrubs planting along the side.
Citigate Outlets is located across the vehicle road, and most of the resident
from Fu Tung Estate is passing through this area. Therefore, this VSR
represents residents of Fu Tung Estate and Tung Chung Crescent, travellers
and workers that visiting the bus station, those users would be moderately
sensitive to any visual changes. The overall sensitivity is considered to be
‘Medium’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 19a |
Near Ngau Au |
Residential |
200 |
Few |
Good |
Yes |
Full |
Long |
Freq |
High |
|
The VSR is located within the secondary
woodland area with a closer distance view of natural mangrove and reedbed
planting. There are a few village houses situated in the VSR zone. The
high-rise building of Tung Chung Development is on a long distance view when
facing towards the east. This VSR represents the resident of Ngau Au area,
which would be highly sensitive to any visual changes. The overall
sensitivity is considered to be ‘High’.
|
||||||||||
|
VSR 19b |
Near Ngau Au |
Recreational |
200 |
Few |
Good |
Yes |
Full |
Short |
Occ |
Medium |
|
The VSR is
located on the hiking trail within the secondary woodland area. There is a
closer distance view of natural mangrove and reedbed planting at the
foreground. The high-rise building of Tung Chung Development is on a long
distance view when facing towards the east. Hikers near Ngau Au will be the
main users of this VSR, thus, they would be moderately sensitive to any
visual changes. The overall sensitivity is considered to be ‘Medium’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 20 |
Ngong Ping 360
Rescue Trail |
Recreational |
250 |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Full |
Short |
Occ |
Medium |
|
This VSR is located on the hiking trail
along the hill side of Lantau North (Extension) Country Park. An open view of
Tung Chung Bay with Tung Chung New Town in the background can be seen from
this vantage point. A clear ridgeline of Por Kai Shan can be seen from a long
distance view in the foreground. Suggesting a few hikers and visitors will be
occupied during the daily operation. This VSR represents hikers and visitors
in this area at low level views, which would be moderately sensitive to any
changes in the viewing experience. So the overall sensitivity is considered
to be ‘Medium’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 21a |
Near San Tau |
Residential |
1400 |
Few |
Fair |
Yes |
Partial |
Long |
Freq |
High |
|
This VSR is located in the village of San
Tau which is embedded into the vegetated woodlands. The existing view towards
east is characterized by vegetation of the natural woodlands and agricultural
land in a close distance. The high-rise buildings in the Yat Tung Estate
together with the mountains within Lantau North(Extension) Country Park form
the background to this view. This VSR represents residents in this area at
low level views facing to the Tung Chung Town and Tung Chung Valley, which
would pay more attention to the visual amenity. The VSR would be highly
sensitive to any changes in the viewing experience. So the overall
sensitivity is considered to be ‘High’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 21b |
Near San Tau |
Recreational |
1400 |
Few |
Fair |
Yes |
Partial |
Short |
Occ |
Medium |
|
This VSR is located in the village of San
Tau which is embedded into the vegetated woodlands. The existing view towards
east is characterized by vegetation of the natural woodlands and agricultural
land in a close distance. The high-rise buildings in the Yat Tung Estate
together with the mountains within Lantau North (Extension) Country Park form
the background to this view. This VSR represents hikers crossing San Tau area
at low level views facing to the Tung Chung Town and Tung Chung Valley. The
hikers would experience short duration of view. The overall sensitivity is
considered to be ‘Medium’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 22a |
Yuen Tan
Temple |
Residential |
0 |
Few |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Long |
Freq |
High |
|
This VSR is located inside the village
near Yuen Tan Temple. The existing view towards northwest is characterized by
natural woodlands and upland hillside of Shek Mun Kap. A small place for
resting in front of the Yuen Tan Temple also contains the view in a close
distance. Several high-rise buildings of Yat Tung Estate in the far distance
with open sky scape form the background to this view. This VSR represents
residents in the village of Shek Mun Kap at low level views. Existing visual
amenity is quite good due to the natural woodlands. The VSR would be highly
sensitive to any changes in the viewing experience. So the overall
sensitivity is considered to be ‘High’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 22b |
Yuen Tan
Temple |
Recreational |
0 |
Few |
Good |
Yes |
Partial |
Short |
Occ |
Medium |
|
This VSR is located inside the village
near Yuen Tan Temple. The existing view towards northwest is characterized by
natural woodlands and upland hillside of Shek Mun Kap. A small place for
resting in front of the Yuen Tan Temple also contains the view in a close
distance. Several high-rise buildings of Yat Tung Estate in the far distance with
open sky scape form the background to this view. This VSR represents visitors
of Yuen Tan Temple at low level views, which would take the existing view as
the secondary view. So the VSR would be moderately sensitive to any changes
in the viewing experience. The overall sensitivity is considered to be
‘Medium’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 23a |
Lo Hon Temple |
Residential |
120 |
Medium |
Fair |
Yes |
Partial |
Long |
Freq |
High |
|
This VSR is located in the area of Lo Hon
Temple. The existing view towards north is characterized by natural woodlands
and cottage area of Shek Pik Au in a close distance. The upland hillside of
Tung Chung Valley contains the middle distance of view. The high-rise
developments of Tung Chung Town in the far distance with sky scape form the
background to this view. This VSR represents residents of Lo Hon Temple at
elevated views, which would have more attention to the visual amenity. The
VSR would be highly sensitive to any changes in the viewing experience. The
overall sensitivity is considered to be ‘High’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 23b |
Lo Hon Temple |
Recreational |
120 |
Medium |
Fair |
Yes |
Partial |
Short |
Occ |
Medium |
|
This VSR is located in the area of Lo Hon
Temple. The existing view towards north is characterized by natural woodlands
and cottage area of Shek Pik Au in a close distance. The upland hillside of
Tung Chung Valley contains the middle distance of view. The high-rise
developments of Tung Chung Town in the far distance with sky scape form the
background to this view. This VSR represents visitors of Lo Hon Temple at
elevated views, which would be moderately sensitive to visual changes and
experience short duration of existing view. So the overall sensitivity is
considered to be ‘Medium’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 24 |
Lantau North
Country Park – facing West |
Recreational |
1200 |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Full |
Short |
Occ |
Medium |
|
This VSR is
located in the designated public footpaths and trails within the Lantau North
(Extension) Country Park. The existing view towards southwest is
characterized by urban landscape of Tung Chung, including high-rise buildings
in Yat Tung Estate, low-rise villages, traffic roads and upland hillsides.
The mountains of Tung Chung Valley and seascape of Tung Chung Bay form the
background to this view. This VSR represents the hikers on the Lantau North
Country Park, which would be moderately sensitive to visual changes. So the
overall sensitivity is considered to be ‘Medium’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 25 |
Lantau North
Country Park – facing North |
Recreational |
700 |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Full |
Short |
Occ |
Medium |
|
This VSR is located in the designated
public footpaths and trails within the Lantau North (Extension) Country Park.
The existing view towards north is characterized by urban landscape of Tung
Chung Town Centre, including high-rise residential buildings, shopping
centres, traffic roads and upland hillsides. The Hong Kong International
Airport (HKIA), HKBCF island and surrounding open seascape form the
background to this view. In the far distance, the south coastal Area of Tuen
Mun can be seen as well. This VSR represents the hikers on the Lantau North
Country Park, which would be moderately sensitive to visual changes. So the
overall sensitivity is considered to be ‘Medium’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 26 |
Tung Chung
Ferry Pier |
Transportation/ Recreational |
800 |
Many |
Good |
Yes |
Full |
Short |
Occ |
Medium |
|
This VSR is located in the Tung Chung
Ferry Pier. The existing view towards northeast is characterized by open
inshore water scape, reclamation land, coastal promenade and residential
buildings of Tung Chung, such as high-rise buildings of Seaview Crescent. The
mountain of Lantau North Country Park with sky scape form the background to
this view. The VSR represents both the ferry passengers and visitors at Tung
Chung Ferry Pier at low level views, which would have moderately sensitive to
visual changes and experience short duration of existing view. So the overall
sensitivity is considered to be ‘Medium’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 27a |
Near Yi Tung
Road |
Residential |
350 |
Many |
Good |
Yes |
Full |
Long |
Freq |
High |
|
This VSR is located in the north end of
the Yi Tung Road. The existing view at low level towards northeast is
characterized by traffic roads, infrastructures and plantation along the
roads. The previous reclamation land and open seascape form the background to
this view. This VSR represents residents of North-eastern part of Tung Chung
Town Centre (including Coastal Skyline, Caribbean Coast etc.) In the high
levels of this buildings, HKIA and HKBCF island can be seen as well. The
residents would pay more attention to the visual amenity and be highly
sensitive to the visual changes. The overall sensitivity is considered to be
‘High’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 27b |
Near Yi Tung
Road |
Transportation |
350 |
Many |
Good |
Yes |
Full |
Short |
Occ |
Low |
|
This VSR is located in the north end of
the Yi Tung Road. The existing view towards northeast is characterized by traffic
roads, infrastructures and plantation along the roads. The previous
reclamation land forms the background to this view. This VSR represents
passengers and drivers of vehicles along the trunk road at low level views,
which would experience a glimpse of view and be slightly sensitive to visual
changes. The overall sensitivity is considered to be ‘Low’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 28 |
Near Tung
Chung North Waterfront |
Recreational |
0 |
Few |
Good |
Yes |
Full |
Short |
Occ |
Medium |
|
This VSR is located in the north
waterfront of Tung Chung Town Centre. The existing view towards northeast is
characterized by inshore water, beach, rocky shore and construction site of
high-rise buildings of Century Link Tower. The high-rise residential
buildings of Caribbean Coast Phase 1 contains the views in the middle
distance. The mountains of Lantau North Country Park form the background to
this view. The VSR represents visitors of Tung Chung North Waterfront Area,
which would take the existing view as the secondary view and be moderately
sensitive to visual changes. The overall sensitivity is considered to be
‘Medium’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 29a |
Near Tai Ho |
Residential |
800 |
Few |
Fair |
Yes |
Partial |
Long |
Freq |
High |
|
This VSR is located in the Pak Mong
Village near Tai Ho Wan. The existing view towards northwest is characterized
by low-rise residential buildings, recreational place and plantation of the
villages. The skyscape forms the background to this view. This VSR represents
residents of villages in Tai Ho at low level views, which would have more
attention to the visual amenity. The
VSR would be highly sensitive to any changes in the viewing experience. So
the overall sensitivity is considered to be ‘High’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 29b |
Near Tai Ho |
Recreational |
800 |
Few |
Fair |
Yes |
Partial |
Short |
Occ |
Medium |
|
This VSR is located in the Pak Mong Village
near Tai Ho Wan. The existing view towards northwest is characterized by
low-rise residential buildings, recreational place and plantation of the
villages. The skyscape forms the background to this view. This VSR represents
hiker and visitors of Tai Ho along the designated trails at low level views,
which would take the existing view as the secondary view and have short time
duration of view. So the overall
sensitivity is considered to be ‘Medium’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 30 |
Near Ma Wan
New Village |
Residential |
700 |
Medium |
Fair |
Yes |
Partial |
Long |
Freq |
High |
|
This VSR is located in the Ma Wan New
Village near Tung Chung Road. The existing view towards west is characterized
by matured plantation, traffic roads and low-rise residential buildings in a
close view. High-rise residential buildings of Yat Tung Estate and natural
upland hillside of Lantau North Country Park form the background to this
view. This VSR represents residents of Ma Wan New Village, which would pay
more attention to the visual amenity and be highly sensitive to any changes
in the viewing experience. So the overall sensitivity is considered to be
‘High’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 31 |
Yat Tung
Estate |
Residential |
200 |
Many |
Fair |
Yes |
Partial |
Long |
Freq |
High |
|
This VSR is located at Chung Yan Road near
Yat Tung Estate. The existing view towards northeast is characterized by
plantation along the Chung Yan Road, the hillside of Ma Wan Shan and
high-rise buildings of Yat Tung Estate in a close view. The mid-rise building
of North Lantau Hospital contains the view in a middle distance. The
mountains of Lantau North Country Park form the background to this view. The
VSR represents residents of Yat Tung Estate, which would pay more attention
to the visual amenity and be highly sensitive to any changes in the viewing
experience. So the overall sensitivity is considered to be “High”. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 32 |
Yu Tung Court |
Residential |
200 |
Many |
Fair |
Yes |
Partial |
Long |
Freq |
High |
|
This VSR is located near the Yu Tung Court
residential buildings. The existing view towards southwest is characterized
by middle-rise buildings of Lantau District Police Headquarters and Tung
Chung Fire Station-cum ambulance Depot, together with traffic roads and
plantation in a close view. The high-rise buildings of Yat Tung Estate and
mountains of Lantau North Country Park form the background to this view. The
VSR represents the residents of Yu Tung Court and Fu Tung Estate. At high
levels of these buildings, the landscape of Tung Chung Valley can be seen as
well in the far distance. The residents would pay more attention to the visual
amenity and be highly sensitive to any changes in the viewing experience. So
the overall sensitivity is considered to be ‘High’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 33 |
Ngong Ping 360
Cable Car – facing south |
Recreational |
800 |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Full |
Short |
Occ |
Medium |
|
This VSR is located in the elevated line
of Ngong Ping 360 Cable Car. The existing view facing northeast to south is
characterized by the whole urban development of Tung Chung Town and Tung
Chung Valley. The ridgeline and mountains of Por Kai Shan and Lantau North
Country Park form the background to this view. The VSR represent passengers
and visitors of Ngong Ping 360 Cable Car, which would experience a good
quality of view but with short duration. The VSR would be moderately
sensitive to the visual changes. The overall sensitivity is considered to be
‘Medium’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 34a |
Tung Chung
Fort |
Residential |
200 |
Medium |
Fair |
Yes |
Partial |
Long |
Freq |
High |
|
This VSR is located at Tung Chung Fort in
the Wong Ka Wai Village. The existing view towards northwest is characterized
by heritage structures of Tung Chung Fort, low-rise village buildings and
scattered vegetation in a close view. The high-rise buildings of Yat Tung
Estate contain the view in a middle distance. Natural hillsides between San
Tau and Ngau Au form the background to this view. This VSR represents the
residents of villages near Tung Chung Fort, which would experience a long
duration of view and be highly sensitive to any visual changes. The overall
sensitivity is considered as ‘High’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 34b |
Tung Chung
Fort |
Recreational |
200 |
Medium |
Fair |
Yes |
Partial |
Short |
Occ |
Medium |
|
This VSR is located at Tung Chung Fort in
the Wong Ka Wai Village. The existing view towards northwest is characterized
by heritage structures of Tung Chung Fort, low-rise village buildings and
scattered vegetation in a close view. The high-rise buildings of Yat Tung
Estate contain the view in a middle distance. Natural hillsides between San
Tau and Ngau Au form the background to this view. This VSR represents the
visitors of Tung Chung Fort, which would take the existing view as a
secondary view and experience short duration of view. The VSR would be
moderately sensitive to any visual changes. The overall sensitivity is
considered as ‘Medium’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 35 |
Open Sea east
to Chek Lap Kok |
Transportation |
1600 |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Full |
Short |
Occ |
Low |
|
This VSR is located at the Sailing Line
from Tuen Mun to Tai O. The existing view towards southwest is characterized
by inshore sea water and many logistic ships for land reclamation. The
ridgelines and hillsides of Por Kai Shan together with high-rise buildings of
Tung Chung Town form the background to this view. This VSR represents the
ferry travellers from Tuen Mun to Tung Chung or Tai O, which would experience
a short duration of view and not focus too much on the visual amenity. The
VSR would be slightly sensitive to any visual changes. The overall
sensitivity is considered as ‘Low’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 36 |
North Lantau
Expressway |
Transportation |
1200 |
Many |
Good |
Yes |
Glimpse |
Short |
Occ |
Low |
|
This VSR is located at the North Lantau
Expressway near Tai Ho Wan. The existing view towards west is characterized
by this main transportation corridor with heavy traffic and plantation along
both sides of the road in a close view. In the far distance, the slopes of
Por Kai Shan and Tung Chung Town form the background to this view. This VSR
represents passengers and drivers through the North Lantau Expressway. With a
high speed passing this main transportation corridor, the users would just
have a glimpse of existing development and short duration of view. The
overall sensitivity is considered as ‘Low’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 37 |
Siu Ho Wan |
Occupational |
1200 |
Few |
Good |
Yes |
Full |
Short |
Occ |
Medium |
|
This VSR is located in the Siu Ho Wan
Depot, north of the North Lantau Expressway. The existing view towards
southwest is characterized by tracks and infrastructures of MTR Tung Chung
Line and MTR Airport Express Line in a close view. The inshore sea water and
hillsides of Por Kai Shan contains the view in the middle distance. High-rise
development in Tung Chung, HKIA and HKBCF island form the background to this
view. This VSR represents workers in the Siu Ho Wan Depot, which would take
the existing view as a secondary view and experience short duration of view.
The overall sensitivity is considered as ‘Medium’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 38a |
Shek Lau Po |
Residential |
0 |
Few |
Fair |
Yes |
Partial |
Long |
Freq |
High |
|
This VSR is located in Shek Lau Po Village
of Tung Chung Valley. The existing view towards north is characterized by
agricultural land, cottages, temporary parking area and rural vegetation in a
close view. Middle-rise buildings of YMCA of Hong Kong Christian College and
Caritas Charles Vath College together with hillsides between San Tau and Ngau
Au form the background to this view. This VSR represents the residents of
Shek Lau Po Village, which would pay more attention to the visual amenity and
experience a long duration of view. The VSR would be highly sensitive to any visual
changes. The overall sensitivity is considered as ‘High’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 38b |
Shek Lau Po |
Occupational |
0 |
Few |
Fair |
Yes |
Partial |
Short |
Occ |
Medium |
|
This VSR is located in Shek Lau Po Village
of Tung Chung Valley. The existing view towards north is characterized by
agricultural land, cottages, temporary parking area and rural vegetation in a
close view. Mid-rise buildings of YMCA of Hong Kong Christian College and
Caritas Charles Vath College together with hillsides between San Tau and Ngau
Au form the background to this view. This VSR represents the construction
workers nearby and visitors walking through Shek Lau Po Village, which would
take the existing view as a secondary view and experience short duration of
view. The VSR would be moderately
sensitive to any visual changes. The overall sensitivity is considered as
‘Medium’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 39 |
Near Wong Ka
Wai |
Residential |
300 |
Medium |
Fair |
Yes |
Partial |
Long |
Freq |
High |
|
This VSR is located in the entrance of
Wong Ka Wai Village near the Tung Chung Road. The existing view towards
northwest is characterized by traffic road, site hoarding, construction
equipment and temporary buildings of the construction site in the Tung Chung
Valley in a close view. The hillsides
of Lantau North Country Park and Ngong Ping 360 Cable Line form the
background to this view. The existing visual amenity is poor due to the
construction works nearby. This VSR represents the residents in Wong Ka Wai
Village, which would be highly sensitive to any visual change. The overall
sensitivity is considered as ‘High’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 40a |
Tuen Mun South
Coast |
Residential |
7000 |
Many |
Good |
Yes |
Full |
Long |
Freq |
High |
|
This VSR is located near the Tuen Mun
Promenade, south coast of Tuen Mun. The existing view towards south is
characterized by open seascape, HKIA island and development of Tung Chung
Town in the far distance (approx. 7000m).
The ridgelines and mountains of Por Kai Shan and Lantau North Country
Park form the background to this view. This VSR represents the residents of
high-rise residential buildings near Tuen Mun South Coast, such as Richland
Garden, Miami Beach and Marina Garden. These residents at high levels would
take the existing view as principle view and be highly sensitive to any
visual change. The overall sensitivity is considered as ‘High’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 40b |
Tuen Mun South
Coast |
Recreational |
7000 |
Many |
Good |
Yes |
Full |
Short |
Occ |
Medium |
|
This VSR is located near the Tuen Mun
Promenade, south coast of Tuen Mun. The existing view towards south is
characterized by open seascape, HKIA island and development of Tung Chung
Town in the far distance (approx. 7000m).
The ridgelines and mountains of Por Kai Shan and Lantau North Country
Park form the background to this view. This VSR represents the visitors to
Tuen Mun South Coast at low level views, which would take the existing view
as secondary view and experience short duration of view. The VSR would be
moderately sensitive to any visual change. The overall sensitivity is
considered as ‘Medium’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 41 |
Along Tuen Mun
Road and Castle Peak Road |
Transportation |
8000 |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Glimpse |
Short |
Occ |
Low |
|
This VSR is located at Tuen Mun Road and
Castle Peak Road. The existing view towards southwest is characterized by
traffic roads, plantation of modified slopes and open seascape in a close
view. The ridgeline of Por Kai Shan, North Lantau High Expressway and HKBCF
island form the background to this view. This VSR represents passengers and
drivers along the trunk road, which would experience a short duration of view
due to the high traffic speed. The users would be slightly sensitive to any
visual change. The overall sensitivity is considered as ‘Low’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 42 |
Tai Lam
Country Park |
Recreational |
9500 |
Medium |
Good |
Yes |
Full |
Short |
Occ |
Medium |
|
This VSR is located in the designated
public trails in the Tai Lam Country Park. The existing view towards
southwest is characterized by urban development of Tuen Mun, upland hillsides
of Tai Lam Country Park, open seascape in a close view. The ridgelines and
mountains of Por Kai Shan and Lantau North Country Park, development of Tung
Chung Town contain the far distance view. This VSR represents the hikers of
the Tai Lam Country Park, which would take the existing view as a secondary
view and experience a short duration of view. The overall sensitivity is
considered as ‘Medium’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 43 |
HKBCF |
Transportation/ Occupational/ Recreational |
830 |
Few |
Good |
Yes |
Full |
Short |
Occ |
Medium |
|
This VSR is located in the reclamation
island of HKBCF which is still under construction. The existing view towards
southwest is characterized by open inshore water, high-rise development of
Tung Chung Town and North Lantau High Expressway. The ridgelines and
mountains of Por Kai Shan and Lantau North Country Park form the background
to this view. This VSR represents future customs staffs, visitors to the
hotels, shopping and entertainment facilities of Topside Development at HKBCF
island, and those passengers and drivers crossing the HKBCF island. These
users would take the existing view as a secondary view and experience a short
duration of view. The VSR would be moderately sensitive to any visual change.
The overall sensitivity is considered as ‘Medium’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 44 |
HKLR |
Transportation |
1300 |
Few |
Good |
Yes |
Glimpse |
Short |
Occ |
Low |
|
This VSR is located in the construction
area of Hong Kong Link Road (HKLR). The existing view towards south is
characterized by inshore sea water of Tung Chung Bay, natural vegetation of
Ma Wan Hill, high-rise development of Tung Chung Town and low-rise
development of Tung Chung Valley. The upland hillsides of Lantau North
Country Park form the background to this view. This VSR represents future
passengers and drivers through HKLR, which would experience a short duration
of view due to the high traffic speed. The future users would be slightly
sensitive to any visual change. The overall sensitivity is considered as
‘Low’. |
||||||||||
|
VSR 45 |
TMCLKL |
Transportation |
400 |
Few |
Good |
Yes |
Glimpse |
Short |
Occ |
Low |
|
This VSR is located in the reclamation
island of HKBCF and the proposed construction area of Tuen Mun – Chek Lap Kok
Link (TMCLKL). The existing view towards south is characterized by urban
development of Tung Chung Town Centre, North Lantau High Expressway and
hillsides of Por Kai Shan. The ridgelines of Lantau North Country Park form
the background to this view. This VSR represents future passengers and
drivers through TMCLKL, which would experience a short duration of view due
to the high traffic speed. The future users would be slightly sensitive to
any visual change. The overall sensitivity is considered as ‘Low’. |
||||||||||
11.10
Visual Impact Assessment before Mitigation
·
The proposed development is likely to
obstruct existing views from the waterfront of Tung Chung Bay, HKIA Island and
south coastal area of Tuen Mun towards the forested mountains of
North Lantau (Extension) Country Park, views inside the Tung Chung New Town and
Tung Chung Valley facing the open seascape to the north, and also including
views between existing built forms inside the Visual Envelope.
·
The potential sources of visual impacts
due to the development are described in the following
paragraphs. They will create different levels of visual impact during the
construction and operational phases, taking into account various factors such
as visual obstruction, degradation the quality of existing views and incompatibility
with the surrounding landscape setting.
11.10.1 Sources of Visual Impacts
11.10.1.1 As
discussed in Section 11.4.3, the
current RODP has incorporated a number of initiatives at the outset to avoid
and minimize visual impacts as much as practicable. Nevertheless, that would
still be certain visual impacts. During the construction phase, potential
visual impacts will generally be resulted from the following:
·
Since the main construction works of the
development include site clearance, site formation,
erection of buildings and structures, built of infrastructures, appearance of
new urban roads, together with the reclamation works in the Tung Chung East,
all those construction activities in different stages will lead to potential
visual impacts on the surrounding VSRs.
·
In TCW, the existing area is composed of
natural vegetation, low density villages, agricultural lands, watercourses and
coastal areas. Site clearance and formation works such as demolition of some
structures, tree removal/ transplantation and other vegetation removal,
earthworks and construction activities themselves would lead to degradation of
existing views quality facing this area.
·
In TCE, the appearance of reclamation
works with many working boats and relative equipment would make the
incompatibility with the open seascape. The further erection of high-rise
buildings would cause visual obstruction of the forested North Lantau Country
Park as well.
·
Construction of Road P1 Extension would
require additional reclamation and viaduct works. This would generate negative
visual impacts due to the appearance of engineering works and road form to the
north of the existing highway.
·
Construction of two Tung Chung Service
Reservoirs involving tree removal, cutting of slope, installation works under
the pavement of existing roads and operation of
construction works would generate negative visual impacts due to the appearance
of construction activities and loss of vegetation cover.
·
Stockpiling of construction and demolition
materials in the working area, including existing
topsoil, storage of construction equipment and mechanical plant would generate
negative visual impact as a result of these operations intruding into existing
views.
·
Construction of at-grade and above ground
infrastructure facilities including, bridges, viaducts, interchanges, roads and
noise barriers are likely to generate negative intruding into existing views.
·
Temporary structures within the Project
Site including site offices, boundary fencing and parking areas would generate
degradation of aesthetical value and incompatibility of existing views.
·
Re-alignment of roads would generate
negative landscape and visual impacts due to the visibility of construction
operations and the scale of the construction footprint.
·
Glare from the working areas
during the night time construction period.
11.10.1.2 During
the operational phase, potential visual impacts will be resulted from the
following:
·
In TCW, the new buildings and roads in the
PDAs would cause the obstruction of existing views
facing the Tung Chung Valley. The appearance of new urban infrastructures and
loss of landscape resources would be incompatible with the existing landscape
settings and degrade the views quality as well.
·
In TCE, the appearance of new reclamation
land and its development would cause
visual intruding into the existing view, blockage of views to the landscape
resources and loss of panoramic sea views.
·
Operation of new roads including
intersections and viaducts of Road P1 Extension would generate negative visual
impacts due to the potential obstruction of existing views visibility
of new structures, and traffic movements.
·
Operation of two service reservoirs would
generate negative visual impacts due to the new establishment of cut-slopes,
new structures and traffic movements.
·
Provisions of noise mitigation structures
are likely to generate some adverse visual impacts due to the appearance of new
built form and potential to obstruct existing views.
·
Residual impacts from loss of landscape
resources during the construction phase would generate negative visual impacts
in the short term of operational phase until compensation has established and
replaced these resources.
·
Glare caused by the night
time operation.
11.10.2 Magnitude of Change to VSRs
11.10.2.1 The magnitude of visual change depends on a number of factors as outlined in the methodology of visual assessment, and with considering of the potential sources of visual impact above.
11.10.2.2 The magnitude of change on VSRs is presented in Tables 11.20 below.
Table 11.20 Magnitude of Change on VSRs
|
VSR Code |
Name |
Blockage of View (Full/ Partial/ Nil) |
Appro Closest Viewing Dist to PDAs (m) |
Compatibility with Surrounding Landscape (Good/ Fair/ Poor) |
Duration of Impact (Temporary / Permanent) |
Reversibility of Change (Reversible/ Irreversible) |
Magnitude of Change (Large/ Intermediate/ Small/ Negligible) |
||||
|
CON |
OP |
CON |
OP |
CON |
OP |
CON |
OP |
||||
|
Description of
impacts during Construction and Operation |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 1 |
Near Asia
World Expo |
Partial |
2200 |
Poor |
Fair |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed TCE reclamation land, Road P1 Extension and TMCLKL road.
As a result of the far distance, a moderate scale of mid-rise and high-rise
buildings on the proposed reclamation land with connection roads would be
visible, while the ridgeline of Por Kai Shan would still be noticeable. Views
towards the construction works would involve reclamation works, viaduct works
and further activities to form new urban buildings and infrastructures on the
land. Operational views would include appearance of new urban development of
TCE and traffic roads. Due to
moderate scale of the development in the view combined with a poor
compatibility with the existing landscape during construction and a fair
compatibility during operation, the magnitude of change during construction
and operation is considered to be “Intermediate”. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 2 |
East Coast
Road |
Partial |
1600 |
Poor |
Poor |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed TCE reclamation land. As a result of the far distance, a
moderate scale of mid-rise and high-rise buildings on the proposed
reclamation land would be visible. Views towards the construction works would
involve reclamation works and further activities to form new urban buildings
and infrastructures. Operational views would include appearance of new urban
development of TCE. Due to moderate scale of the development
in the view combined with a poor compatibility with the existing landscape,
the magnitude of change during construction and operation is considered to be
“Intermediate”. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 3 |
Near CNAC
(Group) Tower |
Partial |
1200 |
Poor |
Poor |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed TCE reclamation land. As a result of the far distance, a
moderate scale of mid-rise and high-rise buildings on the proposed
reclamation land would be visible. Views towards the construction works
would involve reclamation works and further activities to form the urban
buildings and infrastructures on the new land. Operational views would
include appearance of new urban development of TCE. Due to moderate scale of the development
in the view combined with a poor compatibility with the existing natural
landscape, the magnitude of change during construction and operation is
considered to be “Intermediate”. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 4 |
Near Sitting
out area |
Partial |
1000 |
Poor |
Poor |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Large |
Large |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed TCE reclamation land. Despite of the far distance, there
is no blockage and hence a large scale of urban development on the proposed
reclamation land would be visible. Views towards the construction works
would involve reclamation works and further activities to form the urban
buildings and infrastructures on the new land. Operational views would
include appearance of new urban development of TCE. Due to large scale of the development in
the view combined with a poor compatibility with the existing natural
landscape, the magnitude of change during construction and operation is
considered to be “Large”. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 5 |
Scenic Hill
East |
Partial |
1200 |
Poor |
Poor |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Large |
Large |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed TCE reclamation land with TMCLKL road. As a result of
the far distance with elevated views, and with blockage of the under
construction high-rise buildings of Century Link and The Visionary, the substantial
loss of visual element and a large
scale of urban development on the proposed reclamation land would be
noticeable. Views towards the construction works
would involve reclamation works, viaduct works and further activities to form
the urban buildings and infrastructures. Operational views would include
appearance of new urban development of TCE.
Due to large scale of the development in
the view combined with a poor compatibility with the existing natural
landscape, the magnitude of change during construction and operation is
considered to be “Large”. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 6 |
Scenic Hill
West |
Partial |
700 |
Fair |
Fair |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed development of TCW with Area 27 and Area 39. As a result
of the far distance to the Tung Chung Bay at elevated views, together with
the blockage of matured vegetation along the conserved coastline, a moderate
scale of low-medium density urban development would be noticeable. Views towards the construction works
would involve site clearance, site formation and erection of building
structures. Operational views would include appearance of new mid-rise
buildings in low-medium density and a small footprint of high-rise buildings
near the proposed MTR station of TCW. Due to
moderate scale of the development in the view combined with a fair
compatibility with the surrounding landscape, the magnitude of change during
construction and operation is considered to be “Intermediate”. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 7 |
Near Chek Lap
Kok Road |
Partial |
750 |
Fair |
Fair |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed development of TCW with Area 39. As a result of the
middle distance at low level views, a moderate scale of high-rise residential
buildings and mid-rise buildings near the Tung Chung Bay would be visible. Views towards the construction works
would involve site clearance, site formation and erection of buildings’
structures. Operational views would include appearance of new urban
development of TCW. Due to moderate scale of the development
in the view combined with a fair compatibility with the existing natural
landscape, the magnitude of change during construction and operation is
considered to be “Intermediate”. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 8 |
Near Tung
Chung Waterfront |
Partial |
200 |
Fair |
Fair |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Small |
Small |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed development of TCW near Tung Chung Bay. As a result of
the blockage of Ma Wan Shan and far viewing distance to Tung Chung Bay, a
small scale of mid-rise buildings near the Tung Chung Bay would be visible. Views towards the construction works
would involve site clearance, site formation and activity to form mid-rise
buildings. Operational views would include appearance of mid-rise residential
and commercial buildings. Due to
small scale of the development in the view combined with a fair compatibility
with the existing natural landscape, the magnitude of change during
construction and operation is considered to be “Small”. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 9 |
Tung Chung
Battery |
Partial |
20 |
Good |
Good |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Negligible |
Negligible |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed TCW near Tung Chung Bay. As a result of the blockage of
natural vegetation on Ma Wan Shan at low level views, none of the buildings
in urban development would be visible, and only the existing open space would
be noticeable. Since Ma Wan Shan would be remained as
open space in the proposed development, views towards the construction and
operation would have insignificant visual change. Due to
the blockage of natural vegetation on Ma Wan Shan in the view, the magnitude
of change during construction and operation would be considered as
‘Negligible’. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 10 |
Ma Wan Chung
Pier – facing northeast |
Partial |
150 |
Good |
Good |
Temporary |
Temporary |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Negligible |
Negligible |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed TCW and TCE. As a result of the blockage of the natural
hillside of Ma Wan Shan at low level views, none of the development of TCE
would be visible, and only the existing open space of TCW would be visible. Since Ma Wan Shan would be remained as
open space in the proposed development, views towards the construction and
operation would have insignificant visual change. Due to the blockage of natural hillside
of Ma Wan Shan in the view, the magnitude of change during construction and
operation would be considered as ‘Negligible’. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 11 |
Ma Wan Chung
Pier – facing southwest |
Partial |
200 |
Fair |
Fair |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed development of TCW near the Tung Chung Bay. As a result
of the close distance, a moderate scale of mid-rise buildings near the Tung
Chung Bay would be visible. Views towards the construction works
would involve site clearance, site formation and erection of mid-rise
buildings’ structures. Operational views would include appearance of mid-rise
residential and commercial buildings belong to new urban development. Due to moderate scale of the development
in the view combined with a fair compatibility with the existing natural
landscape, the magnitude of change during construction and operation is
considered to be “Intermediate”. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 12 |
Near Ying Hei
Road |
Full |
180 |
Poor |
Poor |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Large |
Large |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed TCE reclamation land. As a result of the close distance
at low level views, a large scale of urban developments on the reclamation
land would be noticeable. Views towards the construction works
would involve activity to form urban buildings due to the blockage of
plantation. Operational views would include appearance of new urban
development on the reclamation land. Due to
the large scale of the development of TCE in the view combined with poor
compatibility with surrounding landscape, the magnitude of change during
construction and operation would be considered as ‘Large’. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 13 |
Hilltop of
Planned Open Space – facing northwest |
Partial |
0 |
Poor |
Poor |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Large |
Large |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed development of TCW. As a result of adjacent to the
development with elevated views, a large scale of high-rise residential
buildings at the Ma Wan Shan would be visible in the view towards Tung Chung
Bay. Views towards the construction works
would involve activity to form high-rise buildings. Operational views would
include appearance of high-rise residential buildings and the large scale
visual obstruction created by those buildings. Due to
large scale of the development in the view combined with a poor compatibility
with the existing natural landscape, the magnitude of change during
construction and operation is considered to be “Large”. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 14 |
Hilltop of
Planned Open Space – facing southwest |
Partial |
0 |
Good |
Good |
Temporary |
Temporary |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Negligible |
Negligible |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed TCW and additional two service reservoirs. As a result
of the blockage of the natural vegetation on the Ma Wan Shan and hillsides of
Lantau North Country Park, only a small scale of additional two service
reservoirs would be visible. Views towards the construction works
would only involve cut and fill slope works. Operational views would include
appearance of a small part of new service reservoirs. Due to
the small scale of the development in the view combined with a good
compatibility with existing landscape, with the blockage of natural
hillsides, the magnitude of change during construction and operation would be
considered as ‘Negligible’. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 15 |
Near Yat Tung
Shopping Centre |
Full |
40 |
Poor |
Poor |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Large |
Large |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed development of TCW. As a result of adjacent to the
development, a large scale of high-rise residential buildings would be
visible in the view towards the natural hillside of Lantau North Country Park.
Views towards the construction works
would only involve activity to form high-rise buildings. Operational views
would include appearance of high-rise residential buildings next to the Yat
Tung Shopping Centre and the large scale visual obstruction created by those
buildings. Due to
large scale of the development in the view combined with a poor compatibility
with the existing natural landscape, the magnitude of change during
construction and operation is considered to be “Large”. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 16 |
Hau Wong Temple |
Partial |
0 |
Fair |
Fair |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Small |
Small |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed TCW development near the Tung Chung Bay. As a result of
being located in the proposed open space, the users would only notice a small
scale of high-rise residential buildings near the Yat Tung Estate in the
future. Views towards the construction works
would only involve erection of high-rise buildings due to the blockage of
plantation. Operational views would include appearance of new high-rise
residential buildings in front of the Yat Tung Estate. Due to the small scale of the
development in the view combined with a fair compatibility with existing
modern urban landscape, the magnitude of change during construction and
operation would be considered as ‘Small’. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 17 |
Near Tung
Chung Stream |
Full |
0 |
Poor |
Poor |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed development of TCW along the Tung Chung Stream. As a
result of adjacent to the development, with blockage of natural vegetation
inside the about 30m wide buffer zone, a moderate scale of low-medium density urban
development would be visible. Views towards the construction works
would only involve erection of mid-rise buildings’ structures, due to the
blockage of conserved vegetation at low level views. Operational views would
include appearance of mid-rise buildings belong to new urban development at
the backside of the natural vegetation. Due to moderate scale of the development
in the view combined with a poor compatibility with the existing natural
landscape, the magnitude of change during construction and operation is
considered to be “Intermediate”. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 18 |
Bus Station
near Fu Tung Street (Indicative Plan below refers) |
Nil |
1200 |
Good |
Good |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Small |
Small |
|
The VSR
would mainly experience views towards the proposed TCE reclamation land. As a
result of blockage of high-rise buildings in Seaview Crescent and Citygate, a
small scale of further high-rise building on the proposed reclamation land
would be noticeable. Views
towards the construction works would only involve erection of high-rise
buildings. Operational views would include appearance of a small scale of new
high-rise residential buildings on the reclamation land. Due to
the small scale of the development in the view combined with a good compatibility
with surrounding modern urban landscape, the magnitude of change during
construction and operation would be considered as ‘Small’. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 19a |
Near Ngau Au |
Partial |
200 |
Fair |
Good |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed development near the Tung Chung Bay. As a result of the
close distance at the low level views, with blockage of vegetation in the
conservation area, a moderate scale of high-rise residential buildings and
mid-rise government and commercial buildings would be visible. Views towards the construction works
would involve site formation and activities to form buildings and
infrastructures. Operational views would include appearance of new high-rise
and mid-rise buildings above ground. Due to
moderate scale of the development in the view combined with a fair
compatibility with the existing landscape during construction and a good
compatibility with existing urban landscape during operation, the magnitude
of change during construction and operation is considered to be
“Intermediate”. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 19b |
Near Ngau Au |
Partial |
200 |
Fair |
Good |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
|
Same as
the above. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 20 |
Ngong Ping 360
Rescue Trail |
Partial |
250 |
Poor |
Poor |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Large |
Large |
|
The VSR is located on the ‘Tung O
Ancient Trail’, it would mainly experience views towards the proposed
development of TCW. As a result of the close distance with elevated views, a
large scale of urban development in the TCW area would be visible. Views towards the construction works
would involve site clearance works including vegetation transplant or
removal, site formation, erection of buildings or infrastructures.
Operational views would include large scale of new urban developments above
ground. Due to
large scale of the development in the view combined with a poor compatibility
with the existing natural landscape, the magnitude of change during
construction and operation is considered to be “Large”. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 21a |
Near San Tau |
Partial |
1400 |
Good |
Good |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Small |
Small |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed development of TCW. As a result of the far distance and
blockage by natural vegetation near San Tau at low level views, a small scale
of high-rise developments in the north of TCW would be noticeable. Views towards the construction works
would only involve the erection of building structures. Operational views
would include small scale of new high-rise residential buildings above
ground. Due to small scale of the development in
the view combined with a good compatibility with the existing landscape, the
magnitude of change during construction and operation is considered to be
“Small”. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 21b |
Near San Tau |
Partial |
1400 |
Fair |
Good |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Small |
Small |
|
Same as the
above. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 22a |
Near Yuen Tan
Temple |
Partial |
0 |
Poor |
Poor |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Large |
Large |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the south of the proposed TCW development. As a result of the close
distance to residential developments at low level views, a large scale of
middle-rise residential buildings in close view combined with high-rise
residential buildings in the middle distance view would be noticeable. Views towards the construction works
would only involve above ground infrastructure facilities due to the blockage
of natural vegetation surrounding Yuen Tan Temple. Operational views would
include appearance of new residential buildings together with degraded nature
of the view. Due to the poor compatibility and large
scale of the development of TCW in the view, the magnitude of visual change
during construction and operation would be considered as “Large”. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 22b |
Near Yuen Tan
Temple |
Partial |
0 |
Poor |
Poor |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Large |
Large |
|
Same as
the above. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 23a |
Lo Hon Temple |
Partial |
120 |
Fair |
Fair |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
|
The VSR
would mainly experience elevated views towards the proposed TCW development.
As a result of the close distance to the developments but with blockage of
tall trees in front of the Lo Hon Temple, a medium scale of buildings and
facilities would be visible. Views
towards the construction works would involve earthworks, site formation and
activities to form the buildings. Operational views would include new
high-rise residential buildings, urban facilities which lead to the blockage
of the view facing to the Tung Chung Bay.
Due to
the medium scale of the TCW in the view combined with a fair compatibility
with surrounding landscape, the magnitude of visual change during
construction and operation would be consider as “Intermediate”. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 23b |
Lo Hon Temple |
Partial |
120 |
Fair |
Fair |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
|
Same as
the above. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 24 |
Lantau North
Country Park facing West |
Partial |
1200 |
Fair |
Fair |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Small |
Small |
|
The VSR would mainly experience
panoramic views towards the proposed TCW site, two additional service
reservoirs and high-rise buildings in Area 27 and Area 39. As a result of the
elevated views at middle viewing distance, with blockage of proposed high-rise
buildings within Area 27 and Area 39 together with upland hillsides of Lantau
North Country Park, a small scale of mid-rise buildings, low-medium density
urban development and two additional service reservoirs would be noticeable. Views towards the construction works
would involve activities to form the buildings and infrastructures.
Operational views would include appearance of low-medium density urban
developments near the Tung Chung Bay and partial views of the two service
reservoirs. Due to the small scale of the
developments in the view combined with a fair compatibility with surrounding
landscape, the magnitude of visual change during construction and operation
would be considered as ‘Small’. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 25 |
Lantau North
Country Park – facing North |
Partial |
700 |
Fair |
Fair |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Small |
Small |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the north of the proposed TCW. As a result of the elevated views at
middle viewing distance, with the blockage of Ma Wan Shan, a small scale of
middle-rise buildings would be noticeable. Views towards the construction works
would only involve activity to form the buildings due to the blockage on the
ground level works. Operational views would include new above middle-rise
residential buildings on the Ma Wan Shan. Due to the small scale of the
development in the view combined with fair compatibility with surrounding
landscape, the magnitude of change during construction and operation would be
considered as ‘Small’. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 26 |
Tung Chung
Ferry Pier |
Partial |
800 |
Poor |
Poor |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Large |
Large |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed TCE reclamation land. As a result of the middle distance
without any obstruction at low level views, a large scale of developments on
the reclamation land would be noticeable. Views towards the construction works
would involve reclamation works and further activity to form buildings.
Operational views would include the new urban developments on the reclamation
land. Due to the large scale of the
development of TCE in the view combined with poor compatibility with
surrounding landscape, the magnitude of change during construction and
operation would be considered as ‘Large’. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 27a |
Near Yi Tung
Road |
Partial |
350 |
Poor |
Poor |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed TCE. As a result of the close distance at low level
views but with the blockage of the under construction high-rise building
developments in Tung Chung Area 53a, 54 and 55, a moderate scale of developments
on the reclamation land would be noticeable in the northwest direction. Views towards the construction works
would involve site formation and activity to form buildings on the
reclamation land. Operational views would include the new urban developments
on the reclamation land. Due to the moderate scale of the
development of TCE in the view combined with poor compatibility with
surrounding landscape, the magnitude of visual change during construction and
operation would be considered as ‘Intermediate’. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 27b |
Near Yi Tung
Road |
Partial |
350 |
Poor |
Poor |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
|
Same as
the above. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 28 |
Near Tung
Chung North Waterfront |
Partial |
0 |
Poor |
Poor |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Large |
Large |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed TCE reclamation. As a result of adjacent to the proposed
site, the whole footprint of the reclamation and further development would be
visible. Views towards the construction works
would mainly involve reclamation works and further activities to form the
urban development. Operational views would include new urban developments on
the reclamation land. Due to the large scale of the
development in the view combined with poor compatibility with surrounding
landscape, the magnitude of visual change during construction and operation
would be considered as ‘Large’. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 29a |
Near Tai Ho |
Partial |
800 |
Fair |
Fair |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Small |
Small |
|
The VSR
would mainly experience views towards the proposed TCE with TMCLKL. As a
result of blockage of village buildings in Pak Mong Village, a small scale of
TMCLKL road link would be noticeable. Views
towards the construction works would only involve the viaduct works.
Operational views would include appearance of new road links. Due to
the small scale of the development in the view combined with fair
compatibility with surrounding landscape, the magnitude of change during
construction and operation would be considered as ‘Small’. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 29b |
Near Tai Ho |
Partial |
800 |
Fair |
Fair |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Small |
Small |
|
Same as
the above. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 30 |
Near Ma Wan
New Village |
Partial |
700 |
Good |
Good |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Small |
Small |
|
This VSR would mainly experience views
towards the north of the proposed TCW. As a result of the far distance and
blockage of plantation and high-rise buildings in Yat Tung Estate, a small
scale of high-rise residential buildings would be visible. Views towards the construction works
would only involve the activity to form buildings. Operational views would
include appearance of new high-rise buildings. Due to the small scale of the
development in the view combined with good compatibility with surrounding
landscape, the magnitude of change during construction and operation would be
considered as ‘Small’. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 31 |
Yat Tung
Estate |
Partial |
200 |
Fair |
Fair |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Small |
Small |
|
This VSR would
mainly experience views towards the north of the proposed TCW. As a result of
the blockage of Ma Wan Shan and plantation along the Chung Yan Road at low
level views, a small scale of mid-rise residential buildings would be
noticeable. Views towards
the construction works would only involve the erection of buildings.
Operation views would include appearance of new mid-rise buildings. Due to the small
scale of the development in the view combined with fair compatibility with
surrounding landscape, the magnitude of change during construction and
operation would be considered as “Small”. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 32 |
Yu Tung Court |
Partial |
200 |
Good |
Good |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Small |
Small |
|
The VSR
would mainly experience views towards the proposed TCW. As a result of the
far distance, blockage of
buildings of Lantau District Police Headquarters and
Tung Chung Fire Station-cum ambulance Depot together with the narrow view
corridor, a small scale of high-rise buildings would be visible. Views
towards the construction works would only involve the erection of high-rise
buildings. Operation views would include appearance of new high-rise
buildings of the north of TCW. Due to the
small scale of the development in the view combined with good compatibility
with surrounding landscape, the magnitude of change during construction and
operation would be considered as “Small”. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 33 |
Ngong Ping 360
Cable Car – facing NE to S |
Partial |
800 |
Poor |
Fair |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Large |
Large |
|
The VSR
would mainly experience panoramic views towards the proposed TCW and TCE. As
a result of the middle distance to the development and elevated views, a large scale of urban development would be visible. Views
towards the construction works would involve reclamation works, vegetation
clearance, site formation and activities to form buildings and
infrastructures. Operation views would include appearance of most of the new
urban development footprint of TCW and TCE. Due to the
large scale of the development in the view combined with poor compatibility
with surrounding landscape during construction and fair during operation
stage, the magnitude of change during construction and operation would be
considered as “Large”. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 34a |
Tung Chung
Fort |
Partial |
200 |
Fair |
Fair |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
|
The VSR
would mainly experience views towards the proposed development near the Tung
Chung Bay of TCW. As a result of the middle distance and blockage of buildings of
Wong Kai Wai Village and Yat Tung Estate, a moderate scale of commercial buildings and mid-rise residential
buildings would be visible. Views
towards the construction works would only involve the activity to form
mid-rise buildings. Operation views would include appearance of new commercial
and residential buildings near the Tung Chung Bay. Due to the
moderate scale of the development in the view combined with fair
compatibility with surrounding landscape, the magnitude of change during
construction and operation would be considered as “Intermediate”. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 34b |
Tung Chung
Fort |
Partial |
200 |
Fair |
Fair |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
|
Same as
the above. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 35 |
Open Sea east
to Chek Lap Kok |
Partial |
1600 |
Poor |
Fair |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Large |
Large |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed TCE reclamation land and Road P1 Extension. As a result
of the substantial loss of visual elements by the reclamation and not any
blockage on the visual corridor, a large scale of reclamation land and
further development would be visible. Views towards the construction works
would mainly involve reclamation works, viaduct works for traffic corridors
and further activities to form the urban development. Operational views would
include new urban developments and traffic connection to the reclamation
land. Due to the large scale of the
development in the view combined with poor compatibility with surrounding
landscape during construction and fair compatibility during operation, the
magnitude of visual change during construction and operation would be
considered as ‘Large’. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 36 |
North Lantau
Expressway |
Partial |
1200 |
Poor |
Fair |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Large |
Large |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views towards
the east part of proposed TCE and Road P1 Extension. As a result of the
substantial loss of open sea view at low level views by the reclamation, a
large scale of urban development on reclamation land would be visible. Views towards the construction works
would mainly involve viaduct works, site formation and further activities to
form mid-rise or high-rise buildings. Operational views would include new
urban development and traffic connection to the reclamation land. Due to
the large scale of the development in the view combined with poor
compatibility with surrounding landscape during construction and fair
compatibility during operation, the magnitude of visual change during
construction and operation would be considered as ‘Large’. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 37 |
Siu Ho Wan |
Partial |
1200 |
Poor |
Poor |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Large |
Large |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed TCE reclamation land, Road P1 Extension and TMCLKL road.
As a result of the far distance but with no blockage on the visual corridor,
a large scale of reclamation works, viaducts and further urban development
would be visible. Views towards the construction works
would mainly involve reclamation works, viaduct works for traffic corridors
and further activities to form infrastructures and buildings. Operational
views would include new urban developments and traffic connection to the
reclamation land. Due to
the large scale of the development in the view combined with poor
compatibility with surrounding landscape, the magnitude of visual change
during construction and operation would be considered as ‘Large’. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 38a |
Shek Lau Po |
Partial |
0 |
Poor |
Poor |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Large |
Large |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed TCW. As a result of adjacent to the proposed
development, although with the blockage of buildings belong to YMCA of Hong Kong Christian College and Caritas Charles Vath College,
a large scale of mid-rise buildings together with traffic roads would be
visible. Views
towards the construction works would involve site clearance, site formation
and activity to form buildings. Operation views would include appearance of
new commercial and residential buildings, infrastructures and new connection
roads inside the TCW. Due to the
large scale of the development in the view combined with poor compatibility
with surrounding landscape, the magnitude of change during construction and
operation would be considered as “Large”. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 38b |
Shek Lau Po |
Partial |
0 |
Poor |
Poor |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Large |
Large |
|
Same as
the above. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 39 |
Near Wong Ka
Wai |
Full |
300 |
Fair |
Fair |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Large |
Large |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed TCW. As a result of the proposed high-rise residential
buildings blocking its view to the southwest, with a close distance to the
development, a large scale of mid-rise commercial and
high-rise residential buildings would be noticeable. Views
towards the construction works would only involve the activity to form
buildings. Operation views would include appearance of some new commercial
and residential buildings of the TCW. Due to the
large scale of the development in the view combined with fair compatibility
with surrounding landscape, the magnitude of change during construction and
operation would be considered as “Large”.
|
|||||||||||
|
VSR 40a |
Tuen Mun South
Coast |
Partial |
7000 |
Fair |
Fair |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Small |
Small |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed TCE reclamation land, Road P1 Extension and TMCLKL road.
As a result of the far away distance, a small scale of reclamation works and
further urban development would be visible. Views towards the construction works
would mainly involve reclamation works, viaduct works and further activities
to form infrastructures and buildings. But with far distance, the
construction works on the ground level could not be seen clearly. Operational
views would include new urban developments and traffic connection to the
reclamation land. Due to
the small scale of the development in the view combined with fair
compatibility with surrounding landscape, the magnitude of visual change
during construction and operation would be considered as ‘Small’. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 40b |
Tuen Mun South
Coast |
Partial |
7000 |
Fair |
Good |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Small |
Small |
|
Same as
the above. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 41 |
Along Tuen Mun
Road and Castle Peak Road |
Partial |
8000 |
Fair |
Good |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Negligible |
Negligible |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed TCE reclamation land, Road P1 Extension and TMCLKL road.
As a result of the far away distance, a small scale of reclamation works and
further urban development would be noticeable. Views towards the construction works
would mainly involve reclamation works, viaduct works and further activities
to form infrastructures and buildings. But with such far away distance, the
construction works could not be noticed by the users. Operational views would
include new urban developments and traffic connection to the reclamation
land, but would be relative small scale in the view. Due to
the small scale of the development in the view combined with fair
compatibility with surrounding landscape during construction and good
compatibility during operation, with over 8000m viewing distance, the
magnitude of visual change during construction and operation would be
considered as ‘Negligible’. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 42 |
Tai Lam
Country Park |
Partial |
9500 |
Fair |
Fair |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Small |
Small |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed reclamation lands of TCE, Road P1 Extension and TMCLKL
road. As a result of the far viewing distance with elevated views, a small
scale of reclamation works and further urban development would be noticeable.
Views towards the construction works
would mainly involve reclamation works, viaduct works and further activities
to form urban infrastructures and buildings. Operational views would include
new urban developments and traffic connection to this reclamation land, but
would be relative small scale in the view. Due to
the small scale of the development in the view combined with fair
compatibility with surrounding landscape, the magnitude of visual change
during construction and operation would be considered as ‘Small’. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 43 |
HKBCF |
Partial |
830 |
Poor |
Poor |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Large |
Large |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed reclamation lands of TCE, part of Road P1 Extension and
TMCLKL road. As a result of the middle viewing distance with no blockage on
the viewing corridor, a large scale of reclamation works and further urban
development would be noticeable. Views towards the construction works
would mainly involve reclamation works, viaduct works and further activities
to form urban infrastructures and buildings. Operational views would include
most of new urban developments of TCE and traffic connection to this
reclamation land. Due to
the large scale of the development in the view combined with poor
compatibility with surrounding landscape, the magnitude of visual change
during construction and operation would be considered as ‘Large’. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 44 |
HKLR |
Partial |
1300 |
Fair |
Fair |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed TCW. As a result of the far distance but with blockage
of natural vegetation in the Tung Chung Bay and hillsides of Lantau North
Country Park at low level views, a moderate
scale of high-rise residential buildings and some mid-rise buildings would be
noticeable. Views
towards the construction works would involve site clearance and formation
with the activity to form buildings. Operation views would include appearance
of new high-rise residential buildings and mid-rise buildings of the TCW. Due to the
moderate scale of the development in the view combined with fair
compatibility with surrounding landscape, the magnitude of change during
construction and operation would be considered as “Intermediate”. |
|||||||||||
|
VSR 45 |
TMCLKL |
Partial |
400 |
Poor |
Poor |
Temporary |
Permanent |
Irreversible |
Irreversible |
Large |
Large |
|
The VSR would mainly experience views
towards the proposed reclamation land of TCE. As a result of the close
distance with no blockage on the viewing corridor, a large scale of
reclamation works and further urban development on the land would be noticeable.
Views towards the construction works
would mainly involve reclamation works and further activities to form urban
infrastructures and buildings. Operational views would include appearance of
new urban developments of TCE on this reclamation land. Due to
the large scale of the development in the view combined with poor
compatibility with surrounding landscape, the magnitude of visual change
during construction and operation would be considered as ‘Large’. |
|||||||||||
*Land use type
impacting LR
·
RS – Residential Special
·
R1 – Residential 1
·
R2 – Residential 2
·
R3 – Residential 3
·
R4 – Residential 4
·
C – Commercial
·
G – Government
·
E – Education
·
OU – Other
Specified Uses
·
IC – Institution
and Community
·
DO – District Open
Space
·
RO – Regional Open
Space
·
V – Village
Development Area
·
CA – Conservation
Area
·
CPA – Coastal
Protection Area
·
AGR – Agriculture
·
GB – Green Belt
·
A – Amenity
·
Nil or N/A– the
RODP footprint not affecting the LCA
# CON –
Construction Stage
OP – Operation Stage
11.10.3 Significance of Impacts on VSRs Before Mitigation
11.10.3.1 Based on the sensitivity assessment of VSRs and the magnitude of change described above, the potential significance of the unmitigated visual impacts during the construction and operational phases have been evaluated.
11.10.3.2 The potential significance of visual impacts during the construction and operational phases, before mitigation, is provided in Tables 11.21 below. The assessment follows the methodology proposed in Section 11.3 and the matrix provided in Table 11.4.
Table 11.21 Significance of Impacts on VSRs before Mitigation
|
VSR
Code |
Name |
VSR
Sensitivity (High/ Medium/ Low) |
Magnitude
of Change (Large/ Intermediate/ Small/ Negligible |
Impact
Significance BEFORE Mitigation (Substantial/ Moderate/ Slight/
Insignificant) |
||
|
Con |
Op |
Con |
Op |
|||
|
VSR 1 |
Near Asia World Expo |
Medium |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
VSR 2 |
East Coast Road |
Low |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 3 |
Near CNAC (Group) Tower |
Low |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 4 |
Near Sitting out area |
Low |
Large |
Large |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
VSR 5 |
Scenic Hill East |
Medium |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
|
VSR 6 |
Scenic Hill West |
Medium |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
VSR 7 |
Near Chek Lap Kok Road |
Low |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 8 |
Near Tung Chung Waterfront |
Medium |
Small |
Small |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 9 |
Tung Chung Battery |
Medium |
Negligible |
Negligible |
Insignificant |
Insignificant |
|
VSR 10 |
Ma Wan Chung Pier – facing northeast |
Medium |
Negligible |
Negligible |
Insignificant |
Insignificant |
|
VSR 11 |
Ma Wan Chung Pier – facing southwest |
Medium |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
VSR 12 |
Near Ying Hei Road |
Low |
Large |
Large |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
VSR 13 |
Hilltop of Planned Open Space – facing northwest |
Medium |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
|
VSR 14 |
Hilltop of Planned Open Space – facing southwest |
Medium |
Negligible |
Negligible |
Insignificant |
Insignificant |
|
VSR 15 |
Near Yat Tung Shopping Centre |
High |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
|
VSR 16 |
Hau Wong Temple |
Medium |
Small |
Small |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 17 |
Near Tung Chung Stream |
Medium |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
VSR 18 |
Bus Station near Fu Tung Street (Indicative Plan below refers) |
Medium |
Small |
Small |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 19a |
Near Ngau Au |
High |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
VSR 19b |
Near Ngau Au |
Medium |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
VSR 20 |
Ngong Ping 360 Rescue Trail |
Medium |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
|
VSR 21a |
Near San Tau |
High |
Small |
Small |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
VSR 21b |
Near San Tau |
Medium |
Small |
Small |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 22a |
Near Yuen Tan Temple |
High |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
|
VSR 22b |
Near Yuen Tan Temple |
Medium |
Large |
Large |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
VSR 23a |
Lo Hon Temple |
High |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
VSR 23b |
Lo Hon Temple |
Medium |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
VSR 24 |
Lantau North Country Park – facing West |
Medium |
Small |
Small |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 25 |
Lantau North Country Park – facing North |
Medium |
Small |
Small |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 26 |
Tung Chung Ferry Pier |
Medium |
Large |
Large |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
VSR 27a |
Near Yi Tung Road |
High |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
VSR 27b |
Near Yi Tung Road |
Low |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 28 |
Near Tung Chung North Waterfront |
Medium |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
|
VSR 29a |
Near Tai Ho |
High |
Small |
Small |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
VSR 29b |
Near Tai Ho |
Medium |
Small |
Small |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 30 |
Near Ma Wan New Village |
High |
Small |
Small |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
VSR 31 |
Yat Tung Estate |
High |
Small |
Small |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
VSR 32 |
Yu Tung Court |
High |
Small |
Small |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
VSR 33 |
Ngong Ping 360 Cable Car – facing NE to S |
Medium |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
|
VSR 34a |
Tung Chung Fort |
High |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
VSR 34b |
Tung Chung Fort |
Medium |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
VSR 35 |
Open Sea east to Chek Lap Kok |
Low |
Large |
Large |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
VSR 36 |
North Lantau Expressway |
Low |
Large |
Large |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
VSR 37 |
Siu Ho Wan |
Medium |
Large |
Large |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
VSR 38a |
Shek Lau Po |
High |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
|
VSR 38b |
Shek Lau Po |
Medium |
Large |
Large |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
VSR 39 |
Near Wong Ka Wai |
High |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
|
VSR 40a |
Tuen Mun South Coast |
High |
Small |
Small |
Moderate |
Moderate |
|
VSR 40b |
Tuen Mun South Coast |
Medium |
Small |
Small |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 41 |
Along Tuen Mun Road and Castle Peak Road |
Low |
Negligible |
Negligible |
Insignificant |
Insignificant |
|
VSR 42 |
Tai Lam Country Park |
Medium |
Small |
Small |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 43 |
HKBCF |
Medium |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
|
VSR 44 |
HKLR |
Low |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 45 |
TMCLKL |
Low |
Large |
Large |
Moderate |
Moderate |
# CON – Construction Stage; OP – Operation
Stage
Significance of Visual Impacts before
Mitigation
11.10.3.3 During
the construction phase, the unmitigated visual impacts are adverse in nature
mainly due to blockage of views to the landscape resources by the construction
works, permanent loss of panoramic seaviews due to reclamation works,
degradation of visual quality of existing views and visual incompatibility of
the construction works with the surrounding.
11.10.3.4 During
the operational phase, adverse impacts will be resulted from the blockage of
views to the landscape resources by new structures, permanent loss of panoramic
seaviews and new urban infrastructures incompatible with the existing views of
rural landscape settings.
11.10.3.5 Substantial
adverse visual impacts would be experienced by VSR15 Near Yat Tung Shopping
Centre, VSR22a Near Yuen Tan Temple, VSR38a Shek Lau Po and VSR39 Near Wong Ka
Wai which have direct and close view of the TCW development. The adverse
impacts are caused by direct viewing of the construction works such as
construction of buildings and structures during the construction phase, and
full visibility of new urban infrastructures during the operational phase,
which would cause large magnitude of visual change. Based on their high visual
sensitivity as residential VSRs, substantial visual impacts would be generated.
Furthermore, VSR28 Near Tung Chung North Waterfront which represents the
viewing of the visitors in the existing reclamation land in TCE would be in
vicinity of the new reclamation area. Although with medium sensitivity, as the
large change of existing views, it would experience substantial visual impacts.
VSR43 HKBCF which represents the future customs staffs, visitors to the hotels, shopping and entertainment
facilities of Topside Development at HKBCF island would have a close and
panoramic view of the proposed TCE, based on the large
magnitude of visual change, it would
experience substantial visual impacts. The recreational VSR5
Scenic Hill East and VSR13 Hilltop of Planned Open Space-facing northwest are
in vicinity of TCE and TCW areas. They are predicted to have large changes of
view, so even with medium sensitivity, substantial visual impacts would be
generated. In the same situation, VSR20 Ngong Ping 360 Rescue Trail and VSR33
Ngong Ping 360 Cable Car-facing NE to S which would have panoramic views of the
development, with medium sensitivity and large magnitude of visual change,
those two VSRs would experience substantial impact during both construction and
operational stage.
11.10.3.6 Moderate
adverse impact would be experienced by VSR22b Near Yuen Tan
Temple and VSR38b Shek Lau Po. Although the two VSRs are in vicinity of the PDA
areas and predicted to have large changes of view, their medium sensitivity
with occasional frequency of viewing the PDAs would be resulted in moderate
impacts. VSR26 Tung Chung Ferry Pier and VSR37 Siu Ho Wan would be predicted to
have a full view of the reclamation area in the TCE, but since these VSRs
belong to recreational or occupational users which are moderately sensitive to
the changes, moderate impacts would be generated. VSR4 Near Sitting-out Area,
VSR12 Near Ying Hei Road, VSR35 Open Sea east to Check Lap Kok, VSR36 North
Lantau Expressway and VSR45 TMCLKL represent the passengers and drivers
crossing those traffic roads, which would have slightly sensitive to any visual
change. Although those five VSRs are predicted to have large change of view,
their low sensitivity would make them experience moderate adverse impacts.
11.10.3.7 Moderate
adverse visual impact would be predicted for those VSRs with medium sensitivity
and an intermediate change of existing view, due to the engineering works
during the construction phase and the appearance of new urban infrastructures
during the operational phase. The VSRs include VSR1 Near Asia World Expo, VSR6
Scenic Hill West, VSR11 Ma Wan Chung Pier-facing southwest, VSR17 Near Tung
Chung Stream, VSR19b Near Ngau Au, VSR23b Lo Hon Temple and VSR34b Tung Chung
Fort. For those high sensitivity residential VSRs, such as VSR19a Near Ngau Au,
VSR23a Lo Hon Temple, VSR27a Near Yi Tung Road
and VSR34a Near Tung Chung Fort, since they would experience intermediate
visual change due to the blockage of natural vegetation or plantation at
low-level views, the adverse impact would be considered as Moderate.
11.10.3.8 Moderate
adverse visual impact would be experienced by those residential VSRs, such as
VSR21a Near Ngau Au, VSR29a Near Tai Ho, VSR30 Near Ma Wan New Village,
VSR31Yat Tung Estate, VSR32 Yu Tung Court and VSR40a Tuen Mun South Coast. Due
to the far distance to the proposed development and large scale blockage of
vegetation and hillsides, the visual changes of those VSRs would be small.
While based on their high sensitivity, moderate visual impacts would be
predicted for them.
11.10.3.9 Slight
adverse visual impacts would be experienced by several VSRs facing to the TCE
development. VSR2 East Coast Road and
VSR3 Near CNAC(Group) Tower in the island of the HKIA can see the appearance
and construction of new reclamation area of TCE in part of the proportion of
the view. The users of these VSRs belong to the drivers and passengers on the
traffic roads, which have a low visual sensitivity to any visual change. So
slight impact would be generated under intermediate visual change. Similarly, VSR27b Near Yi Tung Road would have a direct view of the
reclamation land of TCE but with blockage of under construction high-rise
buildings in Tung Chung Areas 53a, 54 and 55, slight adverse impacts are
predicted in this visual receiver of low sensitivity with intermediate visual
change.
11.10.3.10 Slight
adverse visual impact would be identified in relation to several VSRs facing to
the TCW development. VSR7 Near Chek Lap Kok Road and VSR44 HKLR would
experience a highly visible of the construction works of the TCW. Site
formation, construction of buildings and structures would lead to visual
obstruction and degradation of visual amenity. Under intermediate visual change
with low sensitivity, they would both experience slight adverse impact.
11.10.3.11 Although
with a medium visual sensitivity, Slight adverse impact would be predicted due
to the small magnitude of visual change for these recreational VSRs such as
VSR8 Near Tung Chung Waterfront, VSR21b Near San Tau, VSR25 Lantau North
Country Park-facing North and VSR29b Near Tai Ho. VSR24 Lautau North Country
Park-facing west would have a panoramic views of the Tung Chung Bay, but with
blockage of proposed high-rise buildings in Area 27 and Area 39, together with
natural hillside of Lantau Country Park, the magnitude of visual change would
be considered as small, so slight adverse impact would be generated. And other
receivers with medium sensitivity like VSR16 Hau Wong Temple and VSR18 Bus
Station near Fu Tung Street, they would have a relative small change of view in
relation to the development, the impacts would be also considered as slight.
11.10.3.12 Slight
adverse impact would be experienced by VSR40b Tuen Mun South Coast and VSR42
Tai Lam Country Park both with medium sensitivity, which are in the Tuen Mun
area facing Tung Chung to the south. These two VSRs have a long viewing
distance (VSR40b with 7000m, VSR42 with 9500m) from the TCE and Extension of
Road P1. Since the magnitude of change would be small, only slight impact will
be experienced by them.
11.10.3.13 Insignificant
impact would be experienced for those following VSRs which have negligible
change of view in relation to the development. VSR9 Tung Chung Battery, VSR10
Ma Wan Chung Pier-facing northeast and VSR14 Hilltop of Planned Open Space-
facing northeast would notice nearly insignificant change because the new urban
infrastructures cannot be noticeable inside those views. VSR41 Along Tuen Mun
Road and Castle Peak Road which have a long viewing distance and a low
sensitivity with a busy traffic road would also experience an insignificant
impact.
11.10.3.14 Proposal
to construct additional two service reservoirs would require cut and fill slope
works of the hill to the south of Yat Tung Estate. Since there is already an
existing service reservoir within the vicinity, and with blockage of natural
hillsides, the magnitude change of view would be small, only
slight adverse visual impact would be anticipated due to the blending
appearance with surrounding areas.
11.11
Visual Mitigation Measures
11.11.1.1 The visual mitigation measures are discussed
collectively within landscape mitigation measure in Section 11.7.
11.12
Residual Visual Impacts upon Mitigation
11.12.1
Significance of Residual Visual Impacts
11.12.1.1 The
proposed mitigation measures, as described in Table 11.14 have been applied to the various impacts and potential
residual impacts identified. The
potential significance of residual visual impacts on VSRs during operation of
the development, completion day 1 and year 10 are provided in Table 11.22.
11.12.1.2 Photomontages
for VSR 3, 5, 6, 17, 20, 23, 24, 25, 26, 29, 33, 37, 40 and 43 (Figures
11.6a to 11.6bb)
have been generated to provide an views on the scale and extent of the proposed
development. It should be noted that the built form demonstrates scale and
massing only and it does not represent architectural design, finishes or any
other related detailed design components.
Table 11.22 Significance
of Visual Impacts in the Construction and Operational Phases
|
VSR ID |
Visual Sensitive Receiver |
Sensitivity (Low, Medium, High) |
Magnitude of Change in View before
Mitigation (N/A, Negligible, Small, Intermediate, Large) |
Impact significance threshold before
mitigation (N/A, Insignificant, Slight, Moderate,
Substantial) |
Recommended Mitigation Measures |
Residual Impact Significance Threshold
after Mitigation (N/A, Insignificant, Slight, Moderate, Substantial) |
||||
|
Con |
Op |
Con |
Op |
Con |
Op |
|||||
|
Day 1 |
Year 10 |
|||||||||
|
VSR 1 |
Near Asia World Expo |
Medium |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,9,12,13,14 15,20 |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 2 |
East Coast Road |
Low |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Slight |
Slight |
MM1,9,12,13,14 15,20 |
Slight |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 3 |
Near CNAC (Group) Tower |
Low |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Slight |
Slight |
MM1,9,12,13,14 15,20 |
Slight |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 4 |
Near Sitting out area |
Low |
Large |
Large |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,9,12,13,14 15,20 |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 5 |
Scenic Hill East |
Medium |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
MM1,9,12,13,14 15,20 |
Moderate |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight /
Moderate |
|
VSR 6 |
Scenic Hill West |
Medium |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,2,10,12,13,14 15,18,19,20 |
Moderate |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight /
Moderate |
|
VSR 7 |
Near Chek Lap Kok Road |
Low |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Slight |
Slight |
MM1,2,10,12,13,14 15,18,19,20 |
Slight |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 8 |
Near Tung Chung Waterfront |
Medium |
Small |
Small |
Slight |
Slight |
MM1,12,14 15,20 |
Slight |
Insignificant |
Insignificant |
|
VSR 9 |
Tung Chung Battery |
Medium |
Negligible |
Negligible |
Insignificant |
Insignificant |
N/A |
Insignificant |
Insignificant |
Insignificant |
|
VSR 10 |
Ma Wan Chung Pier – facing northeast |
Medium |
Negligible |
Negligible |
Insignificant |
Insignificant |
N/A |
Insignificant |
Insignificant |
Insignificant |
|
VSR 11 |
Ma Wan Chung Pier – facing southwest |
Medium |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,2,10,12,13,14 15,18,19,20 |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 12 |
Near Ying Hei Road |
Low |
Large |
Large |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,12,14 15,20 |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 13 |
Hilltop of Planned Open Space – facing northwest |
Medium |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
MM1,2,5,12,14 15,18,20 |
Moderate |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight /
Moderate |
|
VSR 14 |
Hilltop of Planned Open Space – facing southwest |
Medium |
Negligible |
Negligible |
Insignificant |
Insignificant |
MM11,18 |
Insignificant |
Insignificant |
Insignificant |
|
VSR 15 |
Near Yat Tung Shopping Centre |
High |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
MM1,5,12,14 15,20 |
Moderate |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight /
Moderate |
|
VSR 16 |
Hau Wong Temple |
Medium |
Small |
Small |
Slight |
Slight |
MM1,5,12,14 15,20 |
Slight |
Insignificant /
Slight |
Insignificant |
|
VSR 17 |
Near Tung Chung Stream |
Medium |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,12,13,14 15,17,19,20 |
Moderate |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight |
|
VSR 18 |
Bus Station near Fu Tung Street (Indicative Plan below refers) |
Medium |
Small |
Small |
Slight |
Slight |
MM1,14 15,20 |
Slight |
Insignificant |
Insignificant |
|
VSR 19a |
Near Ngau Au |
High |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,2,5,12,13,14 15,20 |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight |
Insignificant |
|
VSR 19b |
Near Ngau Au |
Medium |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,2,5,12,13,14 15,20 |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight |
Insignificant |
|
VSR 20 |
Ngong Ping 360 Rescue Trail |
Medium |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
MM1,2,5,12,13,14 15,17,18,19,20 |
Moderate |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight /
Moderate |
|
VSR 21a |
Near San Tau |
High |
Small |
Small |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,14,15,20 |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight |
Insignificant |
|
VSR 21b |
Near San Tau |
Medium |
Small |
Small |
Slight |
Slight |
MM1,14,15,20 |
Slight |
Insignificant |
Insignificant |
|
VSR 22a |
Near Yuen Tan Temple |
High |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
MM1,5,12,14 15,17,20 |
Moderate |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight/
Moderate |
|
VSR 22b |
Near Yuen Tan Temple |
Medium |
Large |
Large |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,5,12,14 15,17,20 |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 23a |
Lo Hon Temple |
High |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,2,5,12,13,14 15,20 |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 23b |
Lo Hon Temple |
Medium |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,2,5,12,13,14 15,20 |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 24 |
Lantau North Country Park – facing W |
Medium |
Small |
Small |
Slight |
Slight |
MM1,5,13,14 15,18,19,20 |
Slight |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 25 |
Lantau North Country Park – facing N |
Medium |
Small |
Small |
Slight |
Slight |
MM1,2,12,14 15,18,20 |
Slight |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 26 |
Tung Chung Ferry Pier |
Medium |
Large |
Large |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,12,14 15,20 |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 27a |
Near Yi Tung Road |
High |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,5,12,14 15,20 |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 27b |
Near Yi Tung Road |
Low |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Slight |
Slight |
MM1,5,12,14 15,20 |
Slight |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 28 |
Near Tung Chung North Waterfront |
Medium |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
MM1,5,12,14 15,20 |
Moderate /
Substantial |
Moderate |
Slight /
Moderate |
|
VSR 29a |
Near Tai Ho |
High |
Small |
Small |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,12,14,15,20 |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 29b |
Near Tai Ho |
Medium |
Small |
Small |
Slight |
Slight |
MM1,12,14,15,20 |
Slight |
Insignificant /
Slight |
Insignificant /
Slight |
|
VSR 30 |
Near Ma Wan New Village |
High |
Small |
Small |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,14,15,20 |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight |
Insignificant |
|
VSR 31 |
Yat Tung Estate |
High |
Small |
Small |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,2,5,12,14 15,18,20 |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight |
Insignificant |
|
VSR 32 |
Yu Tung Court |
High |
Small |
Small |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,14,15,20 |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight |
Insignificant |
|
VSR 33 |
Ngong Ping 360 Cable Car – facing NE to S |
Medium |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
MM1,2,9,12,13,14 15,17,18,19,20 |
Moderate |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight /
Moderate |
|
VSR 34a |
Tung Chung Fort |
High |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,2,12,14 15,17,18,20 |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 34b |
Tung Chung Fort |
Medium |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,2,12,14 15,17,18,20 |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 35 |
Open Sea east to Chek Lap Kok |
Low |
Large |
Large |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,12,14,15,20 |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 36 |
North Lantau Expressway |
Low |
Large |
Large |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,5,12,14 15,16,20 |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 37 |
Siu Ho Wan |
Medium |
Large |
Large |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,5,12,14 15,16,20 |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 38a |
Shek Lau Po |
High |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
MM1,2,5,12,13,14 15,16,20 |
Moderate |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight /
Moderate |
|
VSR 38b |
Shek Lau Po |
Medium |
Large |
Large |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,2,5,12,13,14 15,16,20 |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 39 |
Near Wong Ka Wai |
High |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
MM1,5,12,13,14 15,20 |
Moderate |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight |
|
VSR 40a |
Tuen Mun South Coast |
High |
Small |
Small |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,12,14 15,20 |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 40b |
Tuen Mun South Coast |
Medium |
Small |
Small |
Slight |
Slight |
MM1,12,14 15,20 |
Slight |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 41 |
Along Tuen Mun Road and Castle Peak Road |
Low |
Negligible |
Negligible |
Insignificant |
Insignificant |
N/A |
Insignificant |
Insignificant |
Insignificant |
|
VSR 42 |
Tai Lam Country Park |
Medium |
Small |
Small |
Slight |
Slight |
MM1,12,14 15,20 |
Slight |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 43 |
HKBCF |
Medium |
Large |
Large |
Substantial |
Substantial |
MM1,12,14 15,20 |
Moderate /
Substantial |
Moderate |
Slight /
Moderate |
|
VSR 44 |
HKLR |
Low |
Intermediate |
Intermediate |
Slight |
Slight |
MM1,2, 12,13,14 15,19,20 |
Slight |
Slight |
Slight |
|
VSR 45 |
TMCLKL |
Low |
Large |
Large |
Moderate |
Moderate |
MM1,12,14 15,20 |
Slight /
Moderate |
Slight |
Slight |
# CON – Construction Stage; OP – Operation Stage
11.12.1.3 Generally for VSRs, it is considered that the application of mitigation measures, in particular screen planting, compensatory planting and vertical greening of infrastructure would provide the necessary enhancements to assist in visually integrating the new development into the existing landscape setting and help to break up the appearance of built form. In this case, following the establishment of the mitigation planting at year 10, most of the residual impact could be reduced to acceptable level.
11.12.1.4 Views experienced substantial adverse impacts would be reduced to
moderate or slight/moderate level at the beginning of the operational phase
through effective mitigation measures. Like VSR15 Near Yat Tung Shopping
Centre, VSR22a Near Yuen Tan Temple, VSR38a Shek Lau Po and VSR39 Near Wong Ka
Wai, those highly sensitive VSRs which would experience a substantial adverse
impacts, but with effective mitigation measures like screen hoarding, screen
planting, road greening, maximise greening on structures and aesthetic design
of built development, the residual impact would be reduced to slight/moderate
during the operational stage. For VSR28
Near Tung Chung North Waterfront and VSR43 HKBCF, those two medium sensitivity
VSRs would experience substantial impacts due to their large change of views by
the reclamation works. The adverse residual impacts would be reduced to
moderate/substantial level during construction stage and moderate level by
operation day 1 since the substantial loss of open sea view cannot be mitigated
effectively. And for VSR5 Scenic Hill East, VSR13 Hilltop of Planned Open
Space- facing northwest, VSR20 Ngong Ping 360 Rescue Trail and
VSR33 Ngong Ping 360 Cable Car-facing NE to S which would experience
substantial impact with medium sensitivity and large magnitude of change, the
residual impact would be reduced to moderate with recommended mitigation
measures during construction stage. By year 10 of
operation, since the visual character in Tung Chung has been changed into urban
development type, all
the recommended mitigation measures would not be able to alleviate the
fundamental change in character. While, the residual
adverse impacts of those above VSRs would be slight/moderate level as the
visual amenity of the proposed development would be improved when mitigation
measures have matured and taken effect.
11.12.1.5 Moderate adverse impact would be experienced by those medium sensitivity VSRs which the development area could be highly visible and create the large visual change, like VSR22b Near Yuen Tan Temple, VSR26 Tung Chung Ferry Pier, VSR37 Siu Ho Wan and VSR38b Shek Lau Po. The recommended measures like screening hoarding, screen planting, maximise greening on structures, noise barrier design, landscape treatment on channelized watercourse, polders and stormwater attenuation and treatment ponds would effectively alleviate the impacts for these VSRs during construction stages and enhance the visual compatibility with the existing landscape setting during the operational phase. Meanwhile, these buildings in Area 53, Area 54, Area 55 and Area 56 that are under construction, would also help to block the view of the proposed development in TCE for VSR26 Tung Chung Ferry Pier at low level views. It is considered that visual impact of this VSR could be mitigated together with recommended mitigation measures. Furthermore, Moderate impact would also be experienced by those low sensitivity transportation VSRs due to their large change of views, such as VSR4 Near Sitting-out Area, VSR12 Near Ying Hei Road, VSR35 Open Sea east to Check Lap Kok, VSR36 North Lantau Expressway and VSR45 TMCLKL. Appropriate mitigation measures such as noise barrier design, aesthetic design of built development and other greening measures can also help to alleviate these visual impacts. As a result, following the establishment of those mitigation measures, the residual impact of the above VSRs would be reduced to slight/moderate during construction stage and slight during operational stage.
11.12.1.6 For those VSRs as mentioned in Section 11.10.3.7 that would experience moderate impacts with intermediate change of viewing, recommended mitigation measures would help to reduce the impacts from moderate to slight/moderate during construction stage and slight at operation day 1, except VSR6 Scenic Hill and VSR17 Near Tung Chung Stream. The residual impact for those two VSRs would remain as moderate during construction stage and slight/moderate at operation day 1, since the adverse impact cannot be mitigated effectively. When the mitigation measures have matured, it is considered that the residual adverse impacts for most VSRs mentioned in Section 11.10.3.7 could remain as slight level by year 10. While for VSR6 Scenic Hill, it is considered the residual impact would be slight/moderate by year 10, due to its close and panoramic view of the proposed development. Furthermore, for VSR19a Near Ngau Au, since mitigation measures would help to enhance the visual compatibility with the existing high-rise residential buildings at the background, it is considered that the residual impacts would be insignificant by the year 10.
11.12.1.7 Although they would have small change of view, those residential
VSRs mentioned in Section 11.10.3.8
would still experience moderate adverse impacts due to their high sensitivity.
Recommended mitigation measures like aesthetic design of built development,
screen planting, maximise greening on structures and other landscape treatments
would help to create visual obstruction and reduce the adverse impacts to
slight/moderate during construction and slight at operation day 1. Following
the establishment of these measures, in year 10 operation, the adverse impacts
experienced by VSR21a Near Ngau
Au, VSR30 Near Ma Wan New Village, VSR31Yat Tung Estate and VSR32 Yu Tung Court
would be reduced to insignificant as most of the development would be
predominantly screened by matured plantation together with other mitigation
measures. But for VSR29a Near
Tai Ho and VSR40a Tuen Mun South Coast, because of the appearance of the
proposed reclamation land, the residual impact would remain as slight even in
year 10 operation.
11.12.1.8 It is considered that slight adverse visual impacts would remain at slightly adverse level during construction stage for those VSRs as mentioned in Section 11.10.3.9, 11.10.3.10, 11.10.3.11 and 11.10.3.12. They still keep clearer views or panoramic views of the working area and it is difficult to fully mitigate potential impacts. When the screen planting, maximise greening on structures become matured by operation year 10, the residual impacts for VSR8 Near Tung Chung Waterfront, VSR16 Hau Wong Temple, VSR18 Bus Station near Fu Tung Street and VSR21b Near San Tau would be reduced to insignificant level. But for other VSRs mentioned in those sections, the residual impacts would remain as slight or insignificant/slight level for the scale of the proposed development appearing in the view cannot be fully mitigated even in year 10 operation.
11.12.1.9 Insignificant
impact would be experienced for those following VSRs which have negligible
change of view in relation to the development. The residual impacts for VSR9
Tung Chung Battery, VSR10 Ma Wan Chung Pier-facing northeast, VSR14 Hilltop of
Planned Open Space- facing northeast and VSR41 Along Tuen Mun Road and Castle
Peak Road would remain as insignificant level during the operational stage.
11.13.1
General
11.13.1.1 The project will be commissioned
in phases with first population intake in 2023. The first stage of construction
shall commence in 2017 and be completed by 2030 according to the current
construction programme (refer Chapter 1). The study has evaluated
potential concurrent projects, as summarised in Table 1.3 and concludes
that a number of these project shall be assessed for cumulative impacts.
11.13.1.2 Further review in Section 1.9
shows eight (8) of the projects shall be reviewed for cumulative impacts with
Project shown in Schedule 3 for Impact Assessment, further analysis is given
below.
·
Hong Kong –
Zhuhai – Macao Bridge Hong Kong Boundary Crossing Facilities (HZMB HKBCF, being
constructed);
·
Tuen Mun – Chek
Lap Kok Link (TM-CLKL, being constructed);
·
Construction of
additional sewage rising mains and rehabilitation of the existing sewage rising
main between Tung Chung and Siu Ho Wan;
·
Planned developments in
the existing Tung Chung New Town such as residential developments at:
·
Tung Chung Area 27 (under construction)
·
Tung Chung Area 39 (under construction)
·
Tung Chung Area 55 (under construction)
·
Tung Chung Area 56 (under construction)
11.13.2
Hong Kong – Zhuhai – Macao Bridge Hong Kong Boundary
Crossing Facilities (HZMB HKBCF, being constructed)
11.13.2.1 The HZMB HKBCF is located on an
artificial island of about 130 hectares, to be reclaimed from the open water
off Northeast of HKIA. The Facility is linked by Hong Kong Link Road (HKLR),
Tuen Mun – Chek Lap Kok Link (TM-CLKL) and the connecting roads to HKIA. It
will serve as a multi-modal transportation hub in the area. The captioned
development is a Schedule 2 DP, its EIA Report was approved in 2009 prior to
its construction and is targeted to be completed by end of 2016 (Substantial
completion date for key infrastructure works). With reference to the
information available, it is unlikely that the construction programme of both
Tung Chung New Town Extension and HZMB HKBCF would undergo concurrently.
Therefore, the landscape and visual cumulative impact are not anticipated
during construction phase, however the cumulative assess for both project’s
operation phases shall be carried out as followed.
11.13.2.2 The residual landscape impacts of
HKBCF are mainly caused by the proposed reclamation works site formation along
the southeast coast of Airport Island. The impact would result in direct
loss of coastal water, inshore and offshore water landscape characters at the
Southwest, South and East of HKIA respectively. However the loss is
relatively minor in comparison to the large amount of adjacency seawater
landscape resources/ characters within inshore and offshore of Airport Island.
The proposed TCE and Road P1 Extension are located entirely on the coastal
water and inshore water area with a small portion overlapping the urban area
and the ongoing development. For coastal water, the proposal are unlikely to
generate overall adverse impact as a result of the strong precedence of
reclamation in the vicinity and abundant nature of the landscape
resources. The proposals shall be compatible with the urbanised area as
well as the ongoing development. The RODP for TCW will affect the shrub land,
grassland and woodland, including secondary woodland and Fung Shui woodlands.
Avoidance measures have been adapted to zoning of the Fung Shui woodlands,
classified as either “GB” or “CA” except areas where flood risk and road safety
control are required. This approach would minimise the impact to Fung Shui
woodlands during construction stage. The residual landscape impacts on
secondary woodland and shrub land/grassland will be alleviated after further
woodland restoration and compensatory planting, and the landscape character
would be restored with the implementation of mitigation measures. With
implementation of appropriate mitigation measures for each project, the
cumulative LR impacts are considered to be slight/moderate.
11.13.2.3 In addition, both projects have
notable impacts on Inshore Water Landscape and Miscellaneous Rural Fringe
Landscape prior to mitigation. A greater area of this LCA type will be affected
cumulatively, hence appropriate mitigation measures shall be implemented such
as aesthetic design of built structures & slope treatment works, also
transplanting and compensating trees. Since both project’s programme will not
overlap and with mitigation measures in place, the overall cumulative impacts
on LCA at Year 10 will be slight.
11.13.2.4 The key findings of visual impacts
from the approved EIA report suggest that the HKBCF is located more than 1km
away from Tung East and more than 3km from Tung Chung West. Therefore,
potential visual impact would experience negligible to slight visual impact due
to integration of the HKBCF and Airport in view of their similarity in
appearance and relatively low-rise structures. Major mitigation measures shall
be established, for instance aesthetic engineering and architectural design
together with optimum greening treatment, would potentially minimise any major
visual impacts. Since the overall visual character in Tung Chung area would be
completely changed by the proposed development after the construction, the proposed mitigation measures
for Tung Chung New Town Development would not be able to reduce the adverse cumulative impacts
effectively. While, it is considered that improving the appearance of new urban
infrastructures together with landscape planting or screening measures, and
lighting control would help to alleviate the adverse visual impacts from the
new urban development and enhance the compatibility with the existing Tung
Chung Town development. It is considered that the residual cumulative impacts
would be slight/ moderate to insignificant by year 10 of operation when the
visual character has been changed into urban landscape.
11.13.3
Tuen Mun – Chek Lap Kok Link (TM-CLKL, being constructed)
11.13.3.1 Tuen Mun – Chek Lap Kok Link
(TM-CLKL) is also a Schedule 2 DP and its EIA Report had been approved in 2009
prior to its construction. The construction of TM-CLKL has been commenced and
the scheduled completion for the southern and northern connection is by the end
of Year 2016 and Year 2018 respectively (Substantial completion date for key
infrastructure works). With reference to information available, the
construction programme of Tung Chung New Town Extension and TM-CLKL are likely
to run concurrently in the year of 2018, therefore the cumulative landscape and
visual has been assessed for both construction and operational phases as per
below.
11.13.3.2 In regards to the TM-CLKL EIA
report, a 19.1 hectare reclamation on northeast of Airport Island (now
integrated with the proposed HKBCF) formed the landfall for the southern tunnel
portal of TM-CLKL. The landfall reclamation would be the source of impacts, and
similar to the HKBCF, the coastal water adjacent to Tai Ho will be permanently
loss. The landscape impacts on seawater body and shoreline near Pillar
Point and north of Tai Ho Wan can only be slightly mitigated by minimizing the
construction area and period of time. Landscape impact level is
considered to be moderate during the construction phase regardless of the
implementation of mitigation measures. Road work along Chueng Tung road
will lead to vegetation loss at Tai Ho and Pak Mong, an approximate 0.2 hectare
of shrubby grassland in medium amenity level will disappear during the
construction phase. Nonetheless the loss can be compensated by planting new
heavy & light standard trees and further proposed of soft landscape works
to enhance greenery. With mitigation measures in place, the overall
residual impact on trees will be reduced in the course of operational phases.
11.13.3.3 All the mitigation measures, for
TM-CLKL, or for the proposed Tung Chung New Extension (for example,
optimisation of construction areas, adopting non-dredge method for the
reclamation, preservation of natural coastline etc) would have help to reduce
any adverse cumulative landscape resources impacts on the construction and
operation phases.
11.13.3.4 With reference to the EIA report
of TM-CLKL, the Siu Lang Shui Upland and Hillside Landscape will lead to the
loss of trees which changes the landscape character. The Inshore Water
Landscape near Pillar Point and Tai Ho will be affected by the impact of LCA
due to the proposed reclamation of northern and southern landfall of TM-CLKL
and HKBCF respectively. Similarly, the construction of marina with about 95
berths at the PDA at TCE will lead to changes in landscape character, losing
the Inshore Water Landscape. The majority of development within TCW is located
within Miscellaneous Rural Fringe Landscape, the introduction of more
formalised and urban development including low and high rise residential
development, access roads and amenity landscape will transform to a more
dominant LCA type. Cumulatively a greater area of this LCA type will be
affected, both projects will implement relevant mitigation such as optimisation
on construction program; preservation of important vegetation, transplanting
existing trees; compensatory tree planting and woodland restoration, in such
that overall impact will not be significant. Since the projects do not overlap,
it is considered that cumulative impacts on LCAs are slight/moderate with the
implementation of mitigation measures.
11.13.3.5 In addition to visual impacts of
the proposed TM-CLKL, the marine viaduct from the southern landfall reclamation
at HKBCF to North Lantau Highway at Tai Ho, together with HKLR and HKBCF will
induce partial blockage of views and permanent loss of open seascape view. The
cumulative visual impacts can be slightly mitigated by minimizing the
construction area and period of time, as well as having buildings / structures
height limits and density limit. There will be unavoidable substantial/moderate
impact on various resident development, namely the Butterfly Estate, Siu Shan
Court, Wu King Estate, Melody Garden, Richland Garden, Pierhead Garden, Miami
Beach Towers, Marina Garden, Shi Hei Court, Yuet Wu Villa, Seaview Crescent,
Coastal Skyline, Caribbean Coast, and residential development in CDA zone.
There will also be impact on the planned theme park/ major recreational uses,
planned Lantau Logistics Park, possible planned Lantau Logistics Park Extension
or other compatible uses (including recreation uses) and planned residential
area of Tung Chung users. The Planned residential users at the TCE Development
near Tung Chung North Waterfront which are high sensitivity VSR and
recreational users at HKBCF which are medium sensitivity VSR, would experience
substantial impacts due to large change of views caused by the
reclamation. The adverse residual impacts would be moderate level since
the substantial loss of open sea view cannot be mitigated effectively. With
mitigation measures in place during construction and operation phases（i.e screen hoarding, providing natural rock material /
planting for artificial seawall, screen planting, aesthetic design of built development and maximise
greening on structure）an attractive & more pleasing overall form and appearance of the
aesthetic design viaduct shall be produced, and in year 10, these impacts would
be reduced to moderate level as the development would be compatible with the
visual character of surrounding areas with mitigation measures.
11.13.3.6 Both developments do not overlap
in area, but do connect via the North Lantau Highway. Although no cumulative
impacts are predicted with the implementation of relevant mitigation measures,
it is advised that a coordinated approach be undertaken between these projects,
to reduce potential impacts in terms of both magnitude and the period of
disturbance during construction.
11.13.4
Construction of additional sewage rising mains and
rehabilitation of the existing sewage rising main between Tung Chung and Siu Ho
Wan
11.13.4.1 The subject site is located close
to the TCE development, the project aims at providing additional sewage rising
mains and rehabilitating the existing sewage rising main and constructing
associated works between Tung Chung and Siu Ho Wan. The proposed new rising
main is programmed for will be commissioning in June 2023, while and
rehabilitation of the existing rising main will be for completion by 2025,
which would overlap with the planned construction period of the TCE development
(from Year 2017-2030).
11.13.4.2 The upgrading work is not of large
scale, comprising a works area of about 550 m in length and 3 m in width, and
would generally involve the following construction activities:
· Break up of road surface
· Excavation of soil material
· Laying of new sewers
· Steel fixing and concreting of manholes
· Laying of bedding material
· Backfilling and soil compaction
· Reinstatement of road surface
11.13.4.3 Potential landscape impacts
from the above construction works shall include tree preservation. Regarding to
the feasibility study of the captioned project, there are no registered Old and Valuable Trees
(OVTs) in the vicinity of the upgrading works area, however, roadside trees are
observed. As stated in Technical Circular (Works) No. 10/2013 Tree
Preservation, trees should be preserved as far as practicable. A detailed tree
survey should be carried out and a Tree Preservation and Removal Proposal
(TPRP) should be prepared during detailed design stage. The aforementioned
technical circular should be strictly followed. In addition to the above
recommended mitigation measures, guidelines as given in the Technical Circular
(Works) No. 19/2005 – Environmental Management of Construction Sites, should
also be followed where appropriate. With implementation of good site practices
and the recommended mitigation measures, the proposed gravity sewer upgrading
work is not anticipated to cause adverse landscape impacts. In addition, consider the
project scale and mitigation measure of screen hoarding during construction
phases, therefore, the potential visual impact will be slight.
11.13.5
Planned developments in the existing Tung Chung New Town
such as residential developments at Tung Chung Area 27, Area 39, Area 55 and
Area 56
11.13.5.1 Regarding to the existing
information, the projects of Tung Chung Area 27, Area 39 and Area 56 are the
Proposed Home Ownership Scheme Development (PHOSD). Project of Area 27 and Area
39 are situated near to the TCW development. For Area 55 and 56 are located on
the reclamation land which are next to the TCE development.
11.13.5.2 Tung Chung Area 27 is located to
the south of North Lantau Hospital and Yat Tung Estate, it comprises of two
blocks with 41 storeys and targets to have the population intake by Year 2019
which is likely to have interface construction programme with the TCW,
therefore the cumulative landscape and visual impact assessment for
construction and operation phases shall be carried out in this chapter.
11.13.5.3 In addition, Tung Chung Area 39
covers an area of approximately 3.23ha and is located on the southwest of Yat
Tung Estate with four residential blocks ranging from 32 to 41 storeys. The
commencement period is scheduled from Year 2014 and is targeted to be completed
in Year 2018, although the construction programme of Tung Chung Area 39 is
unlikely to be concurrent with TCW, but the cumulative landscape and visual
impact shall be assessed for both project’s operation phases.
11.13.5.4 Development of Area 56 is located
at the reclamation land from the southwest part of TCE development, it covers
an area of about 3.3ha, and there are four 41-storey high domestic blocks. The
construction of the project is scheduled to commence in mid-2012 and is
targeted to be completed in Year 2016, although the construction programme of
Tung Chung Area 56 is unlikely to be concurrent with TCE, but the cumulative
landscape and visual impact shall be carried out for both project’s operation
phases.
11.13.5.5 In addition, Tung Chung Area 55 is
the private housing development which comprises of 19 blocks with 30 to 39
storeys with a construction period from June 2013 to November 2015. Although
the construction programme are unlikely to be run concurrently, but the
location is close to the TCE development, therefore, the landscape and visual
cumulative impact for both project’s operation phases shall be carried out in
this chapter.
11.13.5.6 Programme of residential
developments at Tung Chung Area 27, Area 39, Area 55 and Area 56 with New Tong
Tung Chung Extension are summarised from below Table 11.23 and discussed in Chapter
1.
Table 11.23 Programme of Concurrent Residential Developments
|
Project |
Start |
End |
Remarks on relevant mitigation measures |
|
Residential development near Tung Chung West |
|||
|
Tung Chung Area 27 (PHOSD) |
2016 |
2019 |
·
Facade treatment and stepped height
building profile ·
Preservation on important trees ·
Compensatory tree planting |
|
Tung Chung Area 39 (PHOSD) |
2014 |
2018 |
·
Step height profile among the proposed
building blocks ·
Minimum of 3 trees per 100 sqm of total
green coverage |
|
New Town Extension – Tung Chung West
Development (TCW) |
2019 |
2030 |
·
Aesthetic design of built development ·
Compensatory tree planting ·
Woodland restoration ·
Maximise greening on structures ·
Screen planting ·
Screen hoarding |
|
Residential
development near Tung Chung East |
|||
|
Tung Chung Area 55 (Private
Development) |
2013 |
2015 |
·
Provision of greening ·
Podium garden ·
Vertical green |
|
Tung Chung Area 56 (PHOSD) |
2012 |
2015 |
·
noise barriers mounted on residential
blocks ·
30% green coverage ·
roof garden |
|
New Town Extension – Tung Chung East
Development (TCE) |
2017 |
2030 |
·
Aesthetic design of built development ·
Compensatory tree planting ·
Maximise greening on structures ·
Screen planting ·
Screen hoarding |
Cumulative
Impact Assessment at Tung Chung Area 27 with TCW:
11.13.5.7 In terms of landscape aspect at
Area 27, it is located within the LR of urbanised development, landscape
quality and value is consider to be low given the formalised nature of the majority
of the resources. There are four large mature trees (Ficus Microcarpa) in high amenity values located at the southern
corner within the captioned development and had proposed to be preserved
in-situ, tree preservation clause had also stipulated in the land grant to HD.
Regarding to the RODP of TCW-PDA, the residual impact on urbanised development
areas will be slight, the new development appears to be quite compatible with
the surrounding landscape and therefore the cumulative LR and LCA impacts for
both projects are considered to be slight.
11.13.5.8 Regarding to the rezoning proposal
of Area 27, a visual appraisal has been conducted by HD to illustrate the
possible visual impact of the proposed HOS development on the surrounding
areas. Although the proposed development would slightly reduce the visual
openness nearby with blockage to the view at some view points, and impose an
overshadowing effect on Ma Wan New Village by introduction of additional
building blocks, the development would not create visual incompatibility with
the surrounding areas. In order to mitigate its visual impacts, HD had explored
various design measures, such as façade treatment and stepped height building
profile. In view of the site configuration, location and proposed development parameters
to meet housing needs, some visual impact is unavoidable and has been reflected
in the visual appraisal. Further reviewed to the relevant VSRs from TCW
development, those residential would still experience moderate adverse impacts
due to their high sensitivity. Recommended mitigation measures like aesthetic
design of built development, screening planting, maximise greening on
structures and other landscape treatments would help to create visual
obstruction and reduce the adverse impacts to slight/moderate at operation
phase, it would also help alleviate the cumulative visual impact to become
slight/moderate at construction phase for VSRs near Ngau Au, Ma Wan New
Village, Yat Tung Estate and Yu Tung Court. The residual adverse visual impacts
experienced by those VSRs would be reduced to slight/moderate as most of the
new development appears would be compatible with the surrounding visual
character at year 10 with those mitigation measures.
Cumulative Impact Assessment at Tung
Chung Area 39 with TCW:
11.13.5.9 Based on the current information,
the original land status of Area 39 was used as a temporary car park under a
short term tenancy and the Chung Yat Street Soccer Pitch is temporarily
allocated to LCSD and DLCS. PlanD has amended the Layout Plan No.L/I-TCIIB/1C
and rezone the site for ‘’special Residential’’ use. Refer to the development
proposal, it had proposed measures to minimise potential impacts on landscape
resources such as half of which will be provided at grade and to provide a
minimum of 3 trees per 100 sqm of the total green coverage. Moreover, provision
of landscape areas and activity nodes has been considered as far as possible
during detail design stage to enhance the amenity areas. Similar to the Area
27, the residual landscape impacts from TCW-PDA will be happened on urbanised
development areas. The residual impact on urbanised development areas will be
slight, the new development appears to be quite compatible with the surrounding
landscape. With implementation of appropriate mitigation measures for both
projects（i.e preservation of potentially registerable OVTs, rare and protected
species, transplanting of existing trees and compensatory planting etc）, the cumulative LR and LCA
impacts during operation phase are considered to be slight.
11.13.5.10 Part of the Area 39 development
site has falls within the 100m wide breezeway corridor, to reduce the impact
during the operation phase, HD had considered the stepped height profile among
the proposed building blocks during the detail design stage, a 15m building
height limit to be incorporated within the 100m wide breezeway across the
eastern portion of the site. It had also proposed the provision of
well-connected pedestrian linkages with nearby areas. Further reviewed to the
related VSRs together with TCW development, such as residents of villages near
Tung Chung Fort, Shek Lau Po and Wong Ka Wai which have direct and close view
of both developments. The adverse impacts are caused by full visibility of new
urban infrastructures during the operational phase, which would experience a
substantial adverse impacts, but with mitigation measures like screen planting,
road greening, maximise greening on structures and aesthetic design of built
development, the residual impact would be reduced to substantial/moderate during
the operational stage. And in year 10 operation, those impacts would be reduced
to slight/moderate level as both of the developments would be predominantly
screened by matured plantation together with other mitigation measures. With
implementation of appropriate mitigation measures for both projects, the
cumulative visual impacts are considered to be slight/moderate.
Cumulative Impact Assessment at Tung
Chung Area 55 with TCE:
11.13.5.11 The development of Area 55
comprises with two private residential developments which named as ‘’Century
Link’’ and ‘’The Visionary’’. Both projects are currently under construction.
Refer to the current information of the developments, total of 19 blocks with
30 to 39 storeys will be constructed. The design proposals has incorporated the
provision of greenery, podium garden and vertical green installation to enhance
the amenity value to the landscape resources. As discussed from the above
paragraph of HZMB HKBCF, the residual landscape impacts of TCE are mainly
caused by the proposed reclamation works site formation along the southeast
coast of Airport Island. The proposed TCE and Road P1 Extension are
located entirely on the coastal water and inshore water area with a small
portion overlapping the urban area and the ongoing development. For coastal
water, the proposal are unlikely to generate overall adverse impact as a result
of the strong precedence of reclamation in the vicinity and abundant nature of
the landscape resources. The proposals shall be compatible with the urbanised
area as well as the ongoing development. With implementation of appropriate
mitigation measures for each project, the cumulative LR and LCA impacts are
considered to be slight.
11.13.5.12 Aesthetic engineering and
architectural design together with optimum greening treatment has established
in the Area 55 residential developments, it would potentially minimise any
major visual impacts. For TCE, the proposed mitigation measures such as
aesthetic design of built form, screen planting, vertical greening and green
roof, would also helped to reduce the adverse cumulative landscape and visual
impacts. Overall the cumulative visual impacts from these two projects are
considered to be slight/moderate with mitigation.
Cumulative Impact Assessment at Tung
Chung Area 56 with TCE:
11.13.5.13 The Tung Chung Area 56 is situated
on the reclamation land which next to the TCE development. According to the
Tung Chung Town Centre Area Outline Zoning Plan No. S/I-TCTC/18, the captioned
development is zoned “Residential (A)” and has a plot ratio of 5. The proposed
public housing development is in line with the planning intention to meet
housing needs for the community, given to the project nature, adverse
cumulative landscape impacts for Area 56 are not anticipated. Similar to the
above PHOSD, to enhance the amenity of landscape aspect, the design scheme had
achieved an overall of 30% green coverage. As mentioned from the above
paragraph of the residual landscape impacts of TCE, the proposals shall be
compatible with the urbanised area as well as the ongoing development. With
implementation of appropriate mitigation measures for each project, the
cumulative LR impacts are considered to be slight.
11.13.5.14 In response to the local
aspiration, HD had proposed to refine the development from the previously
proposed four domestic blocks ranging from 47 to 49 storeys high in 2009 to the
current proposed 41 storey domestic blocks in order to increase the open areas
from the ground floor and to minimize any ‘’screen effect’’, the layout of the
four blocks allows for a wider space between the blocks. Further reviewed to
the related VSRs together with TCE development, relevant VSR near Tung Chung
North Waterfront and HKBCF would experience substantial impacts due to their
large change of views by the reclamation. The adverse residual impacts would be
reduced to moderate level since the substantial loss of open sea view cannot be
mitigated effectively. And in year 10 operation, those impacts would be reduced
to slight or slight/moderate level as both of the developments would be
predominantly screened by matured plantation together with other mitigation
measures, the cumulative visual impacts are considered to be slight/moderate.
11.13.6
Cumulative Impacts on Views from Visual
Sensitive Receivers（VSRs）
11.13.6.1 The cumulative operational impacts
at the viewpoints are discussed in Table
11.24. Photographs and photomontages have been produced to accompany this
assessment and can be found in Figure 11.6c to 11.6bb.
Table 11.24 Cumulative
Impacts on Views from VSR
|
VSR code |
VSR description and
Sensitivity |
Cumulative
Impact (in
combination） |
|
VSR5 |
This VSR offers
an elevated views from the top of Scenic Hill which is mostly visited by
hikers, from this elevated location, there is a panoramic view of Tung Chung
Water Promenade with North Lantau Highway in the foreground. The VSR is
partially blocked by vegetation from the hill side when facing the left direction,
which would be moderately sensitive to any changes in the viewing experience
in the future. The overall sensitivity is considered to be ‘Medium’. |
In Figure
11.6d shows
that the TCE development will theoretically be seen in the same 90 degree
view as the residential buildings at Area 55 and 56. The visual
impacts would mainly result from the substantial loss of visual elements as
open sea view and appearance of new development, it will result in a large
magnitude of cumulative change to the visual character = impact of substantial significance. However,
consider the implementation of the proposed mitigation measures which has
reported in the LVIA will reduce the visual cumulative impact to slight/moderate at year 10. |
|
VSR6 |
The VSR is
located at the hiking trail of Senic Hill viewing towards to the Tung Chung
Bay, it partially contained with Chek Lap Kok South Road to the left and
Lantau North Country Park to the right of the view point, offering a distance
view of the residential development including Yat Tung Estate across Tung
Chung Bay costal area. Due to the recreational usage of the view point, this
VSR would be moderately sensitive to any changes in the viewing experience in
the future. The overall sensitivity is considered to be ‘Medium’. |
In Figure 11.6f shows that the TCW development will
theoretically be seen in the same 90 degree view as the Yat Tung Estate and
the residential buildings at Area 27 and 39. The visual
impacts would mainly result from the loss of visual element like natural
hillside and vegetation cover and appearance of new development, it will
result in an intermediate magnitude of cumulative change to the visual
character = impact of moderate
significance. However,
consider the implementation of the proposed mitigation measures which has
reported in the LVIA will reduce the visual cumulative impact to slight/moderate at year 10. |
|
VSR20 |
This VSR is
located on the ‘Tung O Ancient Trail’ along the hill side of Lantau North
(Extension) Country Park. An open view of Tung Chung Bay with Tung Chung New
Town in the background can be seen from this vantage point. A clear ridgeline
of Por Kai Shan can be seen from a long distance view in the foreground.
Suggesting a few hikers and visitors will be occupied during the daily
operation. This VSR represents hikers and visitors in this area at low level
views, which would be moderately sensitive to any changes in the viewing
experience. So the overall sensitivity is considered to be ‘Medium’. |
In Figure 11.6j shows that the TCW development will
theoretically be seen in the same 90 degree view as the Yat Tung Estate, Tung
Chung Crescent and the residential buildings at Area 39. The visual
impact would mainly result from the loss of visual element like natural
hillside and vegetation cover and appearance of new development, it will
result in a large magnitude of cumulative change to the visual character =
impact of substantial
significance. However,
consider the implementation of the proposed mitigation measures which has
reported in the LVIA will reduce the visual cumulative impact to slight/moderate at year 10. |
|
VSR24 |
This VSR is
located in the designated public footpaths and trials within the Lantau North
(Extension) Country Park. The existing view towards southwest is
characterized by urban landscape of Tung Chung Town, including high-rise
buildings in Yat Tung Estate, low-rise villages, traffic roads and upland
hillsides. The mountains of Tung Chung Valley and seascape of Tung Chung Bay
form the background to this view. This VSR represents the hikers on the
Lantau North Country Park, which would be moderately sensitive to the visual
changes. The overall sensitivity is considered to be ‘Medium’. |
In Figure 11.6n shows that the TCW development will
theoretically be seen in the same 90 degree view as the Yat Tung Estate, Tung
Chung Valley, two additional service reservoirs and the proposed high-rise
residential buildings at Area 27 and Area 39. The visual
impacts would mainly result from the appearance of new urban development such
as the proposed TCW, two additional reservoirs and the proposed buildings in
Area 27 and Area 39, it will result in a large magnitude of cumulative change
to the visual character = impact of substantial
significance. However,
consider the implementation of the proposed mitigation measures which has
reported in the LVIA will help to reduce the visual cumulative impact to slight/moderate at year 10. |
|
VSR33 |
This VSR is
located in the elevated line of Ngong Ping 360 Cable Car. The existing view
facing northeast to south is characterized by the whole urban development of
Tung Chung Town and Tung Chung Valley. The ridgeline and mountains of Por Kai
Shan and Lantau North Country Park form the background to this view. The VSR
represent passengers and visitors of Ngong Ping 360 Cable Car, which would
experience a good quality of view but with short duration. The VSR would be
moderately sensitive to the visual changes. The overall sensitivity is
considered to be ‘Medium’. |
In Figure 11.6u shows that the TCW development will
theoretically be seen in the same 90 degree view as the Yat Tung Estate with
the natural ridgeline behind. TCE development will be partially visible
beside the Seaview Crescent. The visual
impacts would mainly result from the loss of visual elements like open sea,
natural hillside and vegetation cover, it will result in a large magnitude of
cumulative change to the visual character = impact of substantial significance. However, consider
the implementation of the proposed mitigation measures which has reported in
the LVIA will reduce the visual cumulative impact to slight/moderate at year 10. |
|
VSR43 |
This VSR is
located in the reclamation island of HKBCF which is still under construction.
The existing view towards southwest is characterized by open inshore water,
high-rise development of Tung Chung Town and North Lantau High Expressway.
The ridgelines and mountains of Por Kai Shan and Lantau North Country Park
form the background to this view. This VSR represents future customs staffs,
visitors to the hotels, shopping and entertainment facilities of Topside
Development at HKBCF island, and those passengers and drivers crossing the
HKBCF island. These users would take the existing view as a secondary view
and experience a short duration of view. The VSR would be moderately
sensitive to any visual change. The overall sensitivity is considered as
‘Medium’. |
In Figure 11.6bb shows that the TCE development will
theoretically be seen in the same 90 degree view as Tung Chung Town and the
residential buildings at Area 55 and 56, the tips of the hillside will be
visible behind the new development. TCW development (4.5km away) will go unnoticed
in the view. The visual
impacts would mainly result from the loss of visual element like open sea and
natural hillsides, it will result in a large magnitude of cumulative change
to the visual character = impact of substantial
significance. However,
consider the implementation of the proposed mitigation measures which has
reported in the LVIA will reduce the visual cumulative impact to slight/moderate at year 10. |
11.13.6.2 In terms of visual impact, these
above VSRs would have a panoramic view over the proposed large scale
developments of TCW and TCE together with other concurrent projects, it is
considered that they would experience moderate to substantial significance of
cumulative impacts due to their visual changes. While, these proposed
developments would completely change the visual character of the area, all the
recommended mitigation measures would not be able to reduce the cumulative
impacts effectively. But for visual amenity purpose, improving the appearance
of new urban infrastructures together with landscape planting or screening
measures, and lighting control would help to alleviate the adverse cumulative
visual impacts from the new urban developments and enhance the compatibility
with the existing Tung Chung Town development. So, it is considered that the
residual cumulative impacts would be slight/ moderate by year 10 of operation
when the mitigation measures have matured and taken effect.
11.14.1
Impacts on Landscape Resources
11.14.1.1 In summary for LRs, substantially adverse impacts are predicted at LR1j Secondary Woodland near Ma Wan Hill where part of a natural LR will be transformed into an artificial development; LR4 Coastal Waters for an area of 124ha at TCE where a natural LR will be transformed ino an artificial development with tall buildings by reclamation; and Agricultural Land (LR10a, 10b, 10c), a large extent of which will be developed into residential developments. These impacts are predicted to remain substantially adverse at operation prior to mitigation. With mitigation measures such as non-dredge method for reclamation and natural rock material/ planting at artificial seawall for Cpoa; provision of compensatory tree planting for LR1j, and aesthetic design of built environment and woodland restoration for LR10a, 10b and 10c, the landscape impact will be alleviated from substantial to moderate eventually.
11.14.1.2 Prior to mitigation measures,
these LRs which are predicted to experience Moderate adverse impacts at
construction and operation stages are: LR1e, 1f, 1h, 1i, LR2d, 2e, 2f, 2h, LR5a,
5b, LR8 and LR12. The impacts are
predicted to be reduced to moderate or slight adverse after mitigation for all
these LRs.
11.14.1.3 After the implementation of
landscape and visual mitigation measures, the remaining LRs will all experience
slight adverse impacts or insignificant impacts at construction and operation
phase, with the exception of LR1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1g; LR2a, 2b, 2c, 2g, 2i, LR3,
LR6a, 6b, LR7a, 7b, LR13 and LR14, which will not be affected by the
development schemes.
11.14.2
Impacts on Landscape Character Areas
11.14.2.1 In summary for the LCAs, substantially adverse impacts are predicted at construction and operation before mitigation for LCA1 Inshore Water Landscape, LCA4 Coastal Upland and Hillside Landscape and LCA10b Miscellaneous Rural Fringe Landscape. After the mitigation measures implementation of compensatory planting and aesthetic design of built environment for LCA1 and LCA4, the landscape impact can be alleviated from substantial to moderate eventually. After mitigation measures such as woodland restoration and compensation tree planting for LCA10b, the landscape impact on LCA10b will be alleviated from substantial to moderate eventually.
11.14.2.2 The proposals are likely to generate moderately adverse impacts on LCA5 Settled Valley Landscape as result of the character change of this LCA from natural to artificial; and LCA6 Upland Hillside Landscape as a result of the loss of natural vegetation and topography due to construction of the service reservoirs. After mitigation measures such as woodland restoration, landscaping on slope and compensation tree planting, the landscape character will be more compatible with the surroundings and the landscape impact can be alleviated from Moderate to Slight eventually.
11.14.2.3 After mitigation, the remaining LCAs are all expected to experience slightly adverse impacts at construction and operation stage, except LCA2, LCA3, LCA9, LCA10c, LCA11, LCA12 and LCA13, which are not affected by the development schemes.
11.14.3
Impacts on Visually Sensitive Receivers
11.14.3.1 It is considered the most
sensitive views are those which currently experience a direct and broad
connection with the wider undeveloped landscape setting, in particular those
residential VSRs overlooking Tung Chung Valley and
having a close view of the proposed reclamation developments in Tung Chung
East, such as VSR15
Near Yat Tung Shopping Centre, VSR22a Near Yuen Tan Temple, VSR38a Shek Lau Po
and VSR39 Near Wong Ka Wai. Otherwise, those recreational VSRs such as VSR5 Scenic Hill East, VSR13 Hilltop of Planned Open Space- facing
northwest, VSR20 Ngong Ping 360
Rescue Trail, VSR33 Ngong Ping 360 Cable Car-facing NE to S VSR28 Near Tung Chung North
Waterfront and VSR43 HKBCF, would experience substantial impacts due to a
substantial loss of visual element and large magnitude of visual change. Other
views of the site within the visual envelope including public footpaths,
trails, local open spaces, municipal parks, high rise buildings, major
infrastructure routes and so on, would experience slight to moderate visual
impacts depending on the visible proportion of the PDA development, magnitude
of visual change and their visual
sensitivity.
11.14.3.2 Mitigation works in
development area during the construction stage rely heavily on the optimisation
of the footprint of the works area, avoidance of significant topographical
changes together with the retention, protection and compensatory planting of
trees / vegetation. Following the
implementation of mitigation measures, adverse visual impact would be reduced
to lower level compared with before mitigation, both at construction stage and
operation early stage in general case. These measures have the capacity to
reduce the level of residual impact experienced by the VSRs during construction
stage. Greening measures such as use of climbing plants and verge planting
help to break up the uniformity of new road formation and associated structures
(such as footbridges), when used in combination with wider screening measures
e.g. sensitive design of infrastructure, facade treatment, colour scheme etc.
They help to reduce the visual impacts in the early operational stage. It is
considered that the residual impacts would be slight/ moderate to insignificant
by year 10 of operation when the mitigation measures have matured and taken
effect.
11.14.3.3 In order to alleviate the visual impact on VSRs facing the
additional service reservoirs, greening and planting works could be established
to blend the additional service reservoirs into surrounding hillside after the
construction and slope works. The installation
of sewerage network will not result in any residual visual impact on
the VSRs as the existing roads will be reinstated after the installation works.
As a result, only slight or insignificant visual impact
by the construction would be experienced by VSR14 Hilltop of Planned Open
Space-facing southwest and VSR24 Lantau North Country Park- facing west.
11.14.3.4 The overall visual character
in Tung Chung area would be completely changed by the proposed development
after the construction, all the recommended mitigation measures would not be
able to alleviate the fundamental change in character. While, in terms of
effectiveness of mitigation measures, it is considered that for visual amenity purpose,
improving the appearance of new urban infrastructures together with landscape
planting or screening measures, and lighting control would help to alleviate
the adverse visual impacts from the new urban development and enhance the
compatibility with the existing Tung Chung Town development. It is considered
that the residual impacts would be slight/ moderate to insignificant by year 10
of operation when the mitigation measures have matured and taken effect. So the
potential visual impacts by the DP would be acceptable through mitigation
works.
11.14.4
Overall Conclusion
11.14.4.1 Moderate
adverse impact or lower from the latest RODPs is anticipated. Given the proposed development are located
within such a large scale area, the fundamental change in character would not
be able to alleviate completely. It
is inevitable that landscape and visual impacts caused by such major
development cannot be fully reduced and would remain at some locations even
after implementation of all possible mitigation measures. Providing
compensatory measures are applied, the impacts can be generally alleviated in
local scale.
11.14.4.2 On
review of the likely residual impacts and possibility to reduce most of them to
slight/moderate to slight level by operation year 10 when the mitigation measures have
matured and taken effect, it is therefore anticipated that the
overall residual landscape and visual impacts from the proposed scheme of Tung
Chung development are considered acceptable with mitigation measures.